One-way charging and standby power control method and system for power conversion cabinet and base station

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-way charging and standby power control method and system for a battery replacement cabinet and a base station, and the method comprises the steps: detecting the residual capacity proportion of a storage battery in the battery replacement cabinet, and carrying out the stepped charging and standby power control according to the residual capacity proportion when the commercial power is powered off; when the residual capacity proportion is larger than or equal to a first proportion threshold value, the storage battery outputs standby power to the base station through the one-way charging and standby power module, and the number of grids for forbidding battery replacement is set; when the residual capacity proportion is larger than or equal to the second proportion threshold value and smaller than the first proportion threshold value, the storage battery outputs standby power to the base station through the one-way charging standby power module, and battery replacement is forbidden; and after the commercial power is recovered, the one-way charging and standby power module is switched into a charging mode to charge the storage battery. According to the invention, the power conversion batteries of the power conversion cabinets can be mixed or used for standby power of the base station equipment; the base station battery configuration capacity can be saved or no base station battery needs to be configured, and the investment cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery swapping cabinets, and in particular to a unidirectional charging and power backup control method and system for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station. Background Art

[0002] The 5G mobile communication technology has been greatly improved in terms of key network indicators, and the performance improvement will drive the rapid development of network services. And the global has entered the commercial stage, which requires the construction of a large number of 5G base stations. Since the transmission distance of 5G signals is relatively short, more base stations need to be built than 4G. Therefore, 5G base stations are usually densely deployed base stations. However, 5G base stations consume much more power than 4G base stations. If cables are directly re-laid and cover the whole city, it will bring a very large power supply investment. Battery swapping cabinets are very common in the city and are spread throughout the city. However, battery swapping cabinets are not frequently used and have a large utilization space. Therefore, if these battery swapping cabinets can be fully utilized during the construction of 5G base stations, the construction cost will be greatly reduced. In the prior art, the battery swapping cabinet is independent of the base station and is deployed beside the base station. The battery of the battery swapping cabinet is charged by introducing commercial power outside the base station, and no power supply or power backup is provided for the base station. The power backup of the base station is provided by a switch power supply configured with a storage battery for the base station equipment. The storage battery of the battery swapping cabinet and the storage battery for the traditional base station power backup are independent of each other and perform their respective functions. The idle power of the battery swapping cabinet cannot be fully utilized, and the base station still needs to use a storage battery for power backup, which increases the cost of base station layout.

[0003] In the "Power Backup Control Method, Device, Battery Swapping Cabinet Power System and Control Unit" disclosed in the Chinese patent literature, with the publication number CN118199240A and the publication date of June 14, 2024, by monitoring the bus voltage of the DC bus, when the bus voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, some or all non-power backup DC / DC units are hierarchically turned off according to different shutdown strategies, and / or some or all of the power backup DC / DC units are hierarchically controlled to supply power in reverse according to different reverse power supply strategies, and it is possible to provide power backup for the control unit for a long time by turning off non-power backup DC / DC units and / or controlling the reverse power supply of power backup DC / DC units, effectively extending the reliable power backup time of the battery swapping cabinet power system, improving the maintainability of the system, and enhancing the usage experience of battery swapping users. This technology only improves the working stability of the independent battery swapping cabinet itself and cannot fully utilize the idle power of the battery swapping cabinet to provide power backup for the base station. The base station still needs to use a storage battery for power backup, which increases the cost of base station layout. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the idle power of the battery swapping cabinet cannot be fully utilized and the base station still needs to use a storage battery for power backup, which increases the cost of base station layout, and provides a unidirectional charging and power backup control method and system for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A unidirectional charging and power supply control method for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station, comprising: Detect the remaining capacity ratio of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet, and perform stepped charging and power supply control according to the remaining capacity ratio when the mains power fails; when the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold, the battery outputs power to the base station through the unidirectional charging and power supply module, and set the number of grids where battery swapping is prohibited; When the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the second ratio threshold and less than the first ratio threshold, the battery outputs power to the base station through the unidirectional charging and power supply module and prohibits battery swapping; After the mains power is restored, switch to the charging mode through the unidirectional charging and power supply module to charge the battery.

[0006] In the present invention, the battery of the battery swapping cabinet and the backup battery of the base station can coexist, and different manufacturers, different capacities, different types, and different rated voltages can be mixed; a control method for allowing or prohibiting battery swapping and backup power supply of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet under the condition of power failure of the external mains power is set, and at the same time, the battery swapping and backup power supply services are provided synchronously or independently, ensuring that both battery backup and battery swapping are not affected, and both battery backup and battery swapping bring relatively considerable business benefits and growth; with unidirectional step-down charging of the battery and base station backup power management technology and functions, rich charging modes and refined backup power management; a control method that can be applied step by step to the backup power supply service can be directly used in echelons and generate backup power supply service income until it is judged that the battery is scrapped. Using the present invention, it is possible to mix or use the battery swapping battery of the battery swapping cabinet to supply power to the base station equipment; it is possible to save the configuration capacity of the base station battery or eliminate the need to configure the base station battery, reducing the investment cost; in the case of power failure of the mains power, battery swapping is prohibited, but the backup power supply service can be started, achieving the purpose of protecting the battery and saving investment in the backup power supply configuration of the base station.

[0007] Preferably, when the remaining capacity ratio is less than the third ratio threshold, the battery swapping and backup power supply of the battery are prohibited, and at the same time, a warning for battery recycling and replacement is given; the third ratio threshold is less than the second ratio threshold.

[0008] Preferably, the battery outputs power to the base station through the unidirectional charging and power supply module, including: The unidirectional charging and power supply module switches from the charging mode to the backup power supply mode, and the battery outputs power to the base station through the step-down of the unidirectional charging and power supply module; When a low voltage warning occurs for the battery during the backup power supply process, the unidirectional charging and power supply module switches to the charging mode and waits for the mains power to be restored.

[0009] Preferably, the number of grids where battery swapping is prohibited is the ceiling of the power consumption of the base station within the power outage duration divided by the average remaining capacity of the battery in a single grid; The power consumption of the base station is the product of the average power consumption of the base station and the power outage duration; the average remaining capacity of the single-grid battery is the average value of the remaining capacities of the batteries in each grid.

[0010] Preferably, the detection of the remaining capacity ratio of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet includes: Detect the remaining capacity and the actual voltage value of the battery in each grid, and the product of the two is used as the first product; multiply the capacity parameter of the same battery by the rated voltage value as the second product; divide the first product by the second product to obtain the remaining capacity ratio of the battery.

[0011] Preferably, in the backup power mode, if there are several battery packs in the battery, the base station is powered by the battery packs in order from the highest actual voltage to the lowest until the voltages of all battery packs are the same, and then they are discharged together until a low voltage alarm occurs.

[0012] A one-way charging and backup power control system for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station, including a battery swapping cabinet and a base station. The battery swapping cabinet includes several grids and several one-way charging and backup power modules; each grid has a uniquely corresponding one-way charging and backup power module, and the one-way charging and backup power module is electrically connected to the base station switching power supply through the interface module on the battery swapping cabinet.

[0013] Preferably, the one-way charging and backup power module includes a first switching unit, a buck conversion unit, and a second switching unit connected in sequence; the grid includes a charger and a battery; The first switching unit includes a first input terminal connected to the charger and a second connection terminal connected to the battery; the second switching unit includes a third output terminal connected to the base station switching power supply.

[0014] Preferably, when the first input terminal is connected to the second connection terminal and the second connection terminal is disconnected from the third output terminal, the one-way charging and backup power module is in the charging mode; When the first input terminal is disconnected from the second connection terminal and the second connection terminal is connected to the third output terminal, the one-way charging and backup power module is in the backup power mode.

[0015] Preferably, the one-way charging and backup power module further includes a monitoring unit, which identifies the voltage of the corresponding battery and sends it to the control module of the battery swapping cabinet to adjust the output voltage of the charger to the battery. The voltages of the batteries in different grids are different, and the one-way charging and backup power module can reduce different voltages to the same voltage as the base station switching power supply.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The replacement batteries of the battery replacement cabinet are different in structure, capacity, manufacturer, and output voltage from the backup batteries of the base station, and cannot be directly compatible with each other. However, by using the present invention, it is possible to mix and use them, or use the replacement batteries of the battery replacement cabinet to supply power to the base station equipment; it can save the capacity of the base station battery configuration or eliminate the need to configure base station batteries, reducing the investment cost; in the event of a power outage of the commercial power, battery replacement is prohibited, but the backup power supply service can be started, achieving the purpose of protecting the battery and saving investment for the base station backup power supply configuration; according to the type of commercial power, for the first-class commercial power, the power outage does not exceed 1 time per month, and each power outage lasts no more than half an hour. The battery capacity of the battery replacement cabinet has basically met the requirements. There is no need to configure large-capacity batteries for the base station, which are rarely used and idle all year round, reducing resource waste; only an additional one-way charging and backup power module needs to be installed for connection, which is fast, convenient, and the solution is simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the one-way charging and backup power control method for the battery replacement cabinet and the base station in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 is a control flowchart when the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 is a control flowchart when the remaining capacity ratio is less than the first ratio threshold in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the one-way charging and backup power control system for the battery replacement cabinet and the base station in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 is another schematic diagram of the one-way charging and backup power control system for the battery replacement cabinet and the base station in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, a one-way charging and backup power control method for a battery replacement cabinet and a base station includes: Detect the remaining capacity ratio of the storage battery in the battery replacement cabinet, and perform stepped charging and backup power control according to the remaining capacity ratio when the commercial power fails; when the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold, the storage battery outputs power to the base station backup through the one-way charging and backup power module, and set the number of grids where battery replacement is prohibited; When the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the second ratio threshold and less than the first ratio threshold, the storage battery outputs power to the base station backup through the one-way charging and backup power module and prohibits battery replacement; After the commercial power is restored, switch to the charging mode through the one-way charging and backup power module to charge the storage battery.

[0024] It should be noted that the storage batteries of the battery swapping cabinet and the backup power storage batteries of the base station in the present invention can coexist, and batteries from different manufacturers, with different capacities, different types, and different rated voltages can be mixed; a control method for allowing or prohibiting battery swapping and backup power supply of the storage battery in the battery swapping cabinet under the condition of power failure of the external power grid is provided. At the same time, the battery swapping and backup power supply services are synchronized and can also be independent of each other, ensuring that both the backup power supply and battery swapping are not affected, and both the backup power supply and battery swapping bring relatively considerable business revenues and growth; it has a unidirectional step-down charging and base station backup power management technology and functions for the storage battery, with rich charging modes and refined backup power management; it can have a control method applied to the backup power supply service in a stepped manner, and can directly utilize in a stepped manner and generate income from the backup power supply service until it is determined that the storage battery is scrapped. By using the present invention, it is possible to mix or use the battery swapping batteries of the battery swapping cabinet to supply backup power to the base station equipment; it is possible to save the configuration capacity of the base station battery or eliminate the need to configure the base station battery, reducing the investment cost; in the case of power failure of the commercial power, battery swapping is prohibited, but the backup power supply service can be started, achieving the purpose of protecting the battery and saving investment in the backup power supply configuration of the base station.

[0025] Specifically, when the system detects a power failure of the commercial power, if the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold (which can be set to 80% or other values determined according to needs), the unidirectional charging and backup power supply module of the storage battery switches to the backup power supply mode, cuts off the connection with the battery charger of the battery swapping cabinet, connects the output port to the 48V busbar of the base station switch power supply, switches to step-down output of the storage battery of the battery swapping cabinet to supply backup power to the base station equipment, and at the same time sends a signal to the control module of the battery swapping cabinet not to allow the opening of the battery boxes in M grids to swap batteries. The grids where battery swapping is not prohibited can allow battery swapping, and a signal is sent to the charging management module to turn off the output of the charger.

[0026] If the remaining capacity ratio is compared with the first ratio threshold (which can be set to 80%) and is greater than or equal to the second ratio threshold (which can be set to 60% or other values less than the first ratio threshold), the unidirectional charging and backup power supply module switches to the backup power supply mode, cuts off the connection with the battery charger of the battery swapping cabinet, connects the output port to the 48V busbar of the base station switch power supply, switches the step-down output of the storage battery of the battery swapping cabinet to supply backup power to the base station equipment, and at the same time sends a signal to the control system not to allow the opening of the battery boxes in all grids, and a signal is sent to the charging management unit to turn off the output of the battery charger of the battery swapping cabinet. If the battery has a low voltage alarm, low voltage power-off protection is performed, and the unidirectional charging and backup power supply module switches to the charging mode and waits for the commercial power to recover.

[0027] When the system detects the restoration of the mains power, the single-way charging and backup power module switches to the charging mode, connects to the battery charger of the battery swapping cabinet, and disconnects the connection between the output port and the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The battery charger of the battery swapping cabinet cuts off the connection with the busbar of the base station switching power supply, and the single-way charging and backup power module cuts off the connection with the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The system sends a signal to require the charger to set the equalizing charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to step down and output to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet for equalizing charge. If the charging capacity of the battery does not reach the set ratio of the preset capacity (such as 80%), the door lock of the battery swapping cabinet cannot be unlocked by scanning the code; if the charging capacity of the battery is greater than or equal to the set ratio of the preset capacity (such as 80%), the door lock of the battery swapping cabinet automatically resumes the function of allowing scanning the code to open the box and replace the battery; if the battery is fully charged, the system sends a signal to require the charger to set the floating charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to step down and output to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet for floating charge.

[0028] Further, when the remaining capacity ratio is less than the third ratio threshold, the battery swapping and backup power of the battery are prohibited, and at the same time, an alarm for recycling and replacing the battery is carried out; the third ratio threshold is less than the second ratio threshold.

[0029] It should be noted that for the stepped control of charging and backup power according to the remaining capacity ratio of the battery, the set ratio thresholds are the first ratio threshold, the second ratio threshold, and the third ratio threshold in descending order. When the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold, the operations of battery swapping and backup power are allowed; when the remaining capacity ratio is less than the first ratio threshold, the battery swapping operation is prohibited. On this basis, if the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the second ratio threshold, the backup power operation is allowed, and if it is less than the second ratio threshold, the backup power and battery swapping operations cannot be carried out, but it can be used for the battery swapping cabinet itself; until the remaining capacity ratio is less than the third ratio threshold (which can be set to 50% or other values less than the second ratio threshold), the battery swapping and backup power are prohibited, and the system prompts to replace the battery and recycle and crush it for scrapping.

[0030] Further, in the backup power mode, if there are several battery packs in the battery, the base station is powered by backup in order from high to low according to the actual voltage of the battery packs until the voltages of all battery packs are the same, and then they are discharged together until a low voltage alarm appears.

[0031] It should be noted that there are several grids in the battery swapping cabinet, and a battery is correspondingly set in each grid. In actual situations, the battery in a grid is generally a battery pack composed of several battery packs. Due to various factors such as environmental factors and different usage times, there will be differences in the actual voltages of the battery packs in the same battery. To ensure the final voltage consistency, the base station equipment is powered by backup according to the priority level of the actual voltage of the battery packs from high to low, that is, the high-voltage battery packs are discharged first until the voltages of all battery packs are the same, and then they are started to be discharged together until the battery is under low voltage protection.

[0032] As a specific embodiment, the battery outputs power to the base station standby power supply through a unidirectional charging and standby power supply module, including: The unidirectional charging and standby power supply module switches from the charging mode to the standby power supply mode, and the battery outputs power to the base station standby power supply through the step-down of the unidirectional charging and standby power supply module; When the battery issues a low-voltage warning during the standby power supply process, the unidirectional charging and standby power supply module switches to the charging mode and waits for the mains power to resume.

[0033] It should be noted that since the present invention performs stepped control of charging and standby power supply according to the remaining capacity ratio of the battery, the process of the battery outputting power to the base station standby power supply through the unidirectional charging and standby power supply module needs to be described separately according to different remaining capacity ratios. When the remaining capacity ratio is less than the first ratio threshold, the battery swapping operation is prohibited. On this basis, if the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the second ratio threshold, the standby power supply operation is allowed. If it is less than the second ratio threshold, the standby power supply and battery swapping operations cannot be performed, but it can be used for the battery swapping cabinet itself.

[0034] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown is the control flow chart in the case where the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold. First, detect the remaining capacity ratio of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet. The purpose of detecting the remaining capacity ratio is to determine whether the battery can work normally and perform subsequent operations such as battery swapping, standby power supply, and charging according to the actual situation of the battery. In this instance where it is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold, detect the actual voltage of the battery and obtain the power outage duration and relevant power outage information after the mains power outage (the detected data is mainly used for the calculation of the prohibited battery swapping grid number and the update calculation of the remaining capacity ratio).

[0035] Judge whether there is a mains power outage. If there is no mains power outage, the battery still remains in the charging mode. The unidirectional charging and standby power supply module of the battery turns on the charging function of the first switching unit and turns off the standby power supply function of the second switching unit. The unidirectional charging and standby power supply module enters the charging mode, connects to the charger of the battery swapping cabinet, disconnects the output port from the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply, the charger of the battery swapping cabinet disconnects from the busbar of the base station switching power supply, and the unidirectional charging and standby power supply module disconnects from the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The system sends a signal to require the charger to set the equalizing charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to step down and output to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet for equalizing charge. If the charging capacity of the battery does not reach 80% of the preset capacity, the door lock of the battery swapping cabinet cannot be unlocked by scanning the code; if the battery charging capacity is greater than or equal to 80% of the preset capacity, the door lock of the battery swapping cabinet automatically resumes the function of allowing scanning the code to open the box and replace the battery; if the battery is fully charged, the system sends a signal to require the charger to set the floating charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to step down and output to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet for floating charge.

[0036] If there is a power outage of the commercial power, the battery single-way charging and backup power module will turn off the charging function of the first switching unit and turn on the backup power function of the second switching unit. The single-way charging and backup power module enters the backup power mode, cuts off the connection with the battery charger of the battery swapping cabinet, connects the output port to the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply, switches to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet to step down and output power to the base station equipment for backup power. At the same time, a signal is sent to the control system not to allow the opening of the battery swapping cabinets in M grids (the number of grids M where battery swapping is prohibited can be set according to specific needs). The grids where battery swapping is not prohibited are allowed to swap batteries, and the system sends a signal to the charging management module to turn off the output of the charger. During the backup power process, it is judged whether the voltage of the battery has reached the low voltage warning state. If so, it enters the low voltage power-off protection mode. The single-way charging and backup power module turns on the charging function of the first switching unit and turns off the backup power function of the second switching unit. The single-way charging and backup power module enters the charging mode and waits for the commercial power to resume. If not, it continues to perform backup power until the commercial power resumes.

[0037] After the commercial power resumes, the battery enters the charging mode. The battery single-way charging and backup power module turns on the charging function of the first switching unit and turns off the backup power function of the second switching unit. The single-way charging and backup power module enters the charging mode, connects to the battery charger of the battery swapping cabinet, and disconnects the output port from the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The battery charger of the battery swapping cabinet cuts off the connection with the busbar of the base station switching power supply, and the single-way charging and backup power module cuts off the connection with the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The system sends a signal to require the charger to set the equalizing charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to step down and output to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet for equalizing charge.

[0038] If the battery has not reached the full charge state (it can be 100% full, or a set ratio of a preset capacity, such as 80%), then the charging continues and the door lock of the battery swapping cabinet cannot be unlocked by scanning the code. If the charging capacity of the battery is greater than or equal to the set ratio of the preset capacity, the door lock of the battery swapping cabinet automatically resumes the function of allowing the battery to be swapped by scanning the code to open the box. If the battery is fully charged, the system sends a signal to require the charger to set the floating charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to step down and output to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet for floating charge.

[0039] Further, as Figure 3 shown is the control flow chart in the case where the remaining capacity ratio is less than the first ratio threshold. First, the remaining capacity ratio of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet is detected. In this example, when the remaining capacity ratio is less than the third ratio threshold, the battery swapping and backup power of the battery are prohibited, and at the same time, an alarm for battery recycling and replacement is carried out.

[0040] In this example, when it is greater than or equal to the second ratio threshold and less than the first ratio threshold, the actual voltage of the battery is detected, and the power outage duration and relevant power outage information after the commercial power outage are obtained.

[0041] Determine whether there is a power outage of the mains power. If there is no power outage of the mains power, the storage battery remains in the charging mode. The single-way charging and backup power module of the storage battery turns on the charging function of the first switching unit and turns off the backup power function of the second switching unit. The single-way charging and backup power module enters the charging mode, connects to the charger of the battery swapping cabinet, and disconnects the output port from the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The charger of the battery swapping cabinet cuts off the connection with the busbar of the base station switching power supply, and the single-way charging and backup power module cuts off the connection with the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The system sends a signal to require the charger to set the equalizing charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to be stepped down and output to the storage battery of the battery swapping cabinet for equalizing charge. If the battery is fully charged, the system sends a signal to require the charger to set the floating charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to be stepped down and output to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet for floating charge.

[0042] If there is a power outage of the mains power, the single-way charging and backup power module of the storage battery turns off the charging function of the first switching unit and turns on the backup power function of the second switching unit. The single-way charging and backup power module enters the backup power mode, cuts off the connection with the charger of the battery swapping cabinet, connects the output port to the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply, switches to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet to step down and output power to the base station equipment for backup power, and at the same time sends a signal to the control system to lock the grid to prohibit battery swapping. The system sends a signal to the charging management module to turn off the output of the charger. During the backup power process, determine whether the voltage of the storage battery has reached the low voltage warning state. If so, enter the low voltage power-off protection mode. The single-way charging and backup power module turns on the charging function of the first switching unit and turns off the backup power function of the second switching unit. The single-way charging and backup power module enters the charging mode and waits for the mains power to recover; if not, continue the backup power until the mains power recovers.

[0043] After the mains power recovers, the storage battery enters the charging mode. The single-way charging and backup power module of the storage battery turns on the charging function of the first switching unit and turns off the backup power function of the second switching unit. The single-way charging and backup power module enters the charging mode, connects to the charger of the battery swapping cabinet, and disconnects the output port from the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The charger of the battery swapping cabinet cuts off the connection with the busbar of the base station switching power supply, and the single-way charging and backup power module cuts off the connection with the 48V busbar of the base station switching power supply. The system sends a signal to require the charger to set the equalizing charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to be stepped down and output to the storage battery of the battery swapping cabinet for equalizing charge. If the battery is fully charged, the system sends a signal to require the charger to set the floating charge voltage of 60V / 72V / 84V to be stepped down and output to the battery of the battery swapping cabinet for floating charge.

[0044] As a specific embodiment, detecting the remaining capacity ratio of the storage battery in the battery swapping cabinet includes: Detect the remaining capacity and the actual voltage value of the storage battery in each grid, and multiply the two to obtain the first product; multiply the capacity parameter and the rated voltage value of the same storage battery to obtain the second product; divide the first product by the second product to obtain the remaining capacity ratio of the storage battery.

[0045] Specifically, the present invention supports the detection of the remaining capacity ratio, and gives the remaining capacity ratio and corresponding status of battery replacement and standby elevator utilization according to the algorithm results. The system measures the remaining capacity Qh1, …, Qhn of the storage batteries in n grids respectively, measures the actual voltage Uh1, …, Uhn of the storage batteries in n grids respectively, sets the capacity parameters Qc1, …, Qcn and rated voltage values Uc1, …, Ucn of the storage batteries in each grid. The system calculates the remaining capacity ratio yi = (Qhi * Uhi) / (Qci * Uci). The system sets the relationship between the battery replacement and standby status and the remaining capacity ratio y in each grid. After calculation, if y ≥ 80%, battery replacement is allowed; if y < 80%, battery replacement is prohibited; if y ≥ 60%, standby power is allowed; if y < 50%, standby power is prohibited and a prompt to replace the battery is given.

[0046] It should be noted that the remaining capacity ratio of each storage battery is calculated separately here, and each storage battery is judged independently as an individual. Therefore, in the same battery replacement cabinet, the storage batteries in several grids can have various storage batteries in different remaining capacity ratio threshold ranges at the same time.

[0047] Furthermore, the number of grids where battery replacement is prohibited is the ceiling of the power consumption of the base station during the power outage duration divided by the average remaining capacity of the storage batteries in a single grid; The power consumption of the base station is the product of the average power consumption of the base station and the power outage duration; the average remaining capacity of the storage batteries in a single grid is the average value of the remaining capacity of the storage batteries in each grid.

[0048] It should be noted that based on the fact that the remaining capacity ratios of the storage batteries in different grids in the same battery replacement cabinet can be in different remaining capacity ratio threshold ranges, that is, the remaining capacity ratios of the storage batteries in some grids are greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold, some are between the first ratio threshold and the second ratio threshold, and some are between the second ratio threshold and the third ratio threshold or less than the third ratio threshold. Since only the storage batteries with a remaining capacity ratio greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold can be replaced, the number of grids M where battery replacement is prohibited corresponds to selecting M grids from the grids where the storage batteries that can be replaced are located and prohibiting battery replacement.

[0049] Specifically, the system can communicate with the power private network through protocol interfaces such as optical fiber, wireless, intelligent communication, or OpenAPI to obtain power outage information, including the power outage and restoration times, the duration of the power outage, the power outage area / section, etc. The duration of the power outage is h2. The system obtains the total DC power consumption P01, …, P0n or P11, …, P0m of the base station load returned by the base station switch power supply or the base station monitoring FSU and calculates the average power consumption Pavg by listing. Calculate the power consumption of the base station Qr = Pavg * h2, calculate the remaining capacity of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet Qyi = Uhi * Qhi, calculate the average value Qy-avg of the remaining capacity of the single-grid battery in n grids, and perform a roundup function calculation on the real-time calculated value Qr and Qy-avg. M = roundup(Qr / Qy-avg, 0) to obtain the number of battery groups M provided by the battery in the battery swapping cabinet for backup power, which is the number of battery grids where battery swapping is prohibited.

[0050] Such as Figure 4 And 5 A unidirectional charging and backup power control system for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station, including a battery swapping cabinet and a base station. The battery swapping cabinet includes several grids and several unidirectional charging and backup power modules; each grid has a uniquely corresponding unidirectional charging and backup power module, and the unidirectional charging and backup power module is electrically connected to the base station switch power supply through an interface module on the battery swapping cabinet.

[0051] It should be noted that the system consists of multiple unidirectional charging and backup power modules, interface modules, charging management modules, and the original battery swapping cabinet equipment, etc. The unidirectional charging and backup power module consists of a unidirectional step-down DC conversion unit, a monitoring unit, a switching unit, etc.; the interface module connects the unidirectional charging and backup power module, the base station switch power supply, the charger in the battery swapping cabinet, the battery in the battery swapping cabinet, the AC power distribution module in the battery swapping cabinet, the system power supply in the battery swapping cabinet, the control module in the battery swapping cabinet, the charging management module in the battery swapping cabinet, etc.; the hollow arrows in the figure indicate communication connections, the solid arrows indicate the power supply current in the battery swapping cabinet, and the dashed arrows indicate the external AC power supply. The unidirectional charging and backup power module steps down and outputs 48V (lead-acid battery) / 51.2V (lithium battery), supports mains power failure detection, supports the function of switching between charging and backup power modes, and supports the function of mixing and paralleling with old batteries.

[0052] It is worth noting that the system has an AC mains input interface, a 48V output interface for base station backup power, an intelligent communication interface, a wireless communication interface, etc. The system has the function of communicating with the base station switch power supply; has the function of wireless communication; has the function of local and remote operation and monitoring. The system has the function of communicating with the control module and the charging management module in the battery swapping cabinet. The system is connected to the system power supply in the battery swapping cabinet and provides power for the control module, charging management module, camera module, display screen, grid lock group, etc. in the battery swapping cabinet in the case of external mains power failure or no external mains power access.

[0053] Furthermore, the system supports step-down conversion output of the battery pack from 60V to 84V to provide backup power and discharge management for the base station. The system supports battery charging management and has fast charging, stepped charging, and slow charging functions; the output of the battery charger is adjustable, and the output can be set to three rated voltages, and the battery can be charged according to the fast charging, stepped charging, and slow charging modes. The system supports detection of the actual voltage value of the battery. The rated voltage value of the connected battery can be set to U0, and the system monitors the busbar voltage U1, …, Un in real time. After algorithm analysis, the average voltage Uavg is obtained. U0 ± ΔU ≈ Uavg indicates that the setting matches the actually connected battery, where ΔU is the deviation value. For example, if ΔU is taken as 0.5V, the battery replacement or backup power process is started; otherwise, it is prompted that the battery does not match and reconfiguration is required. The system supports AC mains input and its power failure detection function. The system can communicate with the base station monitoring FSU through the intelligent communication interface, and the system parameters can be set locally and remotely and the real-time monitoring indicators can be obtained.

[0054] Furthermore, the grid includes a charger and a battery; the charger of the battery replacement cabinet supports communication with the charging management module, monitoring unit, and unidirectional charging and backup power module of the battery replacement cabinet. The charger of the battery replacement cabinet is an AC / DC step-down conversion module, which can receive the signal of the unidirectional charging and backup power module and adjust the voltage for step-down output according to the floating charge signal and equalizing charge signal.

[0055] As a specific embodiment, the unidirectional charging and backup power module includes a first switching unit, a buck conversion unit, and a second switching unit connected in sequence; the first switching unit includes a first input end connected to the charger and a second connection end connected to the battery; the second switching unit includes a third output end connected to the base station switching power supply. The unidirectional charging and backup power module also includes a monitoring unit, which identifies the voltage of the corresponding connected battery and sends it to the control module of the battery replacement cabinet to adjust the output voltage of the charger to the battery; the voltages of the batteries in different grids are different, and the unidirectional charging and backup power module can reduce different voltages to the same voltage as the base station switching power supply.

[0056] It should be noted that the unidirectional charging and backup power module is composed of a unidirectional step-down DC conversion unit, a monitoring unit, a switching unit, etc. For step-down dynamic output, the battery voltages of 60V, 72V, and 84V are reduced to be consistent with the busbar voltage of the base station switching power supply system. A single module is connected to a single group of batteries, and the batteries connected to each module can be of different voltages, different capacities, and a mixture of old and new batteries of different periods can be connected for use. It has a battery charging input interface, a charging output stage backup power input interface, a backup power output port, a communication interface, and an AC mains power failure detection input interface, and is connected to the charger of the battery in the battery replacement cabinet.

[0057] It should be noted that the single-way charging and backup power module supports functions such as AC power transmission power-off detection, backup power management, charging and backup power mode switching, single-way DC buck conversion, and 48V bus voltage detection. When the battery is connected to the module, the module can identify the voltage type input by the battery and send data information to the control system of the battery swapping cabinet to inform the voltage value and type of the battery. The control system will send a drive signal to adjust the output voltage value of the charger. It supports communication with the base station switch power supply, base station monitoring FSU, control system of the battery swapping cabinet, charging management of the battery swapping cabinet, and charger of the battery in the battery swapping cabinet, and can be applied as an independent module. It supports rail-mounted, embedded, and wall-mounted installation methods.

[0058] Furthermore, when the first input terminal is connected to the second connection terminal and the second connection terminal is disconnected from the third output terminal, the single-way charging and backup power module is in the charging mode; when the first input terminal is disconnected from the second connection terminal and the second connection terminal is connected to the third output terminal, the single-way charging and backup power module is in the backup power mode.

[0059] Specifically, when the mains power fails, the single-way charging and backup power module switches to the backup power (i.e., Figure 5 K1-1 in Figure 5 is opened, and K1-2 and K2 are closed) mode, that is, the connection with the charger is cut off, the connection between the output port and the base station switch power supply bus bar is connected, and the battery swapping cabinet supplies power to the base station equipment. The door lock of the battery swapping cabinet does not allow scanning the code to open the box to change the battery; when the mains power is restored, the single-way charging and backup power module switches to the charging (i.e.,

[0060] K1-1 in

[0061] is closed, and K1-2 and K2 are opened) mode, that is, the connection between the battery and the charger is connected, the connection between the output port and the base station switch power supply bus bar is disconnected, the charger disconnects the connection with the base station switch power supply bus bar, the single-way charging and backup power module disconnects the connection with the base station switch power supply bus bar, and the battery swapping cabinet resumes charging by itself. The door lock of the battery swapping cabinet allows scanning the code to open the box to change the battery.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the single-way charging and backup power control system of the battery swapping cabinet and the base station is installed inside the battery swapping cabinet. The mains power outside the battery swapping cabinet is introduced from the base station and has the same source. New addition to the battery swapping cabinet: single-way charging and backup power module. Utilization of existing equipment: base station switch power supply; battery swapping cabinet. Transformation: The output of the charger of the battery swapping cabinet is connected to the charging input port of the single-way charging and backup power module; the battery charging port is connected to the backup power input port of the single-way charging and backup power module; the backup power output port of the single-way charging and backup power module is connected to the base station switch power supply bus bar; internal communication lines are interconnected; 220V AC is connected to the single-way charging and backup power module.

[0061] There are battery swapping cabinets configured with 60V / 20Ah (discharge capacity of 1.2kWh) lithium batteries in 9-cell and 12-cell specifications. A base station that requires a 51.2V / 100Ah lithium battery (presetting 1 set of 4G system for backup power for 3 hours, i.e., a 1.35kW load) has a battery discharge capacity of 5.12kWh, and 5 cells of the battery swapping cabinet are required for backup power. If battery swapping and backup power supply for the base station can be satisfied simultaneously during a power outage, the remaining 4 cells or 7 cells can be used for battery swapping services.

[0062] Configure 5 battery single-direction step-down battery swapping cabinet charging and base station backup power management modules, with an estimated cost of 1000 yuan, and an estimated cost of 600 yuan for installation, commissioning, software upgrade, etc. The total investment for the implementation of the plan is 1600 yuan. The base station is configured with a 51.2V / 100Ah lithium battery, with an estimated cost of 5000 yuan. The electricity fee for the battery swapping cabinet to supply backup power to the base station is assumed to be settled at 15 yuan per degree (subject to the agreement between the battery swapping cabinet owner and the base station owner, and temporarily estimated according to the diesel generator power generation price). Each discharge requires a payment of 4 * 15 = 60 yuan. The battery swapping cabinets are all installed in urban areas or suburbs, and according to the requirements of the base station's external mains power, at least the requirements for Class I mains power are met. It is preset that there is 1 power outage per month, and each power outage lasts about 3 hours. Then the income of one site is: 5000 - 1600 - 12 * 1 * 60 = 2680 yuan. That is to say, by using the method and system of the present invention, each base station in urban and suburban areas can save 2680 yuan by reducing the configuration of 1 set of 51.2V / 100Ah lithium batteries. Assuming that there are 1000 base stations where the battery swapping cabinets in urban and suburban areas are set close to the base stations and the mains power is from the same source, the investment can be saved by approximately 2.68 million yuan.

[0063] The above embodiments are further elaborations and explanations of the present invention for the convenience of understanding, and are not any limitations to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A unidirectional charging and power supply control method for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station, characterized in that, Including: Detecting the remaining capacity ratio of the storage battery in the battery swapping cabinet, and performing stepped charging and power backup control according to the remaining capacity ratio when the mains power fails; When the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold, the storage battery outputs power to the base station for backup through the unidirectional charging and power backup module, and sets the number of grids where battery swapping is prohibited; When the remaining capacity ratio is greater than or equal to the second ratio threshold and less than the first ratio threshold, the storage battery outputs power to the base station for backup through the unidirectional charging and power backup module and prohibits battery swapping; After the mains power is restored, switch to the charging mode through the unidirectional charging and power backup module to charge the storage battery.

2. The one-way charging and power supply control method for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station according to claim 1, characterized in that When the remaining capacity ratio is less than the third ratio threshold, the battery swapping and power backup of the storage battery are prohibited, and at the same time, an alarm for recycling and replacement of the storage battery is given; the third ratio threshold is less than the second ratio threshold.

3. The one-way charging and power supply control method for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The storage battery outputs power to the base station for backup through the unidirectional charging and power backup module, including: The unidirectional charging and power backup module switches from the charging mode to the power backup mode, and the storage battery steps down through the unidirectional charging and power backup module and outputs power to the base station for backup; When a low-voltage alarm occurs for the storage battery during the power backup process, the unidirectional charging and power backup module switches to the charging mode and waits for the mains power to be restored.

4. The one-way charging and power supply control method for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station according to claim 3, wherein The number of grids where battery swapping is prohibited is the ceiling of the power consumption of the base station within the power outage duration divided by the average remaining capacity of the storage battery in a single grid; The power consumption of the base station is the product of the average power consumption of the base station and the power outage duration; the average remaining capacity of the storage battery in a single grid is the average value of the remaining capacities of the storage batteries in each grid.

5. A unidirectional charging and power supply control method for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station according to claim 1 or 2 or 4, characterized in that, The detection of the remaining capacity ratio of the storage battery in the battery swapping cabinet includes: Detecting the remaining capacity and the actual voltage value of the storage battery in each grid, and multiplying the two as the first product; multiplying the capacity parameter of the same storage battery by the rated voltage value as the second product; dividing the first product by the second product to obtain the remaining capacity ratio of the storage battery.

6. The one-way charging and power supply control method for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the power backup mode, if there are several battery packs in the storage battery, power is supplied to the base station in order from high to low according to the actual voltage of the battery packs until the voltages of all battery packs are the same, and then they discharge together until a low-voltage alarm occurs.

7. A one-way charging and power supply control system for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station, applicable to the one-way charging and power supply control method described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Including a battery swapping cabinet and a base station, the battery swapping cabinet includes several grids and several unidirectional charging and power backup modules; each grid has a uniquely corresponding connected unidirectional charging and power backup module, and the unidirectional charging and power backup module is electrically connected to the base station switch power supply through the interface module on the battery swapping cabinet.

8. The one-way charging and power supply control system for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station according to claim 7, characterized in that, The unidirectional charging and power backup module includes a first switching unit, a buck conversion unit, and a second switching unit connected in sequence; the grid includes a charger and a storage battery; The first switching unit includes a first input terminal connected to the charger and a second connection terminal connected to the storage battery; the second switching unit includes a third output terminal connected to the base station switch power supply.

9. The one-way charging and power supply control system for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station according to claim 8, wherein When the first input terminal is connected to the second connection terminal and the second connection terminal is disconnected from the third output terminal, the unidirectional charging and power backup module is in the charging mode; When the first input terminal is disconnected from the second connection terminal and the second connection terminal is connected to the third output terminal, the unidirectional charging and power backup module is in the power backup mode.

10. A one-way charging and power supply control system for a battery swapping cabinet and a base station according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The unidirectional charging and power backup module further includes a monitoring unit, which identifies the voltage of the corresponding connected storage battery and sends it to the control module of the battery swapping cabinet to adjust the output voltage of the charger to the storage battery. The voltages of the storage batteries in different grids are different, and the unidirectional charging and power supply module can reduce different voltages to the same voltage as that of the base station switching power supply.

Images