A soil conditioner and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soil conditioner technology, specifically to a soil conditioner fertilizer and its preparation method. The soil conditioner fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts high-entropy nanomaterials, 12-16 parts humic acid, 40-50 parts attapulgite, 2-4 parts konjac, 0.4-0.8 parts amino acid mixture, 1-3 parts calcium peroxide, 2-4 parts wood ash, and 0.4-0.6 parts alkyl glycosides. The high-entropy nanomaterials can reduce the impact of environmental stress on plants and effectively improve the overall growth status of plants. Simultaneously, the introduction of attapulgite can improve the plant's growth environment, while the slow decomposition of calcium peroxide in the soil releases oxygen, which helps root respiration and nutrient absorption. The components of the conditioner coordinate with each other to jointly promote plant growth and development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil conditioner technology, specifically to a soil conditioner fertilizer and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of agricultural production, soil degradation and fertility decline have become increasingly serious problems, becoming one of the main bottlenecks restricting sustainable agricultural development. Soil degradation includes physical, chemical, and biological degradation, manifested in soil structure deterioration, nutrient loss, and accumulation of harmful substances. To improve soil fertility and structure, scientists have developed various types of soil conditioners. Traditional soil conditioners often use single or a few elements as their main components. While they can meet the needs of soil improvement to some extent, their performance is often limited by the singularity of their components, making it difficult to comprehensively and effectively improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil.

[0003] Currently, the research and application of soil conditioners still face many challenges and problems. First, the application of traditional fertilizers easily leads to soil acidification and salinization, and long-term use may disrupt the soil ecological balance, causing soil structure deterioration and compaction. Second, single-component fertilizers often fail to meet the diverse nutrient needs of plants, potentially leading to nutrient imbalances and affecting crop growth and development. Furthermore, existing soil conditioners have limited effectiveness in improving soil physical structure and the microbial environment, making comprehensive soil improvement difficult. Heavy metal pollution and pesticide residues are also difficult to control effectively with traditional fertilizers, further limiting the sustainable development of agricultural production. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional, efficient, and environmentally friendly soil conditioner to comprehensively improve soil quality and agricultural production efficiency.

[0004] With the development of materials science, high-entropy nanomaterials have attracted widespread attention due to their unique structure and multifunctionality. High-entropy nanomaterials refer to alloy or composite nanomaterials composed of multiple (metallic or non-metallic) elements. They are characterized by diverse compositions, stable structures, and superior performance, providing a novel solution for soil improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a soil conditioning fertilizer and its preparation method, which adds high-entropy nanomaterials, attapulgite ore and calcium peroxide to the soil conditioning fertilizer, which significantly promotes plant growth and development.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a soil conditioning fertilizer, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of high-entropy nanomaterials, 12-16 parts of humic acid, 40-50 parts of attapulgite ore, 2-4 parts of konjac, 0.4-0.8 parts of amino acid mixture, 1-3 parts of calcium peroxide, 2-4 parts of wood ash, and 0.4-0.6 parts of alkyl glycosides.

[0007] Preferably, the method for preparing the high-entropy nanomaterial includes the following steps:

[0008] ① Al(NO3)3·9H2O, Mn(NO3)2⋅9H2O, Cu(NO3)2⋅6H2O, Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O and Zn(NO3)2⋅6H2O are mixed in ethanol in equal molar proportions and stirred for 30 min to dissolve and mix evenly to obtain a mixed ionic solution;

[0009] ② Place the mixed ionic solution prepared in step ① in an oven at 60~80℃ for 2~4 h to remove ethanol and form a high-entropy oxide precursor;

[0010] ③ Evacuate the tube furnace and introduce argon to remove impurities. Place the high-entropy oxide precursor obtained in step ② on one side of the quartz tube and place the tube furnace on the other side of the quartz tube. After heating the tube furnace to 800~850℃, move the tube furnace to the side containing the high-entropy oxide precursor and keep the temperature at 700℃ for calcination for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide is obtained.

[0011] ④ Dissolve 1.5-2 mmol NaBH4 and 0.5-1 mmol selenium powder in 2 mL of deionized water, then add 30 mL of ethanol and mix well. Continue to add 400-600 mg of the (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide prepared in step ③, mix well, and place in a high-pressure reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner. Transfer to an oven and heat to 140-150℃ for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, wash the product three times with deionized water and ethanol alternately, and then dry in a vacuum drying oven at 40-60℃ for 6-12 h to obtain high-entropy nanomaterials.

[0012] Preferably, in step ①, the ratio of Al(NO3)3·9H2O to ethanol is 4~6 mmol:30 mL.

[0013] Preferably, the amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts glycine, 4-6 parts alanine, 4-6 parts glutamic acid, 4-6 parts aspartic acid, 1-2 parts lysine, 1-2 parts histidine, and 1-2 parts arginine.

[0014] This invention also proposes a method for preparing a soil conditioning fertilizer, specifically including the following steps:

[0015] S1. Weigh out the high-entropy nanomaterials, humic acid, attapulgite ore, konjac, amino acid mixture, calcium peroxide, wood ash and alkyl glycosides by weight and add them to the mixer. Mix thoroughly to ensure that the components are evenly distributed to obtain soil conditioning fertilizer. Pack the fertilizer into a sealed bag to prevent moisture absorption.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention introduces high-entropy nanomaterials, humic acid, attapulgite ore, konjac, an amino acid mixture, calcium peroxide, wood ash, and alkyl glycosides to prepare a multifunctional, efficient, and environmentally friendly soil conditioner with significant beneficial effects. High-entropy nanomaterials, due to their high surface area and porous structure, effectively improve the physical structure of the soil, increasing its porosity and aeration. Simultaneously, the various elements in the high-entropy nanomaterials work synergistically to enhance plant stress resistance and antioxidant capacity, reducing the impact of environmental stress on plants and effectively improving their overall growth. The porous structure of attapulgite ore preferentially adsorbs free heavy metal ions in the soil. The active sites on the surface of the high-entropy nanomaterials convert heavy metals into low-mobility forms through redox reactions. Humic acid further stabilizes the heavy metal-high-entropy material complex through carboxyl / phenolic hydroxyl chelation, forming a three-tiered barrier of adsorption-catalysis-chelation, reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals. Furthermore, the humic acid and amino acid mixture provide abundant organic matter and nitrogen sources for soil microorganisms, promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms and enhancing soil biological activity. The heavy metal adsorption capacity of attapulgite ore, the pH regulation function of wood ash, and the water retention properties of konjac further optimize the soil environment, enabling plants to grow in healthier soil and thus improving crop growth. Calcium peroxide releases oxygen as it slowly decomposes in the soil, aiding root respiration and nutrient absorption, while also improving soil aeration and providing calcium to promote plant development. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the high-entropy nanomaterials prepared in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 2 This is the XPS full spectrum of the high-entropy nanomaterials prepared in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 3 These are images of spinach grown under fertilization in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2.

[0022] Figure 4 These are images of spinach roots cultivated under fertilization in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all chemical reagents involved in this invention were purchased through commercial channels.

[0025] Example 1: This example proposes a soil conditioning fertilizer, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of high-entropy nanomaterials, 16 parts of humic acid, 45 parts of attapulgite ore, 4 parts of konjac, 0.6 parts of amino acid mixture, 2 parts of calcium peroxide, 4 parts of wood ash, and 0.4 parts of alkyl glycoside.

[0026] The preparation method of the high-entropy nanomaterial includes the following steps:

[0027] ① Weigh 5 mmol of each of Al(NO3)3·9H2O, Mn(NO3)2⋅9H2O, Cu(NO3)2⋅6H2O, Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O and Zn(NO3)2⋅6H2O and mix them in 30 mL of ethanol. Stir for 30 min to dissolve and mix evenly to obtain a mixed ionic solution.

[0028] ② Place the mixed ionic solution prepared in step ① in an oven and dry it at 80°C for 2 h to remove ethanol and form a high-entropy oxide precursor;

[0029] ③ Evacuate the tube furnace and introduce argon to remove impurities. Place the high-entropy oxide precursor obtained in step ② on one side of the quartz tube and place the tube furnace on the other side of the quartz tube. After heating the tube furnace to 800℃, move the tube furnace to the side containing the high-entropy oxide precursor and calcine at 700℃ for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide is obtained.

[0030] ④ Dissolve 2 mmol NaBH4 and 1 mmol selenium powder in 2 mL of deionized water, then add 30 mL of ethanol and mix well. Continue to add 500 mg of (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide prepared in step ③, mix well, and place in a high-pressure reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner. Transfer to an oven and heat to 140℃ for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, wash the product three times with deionized water and ethanol alternately, and then dry in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃ for 6 h to obtain high-entropy nanomaterials.

[0031] The amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts glycine, 6 parts alanine, 6 parts glutamic acid, 4 parts aspartic acid, 1 part lysine, 2 parts histidine, and 2 parts arginine.

[0032] This embodiment also proposes a method for preparing a soil conditioning fertilizer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Weigh out the high-entropy nanomaterials, humic acid, attapulgite ore, konjac, amino acid mixture, calcium peroxide, wood ash and alkyl glycosides by weight and add them to the mixer. Mix thoroughly to ensure that the components are evenly distributed to obtain soil conditioning fertilizer. Pack the fertilizer into a sealed bag to prevent moisture absorption.

[0034] Example 2: This example proposes a soil conditioning fertilizer, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part high-entropy nanomaterials, 12 parts humic acid, 50 parts attapulgite ore, 3 parts konjac, 0.8 parts amino acid mixture, 3 parts calcium peroxide, 2 parts wood ash, and 0.5 parts alkyl glycosides.

[0035] The preparation method of the high-entropy nanomaterial includes the following steps:

[0036] ① Weigh 4 mmol of each of Al(NO3)3·9H2O, Mn(NO3)2⋅9H2O, Cu(NO3)2⋅6H2O, Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O and Zn(NO3)2⋅6H2O and mix them in 30 mL of ethanol. Stir for 30 min to dissolve and mix evenly to obtain a mixed ionic solution.

[0037] ② Place the mixed ionic solution prepared in step ① in an oven and dry it at 70°C for 3 h to remove ethanol and form a high-entropy oxide precursor;

[0038] ③ Evacuate the tube furnace and introduce argon to remove impurities. Place the high-entropy oxide precursor obtained in step ② on one side of the quartz tube and place the tube furnace on the other side of the quartz tube. After heating the tube furnace to 850℃, move the tube furnace to the side containing the high-entropy oxide precursor and calcine at 700℃ for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide is obtained.

[0039] ④ Dissolve 1.5 mmol NaBH4 and 0.5 mmol selenium powder in 2 mL of deionized water, then add 30 mL of ethanol and mix well. Continue to add 600 mg of (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide prepared in step ③, mix well, and place in a high-pressure reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner. Transfer to an oven and heat to 150℃ for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, wash the product three times with deionized water and ethanol alternately, and then dry in a vacuum drying oven at 50℃ for 8 h to obtain high-entropy nanomaterials.

[0040] The amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts glycine, 5 parts alanine, 5 parts glutamic acid, 6 parts aspartic acid, 2 parts lysine, 2 parts histidine, and 2 parts arginine.

[0041] This embodiment also proposes a method for preparing a soil conditioning fertilizer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. Weigh out the high-entropy nanomaterials, humic acid, attapulgite ore, konjac, amino acid mixture, calcium peroxide, wood ash and alkyl glycosides by weight and add them to the mixer. Mix thoroughly to ensure that the components are evenly distributed to obtain soil conditioning fertilizer. Pack the fertilizer into a sealed bag to prevent moisture absorption.

[0043] Example 3: This example proposes a soil conditioning fertilizer, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of high-entropy nanomaterials, 14 parts of humic acid, 40 parts of attapulgite ore, 2 parts of konjac, 0.4 parts of amino acid mixture, 1 part of calcium peroxide, 3 parts of wood ash, and 0.6 parts of alkyl glycoside.

[0044] The preparation method of the high-entropy nanomaterial includes the following steps:

[0045] ① Weigh 6 mmol of each of Al(NO3)3·9H2O, Mn(NO3)2⋅9H2O, Cu(NO3)2⋅6H2O, Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O and Zn(NO3)2⋅6H2O and mix them in 30 mL of ethanol. Stir for 30 min to dissolve and mix evenly to obtain a mixed ionic solution.

[0046] ② Place the mixed ionic solution prepared in step ① in an oven and dry it at 60°C for 4 h to remove ethanol and form a high-entropy oxide precursor;

[0047] ③ Evacuate the tube furnace and introduce argon to remove impurities. Place the high-entropy oxide precursor obtained in step ② on one side of the quartz tube and place the tube furnace on the other side of the quartz tube. After heating the tube furnace to 820℃, move the tube furnace to the side containing the high-entropy oxide precursor and keep the temperature at 700℃ for calcination for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide is obtained.

[0048] ④ Dissolve 1.8 mmol NaBH4 and 0.8 mmol selenium powder in 2 mL of deionized water, then add 30 mL of ethanol and mix well. Continue to add 400 mg of (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide prepared in step ③, mix well, and place in a high-pressure reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner. Transfer to an oven and heat to 146℃ for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, wash the product three times with deionized water and ethanol alternately, and then dry in a vacuum drying oven at 40℃ for 12 h to obtain high-entropy nanomaterials.

[0049] The amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts glycine, 4 parts alanine, 4 parts glutamic acid, 5 parts aspartic acid, 2 parts lysine, 1 part histidine, and 1 part arginine.

[0050] This embodiment also proposes a method for preparing a soil conditioning fertilizer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Weigh out the high-entropy nanomaterials, humic acid, attapulgite ore, konjac, amino acid mixture, calcium peroxide, wood ash and alkyl glycosides by weight and add them to the mixer. Mix thoroughly to ensure that the components are evenly distributed to obtain soil conditioning fertilizer. Pack the fertilizer into a sealed bag to prevent moisture absorption.

[0052] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example presents a soil conditioning fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 only in that it does not contain attapulgite ore and calcium peroxide. All other components, component contents, and experimental procedures are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example proposes a soil conditioning fertilizer, which differs from Example 1 only in that it does not contain high-entropy nanomaterials. All other components, component contents, and experimental steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Experimental Example 1: The microstructure of the high-entropy nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 was observed using a scanning electron microscope, and the elemental composition of the high-entropy nanomaterials was further analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

[0055] Figure 1 The image shows a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the high-entropy nanomaterials prepared in Example 1. As shown in the figure, the high-entropy nanomaterials are spherical with a diameter of approximately 500 nm. Figure 2The figure shows the XPS full spectrum of the high-entropy nanomaterial prepared in Example 1. As shown in the figure, the high-entropy nanomaterial contains Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Al and Se elements, indicating the successful preparation of the high-entropy nanomaterial.

[0056] Experiment Example 2: To verify the effects of soil conditioners on soil and crops, a planting experiment was conducted in an experimental field in Dongpo District, Meishan City. Dongpo District belongs to the subtropical humid climate zone, with mild winters, cool summers, infrequent frost and snow, distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, and rich light and temperature resources. The average annual temperature is 17.2℃, the frost-free period is 318 days, the average annual rainfall is 1057.5 mm, and the average annual sunshine duration is 1193.8 hours. Spinach grown locally in Meishan was used as the experimental subject. From December 1st to December 18th, land preparation, weeding, and plowing were carried out. On December 19th, base fertilizer was applied to the experimental field (distributed application from Experiment Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2). Spinach was sown on December 20th and harvested on April 7th of the following year. The growth status of spinach was analyzed, and traits such as plant height, root length, plant weight, and root weight were tested. The test data are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1 Test Data

[0058]

[0059] Figure 3 These are images of the spinach grown under the fertilization conditions of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2. Figure 4 These are images of spinach roots cultivated under fertilization in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, based on... Figure 3-4 As shown in Table 1, the spinach cultivated in Example 1 grew well, with a large number of leaves that were plump and healthy, and a well-developed root system with long and thick roots, indicating good growth. The spinach plants cultivated in Comparative Example 1 grew poorly, with fewer leaves that were sparse and small, and fewer roots that were long and thin, indicating poor growth. The spinach plants cultivated in Comparative Example 2 grew in a manner between that of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, indicating that high-entropy nanomaterials can effectively promote plant growth, and that attapulgite ore and calcium peroxide can further promote plant development and improve plant growth.

[0060] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and practical applications are not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and, without departing from the spirit of the invention, design similar methods and embodiments to this technical solution, all such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner fertilizer, characterized in that, The soil conditioning fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts high-entropy nanomaterials, 12-16 parts humic acid, 40-50 parts attapulgite ore, 2-4 parts konjac, 0.4-0.8 parts amino acid mixture, 1-3 parts calcium peroxide, 2-4 parts wood ash, and 0.4-0.6 parts alkyl glycosides. The preparation method of the high-entropy nanomaterial includes the following steps: ① Al(NO3)3·9H2O, Mn(NO3)2⋅9H2O, Cu(NO3)2⋅6H2O, Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O and Zn(NO3)2⋅6H2O are mixed in ethanol in equal molar proportions, stirred and dissolved until homogeneous to obtain a mixed ionic solution; ② The mixed ionic solution prepared in step ① is dried to remove ethanol, forming a high-entropy oxide precursor; ③ Evacuate the tube furnace and introduce argon to remove impurities. Place the high-entropy oxide precursor obtained in step ② on one side of the quartz tube and place the tube furnace on the other side of the quartz tube. After heating the tube furnace to 800~850℃, move the tube furnace to the side containing the high-entropy oxide precursor and keep the temperature at 700℃ for calcination for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide is obtained. ④ Dissolve NaBH4 and selenium powder in deionized water, then add ethanol and mix well. Continue to add the (AlMnCuFeZn)O high-entropy oxide prepared in step ③, mix well, and then put it into a high-pressure reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner. Heat to 140~150℃ and maintain for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, wash the product and dry to obtain high-entropy nanomaterials. The method for preparing the soil conditioning fertilizer specifically includes the following steps: S1. Weigh out the high-entropy nanomaterials, humic acid, attapulgite ore, konjac, amino acid mixture, calcium peroxide, wood ash and alkyl glycosides by weight and add them to the mixer. Mix thoroughly to ensure that the components are evenly distributed to obtain soil conditioning fertilizer. Pack the fertilizer into a sealed bag to prevent moisture absorption.

2. The soil conditioning fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amino acid mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts glycine, 4-6 parts alanine, 4-6 parts glutamic acid, 4-6 parts aspartic acid, 1-2 parts lysine, 1-2 parts histidine, and 1-2 parts arginine.

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