Electronic detonator delay time control method and system

Abstract

The invention provides an electronic detonator delay time control method and system. The method comprises the following steps: configuring delay values for all electronic detonators one by one through an exploder; a delay time calibration instruction is sent to all the electronic detonators, the total duration of a reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction is obtained through calculation, and then T0 is obtained; according to the T0, T1 is obtained through calculation; the electronic detonator receives a delay detonation instruction, # imgabs0 # is obtained through calculation based on T1, # imgabs1 # is written into a delay timer, and timing is decreased progressively; after timing of a delay timer of the electronic detonator is zero, the value of T1mod div is written into the delay timer, and timing is decreased progressively; and after the timing of the delay timer of the electronic detonator is zero, the electronic detonator is detonated. According to the invention, the delay time error caused by delay by adopting the frequency division clock is compensated, and the problem of delay time error amplification caused by only adopting the frequency division clock is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to, specifically, it relates to. More specifically, it is a method for controlling the delay time of ultra-low-power high-precision electronic detonators that can be calibrated on-site. Background Art

[0002] The delay initiation technology of electronic detonators is the core control means in the fields of blasting engineering and mining. By precisely controlling the initiation time interval, it enables highly complex operations such as directional blasting and stratified mining.

[0003] Currently, with the expansion of project scale and diversification of scenarios, traditional mechanical detonators are gradually being replaced by electronic detonators. The latter rely on digital circuits and microprocessors, capable of achieving millisecond or even microsecond-level delay accuracy, while also supporting remote networking control.

[0004] Specifically, in the prior art, delay calibration is mostly based on clock signals or external crystal oscillators; for example, the internal clock of the detonator is calibrated through standard square waves or instruction sequences to meet the time synchronization requirements of different scenarios.

[0005] However, electronic detonators need to work stably for a long time in complex electromagnetic environments and extreme temperature conditions, which poses higher requirements for the anti-interference ability, power consumption, and operation convenience of the delay control system.

[0006] Patent document CN111895868A discloses a fast and high-precision delay method for electronic detonators, which uses the method of the first instruction and the second instruction for on-site calibration of the delay time. Its calibration accuracy is lower than that of the standard square wave method of this patent, and its implementation is also slightly more complex. Moreover, its delay time is timed using a single-precision clock and cannot balance high precision and low power consumption.

[0007] Patent document CN101655339A discloses a process for setting the delay time of an electronic detonator initiation device, which uses a clock calibration instruction for delay time calibration. However, its method requires performing clock calibration on each networked detonator one by one, and the operation process is complex.

[0008] Patent document CN114264204A discloses a control system and its setting method based on the time delay of electronic detonators. The control system based on the time delay of electronic detonators includes a setting system, which consists of a setting page module, a data saving module, a data substitution module one, a data substitution module two, and a quick delay processing module. The control end of the data saving is connected to a data processing module, and a control module one and a control module two are respectively set on the two output lines of the data saving. The delay time of this solution is timed using a single-precision clock and cannot balance high precision and low power consumption.

[0009] This problem urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for controlling the delay time of electronic detonators.

[0011] A method for controlling the delay time of an electronic detonator provided by the present invention includes:

[0012] Programming step: Configure delay values for all electronic detonators one by one through the initiator;

[0013] Calibration step: Send a delay time calibration instruction to all the electronic detonators, and calculate the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, and then obtain the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, abbreviated as T0; According to T0, calculate the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay time target value specified by the delay value, abbreviated as T1;

[0014] Delay step: When the electronic detonator receives the delay detonation instruction, based on T1, calculate to obtain Write Into the delay timer, and count down; The symbol Represents rounding down; div represents the clock division multiple;

[0015] Compensation step: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, write the value of T1 mod div into the delay timer, and count down; The symbol mod represents the modulo operation;

[0016] Detonation step: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, detonate the electronic detonator.

[0017] Preferably, in the programming step, the range of the delay value is 0 to 100,000,000 microseconds.

[0018] Preferably, in the calibration step, the delay time calibration instruction carries a CRC check byte;

[0019] The mathematical expression of T0 is:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, T0 represents the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, C represents the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, the value of C is an integer power of 2, and the value range is 30,000 to 1,048,576 microseconds; Among them, the duty cycle of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction is 50%; t0 represents the period of the basic clock signal generated by the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator, and the value range is 0.1 to 33 microseconds; The symbol Denotes rounding down;

[0022] The mathematical expression of the said T1 is:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, T1 represents the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay value, and D represents the delay value.

[0025] Preferably, the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator generates a basic clock signal with a period of t0; the basic clock signal is frequency-divided to generate a frequency-divided clock signal; the period of the frequency-divided clock signal is div×t0;

[0026] In the said delay step, the delay time is written into the delay timer, and the delay timer is driven by the frequency-divided clock signal to count down.

[0027] Preferably, in the said compensation step, the value of T1 mod div is written into the delay timer, and the delay timer is driven by the basic clock signal generated by the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator to count down; the value of div is 30 to 512.

[0028] An electronic detonator delay time control system provided by the present invention includes:

[0029] Programming module: Configure the delay value for all electronic detonators one by one through the initiator;

[0030] Calibration module: Send a delay time calibration instruction to all the said electronic detonators, and calculate the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, and then obtain the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, abbreviated as T0; according to T0, calculate the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay time target value specified by the delay value, abbreviated as T1;

[0031] Delay module: After the electronic detonator receives the delay detonation instruction, based on the said T1, calculate and obtain Write Into the delay timer, and count down; the symbol Denotes rounding down; div represents the clock frequency division multiple;

[0032] Compensation module: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, write the value of T1 mod div into the delay timer, and count down; the symbol mod represents the modulo operation;

[0033] Detonation module: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, detonate the electronic detonator.

[0034] Preferably, in the programming module, the range of the delay value is 0 to 100,000,000 microseconds.

[0035] Preferably, in the calibration module, the delay time calibration instruction carries a CRC check byte;

[0036] The mathematical expression of T0 is:

[0037]

[0038] where T0 represents the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, C represents the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, the value of C is an integer power of 2, and the value range is 30,000 to 1,048,576 microseconds; where the duty cycle of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction is 50%; t0 represents the period of the basic clock signal generated by the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator, and the value range is 0.1 to 33 microseconds; the symbol represents rounding down;

[0039] The mathematical expression of T1 is:

[0040]

[0041] where T1 represents the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay value, and D represents the delay value.

[0042] Preferably, the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator generates a basic clock signal with a period of t0; the basic clock signal is frequency-divided to generate a frequency-divided clock signal; the period of the frequency-divided clock signal is div × t0;

[0043] In the delay module, the delay time is written into the delay timer, and the delay timer is driven by the frequency-divided clock signal to perform countdown timing.

[0044] Preferably, in the compensation module, the value of T1 mod div is written into the delay timer, and the delay timer is driven by the basic clock signal generated by the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator to perform countdown timing; the value of div is 30 to 512.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. By adopting a specially designed delay time calibration instruction, the present invention measures and calculates the number of internal clock cycles corresponding to the delay time target value at the detonation site, and solves the problem of inaccurate delay time caused by the internal clock deviation of the electronic detonator due to environmental factors.

[0047] 2. By adopting a divided-frequency clock signal for the first-stage delay step, the present invention greatly reduces the power consumption of the electronic detonator chip during the delay process, and solves the problem of short effective delay time under the condition of limited capacitance energy storage caused by the large energy consumption of the electronic detonator chip during the delay process.

[0048] 3. By adopting a basic clock signal for the second-stage compensation step, the present invention compensates for the delay time error caused by using a divided-frequency clock for delay, and solves the problem of amplified delay time error caused by only using a divided-frequency clock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] By reading the following detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent:

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the delay time control method provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0051] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those of ordinary skill in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] Through a specially designed broadcast calibration instruction, the present invention calibrates the delay time at the detonation site to eliminate the deviation of the internal clock oscillator of the electronic detonator caused by environmental factors. Through a specially designed calibration calculation method and a two-stage delay mechanism, it is possible to greatly reduce the power consumption during the delay process while maintaining a high-precision delay time.

[0053] The present invention provides a method for controlling the delay time of an ultra-low-power high-precision electronic detonator that can be calibrated on-site, and the applicable electronic detonator needs to have an internal clock oscillator. The clock oscillator generates a basic clock signal for delay time calibration and high-precision delay. The period of the basic clock signal is t0.

[0054] Wherein, the ultra-low power consumption means that the dynamic power consumption in the delay steps that account for the vast majority of the total delay time is reduced to 1 / div of directly using the basic clock for delay, and the high precision means that when using a divided-frequency clock with lower precision in the delay steps that account for the vast majority of the total delay time, the absolute error of the total delay time can still be controlled within one basic clock cycle.

[0055] Specifically, the specific value of t0 varies according to the uses of different models of electronic detonators and ranges from 0.1 microsecond to 33 microseconds. In an embodiment of the present invention, the value of t0 is 5 microseconds.

[0056] The basic clock signal is divided to generate a divided clock for low-power delay. The period of the divided clock is div × t0; div represents the clock division multiple, and the value of div varies according to different low-power targets required, generally ranging from 30 to 512. In an embodiment of this patent, the value of div is 256.

[0057] According to an ultra-low-power high-precision electronic detonator delay time control method provided by the present invention that can be calibrated on-site, that is, the electronic detonator delay time control method, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 includes:

[0058] Step 1: On-site programming step. The initiator sequentially sends the delay value D to all the networked electronic detonators. D is the target delay time value in microseconds, and the lower limit of its value range is 0, and the upper limit varies according to the uses of different models of electronic detonators and is usually not greater than 100,000,000 microseconds. In an embodiment of the present invention, the upper limit is 16,777,216 microseconds.

[0059] Step 2: Broadcast calibration step. The initiator broadcasts a delay time calibration instruction to all the networked electronic detonators. The delay time calibration instruction includes a reference square wave, and the total duration of this square wave is C, in microseconds. In order to enable the chip to reliably receive in a bus environment with strong interference, the delay time calibration instruction must have a CRC check byte, and it can be executed only after passing the check; and the reference square wave must be a square wave with a duty cycle of 50% to minimize its transmission error.

[0060] The specific value of C varies according to the uses of different models of electronic detonators and should satisfy that t0÷C is less than the minimum proportional error to be achieved, and the length of C should not be too long to avoid affecting on-site network communication. Additionally, for the convenience of in-chip calculation, as a preferred example, the value of C is an integer power of 2, and its value range is greater than or equal to 30,000 microseconds and less than or equal to 1,048,576 microseconds. In an embodiment of the present invention, the value of C is 131,072 microseconds.

[0061] Specifically, the value of C is pre-programmed in the electronic detonator chip.

[0062] When each electronic detonator receives the delay time calibration instruction, it uses the basic clock signal to time the total duration of the reference square wave therein to obtain the number of basic clock cycles T0 corresponding to the total duration. Since the counting result of a small-scale digital circuit can only be an integer, actually Then, each electronic detonator calculates the value, that is, the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay time target value specified by the delay value D, denoted as T1.

[0063] Step 3: Low-power delay step, i.e., the delay step. After the initiator controls all the electronic detonators in the network to complete other necessary steps before detonation, it broadcasts a delay detonation instruction to all the electronic detonators in the network.

[0064] When each electronic detonator receives the delay detonation instruction, it writes the value into the delay timer, and drives the delay timer to count down with the divided clock signal. The is the number of divided clock cycles corresponding to T1.

[0065] The power consumption is achieved by using the divided clock. The dynamic power consumption of digital circuits is proportional to the frequency. Taking the embodiment as an example, when div is 256, if only considering the dynamic power consumption, the power consumption in the delay stage of Step 3 is 1 / 256 of the power consumption in the delay stage of Step 4.

[0066] Step 4: High-precision delay step, i.e., the compensation step. After the delay timer of each electronic detonator counts to 0 in Step 3, it writes the value of T1 mod div into the delay timer, and drives the delay timer to count down with the basic clock signal.

[0067] Step 5: Detonation step. After the delay timer of each electronic detonator counts to 0 in Step 4, the electronic detonator chip in it controls the electronic detonator to detonate.

[0068] Specifically, the compensation in Step 4 for Step 3 compensates for the error generated when calculating the clock number in Step 3.

[0069] Currently, in a chip designed based on a simple digital circuit, a complex divider cannot be configured because the area of a divider with a decimal is larger than the entire chip. Therefore, the actual result of the division calculation is an integer result. In other words, the precision is lost during the division calculation itself.

[0070] The compensation is to use T1 mod div to compensate for the precision lost when T1÷div.

[0071] In the present invention, a floor function symbol is added to both arithmetic expressions for calculating division.

[0072] For example, if T1 is 10086 and div is 256, the actual delay time in Step 3 is When using the divided-frequency clock for delay, the actual delay time is 39×(256×t0) = 9984×t0, and a delay time error of 102×t0 is generated here. Therefore, for the high-precision delay in step 4, use the basic clock to delay 10086 mod 256 = 102 beats to make up for this error.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, t0 is 5 microseconds, div is 256, and C is 131,072 microseconds. For the case where the target value of the delay time is greater than 10 seconds, more than 99.99% of the time during the delay uses the divided-frequency clock with a 1 / 256 division ratio for delay, and its power consumption is reduced by more than 90% compared to using the basic clock throughout the process; while the upper limit of the proportional error of its delay time is t0÷C, and the upper limit of the absolute error is t0, and the total error does not exceed 0.01%.

[0074] For this embodiment, if D is 16,123,456 microseconds, the counted T0 is 26215, and the calculated T1 is 3,224,765. Then, the delay time in step 3 is 12,596 divided-frequency clocks, and the converted absolute time is 12,596×t0×div = 16,122,880 microseconds; the T1 mod div time for delay in step 4 is 189 basic clocks, and the converted absolute time is 945 microseconds. Specifically, the mod symbol represents the modulo operation.

[0075] The total delay time of step 3 and step 4 is 16,123,825 microseconds, and the error between it and D can be calculated as: (16,123,825 - 16,123,456)÷16,123,456 = 0.0023%.

[0076] And 16,122,880÷16,123,825 = 99.9941% of the total delay time uses the 1 / 256 divided-frequency clock, and its power consumption is significantly reduced compared to using the basic clock throughout the process.

[0077] For this embodiment, if D is 123,456 microseconds, the counted T0 is 26,215, and the calculated T1 is 24,691.

[0078] Specifically, the delay time in step 3 is 96 divided-frequency clocks, and when converted into absolute time, it is 96×t0×div = 122,880 microseconds; the T1 mod div time for delay in step 4 is 115 basic clocks, and the converted absolute time is 575 microseconds. The total delay time of step 3 and step 4 is 123,455 microseconds, and the error with D is (123,455 - 123,456)÷123,456 = -0.0008%.

[0079] For comparison, if there is no compensation for the delay error of step 4 to step 3, the total delay time is 122,880 microseconds, and the error between it and D is (122,880 - 123,456) ÷ 123,456 = -0.4666%. Obviously, the error in the case of compensation is significantly reduced compared to the case without compensation.

[0080] The present invention also provides an electronic detonator delay time control system, which can be implemented by executing the process steps of the electronic detonator delay time control method. That is, those skilled in the art can understand the electronic detonator delay time control method as a preferred implementation manner of the electronic detonator delay time control system.

[0081] An electronic detonator delay time control system according to the present invention includes:

[0082] Programming module: Configure delay values for all electronic detonators one by one through the initiator;

[0083] Calibration module: Send a delay time calibration instruction to all the electronic detonators, and calculate the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, and then obtain the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, abbreviated as T0; according to T0, calculate the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay time target value specified by the delay value, abbreviated as T1;

[0084] Delay module: When the electronic detonator receives the delay detonation instruction, based on T1, calculate to obtain Write Into the delay timer, and count down; the symbol Represents rounding down; div represents the clock division multiple;

[0085] Compensation module: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, write the value of T1 mod div into the delay timer, and count down; the symbol mod represents the modulo operation;

[0086] Detonation module: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, detonate the electronic detonator.

[0087] Those skilled in the art know that, in addition to implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in the form of pure computer-readable program code, the method steps can be logically programmed to enable the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention to be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc., to achieve the same functions. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be considered as a kind of hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be regarded as the structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for implementing various functions can also be regarded as either software modules for implementing the method or structures within the hardware component.

[0088] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. An electronic detonator delay time control method, characterized in that, Including: Programming step: Configure delay values for all electronic detonators one by one through the initiator. Calibration step: Send a delay time calibration instruction to all the electronic detonators, and calculate the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, and then obtain the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, abbreviated as T0; According to T0, calculate the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay time target value specified by the delay value, abbreviated as T1. Delay step: When the electronic detonator receives the delay detonation instruction, based on T1, it calculates and obtains and writes to the delay timer and decrements the count; the symbol represents rounding down. div represents the clock division multiple. Compensation step: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, write the value of T1 mod div into the delay timer and count down; The symbol mod represents the modulo operation. Initiation step: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, initiate the electronic detonator.

2. The electronic detonator delay time control method according to claim 1, wherein In the programming step, the range of the delay value is 0 to 100,000,000 microseconds.

3. The electronic detonator delay time control method according to claim 1, wherein In the calibration step, the delay time calibration instruction carries a CRC check byte. The mathematical expression of T0 is: Among them, T0 represents the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, C represents the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, the value of C is an integer power of 2, and the value range is 30,000 to 1,048,576 microseconds; among them, the duty cycle of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction is 50%; t0 represents the period of the basic clock signal generated by the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator, and the value range is 0.1 to 33 microseconds; the symbol represents rounding down; The mathematical expression of T1 is: Wherein, T1 represents the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay value, and D represents the delay value.

4. The electronic detonator delay time control method according to claim 1, wherein The clock oscillator of the electronic detonator generates a basic clock signal with a period of t0. Perform frequency division on the basic clock signal to generate a frequency-divided clock signal. The period of the frequency-divided clock signal is div × t0. In the delay step, write the delay time into the delay timer, and drive the delay timer to count down through the frequency-divided clock signal.

5. The electronic detonator delay time control method according to claim 1, wherein In the compensation step, write the value of T1 mod div into the delay timer, and drive the delay timer to count down through the basic clock signal generated by the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator; The value of div is 30 to 512.

6. An electronic detonator delay time control system, characterized in that, Including: Programming module: Configure delay values for all electronic detonators one by one through the initiator. Calibration module: Send a delay time calibration instruction to all the electronic detonators, and calculate the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, and then obtain the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, abbreviated as T0. According to T0, calculate the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay time target value specified by the delay value, abbreviated as T1. Delay module: When the electronic detonator receives a delay detonation instruction, based on T1, it calculates and obtains to write into the delay timer and decrement the count; the symbol represents rounding down; div represents the clock division multiple; Compensation module: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, write the value of T1 mod div into the delay timer and count down; The symbol mod represents the modulo operation. Initiation module: After the delay timer of the electronic detonator counts down to zero, initiate the electronic detonator.

7. The electronic detonator delay time control system according to claim 6, wherein In the programming module, the range of the delay value is 0 to 100,000,000 microseconds.

8. The electronic detonator delay time control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the calibration module, the delay time calibration instruction carries a CRC check byte. The mathematical expression of T0 is: Among them, T0 represents the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the total duration, C represents the total duration of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction, the value of C is an integer power of 2, and the value range is 30,000 to 1,048,576 microseconds; among them, the duty cycle of the reference square wave of the delay time calibration instruction is 50%; t0 represents the period of the basic clock signal generated by the clock oscillator of the electronic detonator, and the value range is 0.1 to 33 microseconds; the symbol represents rounding down; The mathematical expression of T1 is: Wherein, T1 represents the number of basic clock cycles corresponding to the delay value, and D represents the delay value.

9. The electronic detonator delay time control system according to claim 6, wherein, The clock oscillator of the electronic detonator generates a basic clock signal with a period of t0. Perform frequency division on the basic clock signal to generate a frequency-divided clock signal. The period of the frequency-divided clock signal is div × t0. In the delay module, the delay time is written into a delay timer, and the delay timer is driven by a frequency-divided clock signal to perform countdown timing.

10. The electronic detonator delay time control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the compensation module, the value of T1mod div is written into the delay timer, and the delay timer is driven by a basic clock signal generated by a clock oscillator of an electronic detonator to perform countdown timing; the value of div is 30 to 512.

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