Method for dividing metropolitan corridor spatial form management and control subareas

Abstract

The invention discloses a metropolitan corridor spatial form management and control partition delimiting method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, data acquisition and processing: acquiring and processing urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in a selected area; s2, constructing a resistance surface: constructing the resistance surface, and updating the resistance surface in real time according to the change of the ecological environment and the land utilization type by adopting a dynamic resistance coefficient assignment method; s3, metropolitan corridor path determination: determining an urban ecological corridor path between any two ecological source lands based on a minimum cumulative resistance model; s4, centrality calculation and importance grading: performing centrality calculation on the urban ecological corridors based on a circuit theory, determining a centrality value of each ecological corridor, and performing importance grading on the urban ecological corridors according to the centrality values; and S5, constructing a suitability index system and determining a spatial range: determining a suitable construction spatial range and a priority level of the urban ecological corridor, and establishing the suitability index system based on machine learning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban ecological planning and construction, and particularly to a method for demarcating control zones of the spatial form of a metropolis corridor. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic growth and continuous concentration of the population, the urbanization process in the metropolis region is accelerating day by day. In this process, the urban space is constantly expanding, the demand for construction land is surging, resulting in serious compression of the natural ecological space. In order to alleviate this contradiction, the metropolis region begins to attach importance to the planning and construction of ecological corridors to protect and restore the natural ecological system and improve the urban ecological environment quality. In order to promote the planning and construction of ecological corridors, the metropolis region usually issues relevant policy documents to clarify the principles, objectives and methods for demarcating the ecological corridor space. These policy documents usually include the definition, function, planning scope, construction standards and other aspects of the ecological corridor, providing a scientific basis and institutional guarantee for the demarcation of the ecological corridor. At the same time, the government will also guide through planning and incorporate the ecological corridor into the upper-level plans such as the urban master plan and land use plan to ensure the effective implementation and long-term protection of the ecological corridor space.

[0003] After retrieval, Chinese Patent No. CN115063276A discloses a method for demarcating the urban ecological corridor space based on MSPA and circuit theory, belonging to the technical field of urban ecological planning and construction. It includes: Step 1, perform morphological analysis on the ecological space of the selected area based on MSPA to identify ecological source areas; Step 2, combine landscape types, ecological quality and NDVI to construct a comprehensive resistance surface; Step 3, import the comprehensive resistance surface data into Linkage Mapper, select ecological source areas and the resistance surface, and determine the urban ecological corridor paths between any two ecological source areas based on the minimum cumulative resistance model; Step 4, apply Centrality Mapper based on circuit theory to calculate the centrality of the urban ecological corridor and conduct importance grading; Step 5, determine the key species of the urban ecological corridor, construct a suitability index system for the spatial scope of the urban ecological corridor, and determine the priority level of the spatial scope of the urban ecological corridor. The present invention is suitable for identifying urban ecological corridors in high-density urbanized areas, grading urban ecological corridors, and finally identifying the spatial scope of urban ecological corridors with different restoration levels.

[0004] During the use of the above system, the method for constructing the resistance surface often relies on static data and cannot reflect the dynamic changes of the ecological environment in real time. This may lead to insufficient sensitivity and adaptability to ecological environment changes in the ecological corridor planning. Therefore, a method for demarcating control zones of the spatial form of a metropolis corridor is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks existing in the prior art, where the method for constructing the resistance surface is often based on static data and cannot reflect the dynamic changes of the ecological environment in real time, which may lead to insufficient sensitivity and adaptability to the changes of the ecological environment in the ecological corridor planning. A method for delimiting the control zoning of the spatial form of the metropolitan corridor is proposed.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for delimiting the control zoning of the spatial form of the metropolitan corridor, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Data acquisition and processing: Acquire and process the urban geographical information corresponding to each landscape unit within the selected area, where the urban geographical information includes land use type, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate;

[0009] S2: Resistance surface construction: By comprehensively considering the land use type, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate, use GIS to overlay the multi-source data layers belonging to the urban geographical information to form a comprehensive data set. By setting weights and thresholds, fuse different data layers to generate a resistance coefficient layer, assign resistance coefficients to different landscape units, construct a resistance surface, regularly collect the change data of the ecological environment and land use type, and update the resistance coefficients of each landscape unit and the resistance surface according to the collected change data;

[0010] S3: Determination of the metropolitan corridor path: Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model, calculate the minimum cumulative resistance path between any two ecological source areas, select the path with the minimum resistance as the preliminary path of the ecological corridor, optimize the preliminary path, consider avoiding important facilities within the metropolis, and at the same time combine the overall plan and development direction of the metropolis to determine the final path;

[0011] S4: Centrality calculation and importance grading: Evaluate the position and role of the urban ecological corridor in the overall ecosystem, calculate the centrality of the urban ecological corridor based on circuit theory to determine the centrality value of each ecological corridor, and grade the importance of the urban ecological corridor according to the centrality value;

[0012] S5: Construction of the suitability index system and determination of the spatial range: Determine the suitable construction spatial range and priority level of the urban ecological corridor. By determining the key species of the urban ecological corridor, establish a suitability index system based on machine learning to realize the automatic screening and weight assignment system of the indicators, and perform weighted overlay calculation on each suitability index to determine which areas are suitable for constructing ecological corridors.

[0013] The above further includes:

[0014] Further, in S1, drone remote sensing and satellite remote sensing are introduced to collect data on the metropolitan corridor area, collecting land use types, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate, and uploading the collected urban geographical information to the cloud computing platform for processing and analysis using big data technology.

[0015] Further, in S2, the specific steps for constructing the resistance surface are as follows:

[0016] Resistance coefficient assignment:

[0017] Dynamic resistance coefficient assignment: According to changes in the ecological environment and land use types, the resistance coefficient is updated in real time. For example, if the ecological quality of a certain area is improved (such as afforestation, ecological restoration, etc.), its resistance coefficient should be correspondingly reduced;

[0018] Multi-source data fusion: Using GIS, overlay the multi-source data layers to form a comprehensive data set, and through setting weights and thresholds, fuse different data layers to generate a resistance coefficient layer, and assign resistance coefficients to different landscape units. For example, in areas with high altitude, aridity and poor ecological quality, its resistance coefficient should be higher than that in areas with low altitude, humidity and good ecological quality;

[0019] Resistance surface construction:

[0020] The resistance surface is calculated by the following formula:

[0021] Among them, R represents the comprehensive resistance value, w i represents the weight of the i-th factor, and R i represents the resistance coefficient of the i-th factor;

[0022] Resistance surface verification and adjustment:

[0023] Through means such as on-site investigation and remote sensing monitoring, verify the constructed resistance surface to ensure its accuracy and reliability, and according to the verification results, adjust and optimize the resistance surface to improve its accuracy and applicability.

[0024] Further, the specific steps for resistance coefficient assignment are as follows:

[0025] Collect dynamic data: Regularly collect data on changes in the ecological environment and land use types, including vegetation restoration status, progress of ecological restoration projects, urban construction plans, etc.;

[0026] Calculate the comprehensive resistance coefficient: Considering multiple factors comprehensively, calculate the comprehensive resistance coefficient for each landscape unit. The comprehensive resistance coefficient calculation formula Among them, R i represents the comprehensive resistance coefficient of the i-th landscape unit, and w jdenotes the weight of the j-th influencing factor, and the weight can be determined by methods such as expert scoring and principal component analysis, R ij denotes the resistance coefficient of the i-th landscape unit under the j-th influencing factor:

[0027] Update the resistance coefficient: According to the collected dynamic data, update the resistance coefficient of each landscape unit. For example, if the ecological quality of a certain area is improved (such as through measures like afforestation and ecological restoration), then reduce its resistance coefficient from the original 0.6 to 0.4.

[0028] Furthermore, in S3, using the minimum cumulative resistance model, combining the comprehensive resistance surface and ecological source area data, calculate the minimum cumulative resistance path between any two ecological source areas. The formula of the minimum cumulative resistance model is where MCR represents the minimum cumulative resistance, D i denotes the distance from a certain ecological element to a certain point on the corridor path, R i denotes the resistance coefficient of this point, and n represents the number of points on the path;

[0029] According to the result calculated by the minimum cumulative resistance model, select the path with the minimum resistance as the preliminary path of the ecological corridor;

[0030] On the basis of the preliminary path, consider avoiding important facilities within the metropolis, such as transportation hubs, high-voltage pylons, cultural relics and historic sites, etc. Combine the overall plan and development direction of the metropolis to optimize the ecological corridor path to make it coordinated with the urban development;

[0031] Make local adjustments to the preliminary path to improve its connectivity, landscape effect and ecological function. During the path adjustment process, repair the damaged ecological areas. The repair includes vegetation restoration, water system restoration, habitat reconstruction and soil restoration to restore its ecological function;

[0032] After the ecological corridor path undergoes preliminary planning, local adjustment and repair of damaged ecological areas, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the optimized path. The comprehensive evaluation includes ecological evaluation, socio-economic evaluation, risk assessment and cost-benefit analysis. According to the comprehensive evaluation results, determine the final path.

[0033] Furthermore, in S4, the specific steps for calculating the centrality are as follows:

[0034] Data preparation: Collect relevant data of all ecological corridors within the metropolis area, including the length, width, location coordinates, connection relationship, etc. of the corridors, ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data, and conduct necessary data cleaning and preprocessing;

[0035] Constructing a circuit model: Considering the urban ecological corridors as the conductors in the circuit, and the connection points or intersections between the ecological corridors as the nodes in the circuit, setting resistance values ​​for the conductors and nodes in the circuit model according to the actual properties of the ecological corridors (such as length, width, etc.), and the resistance values ​​reflect the degree of obstruction of the ecological corridors to the ecological flow (such as species migration, energy flow, etc.);

[0036] Apply circuit theory for calculation: Use Circuitscape to import the constructed circuit model, set the current source and ground node. Usually, you can select one ecological source as the current source and the other as the ground node, or select multiple current sources and ground nodes according to research needs, run Circuitscape for calculation, and get the current value or voltage value of each node. The current value or voltage value reflects the centrality of the ecological corridor in the urban ecosystem, that is, the importance of the ecological corridor to the ecological flow.

[0037] Further, in S4, the importance of urban ecological corridors is graded according to the centrality value, specifically in the following steps:

[0038] Determine the classification standard: According to the calculation results of the centrality value, different thresholds are set to classify the importance level of the ecological corridor. The classification standard is set according to the research purpose and actual needs, such as "key corridor", "important corridor", "general corridor", etc.;

[0039] Grading: Compare the centrality value of each ecological corridor with the set threshold, and classify the ecological corridor into the corresponding level according to the comparison result.

[0040] Furthermore, in S5, a suitability index system is constructed using random forests. The specific steps are as follows:

[0041] Random sampling: Randomly extract multiple subsets from the original data set as training sets, each subset contains input features and output targets;

[0042] Construct a decision tree: Construct a decision tree for each training set. During the construction process, each tree randomly selects some input features for splitting.

[0043] Ensemble learning: Integrate the prediction results of all decision trees and obtain the final prediction result through voting or averaging;

[0044] Indicator screening: The feature importance evaluation function in the random forest model is used to automatically screen ecological factors that have a significant impact on the distribution of key species as indicators. The random forest model calculates the contribution of each input feature to the prediction result, that is, the feature importance. According to the size of the feature importance value, the top-ranked ecological factors are selected as indicators in the indicator system;

[0045] Weight assignment: Use the feature contribution degree in the random forest model to assign weights to the selected indicators. Each tree in the random forest model calculates the contribution degree of each feature to the prediction result, and the contribution degrees are averaged or weighted averaged to obtain the final weight of each feature.

[0046] Further, in S5, the weighted overlay calculation uses the raster calculator tool of the GIS tool to perform weighted overlay calculation on the selected indicators to obtain the suitability score of each grid cell. The calculation formula is where S represents the suitability score of the grid cell, W i represents the weight of the i-th indicator (obtained from the random forest model), I i represents the score of the i-th indicator (obtained through standardization processing), and n represents the number of indicators.

[0047] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. In the present invention, a dynamic resistance coefficient assignment method is adopted to update the resistance surface in real time according to the changes in the ecological environment and land use types, improving the accuracy and timeliness of the resistance surface and more truly reflecting the dynamic changes of the ecological environment.

[0049] 2. In the present invention, a method for constructing a suitability index system based on machine learning is established to realize the automatic screening and weight assignment of indicators, improving the scientificity and rationality of the index system and providing a more accurate basis for the planning of ecological corridors. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0050] Figure 1 It is a step diagram of a method for delimiting the control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolis corridor proposed by the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0051] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a method for delimiting the control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolis corridor, including the following steps:

[0053] S1: Data acquisition and processing: Acquire and process the urban geographic information corresponding to each landscape unit in the selected area. The urban geographic information includes land use type, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate;

[0054] S2: Resistance surface construction: By comprehensively considering land use types, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate, using GIS, overlay the multi-source data layers of urban geographical information to form a comprehensive dataset. By setting weights and thresholds, fuse different data layers to generate a resistance coefficient layer, assign resistance coefficients to different landscape units, construct a resistance surface, regularly collect data on changes in the ecological environment and land use types, and update the resistance coefficients of each landscape unit and the resistance surface according to the collected change data;

[0055] S3: Determination of the path of the metropolitan corridor: Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model, calculate the minimum cumulative resistance path between any two ecological source areas, select the path with the minimum resistance as the preliminary path of the ecological corridor, optimize the preliminary path, consider avoiding important facilities within the metropolis, and at the same time combine the overall planning and development direction of the metropolis to determine the final path;

[0056] S4: Centrality calculation and importance grading: Evaluate the position and role of urban ecological corridors in the overall ecosystem, calculate the centrality of urban ecological corridors based on circuit theory to determine the centrality value of each ecological corridor, and grade the importance of urban ecological corridors according to the centrality value;

[0057] S5: Construction of the suitability index system and determination of the spatial scope: Determine the suitable construction spatial scope and priority level of urban ecological corridors. By determining the key species of urban ecological corridors, establish a suitability index system based on machine learning to realize the automatic screening and weight assignment of indicators, and perform weighted overlay calculation on each suitability indicator to determine which areas are suitable for constructing ecological corridors.

[0058] In one embodiment, for the above S1, in S1, introduce drone remote sensing and satellite remote sensing to collect data on the metropolitan corridor area, collect land use types, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate, upload the collected urban geographical information to the cloud computing platform, and use big data technology for processing and analysis.

[0059] In one embodiment, for the above S2, in S2, the specific steps for constructing the resistance surface are:

[0060] Resistance coefficient assignment:

[0061] Dynamic resistance coefficient assignment: According to changes in the ecological environment and land use types, update the resistance coefficient in real time. For example, if the ecological quality of a certain area is improved (such as afforestation, ecological restoration, etc.), its resistance coefficient should be correspondingly reduced;

[0062] Multi-source data fusion: Considering terrain, climate, and ecological quality comprehensively, resistance coefficients are assigned to different landscape units. For example, in areas with high altitude, aridity, and poor ecological quality, the resistance coefficient should be higher than that in areas with low altitude, humidity, and good ecological quality;

[0063] Resistance surface construction:

[0064] The resistance surface is calculated by the following formula:

[0065] Where, R represents the comprehensive resistance value, w i represents the weight of the i-th factor, and R i represents the resistance coefficient of the i-th factor;

[0066] Resistance surface verification and adjustment:

[0067] Through means such as field investigation and remote sensing monitoring, the constructed resistance surface is verified to ensure its accuracy and reliability. According to the verification results, the resistance surface is adjusted and optimized to improve its accuracy and applicability.

[0068] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned resistance coefficient assignment, the specific steps of resistance coefficient assignment are as follows:

[0069] Collect dynamic data: Regularly collect data on changes in the ecological environment and land use types, including land use types, ecological quality, NDVI, and various factors such as terrain and climate, such as vegetation restoration status, progress of ecological restoration projects, and urban construction plans;

[0070] Calculate the comprehensive resistance coefficient: Considering multiple factors comprehensively, calculate the comprehensive resistance coefficient for each landscape unit. The formula for calculating the comprehensive resistance coefficient is Where, R i represents the comprehensive resistance coefficient of the i-th landscape unit, w j represents the weight of the j-th influencing factor. The determination of the weight can be carried out through methods such as expert scoring and principal component analysis. R ij represents the resistance coefficient of the i-th landscape unit under the j-th influencing factor:

[0071] Update the resistance coefficient: According to the collected dynamic data, update the resistance coefficients of each landscape unit. For example, if the ecological quality of a certain area is improved (such as through afforestation, ecological restoration, etc.), its resistance coefficient is reduced from the original 0.6 to 0.4;

[0072] Suppose there are two landscape units A and B in a certain area. Among them, A is a forest area with low altitude, humidity and relatively good ecological quality, and B is a grassland area with high altitude, aridity and relatively poor ecological quality. According to the multi-source data fusion method, we can calculate the comprehensive resistance coefficients for A and B respectively. Suppose the weights of terrain, climate and ecological quality are 0.3, 0.2 and 0.5 respectively, then the comprehensive resistance coefficients of A and B can be calculated as: RA = 0.3 * RA_terrain + 0.2 * RA_climate + 0.5 * RA_ecological_quality

[0073] RB = 0.3 * RB_terrain + 0.2 * RB_climate + 0.5 * RB_ecological_quality.

[0074] In one embodiment, for the above S3, in S3, using the minimum cumulative resistance model, combined with the comprehensive resistance surface and ecological source data, calculate the minimum cumulative resistance path between any two ecological source areas. The formula of the minimum cumulative resistance model is where MCR represents the minimum cumulative resistance, D i represents the distance from a certain ecological element to a certain point on the corridor path, R i represents the resistance coefficient of this point, and n represents the number of points on the path;

[0075] According to the result calculated by the minimum cumulative resistance model, select the path with the minimum resistance as the preliminary path of the ecological corridor;

[0076] On the basis of the preliminary path, consider avoiding important facilities within the metropolis, such as transportation hubs, high-voltage pylons, cultural relics and historic sites, etc., and combine the overall plan and development direction of the metropolis to optimize the ecological corridor path to make it coordinated with urban development;

[0077] Make local adjustments to the preliminary path to improve its connectivity, landscape effect and ecological function. During the path adjustment process, repair the damaged ecological areas to restore their ecological functions;

[0078] Conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the optimized path, including aspects such as ecological effects, social benefits, economic benefits, etc. According to the comprehensive evaluation results, determine the final path;

[0079] Data preparation: Collect information such as the locations, areas, and ecological qualities of the two ecological source areas A and B, as well as multi-source data such as terrain, climate, and land use types;

[0080] Construct a comprehensive resistance surface: According to factors such as terrain, climate, and land use types, assign resistance coefficients to different landscape units, and use GIS technology to superimpose the resistance coefficients of each landscape unit to form a comprehensive resistance surface;

[0081] Determine the preliminary path: Using the minimum cumulative resistance model, combined with the comprehensive resistance surface and data of two ecological source areas A and B, calculate the minimum cumulative resistance path as the preliminary path of the ecological corridor;

[0082] Path optimization: Considering factors such as avoiding important facilities and integrating urban planning, make local adjustments and optimizations to the preliminary path. At the same time, repair the damaged ecological areas;

[0083] Final determination: Conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the optimized ecological corridor path and finally determine the path according to the evaluation results.

[0084] In one embodiment, for the above S4, in S4, the specific steps of centrality calculation are as follows:

[0085] Data preparation: Collect relevant data of all ecological corridors in the metropolitan area, including the length, width, location coordinates, connection relationships, etc. of the corridors, ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data, and perform necessary data cleaning and preprocessing;

[0086] Construct a circuit model: Regard the urban ecological corridor as a wire in the circuit, regard the connection points or intersections between ecological corridors as nodes in the circuit, and set resistance values for the wires and nodes in the circuit model according to the actual attributes of the ecological corridor (such as length, width, etc.). The resistance value reflects the degree of obstruction of the ecological corridor to ecological flows (such as species migration, energy flow, etc.);

[0087] Apply circuit theory for calculation: Import the constructed circuit model into Circuitscape, set the current source and the grounding node. Usually, one ecological source area can be selected as the current source and another as the grounding node, or multiple current sources and grounding nodes can be selected according to the research needs. Run Circuitscape for calculation to obtain the current value or voltage value of each node. The current value or voltage value reflects the centrality of the ecological corridor in the urban ecosystem, that is, the importance of the ecological corridor to ecological flows;

[0088] Suppose there is a simple network composed of three ecological corridors, which are respectively connected to three nodes A, B, and C. Through calculation with the Circuitscape tool, we can obtain the current value of each node. For example, the current value of node A is relatively high, indicating that the ecological corridor it connects plays an important role in ecological flows; while the current value of node C is relatively low, indicating that the ecological corridor it connects makes less contribution to ecological flows.

[0089] In one embodiment, for the above S4, in S4, according to the centrality value, conduct importance grading for urban ecological corridors. The specific steps are as follows:

[0090] Determine the grading criteria: According to the calculation results of the centrality values, set different thresholds to divide the importance levels of ecological corridors. The grading criteria are set according to the research purpose and actual needs, such as being divided into "key corridors", "important corridors", "general corridors", etc.;

[0091] Conduct grading: Compare the centrality value of each ecological corridor with the set threshold. According to the comparison results, classify the ecological corridors into the corresponding levels;

[0092] Continue with the example of the network of the above three ecological corridors. Suppose we set two thresholds T1 and T2 (T1 < T2). Corridors with centrality values greater than T2 are classified as "key corridors", corridors with centrality values between T1 and T2 are classified as "important corridors", and corridors with centrality values less than T1 are classified as "general corridors". By comparing the centrality value of each corridor with these two thresholds, we can classify them into different levels. For example, if the centrality value of corridor A is greater than T2, it is regarded as a "key corridor"; if the centrality value of corridor B is between T1 and T2, it is regarded as an "important corridor"; if the centrality value of corridor C is less than T1, it is regarded as a "general corridor".

[0093] In one embodiment, for S5 above, in S5, a suitability index system is constructed using random forest. The specific steps are as follows:

[0094] Random sampling: Randomly select multiple subsets from the original dataset as the training set, and each subset contains input features and output targets;

[0095] Construct decision trees: Construct a decision tree for each training set, and each tree randomly selects some input features for splitting during the construction process;

[0096] Ensemble learning: Integrate the prediction results of all decision trees, and obtain the final prediction result through voting or averaging, etc.;

[0097] Index screening: Use the feature importance evaluation function in the random forest model to automatically screen out the ecological factors that have an important impact on the distribution of key species as indicators. The random forest model will calculate the contribution degree of each input feature to the prediction result, that is, the feature importance. According to the size of the feature importance value, select the top-ranked ecological factors as the indicators in the index system;

[0098] Weight assignment: Use the feature contribution degree in the random forest model to assign weights to the screened indicators. Each tree in the random forest model will calculate the contribution degree of each feature to the prediction result, and average or weighted average the contribution degrees to obtain the final weight of each feature;

[0099] Suppose we are planning the ecological corridor of a certain city, and a certain rare bird species has been identified as the key species. We have collected data on five ecological factors, namely vegetation coverage, soil type, water source conditions, slope, and aspect. Then, we used the random forest algorithm to build a model and carried out index screening and weight assignment;

[0100] Index screening: Through the feature importance evaluation function of the random forest model, we found that vegetation coverage, water source conditions, and slope have important impacts on the distribution of the key species. Therefore, we selected them as the indicators in the index system;

[0101] Weight assignment: The random forest model calculated the weights of these three indicators, which are 0.45, 0.35, and 0.20 respectively.

[0102] In one embodiment, for the above S5, in S5, the weighted overlay calculation uses the raster calculator tool of the GIS tool to perform weighted overlay calculation on the selected indicators to obtain the suitability score of each grid cell. The calculation formula is where S represents the suitability score of the grid cell, W i represents the weight of the i-th indicator (obtained from the random forest model), I i represents the score of the i-th indicator (obtained through standardization), and n represents the number of indicators.

[0103] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for demarcating control zones of the spatial form of a metropolitan corridor, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Data acquisition and processing: Acquire and process the urban geographical information corresponding to each landscape unit within the selected area. The urban geographical information includes land use type, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate; S2: Resistance surface construction: By comprehensively considering land use type, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate, use GIS to overlay the multi-source data layers to which the urban geographical information belongs to form a comprehensive data set. By setting weights and thresholds, fuse different data layers to generate a resistance coefficient layer, assign resistance coefficients to different landscape units, construct a resistance surface, regularly collect the change data of the ecological environment and land use type, and update the resistance coefficients of each landscape unit and the resistance surface according to the collected change data; S3: Determination of the metropolitan corridor path: Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model, calculate the minimum cumulative resistance path between any two ecological source areas, select the path with the minimum resistance as the preliminary path of the ecological corridor, optimize the preliminary path, consider avoiding important facilities within the metropolis, and at the same time combine the overall plan and development direction of the metropolis to determine the final path; S4: Centrality calculation and importance grading: Evaluate the position and role of the urban ecological corridor in the overall ecosystem, calculate the centrality of the urban ecological corridor based on circuit theory to determine the centrality value of each ecological corridor, and grade the importance of the urban ecological corridor according to the centrality value; S5: Construction of the suitability index system and determination of the spatial range: Determine the suitable construction spatial range and priority level of the urban ecological corridor. By determining the key species of the urban ecological corridor, establish a suitability index system based on machine learning to realize the automatic screening and weight assignment of the indexes, and perform weighted overlay calculation on each suitability index to determine which areas are suitable for constructing ecological corridors.

2. The method for demarcating the control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolis corridor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, introduce drone remote sensing and satellite remote sensing to collect data in the metropolitan corridor area, collect land use type, ecological quality, NDVI, as well as terrain and climate, upload the collected urban geographical information to the cloud computing platform, and use big data technology for processing and analysis.

3. A method for delimiting control zones of the spatial form of a metropolis corridor, as claimed in claim 1, wherein In S2, the specific steps for constructing the resistance surface are: Resistance coefficient assignment: Dynamic resistance coefficient assignment: Update the resistance coefficient in real time according to the changes in the ecological environment and land use type; Multi-source data fusion: Use GIS to overlay the multi-source data layers to form a comprehensive data set, and by setting weights and thresholds, fuse different data layers to generate a resistance coefficient layer and assign resistance coefficients to different landscape units; Resistance surface construction: The resistance surface is calculated by the following formula: Among them, R represents the comprehensive resistance value, w i represents the weight of the i-th factor, and R i represents the resistance coefficient of the i-th factor; Resistance surface verification and adjustment: Verify the constructed resistance surface and adjust the resistance surface according to the verification results.

4. A method for demarcating the control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolitan corridor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps for the resistance coefficient assignment are: Collect dynamic data: Regularly collect the change data of the ecological environment and land use type, including the vegetation restoration situation, the progress of ecological restoration projects, and the urban construction plan; Calculate the comprehensive resistance coefficient: Considering various factors comprehensively, calculate the comprehensive resistance coefficient for each landscape unit. The formula for the comprehensive resistance coefficient is where R i represents the comprehensive resistance coefficient of the i-th landscape unit, and w j represents the weight of the j-th influencing factor, and R ij represents the resistance coefficient of the i-th landscape unit under the j-th influencing factor: Update the resistance coefficient: Update the resistance coefficients of each landscape unit according to the collected dynamic data.

5. A method for delimiting a control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolis corridor, as described in claim 1, wherein, In S3, using the minimum cumulative resistance model, combined with the comprehensive resistance surface and ecological source data, calculate the minimum cumulative resistance path between any two ecological source areas. The formula of the minimum cumulative resistance model is where MCR represents the minimum cumulative resistance, D i represents the distance from a certain ecological element to a certain point on the corridor path, and R i represents the resistance coefficient of this point, and n represents the number of points on the path; Based on the results calculated by the minimum cumulative resistance model, select the path with the least resistance as the preliminary path of the ecological corridor; On the basis of the preliminary path, consider avoiding important facilities within the metropolis, and optimize the ecological corridor path in combination with the overall plan and development direction of the metropolis; Make local adjustments to the preliminary path. During the path adjustment process, repair the damaged ecological areas, and the repair includes vegetation restoration, water system restoration, habitat reconstruction, and soil restoration; After the ecological corridor path has been preliminarily planned, locally adjusted, and the damaged ecological areas have been repaired, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the optimized path. The comprehensive evaluation includes ecological evaluation, socio-economic evaluation, risk assessment, and cost-benefit analysis. According to the results of the comprehensive evaluation, determine the final path.

6. A method for delimiting a control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolis corridor, as claimed in claim 1, wherein In S4, the specific steps for calculating the centrality are as follows: Data preparation: Collect relevant data of all ecological corridors within the metropolis area; Construct a circuit model: Regard the urban ecological corridor as a wire in the circuit, and regard the connection points or intersections between ecological corridors as nodes in the circuit. According to the actual attributes of the ecological corridor, set resistance values for the wires and nodes in the circuit model. The resistance value reflects the degree of obstruction of the ecological corridor to the ecological flow; Apply circuit theory for calculation: Import the constructed circuit model into Circuitscape, set the current source and the grounding node, and run Circuitscape for calculation to obtain the current value or voltage value of each node. The current value or voltage value reflects the centrality of the ecological corridor in the urban ecological system, that is, the importance of the ecological corridor to the ecological flow.

7. A method for delimiting a control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolitan corridor, according to claim 1, characterized in that In S4, the specific steps for classifying the importance of urban ecological corridors according to the centrality value are as follows: Determine the classification criteria: According to the calculation results of the centrality value, set different thresholds to divide the importance levels of ecological corridors; Conduct classification: Compare the centrality value of each ecological corridor with the set threshold, and according to the comparison results, classify the ecological corridor into the corresponding level.

8. A method for demarcating a control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolitan corridor, as described in claim 1, wherein In S5, use random forest to construct a suitability index system. The specific steps are as follows: Random sampling: Randomly select multiple subsets from the original dataset as the training set, and each subset contains input features and output targets; Construct decision trees: Construct a decision tree for each training set, and each tree randomly selects some input features for splitting during the construction process; Ensemble learning: Integrate the prediction results of all decision trees and obtain the final prediction result through voting; Index screening: Use the feature importance evaluation function in the random forest model to automatically screen out ecological factors that have an important impact on the distribution of key species as indicators. The random forest model will calculate the contribution degree of each input feature to the prediction result, that is, the feature importance. According to the size of the feature importance value, select the top-ranked ecological factors as the indicators in the index system; Weight assignment: Use the feature contribution degree in the random forest model to assign weights to the selected indicators. Each tree in the random forest model will calculate the contribution degree of each feature to the prediction result, and average or weighted average the contribution degrees to obtain the final weight of each feature.

9. A method for delimiting the control zoning of the spatial form of a metropolitan corridor, as described in claim 8, characterized in that In S5, the weighted overlay calculation uses the raster calculator tool of the GIS tool to perform weighted overlay calculation on the selected indicators to obtain the suitability score of each raster cell. The calculation formula is where S represents the suitability score of the raster cell, and W i represents the weight of the i-th indicator, and I i represents the score of the i-th indicator, and n represents the number of indicators.

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