Dual power automatic switching equipment and control system for water conservancy power supply

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual power automatic switching device and control system for water conservancy power supply, which belongs to the technical field of power supply and distribution. The present invention adopts the design of a dual power supply switch and a third-party power supply quick socket, which can effectively improve the reliability of the water conservancy power supply system. When the main power supply is abnormal, the equipment can automatically switch to the backup power supply to ensure the continuous operation of the flow meter and avoid data loss or measurement errors caused by power outages. The design of the third-party power supply quick socket enables rapid access to an external power supply to achieve emergency power supply when both power supplies fail. By collecting power supply parameters in real time, problems can be discovered in time when the power supply status is abnormal. Combined with the real-time power supply status and the preset power supply priority rules, it is ensured that the main power supply is used first when the main power supply is available, avoiding unnecessary power switching. When both power supplies are available, dynamic load distribution is performed according to load demand and power supply characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power supply and distribution, and in particular to dual-power automatic switching equipment and a control system for water conservancy power supply. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy projects and related fields, power supply system stability is crucial. Key monitoring equipment, such as flow meters, requires continuous and stable operation to ensure accurate water resource management. However, since water conservancy projects are often located in remote areas, the power supply environment is complex and susceptible to factors such as natural disasters, grid fluctuations, and aging equipment, leading to power outages or instability. If a flow meter stops working due to a power outage, it can cause water resource scheduling errors and even disrupt the normal operation of the entire water conservancy system.

[0003] Existing water conservancy power supply systems usually adopt a single power supply or a simple dual power switching solution. Under the single power supply solution, once the main power supply fails, the system will face the risk of downtime, seriously affecting the reliability of power supply. Traditional dual power switching equipment often relies on fixed switching logic, lacks intelligent management capabilities, and is unable to dynamically adjust the switching strategy according to the real-time power supply status and load demand. In addition, in the event that both the main power supply and the backup power supply fail, the existing technology usually lacks a mechanism for quickly accessing a third-party external power supply, resulting in long-term power outages for the equipment, affecting normal operation. In addition, a large inrush current may be generated during the power switching process, which can easily damage precision instruments such as flow meters, shorten the service life of the equipment, and even cause grid fluctuations, affecting the stability of other electrical equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a dual power supply automatic switching device and control system for water conservancy power supply, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a dual-power automatic switching device for water conservancy power supply, comprising a control cabinet, a flow meter is provided inside the control cabinet, a UPS uninterruptible power supply module and a battery pack are connected to the flow meter, a dual-power supply switch is provided inside the control cabinet, a third-party power supply quick socket is provided on one side of the dual-power supply switch, and an early warning alarm device is provided inside the control cabinet, which is connected to the dual-power supply switch.

[0006] Furthermore, the dual power supply switch includes two groups of switch components, which are respectively connected to two power sources. A third-party power supply quick socket is provided on one side of the two groups of switch components, and the control cabinet is connected to the external power supply through the third-party power supply quick socket.

[0007] Furthermore, a dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply is applied to the above-mentioned dual power automatic switching device for water conservancy power supply, including:

[0008] The intelligent power management module is configured to collect dual power supply parameters and monitor the dual power supply status. Based on preset power supply priority rules and combined with the real-time power supply status, it dynamically adjusts the order in which the power supplies are used and controls the working status of the dual power supply switches. When an abnormality in the main power supply is detected, it sends a switching instruction to the adaptive switching control module and simultaneously notifies the early warning alarm device. In the event of failure of both power supplies, it initiates the process of connecting a third-party external power supply and continuously monitors the external power supply status.

[0009] The adaptive switching control module is configured to select the optimal switching mode based on load characteristics after receiving the switching instruction from the intelligent power management module, perform intelligent switching of dual power sources and external power sources, and detect the availability and power quality of the target power source;

[0010] The inrush current suppression module is configured to calculate the potential inrush current based on the voltage amplitude and phase difference of the target power supply before power switching. It then uses a soft-start circuit or current-limiting control strategy to gradually increase the supply voltage during the switching process to reduce the inrush current. During multiple switching processes, the module analyzes the impact of the inrush current based on historical data and dynamically optimizes the switching parameters.

[0011] The remote monitoring module is configured to remotely manage, monitor power status, and operate the system through the Internet of Things. Furthermore, the intelligent power management module includes:

[0012] a power supply status monitoring unit configured to collect power supply parameters of the dual power supplies, including voltage, current, frequency, and power factor, and to monitor the power supply status in real time, set parameter abnormality thresholds, judge voltage offset, current fluctuation, and frequency abnormality based on the parameter abnormality thresholds, determine whether the power supplies are in a normal power supply state, and send an abnormality signal when an abnormal power supply state is detected;

[0013] The power supply priority decision unit is configured to determine the current optimal power supply source based on the power supply parameters provided by the power supply status monitoring unit and in combination with a preset power supply priority rule;

[0014] When both power sources are available, a dynamic allocation strategy is used to adjust the load distribution based on load demand and power supply characteristics. When an abnormality in the main power supply is detected, a decision is made whether to perform a switching operation based on the availability and power quality of the backup power supply, and a switching instruction is sent to the adaptive switching control module. In the event of failure in both power sources, the third-party external power supply access process is automatically started, and the external power supply status is continuously monitored.

[0015] Furthermore, the intelligent power management module further includes:

[0016] an exception handling unit configured to determine the type of exception and select a corresponding handling strategy after receiving the exception signal from the power status monitoring unit;

[0017] When the main power supply fails but the backup power supply is available, a switching instruction is sent to the adaptive switching control module; when both power supplies fail, an external power supply access request is sent to the power supply priority decision unit, and the early warning alarm device is triggered simultaneously to notify the user of the fault situation;

[0018] Record abnormal events and handling results.

[0019] Furthermore, the adaptive switching control module includes:

[0020] a switching strategy decision unit configured to select the optimal power switching mode based on load characteristics and current power supply status, receive dual power supply status information provided by the intelligent power management module, analyze the failure type of the main power supply and the availability of the backup power supply, and determine the switching mode to be used based on the operating requirements of the load, wherein the switching mode includes instantaneous switching, delayed switching, and soft start switching;

[0021] When the load has high requirements on power supply stability, soft start switching is adopted; when the load can withstand power supply interruption for a short time, delayed switching is adopted;

[0022] a power availability detection unit configured to detect the power supply parameters of the target power source in real time before executing the switch;

[0023] Set a power quality threshold and analyze the power supply parameter data based on the set power quality threshold. When it is detected that the target power quality is lower than the power quality threshold, the abnormal situation is fed back to the switching strategy decision unit and the switching plan is adjusted. When both power sources are unavailable, the availability of a third-party external power source is detected and it is determined whether emergency access is required.

[0024] Furthermore, the adaptive switching control module further includes:

[0025] The switching execution unit is configured to, upon receiving a switching instruction, check the power supply status of the target power supply and confirm the current working status of the load; when performing instantaneous switching, control the opening and closing time of the dual power supply switch; when performing soft-start switching, gradually increase the voltage to ensure a smooth transition of the load to the new power supply; when performing delayed switching, set a switching delay time based on load characteristics and complete the switching after the delay expires;

[0026] Record the parameters during the switching execution;

[0027] The post-switching status evaluation unit is configured to monitor the power supply parameters of the target power source and the operating status of the load in real time after the switching is completed. When it detects that the power quality is unstable or the load is operating abnormally after the switching, it feeds back information to the switching strategy decision unit and decides whether to perform a second switching or restore to the original power source;

[0028] Record the operating data after switching. When the switching process is abnormal or a fault occurs, trigger the early warning alarm device and send a fault report to the remote monitoring module.

[0029] Furthermore, the inrush current suppression module includes:

[0030] An inrush current calculation unit is configured to collect voltage, current, frequency, and phase information of the current power source and the target power source. Before the power source is switched, the unit calculates the potential inrush current peak value based on the voltage amplitude difference and the phase difference between the target power source and the current load, thereby predicting the current inrush that may be caused at the switching moment.

[0031] When the inrush current exceeds the set threshold, an adjustment instruction is sent to the current limiting control unit;

[0032] a current limiting control unit configured to select a current limiting mode after receiving an adjustment instruction from the inrush current calculation unit, wherein the current limiting mode includes soft start control and current limit control; when soft start control is adopted, the supply voltage of the target power supply is gradually increased; when current limit control is adopted, the conduction speed of the switch during the switching process is dynamically adjusted or a current limiting circuit is used to limit the amplitude of the inrush current;

[0033] Monitor current changes during the switching process.

[0034] Furthermore, when soft start control is adopted, the supply voltage of the target power supply is gradually increased, including:

[0035] Extract the predicted surge current;

[0036] comparing the inrush current with a preset inrush current threshold;

[0037] When the impact current does not exceed the preset impact current threshold, the preset current safety threshold I is called. max ;

[0038] Using the current safety threshold I max Perform difference processing with the impact current to obtain the current safety threshold I max and the impact current, and taking the difference as a reference current difference;

[0039] Extracting the target voltage corresponding to the boosted supply voltage;

[0040] Extract the current voltage corresponding to the moment when soft start control is adopted;

[0041] Performing difference processing on a target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and a current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted to obtain a voltage difference between the target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and the current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted;

[0042] The voltage increase rate is obtained by using the reference current difference and voltage difference;

[0043] Boost the supply voltage of the target power supply according to a preset voltage boost rate;

[0044] The voltage boost rate is obtained by the following formula:

[0045] in, represents the voltage increase rate; k represents the rate adjustment coefficient, and the value range of the rate adjustment coefficient is (0, 1]; I c Indicates the reference current difference; V c represents the voltage difference; s represents a preset attenuation coefficient, and the attenuation coefficient is set according to the actual application requirements of the dual power supply of water conservancy power supply through experiments; T represents a preset time parameter, and the value range of the time parameter is 1s-5s; I max Indicates the current safety threshold.

[0046] Furthermore, when the soft start control is adopted, gradually increasing the supply voltage of the target power supply also includes:

[0047] When the inrush current exceeds a preset inrush current threshold, the current system impedance corresponding to the target power supply is retrieved;

[0048] Retrieving historical dynamic impedance data of the target power supply;

[0049] Dividing the historical dynamic impedance data according to a preset time period to obtain multiple data groups;

[0050] Obtaining an impedance dynamic coefficient according to the historical dynamic impedance data;

[0051] The impedance dynamic coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0052] Where z represents the impedance dynamic coefficient; n represents the historical dynamic impedance data; Z peaki Indicates the impedance peak value corresponding to the i-th data group; Z bi represents the impedance standard deviation corresponding to the i-th data group; Z pi represents the average impedance value corresponding to the i-th data group;

[0053] Extract the predicted surge current;

[0054] comparing the inrush current with a preset inrush current threshold;

[0055] When the impact current does not exceed the preset impact current threshold, the preset current safety threshold I is called. max ;

[0056] Using the current safety threshold I max Perform difference processing with the impact current to obtain the current safety threshold I max and the impact current, and taking the difference as a reference current difference;

[0057] Performing difference processing on a target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and a current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted to obtain a voltage difference between the target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and the current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted;

[0058] The voltage rise rate is obtained by using the reference current difference and voltage difference combined with the impedance dynamic coefficient;

[0059] Boost the supply voltage of the target power supply according to a preset voltage boost rate;

[0060] The voltage boost rate is obtained by the following formula:

[0061] in, represents the voltage increase rate; k represents the rate adjustment coefficient, and the value range of the rate adjustment coefficient is (0, 1]; I c Indicates the reference current difference; V c represents the voltage difference; s represents a preset attenuation coefficient, and the attenuation coefficient is set according to the actual application requirements of the dual power supply of water conservancy power supply through experiments; T x Indicates the time length corresponding to the preset time period, and the value range of the time parameter is 1s-5s; I max represents the current safety threshold; z represents the impedance dynamic coefficient.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0063] 1. The present invention adopts the design of dual power supply switch and third-party power supply quick socket, which can effectively improve the reliability of the water conservancy power supply system. When the main power supply is abnormal, the equipment can automatically switch to the backup power supply to ensure the continuous operation of the flow meter and avoid data loss or measurement errors caused by power outages. The design of the third-party power supply quick socket enables rapid access to the external power supply to achieve emergency power supply when both power supplies fail, further improving the emergency handling capability of the system. The UPS uninterruptible power supply module works in conjunction with the battery pack to provide a short period of continuous power supply at the moment of power switching, reducing the risk of instantaneous power failure that may occur during the switching process. The early warning alarm device installed inside the equipment can issue an alarm in time when the power switching is abnormal, the power supply fluctuates or the equipment fails, and indicate the specific fault point, so that the staff can quickly locate the problem and take repair measures.

[0064] 2. The present invention collects power supply parameters such as voltage, current, frequency and power factor in real time, and sets parameter abnormality thresholds so as to promptly detect problems when the power supply status is abnormal. Combining the real-time power supply status with the preset power supply priority rules, it ensures that the main power supply is used first when the main power supply is available, avoiding unnecessary power switching, thereby reducing the impact of the power grid switching shock on the equipment. When both power supplies are available, dynamic load distribution can also be performed according to load demand and power supply characteristics, making the overall power supply system more efficient and economical. When a power supply abnormality is detected, the abnormality type is automatically determined and the corresponding strategy is executed.

[0065] 3. The present invention selects the optimal power switching method based on the load characteristics and the current power supply status. Before executing the power switching, it can perform real-time detection of the power supply parameters of the target power supply and set a power quality threshold to ensure that the switched power supply can provide stable power supply. When it is detected that the target power supply quality is lower than the set threshold, the abnormal situation is fed back and the switching strategy is adjusted to avoid the power supply risk brought by switching to an unstable power supply. When both power supplies are unavailable, the availability of a third-party external power supply is detected to ensure that the emergency power supply plan can be smoothly implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the dual power automatic switching device of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply connection structure of the control cabinet of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the dual power automatic switching control system module of the present invention.

[0069] In the figure: 1. Control cabinet; 2. Flow meter; 3. UPS uninterruptible power supply module; 4. Battery pack; 5. Dual power supply switch; 6. Third-party power supply quick socket; 7. Early warning alarm device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0072] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 The dual power automatic switching device for water conservancy power supply includes a control cabinet 1, a flow meter 2 is provided inside the control cabinet 1, a UPS uninterruptible power supply module 3 and a battery pack 4 are connected to the flow meter 2, a dual power supply switch 5 is provided inside the control cabinet 1, a third-party power supply quick socket 6 is provided on one side of the dual power supply switch 5, and an early warning alarm device 7 is provided inside the control cabinet 1, which is connected to the dual power supply switch 5.

[0073] The dual power supply switch 5 includes two groups of switch components, which are respectively connected to two power sources. A third-party power supply quick socket 6 is provided on one side of each group of switch components, and the control cabinet 1 is connected to the external power supply through the third-party power supply quick socket 6.

[0074] In the above embodiment, the control cabinet 1 is connected to the external power supply through the third-party power supply quick socket 6. When both power supplies fail, emergency power supply is provided through the external power supply to ensure that the flow meter 2 operates uninterruptedly. An early warning alarm device 7 is provided inside the control cabinet 1. The early warning alarm device 7 is connected to the dual power supply switch 5. When two sets of switch components fail, corresponding alarms are issued respectively, so that the staff can find the fault point in time and take corresponding measures.

[0075] In the above embodiment, the dual power supply switch 5 and the third-party power quick-connect jack 6 effectively improve the reliability of the water conservancy power supply system. If the main power supply fails, the device automatically switches to the backup power supply, ensuring the continued operation of the flow meter 2 and avoiding data loss or measurement errors caused by power outages. Furthermore, the design of the third-party power quick-connect jack 6 enables rapid access to an external power source for emergency power supply in the event of a dual power failure, further enhancing the system's emergency response capabilities.

[0076] This device uses a UPS module 3, working in conjunction with a battery pack 4, to provide a brief, continuous power supply during power switching, reducing the risk of momentary power outages during the switching process. The introduction of the UPS module 3 ensures stable power during power transitions, ensuring the continuity of flow meter data and improving the reliability of the water monitoring system.

[0077] Furthermore, the early warning alarm device 7, built into the equipment, issues a prompt warning in the event of abnormal power switching, power supply fluctuations, or equipment failure, indicating the specific fault point and enabling personnel to quickly locate the problem and implement remedial measures. This intelligent early warning mechanism reduces the need for manual inspections and improves operational efficiency. Furthermore, the system also enables real-time monitoring of equipment operating status through remote monitoring, further enhancing management efficiency.

[0078] See also Figure 3 , a dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply, applied to the above-mentioned dual power automatic switching equipment for water conservancy power supply, includes:

[0079] The intelligent power management module is configured to collect dual power supply parameters and monitor the dual power supply status. Based on preset power supply priority rules and combined with the real-time power supply status, it dynamically adjusts the order in which the power supplies are used and controls the working status of the dual power supply switches. When an abnormality in the main power supply is detected, it sends a switching instruction to the adaptive switching control module and simultaneously notifies the early warning alarm device. In the event of failure of both power supplies, it initiates the process of connecting a third-party external power supply and continuously monitors the external power supply status.

[0080] The adaptive switching control module is configured to select the optimal switching mode based on load characteristics after receiving the switching instruction from the intelligent power management module, perform intelligent switching of dual power sources and external power sources, and detect the availability and power quality of the target power source;

[0081] The inrush current suppression module is configured to calculate the potential inrush current based on the voltage amplitude and phase difference of the target power supply before power switching. It then uses a soft-start circuit or current-limiting control strategy to gradually increase the supply voltage during the switching process to reduce the inrush current. During multiple switching processes, the module analyzes the impact of the inrush current based on historical data and dynamically optimizes the switching parameters.

[0082] A remote monitoring module is configured to perform remote management, power status monitoring, and operation data analysis via the Internet of Things.

[0083] Intelligent power management module, including:

[0084] a power supply status monitoring unit configured to collect power supply parameters of the dual power supplies, including voltage, current, frequency, and power factor, and to monitor the power supply status in real time, set parameter abnormality thresholds, and judge voltage offset, current fluctuation, and frequency abnormality based on the parameter abnormality thresholds to determine whether the power supplies are in a normal power supply state, and to send an abnormality signal when an abnormal power supply state is detected;

[0085] The power supply priority decision unit is configured to determine the current optimal power supply source based on the power supply parameters provided by the power supply status monitoring unit and in combination with a preset power supply priority rule;

[0086] When both power sources are available, a dynamic allocation strategy is used to adjust load distribution based on load demand and power characteristics. When an anomaly in the primary power supply is detected, a decision is made on whether to switch to the backup power source based on its availability and quality, and a switching instruction is sent to the adaptive switching control module. In the event of a failure in both power sources, the system automatically initiates the process of connecting to a third-party external power source and continuously monitors the status of the external power source.

[0087] an exception handling unit configured to determine the type of exception and select a corresponding handling strategy after receiving the exception signal from the power status monitoring unit;

[0088] When the main power supply fails but the backup power supply is available, a switching instruction is sent to the adaptive switching control module; when both power supplies fail, an external power supply access request is sent to the power supply priority decision unit, and the early warning alarm device is triggered simultaneously to notify the user of the fault situation;

[0089] Record abnormal events and handling results.

[0090] In the above embodiment, power supply parameters such as voltage, current, frequency and power factor are collected in real time, and parameter abnormality thresholds are set so that problems can be discovered in time when the power supply status is abnormal. For example, when the voltage fluctuation exceeds the set range, the frequency is abnormal, or the power factor deviates significantly, an abnormal signal can be quickly issued, and the linkage system can take corresponding countermeasures. Combining the real-time power supply status with the preset power supply priority rules, it is ensured that the main power supply is used first when the main power supply is available, avoiding unnecessary power switching, thereby reducing the impact of the power grid switching shock on the equipment. In addition, when both power supplies are available, dynamic load distribution can be performed according to load demand and power supply characteristics, making the overall power supply system more efficient and economical.

[0091] In the above embodiment, when a power supply anomaly is detected, the system automatically determines the anomaly type and executes the corresponding policy. For example, if the primary power supply fails but the backup power supply is still available, the system will quickly switch to the backup power supply and notify the user for maintenance. If both power sources are unavailable, the system initiates the external power connection process and triggers an early warning alarm, alerting maintenance personnel to promptly address the issue. Furthermore, the anomaly handling unit also features an abnormal event recording function, facilitating subsequent fault analysis and optimizing maintenance strategies, thereby improving system reliability.

[0092] Adaptive switching control module, including:

[0093] The switching strategy decision unit is configured to select the optimal power switching method based on the load characteristics and the current power supply status. It receives the dual power supply status information provided by the intelligent power management module, analyzes the failure type of the main power supply and the availability of the backup power supply, and determines the switching method to be used based on the operating requirements of the load. The switching methods include instantaneous switching, delayed switching, and soft start switching.

[0094] When the load has high requirements on power supply stability, soft start switching is adopted; when the load can withstand power supply interruption for a short time, delayed switching is adopted;

[0095] a power availability detection unit configured to detect the power supply parameters of the target power source in real time before executing the switch;

[0096] Set a power quality threshold and analyze power supply parameter data based on the set power quality threshold. When the target power quality is detected to be lower than the power quality threshold, the abnormal situation is fed back to the switching strategy decision unit and the switching plan is adjusted. If both power sources are unavailable, the availability of a third-party external power source is detected and whether emergency access is required.

[0097] The switching execution unit is configured to, upon receiving a switching instruction, check the power supply status of the target power supply and confirm the current working status of the load; when performing instantaneous switching, control the opening and closing time of the dual power supply switch; when performing soft-start switching, gradually increase the voltage to ensure a smooth transition of the load to the new power supply; when performing delayed switching, set a switching delay time based on load characteristics and complete the switching after the delay expires;

[0098] Record the parameters during the switching execution;

[0099] The post-switching status evaluation unit is configured to monitor the power supply parameters of the target power source and the operating status of the load in real time after the switching is completed. When it detects that the power quality is unstable or the load is operating abnormally after the switching, it feeds back information to the switching strategy decision unit and decides whether to perform a second switching or restore to the original power source;

[0100] Record the operating data after switching. When the switching process is abnormal or a fault occurs, trigger the early warning alarm device and send a fault report to the remote monitoring module.

[0101] In the above embodiment, the optimal power switching method is selected based on the load characteristics and the current power supply status. For loads with high power stability requirements, a soft-start switching method can be used to avoid voltage shocks caused by instantaneous switching. For loads that can tolerate short power interruptions, a delayed switching method can be used to reduce the impact of power fluctuations caused by switching on the load. Furthermore, during the power quality detection process, the unit can perform real-time analysis of the target power source based on power quality thresholds to ensure that the quality of the power source after switching meets the load requirements, thereby improving the stability of the power supply system.

[0102] In the above embodiment, before executing a power switch, the target power source's power supply parameters can be monitored in real time, and a power quality threshold can be set to ensure stable power supply after the switch. If the target power source's quality is detected to be below the set threshold, an abnormality is reported and the switching strategy is adjusted to avoid the power supply risks associated with switching to an unstable power source. Furthermore, if both power sources are unavailable, the availability of a third external power source can be checked to ensure the smooth implementation of the emergency power supply plan.

[0103] In the above-described embodiment, the switching execution unit ensures the stability of the power switching process. For example, when performing an instantaneous switch, the unit precisely controls the opening and closing time of the dual power supply switch to reduce the current surge at the moment of switching. When performing a soft-start switch, the unit gradually increases the voltage to ensure a smooth transition of the load to the new power source, reducing the impact of power supply fluctuations on the device. When performing a delayed switch, the unit sets a reasonable switching delay time based on load characteristics to ensure a smooth transition of the load to the new power source.

[0104] Inrush current suppression module, including:

[0105] An inrush current calculation unit is configured to collect voltage, current, frequency, and phase information of the current power source and the target power source. Before the power source is switched, the unit calculates the potential inrush current peak value based on the voltage amplitude difference and the phase difference between the target power source and the current load, thereby predicting the current inrush that may be caused at the switching moment.

[0106] When the inrush current exceeds the set threshold, an adjustment instruction is sent to the current limiting control unit;

[0107] a current limiting control unit configured to select a current limiting mode after receiving an adjustment instruction from the inrush current calculation unit, the current limiting mode including soft start control and current limit control; when soft start control is adopted, the supply voltage of the target power supply is gradually increased; when current limit control is adopted, the conduction speed of the switch during the switching process is dynamically adjusted or a current limiting circuit is used to limit the amplitude of the inrush current;

[0108] Monitor current changes during the switching process.

[0109] In the above embodiment, the inrush current calculation unit analyzes parameters such as the target power source's voltage amplitude and phase difference before switching, predicting the potential inrush current peak and providing a basis for optimizing switching parameters. For example, if the predicted inrush current exceeds a set threshold, the unit can send an adjustment instruction to the current limiting control unit to adjust the switching strategy and reduce the impact of the power switching on the system. Furthermore, the unit analyzes the inrush current characteristics under different switching conditions in conjunction with historical data, optimizing the calculation model and improving the accuracy of inrush current prediction.

[0110] In the above embodiment, after receiving the adjustment instruction from the inrush current calculation unit, the current limiting control unit can use soft start control or current limiting control to reduce the impact of the inrush current during the power switching process. When using soft start control, the unit gradually increases the supply voltage of the target power supply to make the load current rise smoothly and avoid instantaneous current surges. When using current limiting control, the unit can dynamically adjust the conduction speed of the switch or use a current limiting circuit to limit the amplitude of the inrush current. In addition, the unit can also monitor the current changes in real time during the switching process and adjust the current limiting strategy based on the real-time data to improve the safety and reliability of the switching.

[0111] Specifically, when soft start control is adopted, the supply voltage of the target power supply is gradually increased, including:

[0112] Extract the predicted surge current;

[0113] comparing the inrush current with a preset inrush current threshold;

[0114] When the impact current does not exceed the preset impact current threshold, the preset current safety threshold I is called. max ;

[0115] Using the current safety threshold I max Perform difference processing with the impact current to obtain the current safety threshold I max and the impact current, and taking the difference as a reference current difference;

[0116] Extracting the target voltage corresponding to the boosted supply voltage;

[0117] Extract the current voltage corresponding to the moment when soft start control is adopted;

[0118] Performing difference processing on a target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and a current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted to obtain a voltage difference between the target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and the current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted;

[0119] The voltage increase rate is obtained by using the reference current difference and voltage difference;

[0120] Boost the supply voltage of the target power supply according to a preset voltage boost rate;

[0121] The voltage boost rate is obtained by the following formula:

[0122] in, represents the voltage increase rate; k represents the rate adjustment coefficient, and the value range of the rate adjustment coefficient is (0, 1]; I c Indicates the reference current difference; V c represents the voltage difference; s represents a preset attenuation coefficient, and the attenuation coefficient is set according to the actual application requirements of the dual power supply of water conservancy power supply through experiments; T represents a preset time parameter, and the value range of the time parameter is 1s-5s; I max Indicates the current safety threshold.

[0123] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: by comparing the impact current with the preset threshold, subsequent operations are performed only when the threshold is not exceeded, and the voltage increase rate is calculated based on parameters such as the current safety threshold, which can avoid damage to the equipment due to excessive impact current and ensure the safety of electrical equipment during the soft start process. Gradually increasing the supply voltage according to the calculated voltage increase rate can make the startup process of the target power supply smoother and reduce the adverse effects of voltage mutations, such as reducing the impact on the power grid, reducing the mechanical and electrical stress of the equipment, and extending the service life of the equipment. The voltage increase rate is calculated by comprehensively considering factors such as the reference current difference, voltage difference, attenuation coefficient, time parameters, etc., so that the control of the soft start process is more precise, and it can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual application requirements of the water conservancy power supply dual power supply to adapt to different working scenarios.

[0124] At the same time, by predicting and obtaining the inrush current and comparing it with the preset inrush current threshold, it is possible to effectively avoid excessive current inrush during the startup process, thereby protecting the power supply equipment and circuits from damage. When the inrush current does not exceed the threshold, the preset current safety threshold I maxThe difference between the inrush current and the reference current difference (i.e., the reference current difference) serves as the basis for subsequent calculations, further ensuring the safety and stability of current control. The target voltage corresponding to the increased supply voltage and the current voltage at the time of soft-start control are extracted and the voltage difference is obtained through differential processing, providing an accurate benchmark for subsequent voltage increases. The voltage increase rate is determined by using the reference current difference and the voltage difference. This dynamic adjustment method based on the actual current and voltage differences enables more precise control of the voltage increase process, preventing the adverse effects of excessive voltage fluctuations on equipment.

[0125] Then, the voltage increase rate is calculated by the formula, which includes the rate adjustment coefficient k, the reference current difference I c , voltage difference V c , a preset attenuation coefficient s, and a preset time parameter T, among other variables. The settings of these variables make the voltage boost strategy more flexible and adjustable, and can be optimized and adjusted according to different application scenarios and actual needs. In particular, the settings of the rate adjustment coefficient k and the attenuation coefficient s can be experimentally set according to the actual application requirements of the dual power supply of water conservancy power supply, so as to ensure that the voltage boost process can meet the requirements of equipment startup without causing excessive burden or damage to the equipment. The entire soft start control process ensures a smooth increase in the target power supply voltage through precise prediction, dynamic adjustment and precise control, avoiding equipment failure or damage caused by excessive voltage fluctuations. At the same time, this technical solution can also effectively extend the service life of the equipment, improve the stability and reliability of the system, and provide a strong guarantee for the stable operation of key areas such as water conservancy power supply.

[0126] Specifically, when the soft start control is adopted, gradually increasing the supply voltage of the target power supply also includes:

[0127] When the inrush current exceeds a preset inrush current threshold, the current system impedance corresponding to the target power supply is retrieved;

[0128] Retrieving historical dynamic impedance data of the target power supply;

[0129] Dividing the historical dynamic impedance data according to a preset time period to obtain multiple data groups;

[0130] Obtaining an impedance dynamic coefficient according to the historical dynamic impedance data;

[0131] The impedance dynamic coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0132] Where z represents the impedance dynamic coefficient; n represents the historical dynamic impedance data; Z peaki Indicates the impedance peak value corresponding to the i-th data group; Z birepresents the impedance standard deviation corresponding to the i-th data group; Z pi represents the average impedance value corresponding to the i-th data group;

[0133] Extract the predicted surge current;

[0134] comparing the inrush current with a preset inrush current threshold;

[0135] When the impact current does not exceed the preset impact current threshold, the preset current safety threshold I is called. max ;

[0136] Using the current safety threshold I max Perform difference processing with the impact current to obtain the current safety threshold I max and the impact current, and taking the difference as a reference current difference;

[0137] Performing difference processing on a target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and a current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted to obtain a voltage difference between the target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and the current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted;

[0138] The voltage rise rate is obtained by using the reference current difference and voltage difference combined with the impedance dynamic coefficient;

[0139] Boost the supply voltage of the target power supply according to a preset voltage boost rate;

[0140] The voltage boost rate is obtained by the following formula:

[0141] in, represents the voltage increase rate; k represents the rate adjustment coefficient, and the value range of the rate adjustment coefficient is (0, 1]; I c Indicates the reference current difference; V c represents the voltage difference; s represents a preset attenuation coefficient, and the attenuation coefficient is set according to the actual application requirements of the dual power supply of water conservancy power supply through experiments; T x Indicates the time length corresponding to the preset time period, and the value range of the time parameter is 1s-5s; I max represents the current safety threshold; z represents the impedance dynamic coefficient.

[0142] The technical effect of the above technical solution is as follows: when the inrush current exceeds the preset threshold, the impedance dynamic coefficient is calculated by obtaining the current system impedance and historical dynamic impedance data of the target power supply, providing a basis for subsequent voltage increase rate adjustments. This can effectively deal with excessive inrush current conditions and ensure safe and stable operation of the equipment. The voltage increase rate is calculated by combining the impedance dynamic coefficient with reference current difference, voltage difference, etc. Compared with considering only current difference and voltage difference, this comprehensively considers the dynamic change characteristics of the power supply impedance, making the calculation of the voltage increase rate more accurate, achieving a smoother and safer soft start process, and reducing adverse effects on equipment and the power grid. By dividing and analyzing historical dynamic impedance data, fully utilizing historical operating information, and exploring the impedance change patterns, more realistic parameters are provided for voltage control during the current soft start process, improving the adaptability and reliability of the soft start control strategy.

[0143] in, This formula relates the degree of impedance fluctuation (standard deviation) to the difference between the peak value and the average value. When the difference between the peak value and the average value is constant, the larger the standard deviation, that is, the more severe the fluctuation, the larger the ratio; when the standard deviation is constant, the smaller the difference between the peak value and the average value, the larger the ratio. Therefore, z reflects the fluctuation and change characteristics of historical dynamic impedance data.

[0144] This part corrects the voltage boost rate by comparing the values ​​of k and z and calculating their proportional relationship. When k and z are close, When it is close to 1, the value of this part is large, which will increase the voltage rise rate. When k and z differ greatly, the correction effect of this part on the voltage rise rate is reflected in the adjustment based on the size relationship between the two, taking into account the rate regulation requirements and the impact of impedance changes. middle, I c is the reference current difference (current safety threshold I max The difference between the surge current and the surge current reflects the current margin. A larger difference means more current space to cope with voltage changes, allowing for a faster voltage increase rate. V c It is the voltage difference (the difference between the target voltage and the current voltage). The larger the difference, the faster the voltage increase rate is required to reach the target voltage in the appropriate time. max is the current safety threshold, ensuring that the current is within the safe range; T xis the length of time corresponding to the preset time period, acting as a time scale constraint. It comprehensively considers the current and voltage differences within a specific timeframe to calculate the rate. s is a preset attenuation coefficient, determined based on actual demand experiments for the dual power supply system. It is used to adjust the calculated voltage rise rate to adjust the rate to match actual operating conditions and avoid excessively fast or slow voltage increases. This calculation comprehensively considers factors such as the current margin, the required voltage increase, the current safety range, as well as time scale and practical application corrections. It produces an intermediate calculated value related to the voltage rise rate, reflecting the voltage change trend based on current and voltage-related factors within a specific timeframe, after taking practical application corrections into account. It is the core component of the entire voltage rise rate formula, providing a quantitative basis for voltage rise rate calculation based on basic current and voltage parameters. By integrating these parameters, a quantitative value of the voltage rise rate can be preliminarily determined based on the actual current and voltage conditions, time scale, and actual application requirements. Subsequently, further corrections and adjustments can be made in combination with other adjustment factors (such as the rate adjustment coefficient, the impedance dynamic coefficient, etc.), so as to accurately calculate the appropriate voltage rise rate to achieve a smooth and safe voltage increase during the soft start process, ensure the normal operation of electrical equipment during the startup process, and avoid equipment damage or abnormal operation due to improper voltage changes.

[0145] When the inrush current exceeds a preset inrush current threshold, this technical solution retrieves the current system impedance corresponding to the target power source and analyzes it in conjunction with historical dynamic impedance data. This processing approach not only considers the real-time current inrush but also incorporates historical impedance change data, enabling a more comprehensive assessment and management of the impact of current inrush on the power system. By segmenting and calculating the historical dynamic impedance data, an impedance dynamic coefficient is obtained, which reflects the dynamic characteristics of impedance changes. This dynamic assessment method more accurately reflects the actual impedance state of the power system and provides more reliable data support for subsequent voltage ramp rate calculations. When calculating the voltage ramp rate, this technical solution considers not only the reference current difference and voltage difference but also the impedance dynamic coefficient. This comprehensive approach allows for more precise control of the voltage ramp rate, ensuring a smooth voltage ramp during the power system startup process while avoiding excessive current inrush and voltage fluctuations. Through precise voltage ramp rate control and dynamic impedance assessment, this technical solution significantly improves the stability and safety of the power system. During startup, the system can smoothly ramp up voltage, avoiding damage to equipment caused by excessive current inrush and voltage fluctuations, thereby extending its service life. Parameters in this technical solution, such as the rate adjustment coefficient, attenuation coefficient, and the duration of the time period, can all be set and adjusted according to actual needs. This flexibility allows the technical solution to adapt to different application scenarios and actual needs, improving its applicability and practicality. In particular, in dual-power supply systems for water conservancy power supply, this technical solution can precisely control the system based on actual needs, ensuring smooth switching and coordinated operation between the two power sources. This helps improve the reliability and stability of the water conservancy power supply system and provides strong support for the normal operation of water conservancy projects.

[0146] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual power automatic switching device for water conservancy power supply, comprising a control cabinet (1), characterized in that: The control cabinet (1) is provided with a flow meter (2) inside, the flow meter (2) is connected to a UPS uninterruptible power supply module (3) and a battery pack (4), the control cabinet (1) is provided with a dual power supply switch (5), one side of the dual power supply switch (5) is provided with a third-party power supply quick socket (6), the control cabinet (1) is provided with an early warning alarm device (7), and the early warning alarm device (7) is connected to the dual power supply switch (5); The control cabinet (1) selects a current limiting mode according to an adjustment instruction. When the control cabinet (1) adopts soft start control current limiting, it extracts a predicted inrush current and compares it with a preset threshold value; If the threshold is not exceeded, the difference between the current safety threshold and the inrush current is obtained as a reference current difference. The voltage increase rate is calculated based on the difference between the target voltage and the current voltage, and the supply voltage of the target power supply is gradually increased. When the inrush current exceeds a preset inrush current threshold, the current system impedance corresponding to the target power supply is retrieved; Retrieving historical dynamic impedance data of the target power supply; Dividing the historical dynamic impedance data according to preset time periods to obtain multiple data groups; Obtaining an impedance dynamic coefficient according to the historical dynamic impedance data; The impedance dynamic coefficient is obtained by the following formula: Where z represents the impedance dynamic coefficient; n represents the historical dynamic impedance data; Z peaki Indicates the impedance peak value corresponding to the i-th data group; Z bi represents the impedance standard deviation corresponding to the i-th data group; Z pi represents the average impedance value corresponding to the i-th data group; Extract the predicted surge current; comparing the inrush current with a preset inrush current threshold; When the impact current does not exceed the preset impact current threshold, the preset current safety threshold I is called. max ; Using the current safety threshold I max Perform difference processing with the impact current to obtain the current safety threshold I max and the impact current, and taking the difference as a reference current difference; Performing difference processing on a target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and a current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted to obtain a voltage difference between the target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and the current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted; The voltage rise rate is obtained by using the reference current difference and voltage difference combined with the impedance dynamic coefficient; Boost the supply voltage of the target power supply according to a preset voltage boost rate; The voltage boost rate is obtained by the following formula: in, represents the voltage increase rate; k represents the rate adjustment coefficient, and the value range of the rate adjustment coefficient is (0, 1]; I c Indicates the reference current difference; V c represents the voltage difference; s represents a preset attenuation coefficient, and the attenuation coefficient is set according to the actual application requirements of the dual power supply of water conservancy power supply through experiments; T x Indicates the time length corresponding to the preset time period, and the value range of the time parameter is 1s-5s; I max represents the current safety threshold; z represents the impedance dynamic coefficient.

2. The dual power automatic switching device for water conservancy power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual power supply switch (5) includes two groups of switch components, the two groups of switch components are respectively connected to two power sources, and one side of the two groups of switch components is provided with a third-party power supply quick socket (6), and the control cabinet (1) is connected to the external power supply through the third-party power supply quick socket (6).

3. A dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply, applied to the dual power automatic switching device for water conservancy power supply as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: The intelligent power management module is configured to collect dual power supply parameters and monitor the dual power supply status. Based on preset power supply priority rules and combined with the real-time power supply status, it dynamically adjusts the order in which the power supplies are used and controls the working status of the dual power supply switches. When an abnormality in the main power supply is detected, it sends a switching instruction to the adaptive switching control module and simultaneously notifies the early warning alarm device. In the event of failure of both power supplies, it initiates the process of connecting a third-party external power supply and continuously monitors the external power supply status. The adaptive switching control module is configured to select the optimal switching mode based on load characteristics after receiving the switching instruction from the intelligent power management module, perform intelligent switching of dual power sources and external power sources, and detect the availability and power quality of the target power source; The inrush current suppression module is configured to calculate the potential inrush current based on the voltage amplitude and phase difference of the target power supply before power switching. It then uses a soft-start circuit or current-limiting control strategy to gradually increase the supply voltage during the switching process to reduce the inrush current. During multiple switching processes, the module analyzes the impact of the inrush current based on historical data and dynamically optimizes the switching parameters. A remote monitoring module is configured to perform remote management, power status monitoring, and operation data analysis via the Internet of Things.

4. The dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intelligent power management module includes: a power supply status monitoring unit configured to collect power supply parameters of the dual power supplies, including voltage, current, frequency, and power factor, and to monitor the power supply status in real time, set parameter abnormality thresholds, judge voltage offset, current fluctuation, and frequency abnormality based on the parameter abnormality thresholds, determine whether the power supplies are in a normal power supply state, and send an abnormality signal when an abnormal power supply state is detected; The power supply priority decision unit is configured to determine the current optimal power supply source based on the power supply parameters provided by the power supply status monitoring unit and in combination with a preset power supply priority rule; When both power sources are available, a dynamic allocation strategy is used to adjust the load distribution based on load demand and power supply characteristics. When an abnormality in the main power supply is detected, a decision is made whether to perform a switching operation based on the availability and power quality of the backup power supply, and a switching instruction is sent to the adaptive switching control module. In the event of failure in both power sources, the third-party external power supply access process is automatically started, and the external power supply status is continuously monitored.

5. The dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent power management module further includes: an exception handling unit configured to determine the type of exception and select a corresponding handling strategy after receiving the exception signal from the power status monitoring unit; When the main power supply fails but the backup power supply is available, a switching instruction is sent to the adaptive switching control module; when both power supplies fail, an external power supply access request is sent to the power supply priority decision unit, and the early warning alarm device is triggered simultaneously to notify the user of the fault situation; Record abnormal events and handling results.

6. The dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adaptive switching control module includes: a switching strategy decision unit configured to select the optimal power switching mode based on load characteristics and current power supply status, receive dual power supply status information provided by the intelligent power management module, analyze the failure type of the main power supply and the availability of the backup power supply, and determine the switching mode to be used based on the operating requirements of the load, wherein the switching mode includes instantaneous switching, delayed switching, and soft start switching; When the load has high requirements on power supply stability, soft start switching is adopted; when the load can withstand power supply interruption for a short time, delayed switching is adopted; a power availability detection unit configured to detect the power supply parameters of the target power source in real time before executing the switch; Set a power quality threshold and analyze the power supply parameter data based on the set power quality threshold. When it is detected that the target power quality is lower than the power quality threshold, the abnormal situation is fed back to the switching strategy decision unit and the switching plan is adjusted. When both power sources are unavailable, the availability of a third-party external power source is detected and it is determined whether emergency access is required.

7. The dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adaptive switching control module further includes: The switching execution unit is configured to, upon receiving a switching instruction, check the power supply status of the target power supply and confirm the current working status of the load; when performing instantaneous switching, control the opening and closing time of the dual power supply switch; when performing soft-start switching, gradually increase the voltage to ensure a smooth transition of the load to the new power supply; when performing delayed switching, set a switching delay time based on load characteristics and complete the switching after the delay expires; Record the parameters during the switching execution; The post-switching status evaluation unit is configured to monitor the power supply parameters of the target power source and the operating status of the load in real time after the switching is completed. When it detects that the power quality is unstable or the load is operating abnormally after the switching, it feeds back information to the switching strategy decision unit and decides whether to perform a second switching or restore to the original power source; Record the operating data after switching. When the switching process is abnormal or a fault occurs, trigger the early warning alarm device and send a fault report to the remote monitoring module.

8. The dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inrush current suppression module includes: An inrush current calculation unit is configured to collect voltage, current, frequency, and phase information of the current power source and the target power source. Before the power source is switched, the unit calculates the potential inrush current peak value based on the voltage amplitude difference and the phase difference between the target power source and the current load, thereby predicting the current inrush that may be caused at the switching moment. When the inrush current exceeds the set threshold, an adjustment instruction is sent to the current limiting control unit; a current limiting control unit configured to select a current limiting mode after receiving an adjustment instruction from the inrush current calculation unit, wherein the current limiting mode includes soft start control and current limit control; when soft start control is adopted, the supply voltage of the target power supply is gradually increased; when current limit control is adopted, the conduction speed of the switch during the switching process is dynamically adjusted or a current limiting circuit is used to limit the amplitude of the inrush current; Monitor current changes during the switching process.

9. The dual power automatic switching control system for water conservancy power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that: When using soft start control, gradually increase the supply voltage of the target power supply, including: Extract the predicted surge current; comparing the inrush current with a preset inrush current threshold; When the impact current does not exceed the preset impact current threshold, the preset current safety threshold I is called. max ; Using the current safety threshold I max Perform difference processing with the impact current to obtain the current safety threshold I max and the impact current, and taking the difference as a reference current difference; Extracting the target voltage corresponding to the boosted supply voltage; Extract the current voltage corresponding to the moment when soft start control is adopted; Performing difference processing on a target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and a current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted to obtain a voltage difference between the target voltage corresponding to the boosted power supply voltage and the current voltage corresponding to the time when the soft start control is adopted; The voltage increase rate is obtained by using the reference current difference and voltage difference; Boost the target power supply voltage at a preset voltage boost rate.

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