Ginseng seedling water culture system and ginseng seedling water culture method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ginseng seedling water culture system and a ginseng seedling water culture method. The ginseng seedling water culture system comprises a field planting plate unit, a water culture box, a time controller, a cooling-water machine and a liquid storage box body, the method comprises the following steps: selecting 2-4-year-old ginseng seedlings which are free from plant diseases and insect pests and are large and robust in spores, cleaning impurities such as soil on the ginseng seedlings, which are not beneficial to water culture, by using clear water, then disinfecting and airing surface moisture, enclosing the non-damaged ginseng seedlings by using a planting sponge block, and placing the non-damaged ginseng seedlings on steps in planting square holes of a planting plate unit for planting, after the field planting plate units are placed on the field planting plate frame strips, water planting can be started under the cooperation of sunlight or LED illumination. The water planting device has the advantages that the temperature and element components of the nutrient solution in the water planting box can be adjusted at any time, the nutrient solution is circulated in a liquid supply intermittent circulation mode, sufficient dissolved oxygen of the nutrient solution can be kept, root systems of ginseng seedlings do not decay and continuously take roots and germinate, and healthy growth of fresh and alive ginseng with leaves is promoted. The water culture facility is easy to copy, and intelligent batch production of ginseng seedling water culture plant factories can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydroponics, and particularly relates to a hydroponic system for ginseng seedlings and a hydroponic method for ginseng seedlings using the system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the land use contradiction in ginseng cultivation has become increasingly acute, and the problem of shortage of production land for ginseng has become increasingly prominent. In 2012, China officially approved ginseng as a resource-based food. The huge market demand for ginseng has prompted us to adopt new ginseng cultivation technologies to achieve standardized and standardized ginseng cultivation, improve ginseng yield and quality, which is the only way for the sustainable development of the Chinese ginseng industry.

[0003] Ginseng leaves have functions such as invigorating qi, benefiting the lungs, dispelling summer heat, and promoting the production of body fluids. In the determination results of ginseng stems and leaves, the content of macroelements is the highest, and the content of trace elements required by humans and animals is also several times higher than that of the roots and whiskers. Most of these elements have anti-cancer and anti-aging effects. These effects are widely used in health foods and clinical medicine, and good economic benefits will surely be achieved. Therefore, the cultivation of fresh ginseng with leaves is of great significance.

[0004] At present, the soilless cultivation methods of ginseng mainly include two methods: a mixed nutrient medium of peat soil, vermiculite and perlite and nutrient solution cultivation. If ginseng can be hydroponically cultivated, then only by replacing its hydroponic nutrient solution can the effects of pathogenic microorganisms, autotoxic substances and physical and chemical environments on its growth be improved. During the hydroponic cultivation of ginseng, it is necessary to prepare a suitable nutrient solution for ginseng seedlings, and during the cultivation process, different nutrient solutions need to be prepared at different stages of the root growth of ginseng seedlings.

[0005] The exertion of the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine depends on the coordinated action of inorganic elements, which has attracted people's attention. The hydroponic cultivation mode of ginseng seedlings does not use pesticides and chemical fertilizers and has the characteristics of stable nutrient solution, uniform element distribution and consistent root growth environment. Moreover, according to the demand, combined with LED light quality, it is the best cultivation mode that can adjust the types and contents of inorganic elements.

[0006] Hydroponics is a common cultivation method in the laboratory, but at present, the problem that the root system of ginseng seedlings rots due to insufficient dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution in the hydroponic method of ginseng seedlings has not been effectively solved, and the hydroponic method of ginseng seedlings is relatively rare. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a ginseng seedling hydroponic system and method that supply nutrient solution in an intermittent circulation manner, can maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution, and the hydroponic facilities can be replicated.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a hydroponic system for ginseng seedlings, comprising a planting board unit, a hydroponic tank, a time controller, a chiller and a liquid storage tank body; the planting board unit is provided with planting square holes and steps and is placed on the upper surface of the hydroponic tank; one side of the upper part of the hydroponic tank is connected with a liquid supply pipe and is fixed to the drop horizontal pipe inside the hydroponic tank, and the other end of the liquid supply pipe passes through the cover plate and enters the liquid storage tank body; the other side of the upper part of the hydroponic tank is connected with an overflow pipe and is fixed to the liquid level regulator inside the hydroponic tank, and the other end of the overflow pipe passes through the cover plate and enters the liquid storage tank body; the other side of the lower part is respectively connected with a liquid return pipe and a ball valve and is fixed to the connector inside the hydroponic tank, and the other end of the liquid return pipe passes through the cover plate and enters the liquid storage tank body; a temperature sensor arranged on the bottom surface of the hydroponic tank is electrically connected to the chiller.

[0009] Preferably, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the chiller pass through the cover plate and enter the liquid storage tank body, and the chiller works to maintain the set temperature required for the nutrient solution in the hydroponic tank and the liquid storage tank body.

[0010] Preferably, a submersible pump is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank body, and a cover plate is placed on it; the time controller and the submersible pump in the liquid storage tank body are connected by insulated wires passing through the cover plate.

[0011] Preferably, the planting board unit, the liquid return pipe and the overflow pipe and their supporting quantities can be set to be one or more in a matching manner according to the cultivation area size of the hydroponic tank.

[0012] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a hydroponic method for ginseng seedlings using the aforementioned hydroponic system for ginseng seedlings, comprising: selecting 2-4-year-old ginseng seedlings without pests, diseases, rust spots, and with plump and strong buds, cleaning the soil and other impurities unfavorable for hydroponics on the ginseng seedlings with clean water, then disinfecting and drying the surface moisture, surrounding the undamaged ginseng seedlings with a planting sponge block and placing them on the steps in the planting square holes of the planting board unit for planting, and then placing the planting board unit on the frame formed by the planting board frame bars inside the hydroponic tank, and then, under sunlight or with the cooperation of LED light, starting hydroponics.

[0013] In one embodiment, the method further comprises: when the hydroponic tank needs nutrient solution, starting the submersible pump at the bottom of the liquid storage tank body to work according to the program set by the time controller, and injecting the nutrient solution into the hydroponic tank through both ends of the liquid supply pipe and the drop horizontal pipe; when the nutrient solution in the hydroponic tank starts to increase, a part of the nutrient solution flows back to the liquid storage tank body through the liquid return pipe according to the set flow rate of the ball valve; when the nutrient solution exceeds the water level limited by the liquid level regulator in the hydroponic tank and overflows, the overflow part will flow back to the liquid storage tank body through the overflow pipe.

[0014] In one embodiment, the method further includes: when the ginseng seedlings planted on the hydroponic box need to air their roots, the submersible pump will stop delivering the nutrient solution according to the program set by the time controller, so that the roots of the ginseng seedlings are exposed to the air; when the program set by the time controller ends the root airing, the submersible pump will be restarted to work and the nutrient solution will be injected into the hydroponic box through the liquid supply pipe, and the nutrient solution will be circulated in an intermittent manner, which can maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution, prevent the roots of the ginseng seedlings from rotting, and enable them to continuously take root and germinate, promoting the healthy growth of the fresh ginseng with leaves.

[0015] In one embodiment, the method further includes: according to the different growth stages and the requirements of day-night temperature difference of the ginseng seedlings, the temperature range of the nutrient solution is set to 16 - 22 °C by the chiller.

[0016] In one embodiment, the method further includes: the intermittent circulation period of the liquid supply by the time controller can be arbitrarily set within the range of 10 minutes to 180 minutes.

[0017] In one embodiment, the method further includes: the outer surfaces of the hydroponic box and the liquid storage tank are appropriately wrapped with heat-insulating materials to improve the heat preservation effect of the nutrient solution.

[0018] In one embodiment, the method further includes: the number of assembled frames of the frame bars of the planting plate can be assembled into one or more frames according to the cultivation area size of the hydroponic box.

[0019] Due to the application of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the characteristics that no pesticides are used in hydroponics, there are no pests and diseases, the nutrient solution is stable, its temperature and composition can be adjusted at any time, the element distribution is uniform, the root growth environment is consistent, the nutrient solution supply can be intermittently circulated, and sufficient dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution can be maintained, etc., which can prevent the roots of the ginseng seedlings from rotting and enable them to continuously take root and germinate, promoting the healthy growth of the fresh ginseng with leaves. It also has the advantages of cleanliness, no pollution, avoiding continuous cropping obstacles, and the hydroponic facilities can be replicated, etc., and can be used for cultivating medicinal plants such as ginseng, and is easy to realize the standardized, large-scale and intelligent batch production of plant factories, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the assembled plates of the planting plate unit in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 Shown as Figure 2 the sectional view of the A - A direction of the assembled plates of the shown planting plate unit;

[0023] Figure 4 is the top view schematic diagram of the hydroponic box in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Shown as Figure 4 The sectional view of the hydroponic box B-B direction shown in the figure.

[0025] Wherein: 1, ginseng seedlings; 2, fixing sponge blocks; 3, fixing plate unit; 301, fixing square holes; 302, steps; 4, hydroponic box; 401, liquid supply pipe; 402, drop horizontal pipe; 403, temperature sensor; 404, return liquid pipe; 405, connector; 406, ball valve; 407, overflow pipe; 408, liquid level regulator; 409, fixing plate frame strip; 5, time controller; 6, chiller; 601, water outlet pipe; 602, water inlet pipe; 7, liquid storage box body; 701, submersible pump; 702, cover plate. Specific embodiments

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a hydroponic system and cultivation method for ginseng seedlings.

[0028] According to the attached Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a fixing plate unit 3, a hydroponic box 4, a time controller 5, a chiller 6 and a liquid storage box body 7; the fixing plate unit 3 is provided with fixing square holes 301 and steps 302 and is placed on the upper surface of the hydroponic box 4; one side of the upper part of the hydroponic box 4 is connected with a liquid supply pipe 401 and is fixed to the drop horizontal pipe 402 inside the hydroponic box 4, and the other end of the liquid supply pipe 401 passes through the cover plate 702 and enters the inside of the liquid storage box body 7; the other side of the upper part of the hydroponic box 4 is connected with an overflow pipe 407 and is fixed to the liquid level regulator 408 inside the hydroponic box 4, and the other end of the overflow pipe 407 passes through the cover plate 702 and enters the inside of the liquid storage box body 7; the other side of the lower part is respectively connected with a return liquid pipe 404 and a ball valve 406 and is fixed to the connector 405 inside the hydroponic box 4, and the other end of the return liquid pipe 404 passes through the cover plate 702 and enters the inside of the liquid storage box body 7; the temperature sensor 403 arranged on the bottom surface of the hydroponic box 4 is electrically connected with the chiller 6.

[0029] Preferably, the water inlet pipe 602 and the water outlet pipe 601 of the chiller 6 pass through the cover plate 702 and enter the inside of the liquid storage box body 7, and the chiller 6 works to maintain the set temperature required for the nutrient solution inside the hydroponic box 4 and the liquid storage box body 7.

[0030] Preferably, a submersible pump 701 is arranged at the bottom inside the liquid storage box body 7, and a cover plate 702 is placed on it; the time controller 5 and the submersible pump 701 inside the liquid storage box body 7 are connected by an insulated wire passing through the cover plate 702.

[0031] Preferably, the planting plate unit 3, the liquid return pipe 404, the overflow pipe 407 and their matching quantities can be set to one or more sets according to the cultivation area of the hydroponic tank 4.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present invention, the hydroponic ginseng seedlings 1 used as health care products are generally selected to be 2-3 years old, and those used for medicinal purposes can be selected to be 4-5 years old. The ginseng seedlings 1 without pests and diseases, rust spots, and with plump and strong buds have a high cultivation survival rate. Generally, the ginseng seedlings 1 dug out from the ground are more or less covered with soil. First, wash the soil and other impurities that are not conducive to hydroponics on the ginseng seedlings 1 with clean water, then disinfect them and dry the surface moisture in a cool place. Then, surround the undamaged and dried ginseng seedlings 1 with the planting sponge block 2 and place them in the planting square holes 301 of the planting plate unit 3. Since there are steps 302 arranged around the planting square holes 301, when the ginseng seedlings 1 are planted, the steps 302 can hold up the planting sponge block 2 and prevent it from falling into the hydroponic tank 4. Then, after placing the planting plate unit 3 on the frame formed by the planting plate frame bars 409 inside the hydroponic tank 4, hydroponics can be started under sunlight or in combination with LED light. Thus, it can be seen that planting the ginseng seedlings 1 is very easy, and a manipulator can be used for large-area planting or harvesting to achieve automated production. During the different stages of germination and growth of the ginseng seedlings 1 in hydroponics, it can be pure water or a nutrient solution prepared by mixing water and nutrient solution in a certain proportion.

[0033] Before planting the ginseng seedlings 1, according to the specific hydroponic temperature requirements of the ginseng seedlings 1, first adjust the temperature of the nutrient solution in the hydroponic tank 4 or the liquid storage tank body 7, and then place the planting plate unit 3 with the ginseng seedlings 1 planted on the hydroponic tank 4. When hydroponics is required, start the submersible pump 701 at the bottom of the liquid storage tank body 7 to work according to the program set by the time controller 5, and inject the nutrient solution into the hydroponic tank 4 through both ends of the liquid supply pipe 401 and the drop horizontal pipe 402.

[0034] In the hydroponic system of the embodiment of the present invention, the drop method of the drop horizontal pipe 402 is adopted to increase the contact opportunity between the nutrient solution and air, so as to further increase the oxygen content in the nutrient solution. When the nutrient solution in the hydroponic tank 4 starts to increase, part of the nutrient solution flows back to the liquid storage tank body 7 through the liquid return pipe 404 according to the flow rate set by the ball valve 406. Adjusting the flow rate of the ball valve 406 can control the length of time for the nutrient solution in the hydroponic tank 4 to reach the position limited by the liquid level regulator 408. When the nutrient solution exceeds the water level limited by the liquid level regulator 408 in the hydroponic tank 4 and overflows, the overflow part will flow back to the liquid storage tank body 7 through the overflow pipe 407. Setting the liquid level regulator 408 can increase the application value of the hydroponic tank 4. For example, the heights of 2-year-old and 4-year-old ginseng seedlings 1 and the heights of other medicinal plants are uneven and have obvious differences. When hydroponics is required, it is necessary to adjust the water level limit height of the liquid level regulator 408.

[0035] The oxygen required for the root respiration of the ginseng seedlings 1 mainly comes from the oxygen dissolved in the nutrient solution. The drop method of the drop horizontal pipe 402 alone cannot supply enough oxygen. Therefore, the intermittent circulation method of the nutrient solution in the embodiment of the present invention can not only increase the contact opportunity between the large-area nutrient solution and the air, but also solve the problem that the roots of the ginseng seedlings 1 are soaked in the nutrient solution for a long time and rot. These problems are the main reasons why ginseng seedlings cannot be mass-produced in plant factories at present, and are also the most critical cultivation techniques to be solved in the hydroponic system.

[0036] Preferably, when the ginseng seedlings 1 planted on the hydroponic box 4 need to air-dry their roots, the submersible pump 701 will stop delivering the nutrient solution according to the program set by the time controller 5, so that the roots of the ginseng seedlings 1 are exposed to the air; when the program set by the time controller 5 ends and after air-drying the roots, the submersible pump 701 will be restarted to work and the nutrient solution will be injected into the hydroponic box 4 through the liquid supply pipe 401. In this way, the nutrient solution is circulated in an intermittent manner, which can maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution, prevent the roots of the ginseng seedlings 1 from rotting, and continuously take root and germinate, promoting healthy growth.

[0037] The temperature of the nutrient solution is set in the range of 16-22°C according to the different growth stages and the requirements of day-night temperature difference of the ginseng seedlings 1; generally, when there is light during the day, the ginseng seedlings 1 carry out photosynthesis, and the suitable hydroponic temperature is adjusted slightly higher; at night or in the early morning, the ginseng seedlings 1 do not carry out photosynthesis, the transpiration is weak, and mainly carry out respiration; in order to inhibit the respiration of the ginseng seedlings 1 and consume oxygen, it is better to adjust the hydroponic temperature slightly lower, just to meet the maintenance of its life cycle. At this time, the supply interval of the nutrient solution can be slightly longer.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid supply intermittent circulation cycle time of the time controller 5 can be arbitrarily set within the range of 10 minutes to 180 minutes. For example, the nutrient solution is supplied for 60 minutes and the liquid supply is stopped for 40 minutes.

[0039] The outer surfaces of the hydroponic box 4 and the liquid storage box body 7 are appropriately wrapped with heat-insulating materials to improve the heat preservation effect of the nutrient solution.

[0040] In this embodiment, the number of assembled frames of the fixing plate frame bar 409 can be assembled into one or more frames according to the cultivation area size of the hydroponic box 4 and the number of fixing plate units 3.

[0041] The present invention has the advantages that the temperature and composition of the hydroponic nutrient solution can be adjusted at any time, the nutrient solution is circulated in an intermittent liquid supply cycle manner, which can maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution, prevent the roots of the ginseng seedlings 1 from rotting, and continuously take root and germinate, promoting the healthy growth of fresh ginseng with leaves. The hydroponic facilities of the present invention are easy to replicate, and can realize the intelligent mass production of ginseng seedling 1 hydroponic plant factories.

[0042] The above are only specific application embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydroponic system for ginseng seedlings, characterized in that: It includes a planting plate unit, a hydroponic box, a time controller, a chiller, and a liquid storage tank body; planting square holes and steps are provided on the planting plate unit, and it is placed on top of the hydroponic box; a liquid supply pipe is connected to the upper part of one side of the hydroponic box and fixed to the drop horizontal pipe inside the hydroponic box, and the other end of the liquid supply pipe passes through the cover plate and enters the liquid storage tank body; an overflow pipe is connected to the upper part of the other side of the hydroponic box and fixed to the liquid level regulator inside the hydroponic box, and the other end of the overflow pipe passes through the cover plate and enters the liquid storage tank body; a return pipe and a ball valve are respectively connected to the lower part of the other side and fixed to the connector inside the hydroponic box, and the other end of the return pipe passes through the cover plate and enters the liquid storage tank body; a temperature sensor provided on the bottom surface of the hydroponic box is electrically connected to the chiller.

2. A hydroponic system for ginseng seedlings, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the chiller pass through the cover plate and enter the liquid storage tank body, and the chiller works to maintain the set temperature required for the nutrient solution in the hydroponic box and the liquid storage tank body.

3. A hydroponic system for ginseng seedlings, characterized in that: A submersible pump is provided at the bottom inside the liquid storage tank body, and a cover plate is placed on it; the time controller and the submersible pump inside the liquid storage tank body are connected by insulated wires passing through the cover plate.

4. A hydroponic system for ginseng seedlings, characterized in that: The planting plate unit, the return pipe, the overflow pipe and their supporting quantities can be set to one or more sets according to the cultivation area of the hydroponic box.

5. A method for hydroponically cultivating ginseng seedlings using the ginseng seedling hydroponic system described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Select 2-4-year-old ginseng seedlings without pests, diseases, rust spots, and with plump and strong spores. Wash the soil and other impurities that are not conducive to hydroponics on the ginseng seedlings with clean water, then disinfect and dry the surface moisture. Surround the undamaged ginseng seedlings with planting sponge blocks and place them on the steps in the planting square holes of the planting plate unit for planting. Then, place the planting plate unit on the frame formed by the planting plate frame bars inside the hydroponic box. After that, under sunlight or with the cooperation of LED light, hydroponics can be started.

6. The hydroponic method for ginseng seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the hydroponic box needs nutrient solution, the submersible pump at the bottom of the liquid storage tank body is started to work according to the program set by the time controller, and the nutrient solution is injected into the hydroponic box through both ends of the liquid supply pipe and the drop horizontal pipe; when the nutrient solution in the hydroponic box starts to increase, part of the nutrient solution flows back to the liquid storage tank body through the return pipe according to the set flow rate of the ball valve; when the nutrient solution overflows the water level limited by the liquid level regulator in the hydroponic box, the overflow part will flow back to the liquid storage tank body through the overflow pipe.

7. The hydroponic method for ginseng seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the ginseng seedlings planted on the hydroponic box need to air their roots, the submersible pump for transporting the nutrient solution is stopped according to the program set by the time controller, so that the roots of the ginseng seedlings are exposed to the air; when the program set by the time controller ends the root airing, the submersible pump is restarted to work and the nutrient solution is injected into the hydroponic box through the liquid supply pipe. In this way, the nutrient solution is circulated in an intermittent manner, which can maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution, prevent the roots of the ginseng seedlings from rotting and continuously take root and germinate, and promote the healthy growth of fresh ginseng with leaves.

8. The hydroponic method for ginseng seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the different growth stages and the requirements of day and night temperature difference of the ginseng seedlings, the temperature range of the nutrient solution is set to 16-22°C by the chiller.

9. The hydroponic method for ginseng seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intermittent circulation cycle time of the liquid supply by the time controller can be arbitrarily set within the range of 10 minutes to 180 minutes.

10. The hydroponic method for ginseng seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the hydroponic box and the liquid storage tank are appropriately wrapped with heat insulation materials to improve the heat preservation effect of the nutrient solution.

11. The hydroponic method of ginseng seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of assembled frames of the colonizing plate frame bars can be assembled into one or more frames according to the cultivation area of the hydroponic box.

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