Single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system and method capable of optimizing imaging quality

Abstract

According to the single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system and method capable of optimizing the imaging quality, by introducing the adjustable double-view-angle subsystem, the adjustable double-waveband subsystem and the chromatic aberration correction system, flexible imaging position adjustment and chromatic aberration correction functions are provided; the adjusting systems can optimize the imaging position and the imaging quality and ensure that the target area to be measured is always located at the optimal position and the optimal definition of the field of view, so that imaging blurring and errors caused by limited degree of freedom of equipment in the prior art can be effectively eliminated, and the measurement precision is greatly improved; that is to say, the adjustable system is utilized to integrate multiple visual angles and wave bands, so that the complexity of equipment is effectively reduced, and the cost of the system is greatly reduced. By simplifying the equipment structure and integrating a plurality of functional modules, the system is more efficient and economical, and higher measurement precision and stability are ensured while redundancy is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional multi-physical field measurement, and particularly relates to a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system and method capable of optimizing imaging quality. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the phenomenon of multi-physical field coupling plays an important role in fields such as fluid mechanics, materials science, and energy transmission. In the prior art, multi-field measurement often requires multiple cameras, multiple-band sensors, and complex optical systems, which not only increases the equipment cost but also introduces additional system errors, reducing the measurement accuracy and stability. In addition, single-viewpoint and single-band imaging are difficult to meet the requirements for obtaining three-dimensional multi-field information in complex environments, restricting the in-depth analysis and understanding of the multi-physical field coupling phenomenon. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system and method capable of optimizing imaging quality to achieve high-precision, multi-scene, and real-time physical field measurement and meet the engineering and scientific research needs under complex working conditions.

[0003] The existing technologies usually have the following problems: complex and redundant equipment and high costs, limited freedom of imaging position, difficulty in flexibly optimizing imaging quality, great difficulties in synchronous measurement of three-dimensional multi-field information under complex service environments, and difficulty in meeting the high-precision measurement requirements in terms of the accuracy and stability of the measurement system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system and method capable of optimizing imaging quality. By using an adjustable system to integrate the functions of multiple viewpoints and bands, it not only effectively reduces the complexity of the equipment but also greatly reduces the system cost, and can efficiently reconstruct the three-dimensional topography field, two-dimensional temperature field, and two-dimensional flow field.

[0005] A single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality includes an adjustable dual-viewpoint subsystem, an adjustable dual-band subsystem, a chromatic aberration correction subsystem, an acquisition subsystem, and a processing subsystem;

[0006] The adjustable dual-viewpoint subsystem is used to obtain images of the target area to be measured from two different viewpoints;

[0007] The adjustable dual-band subsystem receives the images corresponding to the two viewpoints and divides the images of the two viewpoints into two sub-images, where each sub-image includes the images of the two viewpoints;

[0008] The chromatic aberration correction subsystem is used to adjust the chromatic aberration between the two sub-images until the clarity of the two sub-images meets the set requirements;

[0009] The adjustable dual - wavelength subsystem is used to filter the two sub - images after chromatic aberration adjustment in different wavelengths, and then forward the two sub - images with different wavelengths to the acquisition subsystem;

[0010] The acquisition subsystem is used to image the two sub - images with different wavelengths to obtain four images, where the viewing angles and wavelengths corresponding to each image are not exactly the same;

[0011] The processing subsystem, based on the principles of stereo vision, colorimetric temperature measurement, particle tracking, and image fusion technology, matches and fuses the four images to reconstruct the three - dimensional topography field, three - dimensional temperature field, and three - dimensional flow field of the target area to be measured.

[0012] Furthermore, the processing subsystem uses the colorimetric temperature measurement principle to calculate the two - dimensional temperature field of the target area to be measured according to the image features of two wavelengths at the same viewing angle.

[0013] Furthermore, the processing subsystem combines the particle tracking principle and the stereo vision principle, and initially obtains the two - dimensional flow field information and part of the three - dimensional flow field information of the target area to be measured by tracking the surface feature points of the two - view images of the same wavelength in the target area to be measured.

[0014] Furthermore, the processing subsystem, based on the stereo vision principle, reconstructs the three - dimensional topography field of the target area to be measured according to the images of any wavelength at two viewing angles;

[0015] The processing subsystem also correlates and fuses the three - dimensional topography field, two - dimensional temperature field, two - dimensional flow field, and part of the three - dimensional flow field information according to the image fusion technology to obtain the complete three - dimensional temperature field and three - dimensional flow field of the target area to be measured.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjustable dual - viewing - angle subsystem includes a first plane mirror 1, a first adjusting device 2, a right - angled rhombic mirror 3, a second plane mirror 4, and a second adjusting device 5; among them, the first adjusting device 2 is used to adjust the up - down pitch and left - right deflection of the first plane mirror 1 so that the reflection optical path of the first plane mirror 1 is aligned with the right - angled rhombic mirror 3; the second adjusting device 5 is used to adjust the up - down pitch and left - right deflection of the second plane mirror 4 so that the reflection optical path of the second plane mirror 4 is aligned with the right - angled rhombic mirror 3;

[0017] The first plane mirror 1 is used to reflect the image light of the target area to be measured from the first viewing angle to the right - angled rhombic mirror 3;

[0018] The second plane mirror 4 is used to reflect the image light of the target area to be measured from the second viewing angle to the right - angled rhombic mirror 3;

[0019] The right - angled rhombic mirror 3 is used to reflect the images of the target area to be measured from two viewing angles to the adjustable dual - wavelength subsystem.

[0020] Further, the color difference correction subsystem includes two color difference calibration modules;

[0021] The adjustable dual - wavelength subsystem includes a beam splitter 6, a third plane mirror 10, a fourth plane mirror 12, a fifth plane mirror 13, a sixth plane mirror 15, a narrow - band filter 11 for band A, a narrow - band filter 14 for band B, a third adjustment device 9 and a fourth adjustment device 16, a seventh plane mirror 17, and an eighth plane mirror 20; wherein, the third adjustment device 9 is used to adjust the up - down pitch and left - right deflection of the third plane mirror 10 so that the reflected light path of the third plane mirror 10 is incident on the narrow - band filter 11 for band A; the fourth adjustment device 16 is used to adjust the up - down pitch and left - right deflection of the sixth plane mirror 15 so that the reflected light path of the sixth plane mirror 15 is incident on the narrow - band filter 14 for band B;

[0022] The image of the target area to be measured forms a first sub - image through the reflection of the beam splitter 6 and a second sub - image through the transmission of the beam splitter 6; wherein, the first sub - image undergoes color difference adjustment by the first color difference calibration module, and the first sub - image after color difference adjustment is reflected by the third plane mirror 10 to the narrow - band filter 11 for filtering to obtain a band A sub - image; the band A sub - image then enters the acquisition subsystem through the fourth plane mirror 12 and the seventh plane mirror 17;

[0023] The second sub - image undergoes color difference adjustment by the second color difference calibration module, and the second sub - image after color difference adjustment is reflected by the sixth plane mirror 15 to the narrow - band filter 14 for filtering to obtain a band B sub - image; the band B sub - image then enters the acquisition subsystem through the fifth plane mirror 13 and the eighth plane mirror 20.

[0024] Further, the color difference calibration module includes an achromatic lens and a telescopic lens barrel; wherein, the achromatic lens is located in the telescopic lens barrel, and the position of the achromatic lens in the optical path is adjusted through the telescopic lens barrel, thereby adjusting the color difference of imaging in two bands.

[0025] A single - camera three - dimensional synchronous measurement method based on optimizing imaging quality includes the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Calibrate the adjustable dual - view subsystem, the adjustable dual - wavelength subsystem, the color difference correction subsystem, and the acquisition subsystem so that the image of the target area to be measured is always at the best position in the field of view of the acquisition subsystem;

[0027] Step 2: The acquisition subsystem collects the total measured images of the target area to be measured in dual - bands and dual - views in real - time through the adjustable dual - view subsystem, the adjustable dual - wavelength subsystem, and the color difference correction subsystem.

[0028] Step 3: The processing subsystem divides a single total measured image containing two perspectives and two bands into four images, denoted as the measured image AA of perspective A and band A, the measured image AB of perspective A and band B, the measured image BA of perspective B and band A, and the measured image BB of perspective B and band B, respectively.

[0029] Step 4: The processing subsystem calculates the multi-physical fields of the target area to be measured based on the internal parameters, external parameters of the acquisition subsystem determined during calibration in Step 1, and the optical path system parameters of the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, adjustable dual-band subsystem, and chromatic aberration correction subsystem, combined with the measured images of dual bands and dual perspectives obtained in Step 3.

[0030] Furthermore, the multi-physical fields of the target area to be measured include: topography field, temperature field, and flow field; the target area to be measured is a fluid, solid, or fluid-solid coupling area.

[0031] Furthermore, the calibration methods for the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, adjustable dual-band subsystem, and chromatic aberration correction subsystem are as follows:

[0032] Step S1: Set a calibration board in the target area to be measured, and change the internal parameters, external parameters, and optical path system parameters of the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, adjustable dual-band subsystem, and chromatic aberration correction subsystem so that the calibration board imaging is in the best position and best clarity in the field of view of the acquisition subsystem.

[0033] Step S2: When the calibration board imaging is in the best position and best clarity in the field of view of the acquisition subsystem, adjust the pose of the calibration board, and the acquisition subsystem collects images of the calibration board at different poses in two perspectives and two bands through the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, adjustable dual-band subsystem, and chromatic aberration correction subsystem.

[0034] Step S3: The processing subsystem divides each total measured image containing two perspectives and two bands into four images, denoted as the calibration board image AA of perspective A and band A, the calibration board image AB of perspective A and band B, the calibration board image BA of perspective B and band A, and the calibration board image BB of perspective B and band B, respectively.

[0035] Step S4: The processing subsystem uses the calibration board images under perspective A and perspective B to calibrate the internal parameters and external parameters of the acquisition subsystem in two perspectives; uses the calibration board images under band A and band B to calibrate the optical path system parameters of the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, adjustable dual-band subsystem, and chromatic aberration correction subsystem.

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The present invention provides a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality. By introducing an adjustable dual-view subsystem, an adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and a chromatic aberration correction system, it provides flexible imaging position adjustment and chromatic aberration correction functions. These adjustment systems can optimize the imaging position and imaging quality, ensuring that the area to be measured is always located at the best position and with the best clarity in the field of view. This can effectively eliminate the imaging blurring and errors caused by limited degrees of freedom of the device in traditional technologies, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy. That is to say, the present invention utilizes the functions of the adjustable system to integrate multiple viewpoints and wavelengths, not only effectively reducing the complexity of the device, but also greatly reducing the cost of the system. By simplifying the device structure and integrating multiple functional modules, the system becomes more efficient and economical, and while reducing redundancy, it ensures high measurement accuracy and stability.

[0038] 2. The present invention provides a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality. The three adjustable systems can achieve high-degree-of-freedom movement of the imaging position in the field of view and chromatic aberration correction by adjusting the angles of their respective planar mirrors or the positions of the achromatic lenses, ensuring that the area to be measured is always located at the best optical position and with the best clarity in the field of view.

[0039] 3. The present invention provides a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement method capable of optimizing imaging quality. During the calibration stage and the measurement stage, the image data of multiple wavelengths and viewpoints are matched through a program. Based on the principles of stereovision, colorimetric temperature measurement, and particle tracking, the system can efficiently reconstruct the three-dimensional topography field, two-dimensional temperature field, and two-dimensional flow field, and achieve the fusion of the three-dimensional temperature field and three-dimensional flow field. Through this synchronous measurement method, the present invention not only solves the problem of difficult synchronous measurement in complex environments, but also can efficiently obtain accurate multi-physical field data in a short time, meeting the measurement requirements of high precision and strong real-time performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a specific implementation manner of a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement method capable of optimizing imaging quality provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is a calibration process of a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement method capable of optimizing imaging quality provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0044] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the technical solution in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] As Figure 1 shown, a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality includes an adjustable dual-view subsystem, an adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, a chromatic aberration correction subsystem, an acquisition subsystem, and a processing subsystem;

[0046] The adjustable dual-view subsystem is used to obtain images of the region of interest to be measured from two different perspectives; wherein, the region of interest to be measured is a fluid region, a solid region, or a fluid-solid coupling region;

[0047] The adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem receives the images corresponding to the two perspectives and divides the images of the two perspectives into two sub-images, where each sub-image includes the images of the two perspectives;

[0048] The chromatic aberration correction subsystem is used to adjust the chromatic aberration between the two sub-images until the clarity of the two sub-images meets the set requirements;

[0049] The adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem is used to filter the two sub-images with adjusted chromatic aberration in different bands, and then forward the two sub-images with different bands obtained to the acquisition subsystem;

[0050] The acquisition subsystem is used to image the two sub-images with different bands to obtain four images, where the perspectives and bands corresponding to each image are not completely the same;

[0051] The processing subsystem, based on the principles of stereo vision, colorimetric temperature measurement, particle tracking, and image fusion technology, matches and fuses the four images to reconstruct the three-dimensional morphology field, three-dimensional temperature field, and three-dimensional flow field of the region of interest to be measured.

[0052] Specifically, the processing subsystem uses the principle of colorimetric temperature measurement to calculate the two-dimensional temperature field of the region of interest to be measured according to the image features of two bands with the same perspective. The processing subsystem combines the principles of particle tracking and stereo vision, and initially obtains the two-dimensional flow field information and partial three-dimensional flow field information of the region of interest to be measured by tracking the surface feature points of the images of two perspectives with the same band. The processing subsystem reconstructs the three-dimensional morphology field of the region of interest to be measured based on the principle of stereo vision according to the images of any band of the two perspectives; the processing subsystem also correlates and fuses the three-dimensional morphology field, two-dimensional temperature field, and two-dimensional flow field according to the image fusion technology to obtain the complete three-dimensional temperature field and three-dimensional flow field of the region of interest to be measured.

[0053] As Figure 2As shown, the adjustable dual-view subsystem includes a first planar mirror 1, a first adjustment device 2, a right-angled rhombic mirror 3, a second planar mirror 4, and a second adjustment device 5. Among them, the first adjustment device 2 is used to adjust the vertical pitch and horizontal deflection of the first planar mirror 1 so that the reflection optical path of the first planar mirror 1 is aligned with the right-angled rhombic mirror 3. The second adjustment device 5 is used to adjust the vertical pitch and horizontal deflection of the second planar mirror 4 so that the reflection optical path of the second planar mirror 4 is aligned with the right-angled rhombic mirror 3.

[0054] The first planar mirror 1 is used to reflect the image light of the target area to be measured from the first view to the right-angled rhombic mirror 3. The second planar mirror 4 is used to reflect the image light of the target area to be measured from the second view to the right-angled rhombic mirror 3. The right-angled rhombic mirror 3 is used to reflect the images of the target area to be measured from two views to the adjustable dual-band subsystem.

[0055] The chromatic aberration correction subsystem includes two chromatic aberration calibration modules. The chromatic aberration calibration module includes an achromatic lens and a telescopic lens sleeve. Among them, the achromatic lens is located in the telescopic lens sleeve, and the position of the achromatic lens in the optical path is adjusted through the telescopic lens sleeve, thereby adjusting the chromatic aberration of the two-band imaging.

[0056] The adjustable dual-band subsystem includes a beam splitter 6, a third planar mirror 10, a fourth planar mirror 12, a fifth planar mirror 13, a sixth planar mirror 15, a narrow-band filter 11 for band A, a narrow-band filter 14 for band B, a third adjustment device 9, a fourth adjustment device 16, a seventh planar mirror 17, and an eighth planar mirror 20. Among them, the third adjustment device 9 is used to adjust the vertical pitch and horizontal deflection of the third planar mirror 10 so that the reflection optical path of the third planar mirror 10 is incident on the narrow-band filter 11 for band A. The fourth adjustment device 16 is used to adjust the vertical pitch and horizontal deflection of the sixth planar mirror 15 so that the reflection optical path of the sixth planar mirror 15 is incident on the narrow-band filter 14 for band B. It should be noted that the beam splitter 6 can be replaced with a dichroic mirror of a suitable band according to the actual working requirements.

[0057] The image of the target area to be measured forms a first sub-image through the reflection of the beam splitter 6 and a second sub-image through the transmission of the beam splitter 6. Among them, the first sub-image is subjected to chromatic aberration adjustment through the first chromatic aberration calibration module. The first sub-image after chromatic aberration adjustment is reflected by the third planar mirror 10 to the narrow-band filter 11 for filtering to obtain a sub-image for band A. The sub-image for band A then enters the acquisition subsystem through the fourth planar mirror 12 and the seventh planar mirror 17.

[0058] The second sub-image undergoes color difference adjustment through the second color difference calibration module. The second sub-image after color difference adjustment is reflected by the sixth plane mirror 15 to the narrowband filter 14 for filtering, obtaining the sub-image of band B; the sub-image of band B then enters the acquisition subsystem through the fifth plane mirror 13 and the eighth plane mirror 20.

[0059] It should be noted that in a preferred embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the working plane of the area to be measured forms a 45-degree angle with the observation direction, providing higher flexibility for the device. Especially in an environment with compact space requirements for the device, it can adapt to different installation environments and requirements, which is not only convenient for the maintenance and replacement of the device, but also provides more options for system integration and expansion.

[0060] The adjustable system can adjust the angles of the plane mirrors through the adjusting devices 2, 5, 9, and 16 in the optical path to achieve high-degree-of-freedom up-and-down and left-and-right movement of the imaging position in the field of view, ensuring that the area of the target to be measured is always at the best optical position in the field of view; the positions of the two achromatic lenses can be adjusted through the telescopic lens sleeves 8 and 18 to correct the color difference of the imaging.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the adjustable dual-view subsystem includes a right-angled rhombic mirror 3, a first plane mirror 1, a second plane mirror 4, a first adjusting device 2, and a second adjusting device 5. By adjusting the up-and-down pitch and left-and-right deflection of the plane mirrors through the adjusting device, the imaging positions of the images of the two viewing angles (viewing angle A and viewing angle B) in the field of view are adjusted to achieve flexible adjustment in the up-and-down direction.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the adjustable dual-band subsystem includes a beam splitter 6, a third plane mirror 10, a fourth plane mirror 12, a fifth plane mirror 13, a sixth plane mirror 15, a narrowband filter 11 for band A and a narrowband filter 14 for band B, a third adjusting device 9, and a fourth adjusting device 16. Images of band A and band B are obtained through the beam splitter 6 and the narrowband filters of the two bands, and the third plane mirror 10 and the sixth plane mirror 15 are respectively adjusted for up-and-down pitch and left-and-right deflection through the third adjusting device 9 and the fourth adjusting device 16, enabling high-degree-of-freedom control of the free positioning and flexible imaging of the images of the two bands (band A and band B) in the field of view, and achieving flexible adjustment in the horizontal direction.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the internal parameters, external parameters (rotation matrix and translation matrix) of the dual perspectives (perspective A and perspective B) obtained by the acquisition subsystem 21 (such as a camera) and the processing subsystem 22 (such as a computer) during the calibration stage are used. Based on the principle of stereo vision, the measured image data from perspective A and perspective B are subjected to time matching and spatial matching to reconstruct the three-dimensional topography field (3D-M) of the target area to be measured. Using the principle of colorimetric temperature measurement, according to the characteristics of the measured images in two bands (band A and band B), the two-dimensional temperature field (2D-T) of the target area to be measured is calculated. Combining the particle tracking principle, by tracking the characteristic points on the surface of the target to be measured, the two-dimensional flow field (2D-F) of the target area to be measured is reconstructed. Based on the three-dimensional topography field (3D-M), the two-dimensional temperature field (2D-T) and the two-dimensional flow field (2D-F), through time matching and spatial matching for correlation and data fusion, the three-dimensional temperature field (3D-T) and the three-dimensional flow field (3D-F) of the target area to be measured can be obtained.

[0064] Based on a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system that can optimize the imaging quality, the present invention also provides a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement method that can optimize the imaging quality, such as Figure 3 shown, including the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Calibrate the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, the adjustable dual-band subsystem, the chromatic aberration correction subsystem, and the acquisition subsystem so that the image of the target area to be measured is always in the best position within the field of view of the acquisition subsystem;

[0066] Step 2: The acquisition subsystem uses the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, the adjustable dual-band subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem to collect the total measured images of the target area to be measured in two bands (band A and band B) and two perspectives (perspective A and perspective B) in real time;

[0067] Step 3: The processing subsystem divides a single total measured image containing two perspectives and two bands into 4 images, which are respectively denoted as the measured image AA of perspective A and band A, the measured image AB of perspective A and band B, the measured image BA of perspective B and band A, and the measured image BB of perspective B and band B;

[0068] Step 4: The processing subsystem calculates the multi-physical fields of the target area to be measured according to the internal parameters and external parameters of the acquisition subsystem determined during the calibration in Step 1, as well as the optical path system parameters of the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, the adjustable dual-band subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem, combined with the measured images of two bands and two perspectives obtained in Step 3.

[0069] Furthermore, as Figure 4 shown, the calibration methods for the adjustable dual-perspective subsystem, the adjustable dual-band subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem are:

[0070] Step S1: Set a calibration board in the target area to be measured, and change the internal parameters, external parameters of the adjustable dual-view subsystem, adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and chromatic aberration correction subsystem, as well as the system parameters of the optical path, so that the calibration board imaging is in the best position and best clarity within the field of view of the acquisition subsystem;

[0071] Step S2: When the calibration board imaging is in the best position and best clarity within the field of view of the acquisition subsystem, adjust the pose of the calibration board, and the acquisition subsystem collects images of the calibration board at two perspectives and two wavelengths in different poses through the adjustable dual-view subsystem, adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and chromatic aberration correction subsystem;

[0072] Step S3: The processing subsystem divides each total measured image containing two perspectives and two wavelengths into four images, which are respectively recorded as the calibration board image AA in perspective A and wavelength A, the calibration board image AB in perspective A and wavelength B, the calibration board image BA in perspective B and wavelength A, and the calibration board image BB in perspective B and wavelength B;

[0073] Step S4: The processing subsystem uses the calibration board images in perspective A and the calibration board images in perspective B to calibrate the internal parameters and external parameters of the acquisition subsystem in two perspectives; according to the calibration board images in wavelength A and the calibration board images in wavelength B, calibrate the optical path system parameters of the adjustable dual-view subsystem, adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and chromatic aberration correction subsystem.

[0074] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0075] (1) Simplify the device structure and reduce costs

[0076] In the prior art, traditional multi-physical field measurement systems usually rely on multiple cameras, multiple wavelength sensors, and complex optical systems, which lead to device redundancy and high costs. At the same time, the introduction of system errors also reduces measurement accuracy and stability.

[0077] The present invention proposes a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system, which uses an adjustable system to integrate the functions of multiple perspectives and wavelengths, not only effectively reducing the complexity of the device, but also greatly reducing the cost of the system. By simplifying the device structure and integrating multiple functional modules, the system is made more efficient and economical, and while reducing redundancy, it ensures high measurement accuracy and stability.

[0078] (2) Improve imaging quality and measurement accuracy

[0079] In traditional technologies, imaging quality and synchronous measurement are usually troubled by limited degrees of freedom in imaging position and chromatic aberration problems, which affect the accuracy of obtaining multi-physical field information. Especially in complex environments, accurate three-dimensional synchronous measurement cannot be achieved.

[0080] By introducing an adjustable dual-view subsystem, an adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and a chromatic aberration correction system, the present invention provides flexible imaging position adjustment and chromatic aberration correction functions. These adjustment systems can optimize the imaging position and imaging quality, ensuring that the target area to be measured is always located at the best position and with the best clarity in the field of view. This can effectively eliminate the imaging blurring and errors caused by limited degrees of freedom of the device in traditional technologies, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy.

[0081] (3) Achieve efficient and synchronous multi-physical field measurement

[0082] In the prior art, it is usually quite difficult to synchronously measure three-dimensional multi-field information in a complex service environment. Especially, the synchronous acquisition and analysis of different physical fields rely on multiple measurement systems, and these systems are often difficult to work in coordination.

[0083] The present invention adopts a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system, which matches the image data of multiple bands and viewpoints through programs during the calibration stage and the measurement stage. Through the principles of stereo vision, colorimetric temperature measurement, and particle tracking, the system can efficiently reconstruct the three-dimensional topography field, two-dimensional temperature field, and two-dimensional flow field, and realize the fusion of the three-dimensional temperature field and the three-dimensional flow field. Through this synchronous measurement method, the present invention not only solves the problem of difficult synchronous measurement in a complex environment, but also can efficiently obtain accurate multi-physical field data in a short time, meeting the measurement requirements of high precision and strong real-time performance.

[0084] (4) Flexible device installation, facilitating system integration and expansion

[0085] Traditional measurement systems usually require a relatively fixed and complex spatial layout during device installation, which is very inconvenient in some application environments with limited space or frequent adjustment requirements, restricting the flexibility and expandability of the device. At the same time, system integration and expansion are also relatively complex.

[0086] By setting the working plane of the area to be measured at a 45-degree angle with the observation direction, the present invention significantly improves the installation flexibility of the system, especially suitable for space-compact environments. This design facilitates the installation, maintenance, and replacement of the device, and can adapt to different installation requirements. In addition, the device has a high degree of freedom of adjustment ability, facilitating system integration and expansion of other functional modules, providing customized solutions for different engineering and scientific research needs, and having strong adaptability and expandability.

[0087] Certainly, the present invention can also have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can certainly make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention. However, these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality, characterized in that, It includes an adjustable dual-view subsystem, an adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, a chromatic aberration correction subsystem, an acquisition subsystem, and a processing subsystem; The adjustable dual-view subsystem is used to obtain images of the target area to be measured from two different viewpoints; The adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem receives the images corresponding to the two viewpoints and divides the images of the two viewpoints into two sub-images. Among them, each sub-image includes the images of the two viewpoints; The chromatic aberration correction subsystem is used to adjust the chromatic aberration between the two sub-images until the clarity of the two sub-images meets the set requirements; The adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem is used to filter the two sub-images with adjusted chromatic aberration in different bands, and then forward the two sub-images with different bands to the acquisition subsystem; The acquisition subsystem is used to image the two sub-images with different bands to obtain four images, where the viewpoints and bands corresponding to each image are not exactly the same; Based on the principles of stereovision, colorimetric temperature measurement, particle tracking, and image fusion technology, the processing subsystem matches and fuses the four images to reconstruct the three-dimensional topography field, three-dimensional temperature field, and three-dimensional flow field of the target area to be measured.

2. The single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality according to claim 1, wherein The processing subsystem uses the colorimetric temperature measurement principle to calculate the two-dimensional temperature field of the target area to be measured according to the image features of two bands with the same viewpoint.

3. The single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality according to claim 2, characterized in that, Combining the particle tracking principle and the stereovision principle, the processing subsystem preliminarily obtains the two-dimensional flow field information and partial three-dimensional flow field information of the target area to be measured by tracking the surface feature points of the two-viewpoint images of the same band in the target area to be measured.

4. The single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality according to claim 3, wherein, Based on the stereovision principle, the processing subsystem reconstructs the three-dimensional topography field of the target area to be measured according to the images of any band of the two viewpoints; The processing subsystem also correlates and fuses the three-dimensional topography field, two-dimensional temperature field, two-dimensional flow field, and partial three-dimensional flow field information according to the image fusion technology to obtain the complete three-dimensional temperature field and three-dimensional flow field of the target area to be measured.

5. A single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable dual-view subsystem includes a first plane mirror (1), a first adjustment device (2), a right-angled prism mirror (3), a second plane mirror (4), and a second adjustment device (5); among them, the first adjustment device (2) is used to adjust the up-and-down pitch and left-and-right deflection of the first plane mirror (1) so that the reflection light path of the first plane mirror (1) is aligned with the right-angled prism mirror (3); the second adjustment device (5) is used to adjust the up-and-down pitch and left-and-right deflection of the second plane mirror (4) so that the reflection light path of the second plane mirror (4) is aligned with the right-angled prism mirror (3); The first plane mirror (1) is used to reflect the image light of the target area to be measured from the first viewpoint to the right-angled prism mirror (3); The second plane mirror (4) is used to reflect the image light of the target area to be measured from the second viewpoint to the right-angled prism mirror (3); The right-angled prism mirror (3) is used to reflect the images of the target area to be measured from the two viewpoints to the adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem.

6. The single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality according to claim 1, wherein, The chromatic aberration correction subsystem includes two chromatic aberration calibration modules; The adjustable dual-band subsystem includes a beam splitter (6), a third plane mirror (10), a fourth plane mirror (12), a fifth plane mirror (13), a sixth plane mirror (15), a narrow-band filter (11) for band A, a narrow-band filter (14) for band B, a third adjustment device (9) and a fourth adjustment device (16), a seventh plane mirror (17), and an eighth plane mirror (20); wherein, the third adjustment device (9) is used to adjust the vertical pitch and horizontal deflection of the third plane mirror (10) so that the reflected light path of the third plane mirror (10) is incident on the narrow-band filter (11) for band A; the fourth adjustment device (16) is used to adjust the vertical pitch and horizontal deflection of the sixth plane mirror (15) so that the reflected light path of the sixth plane mirror (15) is incident on the narrow-band filter (14) for band B. The image of the target area to be measured forms a first sub-image through the reflection of the beam splitter (6), and a second sub-image through the transmission of the beam splitter (6); wherein, the first sub-image undergoes chromatic aberration adjustment through the first chromatic aberration calibration module, and the first sub-image after chromatic aberration adjustment is reflected by the third plane mirror (10) to the narrow-band filter (11) for filtering to obtain a sub-image for band A; the sub-image for band A then enters the acquisition subsystem via the fourth plane mirror (12) and the seventh plane mirror (17). The second sub-image undergoes chromatic aberration adjustment through the second chromatic aberration calibration module, and the second sub-image after chromatic aberration adjustment is reflected by the sixth plane mirror (15) to the narrow-band filter (14) for filtering to obtain a sub-image for band B; the sub-image for band B then enters the acquisition subsystem via the fifth plane mirror (13) and the eighth plane mirror (20).

7. The single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system capable of optimizing imaging quality according to claim 6, wherein The chromatic aberration calibration module includes an achromatic lens and a telescopic lens barrel; wherein, the achromatic lens is located in the telescopic lens barrel, and the position of the achromatic lens in the optical path is adjusted through the telescopic lens barrel, thereby adjusting the chromatic aberration of the imaging in two bands.

8. A method for optimizing the imaging quality of a single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement system for optimizing the imaging quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Calibrate the adjustable dual-view subsystem, the adjustable dual-band subsystem, the chromatic aberration correction subsystem, and the acquisition subsystem so that the image of the target area to be measured is always at the best position in the field of view of the acquisition subsystem. Step 2: The acquisition subsystem uses the adjustable dual-view subsystem, the adjustable dual-band subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem to collect the total measured image of the target area to be measured in dual bands and dual views in real time. Step 3: The processing subsystem divides a single total measured image containing two views and two bands into 4 images, which are respectively denoted as the measured image AA for view A and band A, the measured image AB for view A and band B, the measured image BA for view B and band A, and the measured image BB for view B and band B. Step 4: The processing subsystem calculates the multi-physical field of the target area to be measured according to the internal parameters and external parameters of the acquisition subsystem determined during the calibration in Step 1, the optical path system parameters of the adjustable dual-view subsystem, the adjustable dual-band subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem, and the measured images of dual bands and dual views obtained in Step 3.

9. The single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement method capable of optimizing imaging quality according to claim 8, wherein, The multi-physical fields of the target area to be measured include: topography field, temperature field, and flow field; the target area to be measured is a fluid region, a solid region, or a fluid-solid coupling region.

10. A single-camera three-dimensional synchronous measurement method capable of optimizing imaging quality according to claim 8, characterized in that, The calibration methods for the adjustable dual-view subsystem, the adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem are as follows: Step S1: Set a calibration plate in the target area to be measured, and change the internal parameters, external parameters, and system parameters of the optical path of the adjustable dual-view subsystem, the adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem, so that the calibration plate imaging is at the best position and has the best clarity in the field of view of the acquisition subsystem; Step S2: When the calibration plate imaging is at the best position and has the best clarity in the field of view of the acquisition subsystem, adjust the pose of the calibration plate, and the acquisition subsystem collects images of the calibration plate at two views and two wavelengths under different poses through the adjustable dual-view subsystem, the adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem; Step S3: The processing subsystem divides each total measured image containing two views and two wavelengths into four images, which are respectively recorded as the calibration plate image AA in view A and wavelength A, the calibration plate image AB in view A and wavelength B, the calibration plate image BA in view B and wavelength A, and the calibration plate image BB in view B and wavelength B; Step S4: The processing subsystem uses the calibration plate images in view A and the calibration plate images in view B to calibrate the internal parameters and external parameters of the acquisition subsystem at two views; according to the calibration plate images in wavelength A and the calibration plate images in wavelength B, calibrate the optical path system parameters of the adjustable dual-view subsystem, the adjustable dual-wavelength subsystem, and the chromatic aberration correction subsystem.

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