Intelligent alarm system and method for distribution box

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent alarm system and method for a distribution box, and relates to the technical field of intelligent alarm. The magnetic field intensity value of a distribution box door magnetic switch is monitored in real time to judge whether a distribution box door is in an open state; if so, collecting a vibration signal of the distribution box to judge whether the vibration of the distribution box is abnormal; recording the opening timestamp of the door of the distribution box, and judging the coincidence degree of the door opening time of the distribution box and the historical door opening time; jointly judging whether the door opening state of the current distribution box door is normal door opening or abnormal door opening, and if the door opening state is abnormal, sending out a first-level alarm; if normal, monitoring the door opening duration of the distribution box door and the current environmental data to judge whether a secondary alarm indicating that the hidden danger of damaging the power equipment exists is sent out; therefore, illegal door opening of the distribution box can be judged according to the change of the magnetic field state of the door magnetic switch, the vibration of the distribution box and the opening time of the distribution box door, and the false alarm rate is reduced; therefore, the fault hidden danger of the power equipment in the power distribution box cannot be further deepened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent alarm, and particularly relates to an intelligent alarm system and method for a distribution box. Background Art

[0002] Distribution box alarm refers to the use of intelligent monitoring means to detect in real time for possible abnormal situations during the operation of the distribution box, and trigger an alarm when an abnormality is found to ensure the safety of power equipment. Among them, illegal door opening alarm is one of the important functions of distribution box safety monitoring, mainly using a door magnetic switch to detect the state of the distribution box door; when the distribution box door is illegally opened, the magnetic field state of the door magnetic switch changes, and the system will immediately trigger an alarm to notify the operation and maintenance personnel that the distribution box has been illegally opened, and measures need to be taken in time to prevent the loss of power equipment in the distribution box or further faults. However, during actual operation, if it is determined that the distribution box has been illegally opened only based on the change in the magnetic field state of the door magnetic switch, it may lead to inaccurate judgment and an increase in the false alarm rate; in addition, if the distribution box door is opened due to various reasons rather than illegal opening, and no alarm is given in time, even if there is no illegal opening, it may also lead to a further increase in the potential fault of the power equipment in the distribution box. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provide an intelligent alarm system and method for a distribution box.

[0004] In the first aspect of the implementation of the present invention, an intelligent alarm method for a distribution box is first proposed, and the method includes: Real-time monitor the magnetic field intensity value of the door magnetic switch of the distribution box, and judge whether the distribution box door is in an open state according to the real-time magnetic field intensity value; If the real-time distribution box door is in an open state, collect the vibration signal of the distribution box, calculate the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box according to the real-time vibration signal, and judge whether the vibration of the distribution box is abnormal; If the real-time distribution box door is in an open state, record the time stamp when the distribution box door is opened, calculate the door opening time anomaly value of the distribution box according to the opened time stamp and the historical door opening time, and judge the coincidence degree between the door opening time of the distribution box and the historical door opening time; Judge whether the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening or abnormal opening according to the vibration anomaly value and the door opening time anomaly value of the distribution box. If the current opening state of the distribution box door is an abnormal opening state, immediately issue a first-level alarm for the abnormal opening state. If the current opening state of the distribution box door is a normal opening state, monitor the door opening duration of the distribution box door and the current environmental data, and judge whether to issue a second-level alarm for the potential hazard of damaging power equipment according to the door opening duration and the current environmental data.

[0005] Optionally, the steps for determining whether the distribution box door is in the open state based on the real-time magnetic field intensity are as follows: Perform low-pass filtering on the magnetic field intensity value of the monitoring distribution box door magnetic switch monitored in real time, and sort the magnetic field intensity values after low-pass filtering based on the time sequence to obtain a magnetic field intensity value sequence; Divide the magnetic field intensity value sequence into a certain time window to obtain several windows, extract the features of each window, combine the feature values of each window into a feature vector, and each window corresponds to a feature vector; the features include the mean, standard deviation, maximum value, minimum value, skewness, and kurtosis of the window; Cluster the feature vectors of adjacent time windows to obtain several clustering clusters, and each clustering cluster contains several windows; Analyze two adjacent time windows. If the two adjacent time windows do not belong to the same clustering cluster, then the change point is marked between the two time windows; When there is a change point between two time windows, calculate the similarity between adjacent windows. If the similarity is less than the preset similarity threshold, the change in the magnetic field intensity value between the two time windows is an abnormal fluctuation. At this time, it is determined that the distribution box door is in the open state.

[0006] Optionally, the steps for calculating the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box based on the real-time vibration signal are as follows: Collect the vibration signal of the distribution box in real time, filter the vibration signal, and use the FFT algorithm to convert the processed vibration signal from the time domain to the frequency domain to obtain the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal; Extract the maximum vibration signal corresponding to the normal vibration of the distribution box from the historical data, and record the frequency of the maximum vibration signal in the frequency domain as the historical vibration fundamental frequency; Use the historical vibration fundamental frequency as the frequency threshold for the frequency spectrum of the current vibration signal, divide the frequency spectrum into a high-frequency region and a low-frequency region, calculate the energy of the high-frequency region and the total energy of the frequency spectrum, and divide the energy of the high-frequency region by the total energy of the frequency spectrum to obtain the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box.

[0007] Optionally, the steps for calculating the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box based on the opening timestamp and the historical opening time are as follows: Obtain the current opening timestamp of the distribution box door, and obtain the opening timestamps when the distribution box is normally inspected every day within the past preset period, and calculate the mean of all timestamps as the reference timestamp; Calculate the standard deviation of all timestamps, and use the reference timestamp as the center, and use the left and right standard deviations as the historical normal time range for the opening of the distribution box door; Compare the current timestamp when the distribution box door is opened with the historical normal time range for the opening of the distribution box door. If the current timestamp when the distribution box door is opened is within the historical normal time range, record the abnormal value of the door opening time of the distribution box as 0; If the current timestamp when the distribution box door is opened is not within the historical normal time range, calculate the time difference between the current timestamp when the distribution box door is opened and the nearest critical value of the historical normal time range, and divide the time difference by the time length corresponding to the historical normal time range to obtain the abnormal value of the door opening time of the distribution box.

[0008] Optionally, the steps to determine whether the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening or abnormal opening based on the vibration abnormal value and the door opening time abnormal value of the distribution box are as follows: Add the vibration abnormal value and the door opening time abnormal value of the distribution box to obtain the abnormal value of the opening state. Compare the abnormal value of the opening state with the preset threshold value of the abnormal value of the opening state. If the abnormal value of the opening state is less than the preset threshold value of the abnormal value of the opening state, the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening; if the abnormal value of the opening state is not less than the preset threshold value of the abnormal value of the opening state, the current opening state of the distribution box door is abnormal opening, and immediately issue a first-level alarm for the abnormal opening state.

[0009] Optionally, the steps to determine whether to issue a second-level alarm for the potential hazard of damaging power equipment based on the opening duration and the current environmental data are as follows: Obtain the time length for which the distribution box door has been opened, and divide the time length for which the door has been opened by the preset maximum allowable opening time length to obtain the abnormal ratio of the door opening time; Obtain the average temperature and humidity inside the cabinet before the distribution box door is opened and the average temperature and humidity inside the cabinet after the distribution box door is opened, calculate the absolute difference between the average temperature and humidity before and after, and integrate the absolute difference with the time length for which the distribution box door has been opened to obtain the temperature and humidity difference coefficient; and divide the temperature and humidity difference coefficient by the preset temperature and humidity difference coefficient to obtain the environmental impact factor; Obtain the power equipment damage coefficient based on the abnormal ratio of the door opening time and the environmental impact factor, and determine whether to issue a second-level alarm for the potential hazard of damaging power equipment based on the power equipment damage coefficient and the preset threshold value of the power equipment damage coefficient.

[0010] Optionally, the steps to obtain the power equipment damage coefficient based on the abnormal ratio of the door opening time and the environmental impact factor, and determine whether to issue a second-level alarm for the potential hazard of damaging power equipment based on the power equipment damage coefficient and the preset threshold value of the power equipment damage coefficient are as follows: The opening time anomaly ratio and the environmental impact factor are weighted and summed to obtain the power equipment damage coefficient. The power equipment damage coefficient is compared with the preset power equipment damage coefficient threshold. If the power equipment damage coefficient is not less than the preset power equipment damage coefficient threshold, a secondary alarm indicating potential damage to the power equipment is issued.

[0011] In the second aspect of the implementation of the present invention, a smart alarm system for a distribution box is proposed. The system includes: Judgment module: Real-time monitor the magnetic field strength value of the door magnetic switch of the distribution box, and judge whether the distribution box door is in the open state according to the real-time magnetic field strength value; Vibration anomaly module: If the distribution box door is in the open state in real time, collect the vibration signal of the distribution box, calculate the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box according to the real-time vibration signal, and judge whether the vibration of the distribution box is abnormal; Opening time anomaly module: If the distribution box door is in the open state in real time, record the time stamp when the distribution box door is opened, calculate the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box according to the opened time stamp and the historical opening time, and judge the coincidence degree between the opening time of the distribution box and the historical opening time; Primary alarm module: Judge whether the opening state of the current distribution box door is normal opening or abnormal opening according to the vibration anomaly value and the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box. If the opening state of the current distribution box door is abnormal opening, immediately issue a primary alarm for abnormal opening state; Secondary alarm module: If the opening state of the current distribution box door is normal opening, monitor the opening duration of the distribution box door and the current environmental data, and judge whether to issue a secondary alarm indicating potential damage to the power equipment according to the opening duration and the current environmental data.

[0012] Advantages of the present invention: The present invention proposes a smart alarm system and method for a distribution box. By jointly judging the illegal opening of the distribution box through the change of the magnetic field state of the door magnetic switch, the vibration of the distribution box, and the time when the distribution box door is opened, the judgment result is ensured to be rigorous, and the false alarm rate is reduced; at the same time, an alarm is issued in a timely manner to ensure that the power equipment in the distribution box will not further deepen the potential fault. Description of the drawings

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a smart alarm method for a distribution box; Figure 2 It is a framework diagram of a smart alarm system for a distribution box. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method for intelligent alarm of a distribution box. Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a flowchart of a method for intelligent alarm of a distribution box provided by the embodiments of the present invention. The method includes the following steps: Real-time monitor the magnetic field intensity value of the magnetic switch of the distribution box door, and judge whether the distribution box door is in an open state according to the real-time magnetic field intensity value; If the real-time distribution box door is in an open state, collect the vibration signal of the distribution box, calculate the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box according to the real-time vibration signal, and judge whether the vibration of the distribution box is abnormal; If the real-time distribution box door is in an open state, record the time stamp when the distribution box door is opened, calculate the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box according to the opening time stamp and the historical opening time, and judge the coincidence degree between the opening time of the distribution box and the historical opening time; Judge whether the current opening state of the distribution box door is a normal opening or an abnormal opening according to the vibration anomaly value and the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box. If the current opening state of the distribution box door is an abnormal opening state, immediately issue a first-level alarm for the abnormal opening state; If the current opening state of the distribution box door is a normal opening state, monitor the opening duration of the distribution box door and the current environmental data, and judge whether to issue a second-level alarm for the potential hazard of damaging electrical equipment according to the opening duration and the current environmental data.

[0018] Based on a method for intelligent alarm of a distribution box provided by the embodiments of the present invention, in the above manner, it is jointly judged whether the distribution box has been illegally opened through the change of the magnetic field state of the magnetic switch, the vibration of the distribution box, and the time when the distribution box door is opened, ensuring the rigor of the judgment result and reducing the false alarm rate; at the same time, an alarm is issued in a timely manner to ensure that the electrical equipment in the distribution box will not further deepen the potential fault hazard.

[0019] In one embodiment, real-time monitor the magnetic field intensity value of the magnetic switch of the distribution box door, and judge whether the distribution box door is in an open state according to the real-time magnetic field intensity value; The step of judging whether the distribution box door is in an open state according to the real-time magnetic field intensity is: Perform low-pass filtering on the magnetic field intensity values of the monitoring distribution box door magnetic switch monitored in real time, and sort the magnetic field intensity values after low-pass filtering based on the time sequence to obtain a magnetic field intensity value sequence; Divide the magnetic field intensity value sequence into several windows according to a certain time window, extract the features of each window, and combine the feature values of each window into a feature vector, with each window corresponding to a feature vector; the features include the mean, standard deviation, maximum value, minimum value, skewness, and kurtosis of the window; Cluster the feature vectors of adjacent time windows to obtain several clusters, with each cluster containing several windows; Analyze two adjacent time windows. If the two adjacent time windows do not belong to the same cluster, then a change point is recorded between the two time windows; When there is a change point between two time windows, calculate the similarity between adjacent windows (such as Euclidean distance, cosine similarity). If the similarity is less than the preset similarity threshold, then the change in the magnetic field intensity value corresponding to the two time windows is an abnormal fluctuation, and at this time, it is judged that the distribution box door is in an open state.

[0020] It should be noted that the magnetic field intensity data is continuously obtained through the door magnetic switch sensor, and the time stamp is recorded to form time series data; since the magnetic field signal may be affected by environmental interference (such as external electromagnetic fields, short-term noise, etc.), there may be large fluctuations in the original signal data, so preprocessing is required; low-pass filtering (such as moving average filtering, Gaussian filtering) is used to process the magnetic field data to remove high-frequency noise and make the signal more stable.

[0021] In one implementation, divide the magnetic field intensity value sequence according to the set time window size (such as 1 second, 5 seconds, etc.) to obtain multiple time windows, with each window containing a set of magnetic field data points; extract the key statistical features of each window to construct a feature vector: mean (measuring the average value of the magnetic field signal within the window, reflecting the overall state), standard deviation (measuring the fluctuation amplitude of the magnetic field signal), maximum and minimum values (recording the magnetic field intensity range within the window), skewness (judging whether the signal distribution deviates from the normal distribution and detecting abnormal fluctuations), kurtosis (detecting the peak characteristics of the signal and judging whether there are mutations); the advantage of using these features for clustering is that it can effectively identify the patterns of the magnetic field signal in different states, reduce noise interference, thereby more accurately distinguish the open door state and environmental noise, reduce false alarms, and improve the reliability of the system.

[0022] In one implementation, the advantage of judging whether the distribution box door is open in this way is that it can comprehensively analyze the overall change trend of the magnetic field signal, rather than relying solely on single-point threshold judgment, reducing false alarms caused by instantaneous fluctuations or short-term interference. The clustering method can adaptively divide different states, enabling the system to adapt to different environmental conditions, such as changes in magnetic field background noise. The similarity calculation further enhances the ability to detect abnormal fluctuations, ensuring that only significant magnetic field changes will trigger the door opening judgment, thereby improving the detection accuracy and robustness, reducing the false alarm rate at the same time, and enhancing the reliability of the distribution box safety monitoring.

[0023] In one embodiment, if the real-time distribution box door is in the open state, the vibration signal of the distribution box is collected, and the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box is calculated according to the real-time vibration signal to determine whether the vibration of the distribution box is abnormal; Among them, the steps of calculating the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box according to the real-time vibration signal are as follows: Collect the vibration signal of the distribution box in real time, perform filtering processing on the vibration signal, and use the FFT algorithm to convert the processed vibration signal from the time domain to the frequency domain to obtain the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal; Extract the maximum vibration signal corresponding to the distribution box during normal vibration from the historical data, and record the frequency of the maximum vibration signal in the frequency domain as the historical vibration basic frequency; Take the historical vibration basic frequency as the frequency threshold for the frequency spectrum of the current vibration signal, divide the frequency spectrum into a high-frequency region and a low-frequency region, calculate the energy of the high-frequency region and the total energy of the frequency spectrum, and divide the energy of the high-frequency region by the total energy of the frequency spectrum to obtain the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box.

[0024] It should be noted that in the above calculation process of the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box, the data acquisition methods mainly include a combination of real-time acquisition and historical data extraction. First, a high-precision acceleration sensor or MEMS inertial measurement unit (IMU) is used to monitor the vibration signal of the distribution box in real time, and the collected time-domain signal is filtered to remove high-frequency noise and low-frequency interference to ensure the purity of the signal. Subsequently, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used to convert the time-domain signal to the frequency domain to extract the frequency components and energy distribution. The acquisition of historical data depends on the long-term vibration monitoring system, which records the vibration characteristics of the distribution box under normal operating conditions, and extracts the stable basic vibration frequency as a reference benchmark through data analysis methods. In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy of anomaly detection, a sliding window or data storage strategy can also be used to update the statistical characteristics of the normal vibration frequency in real time to adapt to the vibration changes under different environmental conditions. In this way, the system can accurately distinguish normal vibration and abnormal vibration, improve the reliability of vibration anomaly detection, and effectively assist in judging whether the distribution box has been damaged by external forces or other abnormal events.

[0025] In one implementation, the vibration outlier refers to the relative energy proportion of the high-frequency components in the current vibration signal of the distribution box, which reflects the intensity of the sudden and high-frequency fluctuations in the vibration signal. Usually, when the distribution box is opened normally, the vibration is relatively stable, and its frequency components are mainly concentrated in the lower frequency bands. However, illegal opening of the door (such as forced prying, impact, or violent shaking) will cause significant high-frequency vibrations, resulting in a significant increase in the energy proportion in the high-frequency region. Therefore, the larger the vibration outlier, the more abnormal high-frequency components are included in the current vibration signal, and the more obvious the difference from the normal vibration mode, which means a higher probability of illegal opening or external damage to the distribution box door. In this way, normal operations and illegal intrusions can be effectively distinguished, thereby improving the accuracy and security of the alarm.

[0026] In one embodiment, if the real-time distribution box door is in the open state, record the timestamp when the distribution box door is opened, calculate the opening time outlier of the distribution box according to the opened timestamp and the historical opening time, and judge the coincidence degree between the opening time of the distribution box and the historical opening time; The steps for calculating the opening time outlier of the distribution box according to the opened timestamp and the historical opening time are as follows: Obtain the current opened timestamp of the distribution box door, and obtain the timestamps of opening the distribution box for inspection during normal inspections of the distribution box every day in the past preset period, and calculate the average value of all timestamps as the reference timestamp; Calculate the standard deviation of all timestamps, and take the left and right standard deviations centered on the reference timestamp as the historical normal time range for the distribution box door to open; Compare the current opened timestamp of the distribution box door with the historical normal time range for the distribution box door to open. If the current opened timestamp of the distribution box door is within the historical normal time range, record the opening time outlier of the distribution box as 0; If the current opened timestamp of the distribution box door is not within the historical normal time range, calculate the time difference between the current opened timestamp of the distribution box door and the nearest critical value in the historical normal time range, and divide the time difference by the time length corresponding to the historical normal time range as the opening time outlier of the distribution box.

[0027] It should be noted that in the process of calculating the abnormal value of the opening time of the above distribution box, the data acquisition method mainly relies on the combination of historical inspection records and real-time monitoring data. First of all, the real-time monitoring system will record each opening and closing event of the distribution box door and accurately record the timestamp of each opening. In addition, historical inspection data is usually collected by a regular inspection system and includes the timestamp of the distribution box door opening every day. These timestamps are automatically generated and stored by the distribution box management system, forming a historical record of the normal opening behavior of the distribution box. In order to obtain the reference timestamp, the system will perform statistical analysis on the historical timestamps to calculate the mean and standard deviation of the opening timestamps. Based on these statistical data, a time window range of normal opening behavior can be established to compare with the current opening time. The abnormal detection function of the system is based on the comparison of these historical data and real-time data, and calculates and evaluates in real time whether the current opening time exceeds the normal range, so as to judge whether there is an abnormal opening behavior.

[0028] It should be noted that the abnormal value of the opening time refers to the degree of deviation between the timestamp of the current opening of the distribution box door and the historical normal opening time range. It is obtained by calculating the difference between the current opening time and the normal inspection opening time and normalizing this difference to obtain an abnormal value. When the opening time of the distribution box door does not match the historical normal time range, the larger the abnormal value, the more likely it means that the current opening event occurs outside the normal inspection time, which may indicate that the opening of the distribution box door is not an expected regular inspection but an illegal operation. If the abnormal value of the opening time is large, it means that the current opening behavior occurs at an unusual time or frequency, which increases the possibility of the distribution box door being illegally opened and is usually related to the entry or intrusion behavior of unauthorized personnel. Therefore, the larger the abnormal value of the opening time, the higher the probability of illegal opening. The system can issue an alarm through this value to remind relevant personnel of potential safety risks.

[0029] In one implementation method, calculating the abnormal value of the opening time of the distribution box in this way is mainly to model the normal usage mode of the distribution box based on historical data and judge whether there is abnormal behavior by comparing the deviation between the current opening time and the historical normal inspection time. Historical inspection data provides the statistical law of normal opening time. By calculating the standard deviation and the set normal time range, it is possible to effectively identify the opening behavior that deviates from the normal mode. When the current opening time exceeds this normal range, an alarm can be triggered in a timely manner to detect potential illegal opening or external intrusion behavior. Such a method can reduce false alarms and improve the accuracy of alarms because it combines the statistical characteristics of historical inspection data, can automatically adapt to the inspection rules of different time periods, and has strong robustness.

[0030] In one embodiment, the steps of determining whether the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening or abnormal opening based on the vibration anomaly value and the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box are as follows: Add the vibration anomaly value and the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box to obtain an opening state anomaly value. Compare the opening state anomaly value with a preset opening state anomaly value threshold. If the opening state anomaly value is less than the preset opening state anomaly value threshold, the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening; if the opening state anomaly value is not less than the preset opening state anomaly value threshold, the current opening state of the distribution box door is abnormal opening, and a first-level alarm for abnormal opening state is immediately issued.

[0031] In one implementation, the preset opening state anomaly value threshold is set by professionals according to the actual situation, and specific details are not limited and will not be elaborated.

[0032] In one implementation, adding the vibration anomaly value and the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box to obtain an opening state anomaly value is to comprehensively consider the influence of two factors on the opening state of the distribution box door. The vibration anomaly value reflects the intensity of external impact or human operation that the distribution box may receive during the opening process, while the opening time anomaly value measures whether the opening time conforms to the normal inspection time range. By combining these two values, it is possible to more comprehensively determine whether there is abnormal opening behavior. Then, comparing the opening state anomaly value with the preset threshold can distinguish normal opening from abnormal opening according to the set standard. When the opening state anomaly value is less than the preset threshold, it indicates that the opening behavior of the distribution box door meets the expectations and belongs to normal opening; while when the anomaly value exceeds the set threshold, it shows that the current opening behavior has a large deviation and may be illegal opening or other abnormal situations, and the system will immediately trigger a first-level alarm to remind relevant personnel to take measures in a timely manner. This approach helps to detect potential safety risks in a timely manner and effectively prevent damage to power equipment caused by illegal operations.

[0033] In one embodiment, if the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening state, monitor the opening duration of the distribution box door and the current environmental data, and determine whether to issue a second-level alarm for potential damage to power equipment based on the opening duration and the current environmental data.

[0034] The steps of determining whether to issue a second-level alarm for potential damage to power equipment based on the opening duration and the current environmental data are as follows: Obtain the time length for which the distribution box door has been opened, and divide the time length for which the distribution box door has been opened by the preset maximum allowable opening time length to obtain an opening time anomaly ratio; Obtain the average temperature and humidity inside the cabinet before opening the distribution box door and the average temperature and humidity inside the cabinet after opening the door, calculate the absolute difference between the average temperature and humidity before and after, and integrate the absolute difference and the length of time the distribution box door has been open to obtain the temperature and humidity difference coefficient; then divide the temperature and humidity difference coefficient by the preset temperature and humidity difference coefficient to obtain the environmental impact factor; Obtain the power equipment damage coefficient based on the abnormal opening time ratio and the environmental impact factor, and determine whether to issue a secondary alarm indicating the potential risk of damage to power equipment according to the power equipment damage coefficient and the preset power equipment damage coefficient threshold.

[0035] It should be noted that in the above calculation process, the data acquisition methods mainly rely on the real-time monitoring system inside and outside the distribution box; the opening duration of the distribution box door can be recorded in real time through the door magnetic switch and the door control system, and each opening event will be marked with a timestamp, and the system calculates the duration of the door being open by accumulating the opening time. Secondly, the environmental data of the distribution box (such as temperature and humidity) can be collected in real time through the temperature and humidity sensors installed inside and outside the distribution box. Before and after opening the door, the system will record the temperature and humidity values inside the distribution box respectively and calculate the difference; the historical inspection data inside the distribution box, the influence data of environmental temperature and humidity changes, as well as the preset opening duration and environmental impact standards can all be obtained through the database in the system; by calculating these data in real time, the system can obtain the temperature and humidity difference coefficient, the environmental impact factor and the power equipment damage coefficient, so as to judge whether there is a potential risk of equipment damage in the distribution box, issue a secondary alarm in time to avoid damage to power equipment or safety accidents caused by being exposed to abnormal environments for too long; in addition, the preset temperature and humidity difference coefficient is set by professionals according to the actual situation, and no specific limitation and elaboration are made.

[0036] It should be noted that the larger the abnormal opening time ratio and the environmental impact factor, the greater the risk of damage to the power equipment inside the distribution box. When the abnormal opening time ratio and the environmental impact factor are larger, it means that there is a risk of damage to the power equipment inside the distribution box. The reason is that when the distribution box door is open for a long time, it means that the equipment is exposed to the external environment and cannot be effectively protected. This long-term exposure will cause environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity, etc.) to have a greater impact on the equipment. Especially in humid or high-temperature environments, the insulation, conductivity and other properties of power equipment may change, thus increasing the risk of faults or damage. And the larger the environmental impact factor, the more significant the impact of temperature and humidity changes on the equipment, which may lead to problems such as corrosion, short circuit or insulation damage inside the electrical equipment. Under the combined action of these factors, the probability of equipment damage or accidents increases. Therefore, it is necessary to issue a secondary alarm in time to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to take measures to avoid accidents.

[0037] In one embodiment, the steps of obtaining the power equipment damage coefficient based on the abnormal door opening time ratio and the environmental impact factor, and determining whether to issue a secondary alarm for potential damage to the power equipment based on the power equipment damage coefficient and the preset power equipment damage coefficient threshold are as follows: Perform a weighted sum of the abnormal door opening time ratio and the environmental impact factor to obtain the power equipment damage coefficient. Compare the power equipment damage coefficient with the preset power equipment damage coefficient threshold. If the power equipment damage coefficient is not less than the preset power equipment damage coefficient threshold, issue a secondary alarm for potential damage to the power equipment.

[0038] It should be noted that the steps of performing a weighted sum of the abnormal door opening time ratio and the environmental impact factor to obtain the power equipment damage coefficient are as follows: , where in the formula, is the power equipment damage coefficient, and are the abnormal door opening time ratio and the environmental impact factor respectively, are respectively and preset proportional values of, and are both greater than 0; in addition, is set by professionals according to the actual situation. Generally, The sum of is 1. For example, can be 0.6 and 0.4 respectively, or other numbers, and specific values are not limited; Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a smart alarm system for a distribution box. Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a framework diagram of a smart alarm system for a distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes: Judgment module: Real-time monitor the magnetic field intensity value of the door magnetic switch of the distribution box, and judge whether the distribution box door is in the open state according to the real-time magnetic field intensity value; Vibration abnormality module: If the real-time distribution box door is in the open state, collect the vibration signal of the distribution box, calculate the vibration abnormality value of the distribution box according to the real-time vibration signal, and judge whether the vibration of the distribution box is abnormal; Abnormal door opening time module: If the real-time distribution box door is in the open state, record the time stamp when the distribution box door is opened, calculate the abnormal door opening time value of the distribution box according to the opened time stamp and the historical door opening time, and judge the coincidence degree between the door opening time of the distribution box and the historical door opening time; Primary alarm module: Judge whether the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening or abnormal opening according to the vibration abnormality value and the abnormal door opening time value of the distribution box. If the current opening state of the distribution box door is an abnormal opening state, immediately issue a primary alarm for abnormal opening state; Secondary alarm module: If the opening state of the current distribution box door is the normal opening state, monitor the opening duration of the distribution box door and the current environmental data, and determine whether to issue a secondary alarm indicating potential damage to electrical equipment based on the opening duration and the current environmental data.

[0039] Based on the intelligent alarm system for distribution boxes provided by the embodiments of the present invention, in the above manner, by jointly judging the illegal opening of the distribution box through the change in the magnetic field state of the door magnetic switch, the vibration of the distribution box, and the opening time of the distribution box door, the judgment result is ensured to be rigorous and the false alarm rate is reduced; at the same time, timely alarm is carried out to ensure that the electrical equipment in the distribution box will not further deepen the potential fault.

[0040] The above has described in detail an embodiment of the present invention, but the described content is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be used to artificially limit the implementation scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the application of the present invention should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent alarm method for a distribution box, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Real-time monitor the magnetic field strength value of the magnetic switch of the distribution box door, and judge whether the distribution box door is in the open state according to the real-time magnetic field strength value; If the real-time distribution box door is in the open state, collect the vibration signal of the distribution box, calculate the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box according to the real-time vibration signal, and judge whether the vibration of the distribution box is abnormal; If the real-time distribution box door is in the open state, record the time stamp when the distribution box door is opened, calculate the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box according to the opened time stamp and the historical opening time, and judge the coincidence degree between the opening time of the distribution box and the historical opening time; Judge whether the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening or abnormal opening according to the vibration anomaly value and the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box. If the current opening state of the distribution box door is in the abnormal opening state, immediately issue a first-level alarm for abnormal opening state; If the current opening state of the distribution box door is in the normal opening state, monitor the opening duration of the distribution box door and the current environmental data, and judge whether to issue a second-level alarm for potential hidden danger of damaging electrical equipment according to the opening duration and the current environmental data.

2. The intelligent alarm method for a distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of judging whether the distribution box door is in the open state according to the real-time magnetic field strength are as follows: Perform low-pass filtering on the real-time monitored magnetic field strength value of the magnetic switch of the distribution box door, and sort the magnetic field strength values after low-pass filtering based on time sequence to obtain a magnetic field strength value sequence; Divide the magnetic field strength value sequence into several windows according to a certain time window, extract the features of each window, combine the feature values of each window into a feature vector, and each window corresponds to a feature vector; the features include the mean, standard deviation, maximum value, minimum value, skewness, and kurtosis of the window; Cluster the feature vectors of adjacent time windows to obtain several clustering clusters, and each clustering cluster contains several windows; Analyze two adjacent time windows. If the two adjacent time windows do not belong to the same clustering cluster, the point between the two time windows is recorded as a change point; When there is a change point between two time windows, calculate the similarity between adjacent windows. If the similarity is less than the preset similarity threshold, the change of the magnetic field strength value corresponding to the two time windows is an abnormal fluctuation. At this time, it is judged that the distribution box door is in the open state.

3. The intelligent alarm method for a distribution box according to claim 1, wherein, The steps of calculating the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box according to the real-time vibration signal are as follows: Real-time collect the vibration signal of the distribution box, perform filtering on the vibration signal, and use the FFT algorithm to convert the processed vibration signal from the time domain to the frequency domain to obtain the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal; Extract the maximum vibration signal corresponding to the normal vibration of the distribution box from the historical data, and record the frequency of the maximum vibration signal in the frequency domain as the historical vibration fundamental frequency; Use the historical vibration fundamental frequency as the frequency threshold for the current vibration signal frequency spectrum, divide the frequency spectrum into a high-frequency region and a low-frequency region, calculate the energy of the high-frequency region and the total energy of the frequency spectrum, and divide the energy of the high-frequency region by the total energy of the frequency spectrum to obtain the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box.

4. The intelligent alarm method for a distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of calculating the opening time anomaly value of the distribution box according to the opened time stamp and the historical opening time are as follows: Obtain the timestamp when the distribution box door is currently opened, and obtain the timestamps when the distribution box is opened during normal inspections every day within a preset past period, and calculate the mean of all timestamps as the reference timestamp; Calculate the standard deviation of all timestamps, and use the reference timestamp as the center, and use the left and right standard deviations as the historical normal time range for the distribution box door to open; Compare the timestamp when the distribution box door is currently opened with the historical normal time range for the distribution box door to open. If the timestamp when the distribution box door is currently opened is within the historical normal time range, record the abnormal value of the door opening time of the distribution box as 0; If the timestamp when the distribution box door is currently opened is not within the historical normal time range, calculate the time difference between the timestamp when the distribution box door is currently opened and the nearest critical value of the historical normal time range, and divide the time difference by the time length corresponding to the historical normal time range as the abnormal value of the door opening time of the distribution box.

5. A smart alarm method for a distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps to determine whether the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening or abnormal opening based on the vibration abnormal value and the door opening time abnormal value of the distribution box are as follows: Add the vibration abnormal value and the door opening time abnormal value of the distribution box to obtain the abnormal value of the opening state. Compare the abnormal value of the opening state with the preset abnormal value threshold of the opening state. If the abnormal value of the opening state is less than the preset abnormal value threshold of the opening state, the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening; if the abnormal value of the opening state is not less than the preset abnormal value threshold of the opening state, the current opening state of the distribution box door is abnormal opening, and immediately issue a first-level alarm for abnormal opening state.

6. The intelligent alarm method for a distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps to determine whether to issue a second-level alarm for potential damage to electrical equipment based on the opening duration and the current environmental data are as follows: Obtain the time length for which the distribution box door has been opened, and divide the time length for which the distribution box door has been opened by the preset maximum allowable opening time length to obtain the abnormal ratio of the door opening time; Obtain the average temperature and humidity inside the cabinet before the distribution box door is opened and the average temperature and humidity inside the cabinet after the distribution box door is opened, calculate the absolute difference between the average temperature and humidity before and after, and integrate the absolute difference and the time length for which the distribution box door has been opened to obtain the temperature and humidity difference coefficient; and divide the temperature and humidity difference coefficient by the preset temperature and humidity difference coefficient to obtain the environmental impact factor; Obtain the electrical equipment damage coefficient based on the abnormal ratio of the door opening time and the environmental impact factor, and determine whether to issue a second-level alarm for potential damage to electrical equipment based on the electrical equipment damage coefficient and the preset electrical equipment damage coefficient threshold.

7. A smart alarm method for a distribution box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The steps to obtain the electrical equipment damage coefficient based on the abnormal ratio of the door opening time and the environmental impact factor, and determine whether to issue a second-level alarm for potential damage to electrical equipment based on the electrical equipment damage coefficient and the preset electrical equipment damage coefficient threshold are as follows: Perform a weighted sum of the abnormal ratio of the door opening time and the environmental impact factor to obtain the electrical equipment damage coefficient. Compare the electrical equipment damage coefficient with the preset electrical equipment damage coefficient threshold. If the electrical equipment damage coefficient is not less than the preset electrical equipment damage coefficient threshold, issue a second-level alarm for potential damage to electrical equipment.

8. An intelligent alarm system for a distribution box, which is used to implement an intelligent alarm method for a distribution box according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The system includes: Judgment module: Real-time monitor the magnetic field intensity value of the magnetic switch on the distribution box door, and judge whether the distribution box door is in the open state according to the real-time magnetic field intensity value; Vibration anomaly module: If the real-time distribution box door is in the open state, collect the vibration signal of the distribution box, calculate the vibration anomaly value of the distribution box according to the real-time vibration signal, and judge whether the vibration of the distribution box is abnormal; Abnormal opening time module: If the real-time distribution box door is in the open state, record the time stamp when the distribution box door is opened, calculate the abnormal opening time value of the distribution box according to the opened time stamp and the historical opening time, and judge the coincidence degree between the opening time of the distribution box and the historical opening time; Primary alarm module: Judge whether the current opening state of the distribution box door is normal opening or abnormal opening according to the vibration anomaly value and the abnormal opening time value of the distribution box. If the current opening state of the distribution box door is in the abnormal opening state, immediately issue a primary alarm for the abnormal opening state; Secondary alarm module: If the current opening state of the distribution box door is in the normal opening state, monitor the opening duration of the distribution box door and the current environmental data, and judge whether to issue a secondary alarm for the potential hazard of damaging electrical equipment according to the opening duration and the current environmental data.

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