Wind erosion prevention method for vineyard in soil-buried cold-proof area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind erosion prevention, and provides a wind erosion prevention method for a vineyard in a soil-buried cold-proof area, and the method comprises the steps: determining the winter wind direction of a target vineyard according to the geographic position of the target vineyard; according to the winter wind direction of the target vineyard, a windproof barrier area is divided on the windward side of the target vineyard, and the windproof barrier area extends along the boundary line of the windward side of the target vineyard; planting perennial plants in the windproof barrier area; the perennial plants are cultivated to be in a closed state, so that a windproof barrier is formed. According to the arrangement, a windproof barrier is formed on the windward side of the target vineyard through the perennial plants in the closed state, the near-surface wind speed of the target vineyard can be effectively reduced, and the wind erosion amount of the target vineyard is reduced. Moreover, the windproof barrier is formed by perennial plants, the service life is relatively long, the protection effect can be continuously provided for many years once the windproof barrier is established, and the maintenance cost and the workload are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind erosion prevention, and particularly relates to a method for preventing wind erosion in vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas. Background Art

[0002] Grapes are perennial plants. However, in some areas with less rainfall in winter and spring, the air is cold and dry, and grape branches are extremely prone to drying out and dying. Therefore, grape growers will adopt the method of laying grape branches underground deeply to protect the grapes over winter. However, when laying the grape branches underground deeply, it is necessary to shovel and dig the soil in the garden where the grape plants are located. The soil in the garden is greatly disturbed. After laying the grape branches underground deeply, the soil is exposed, and the exposed soil is basically in a loose state. In winter and spring, strong wind weather is relatively frequent, and the clay particles in the soil are extremely prone to being blown away, resulting in serious soil wind erosion.

[0003] In related technologies, growers will use reed mats, tree branches, sorghum stalks, sunflower stalks, etc. to be manually tied into plant fences and arranged around the vineyard. Or directly hang the grape branches after winter pruning on the iron wires of the grape trellis to form a windbreak. These protection measures need to be re-arranged and built every year, which is time-consuming and laborious, and has a short service life, so the popularization and application are blocked.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of serious soil wind erosion existing after laying grape branches underground deeply in related technologies has become an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for preventing wind erosion in vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas, so as to solve the defect of serious soil wind erosion existing after laying grape branches underground deeply in related technologies.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for preventing wind erosion in vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas, including: Determine the winter wind direction of the target vineyard according to the geographical location of the target vineyard; According to the winter wind direction of the target vineyard, divide a windbreak area on the windward side of the target vineyard, and the windbreak area extends along the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard; Plant perennial plants in the windbreak area; Cultivate the perennial plants to a closed state to form a windbreak.

[0007] According to the method for preventing wind erosion in vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas provided by the present invention, the perennial plants include Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. var. condensatus Hack. or Miscanthus longiligulatus (Hand.-Mazz.) L. Liu.

[0008] According to the method for preventing wind erosion in vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas provided by the present invention, the perennial plants are container seedlings, and the step of planting perennial plants in the windbreak area includes: Transplant the container seedlings to the windbreak area.

[0009] According to a method for preventing wind erosion in a vineyard in a soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, the windward side of the target vineyard has a first boundary line and a second boundary line that are adjacent and arranged at an angle, and both the first boundary line and the second boundary line are arranged at an angle with respect to the winter wind direction; A first windbreak area and a second windbreak area are arranged on the windward side of the target vineyard. The first windbreak area corresponds to the first boundary line and extends along the first boundary line. The second windbreak area corresponds to the second boundary line and extends along the second boundary line.

[0010] According to a method for preventing wind erosion in a vineyard in a soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, at least two pieces of the first windbreak area are provided, and each piece of the first windbreak area extends along the first boundary line, and each piece of the first windbreak area is spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the first boundary line; And / or, at least two pieces of the second windbreak area are provided, and each piece of the second windbreak area extends along the second boundary line, and each piece of the second windbreak area is spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the second boundary line.

[0011] According to a method for preventing wind erosion in a vineyard in a soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, at least two groups of the perennial plants are planted in the windbreak area, and each group of the perennial plants is spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard, and each group of the perennial plants is spaced apart along the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard.

[0012] According to a method for preventing wind erosion in a vineyard in a soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, adjacent two groups of the perennial plants are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0013] According to a method for preventing wind erosion in a vineyard in a soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, the distance between adjacent two groups of the perennial plants is 20-40 cm, and the distance between adjacent two of each group of the perennial plants is 40-60 cm.

[0014] According to a method for preventing wind erosion in a vineyard in a soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, the dimension of the windbreak area in a direction perpendicular to the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard is greater than 50 cm.

[0015] According to a method for preventing wind erosion in a vineyard in a soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, it further includes: Monitoring the near-surface wind speed and the wind erosion amount at multiple positions in the target vineyard in winter.

[0016] In the wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in the soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, first, according to the geographical location of the target vineyard, the winter wind direction of the target vineyard is determined. Then, according to the winter wind direction of the target vineyard, a windbreak barrier area is demarcated on the windward side of the target vineyard, and the windbreak barrier area extends along the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard, so that the windbreak barrier area can protect various positions on the windward side of the target vineyard. Perennial plants are planted in the windbreak barrier area, and the perennial plants are cultivated to a closed state, and the perennial plants in the closed state form a windbreak barrier. With such a setting, a windbreak barrier is formed on the windward side of the target vineyard by the perennial plants in the closed state, which can effectively reduce the near-surface wind speed of the target vineyard and reduce the wind erosion amount of the target vineyard. Moreover, the windbreak barrier is formed by perennial plants, has a relatively long lifespan, does not need to be planted every year, and is convenient to maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in the soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution position of the windbreak barrier area on the windward side of the target vineyard provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution position of the anemometers of the target vineyard protected by the wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in the soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution position of the wind erosion plates of the target vineyard protected by the wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in the soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention.

[0022] REFERENCE SIGNS: 1. Target vineyard; 2. Perennial plant; 3. First windbreak barrier area; 4. Second windbreak barrier area; 5. Anemometer; 6. Wind erosion plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following will, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention, clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, rather than all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0025] The following will, in conjunction with Figures 1 to 4 describe the wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas of the present invention.

[0026] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, the wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas provided by the embodiments of the present invention mainly includes the following steps 110 to 140.

[0027] Step 110: Determine the winter wind direction of the target vineyard according to the geographical location of the target vineyard.

[0028] In different regions, the winter wind directions are different. In some regions, the winter wind direction is north wind or northwest wind, and there are also some regions where the winter wind direction is northeast wind, or even southeast wind and southwest wind.

[0029] When preventing wind erosion in vineyards in winter, it is necessary to determine the winter wind direction according to the geographical location of the vineyard to ensure the effect of wind erosion prevention.

[0030] Step 120: Divide a windbreak area on the windward side of the target vineyard according to the winter wind direction of the target vineyard, and the windbreak area extends along the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard.

[0031] After determining the winter wind direction of the target vineyard 1, the windward side of the target vineyard 1 can be determined. Some areas can be reserved and divided on the windward side of the target vineyard 1 as the windbreak area.

[0032] For example, if the winter wind direction of some target vineyards 1 is northwest, then the northwest side of the target vineyard 1 is the windward side, and some areas can be demarcated on the west and north sides of the target vineyard 1 as windbreak barrier areas. If the winter wind direction of some target vineyards 1 is north, then the north side of the target vineyard 1 is the windward side, and some areas can be demarcated on the north side of the target vineyard 1 as windbreak barrier areas.

[0033] The windbreak barrier area needs to extend along the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard 1, specifically from one end to the other end of the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard 1, so that the windbreak barrier area can fully protect all positions on the windward side of the target vineyard 1.

[0034] Step 130: Plant perennial plants in the windbreak barrier area.

[0035] Perennial plants 2 have a relatively long lifespan and do not need to be replanted annually, with persistence, which is beneficial to improving the overall cost-effectiveness.

[0036] Step 140: Cultivate the perennial plants to a closed state to form a windbreak barrier.

[0037] The closed state refers to the state where the plant canopies are intertwined and grow densely, and the bottom and top of the plants are continuous together to form a continuous covering layer.

[0038] After planting perennial plants 2 in the windbreak barrier area, water the perennial plants 2 sufficiently to keep the soil moist within one week. Before reaching the closed state, remove weeds in a timely manner.

[0039] With such a setting, using the perennial plants 2 in the closed state to form a windbreak barrier on the windward side of the target vineyard 1 can effectively reduce the near-surface wind speed of the target vineyard 1 and reduce the wind erosion amount of the target vineyard 1. Moreover, the windbreak barrier is formed by perennial plants 2, which have a relatively long lifespan. Once established, it can provide protection for many years, reducing the maintenance cost and workload.

[0040] In addition, the root systems of perennial plants 2 also help to prevent soil erosion, increase the soil organic matter content, improve the soil structure, and enhance the soil air permeability and water retention capacity.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, the perennial plants 2 can be, but are not limited to, selected from Trachypogon spicatus or Miscanthus elongatus.

[0042] Both Ischaemum ciliare or Ischaemum elongatum are native plants with a fast growth rate and can reach a fully closed state in the year of planting. Moreover, the seed reproduction rate of Ischaemum ciliare or Ischaemum elongatum is low. While forming a windbreak barrier, it will not cause grass damage to Target Vineyard 1. Moreover, Ischaemum ciliare or Ischaemum elongatum has a flowering period and has ornamental value. After entering the flowering period, it can be used as a landscape in Target Vineyard 1 to improve the beauty of Target Vineyard 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the perennial plant 2 is a container seedling. A container seedling is a plant planted in a container, which has the advantages of being convenient to move and having free soil selection, and is more convenient for early cultivation and breeding.

[0044] When planting the perennial plant 2 in the windbreak barrier area, just transplant the container seedling to the windbreak barrier area.

[0045] By transplanting the container seedling, the roots will not be damaged during transplantation, which can improve the transplanting survival rate of the perennial plant 2.

[0046] In some embodiments, transplantation can be carried out in the time period from April to May and the time period from mid-August to early September.

[0047] The time period from April to May has suitable climate conditions and sufficient precipitation, which helps the rapid recovery growth of the roots. Moreover, it has a long growth period, can accumulate nutrients, and enhance the resistance to winter.

[0048] The evaporation amount in the time period from mid-August to early September is less, and the temperature and humidity are moderate, which is beneficial to the healing of the roots and the generation of new roots. There is enough time to establish a stable root network before the arrival of winter. Moreover, it can avoid the high incidence period of summer pests and diseases and the damage caused by extreme temperature changes.

[0049] In this embodiment, the windward side of Target Vineyard 1 has a first boundary line and a second boundary line. The first boundary line and the second boundary line are adjacent and are set at an angle. Both the first boundary line and the second boundary line are set at an angle with the winter wind direction.

[0050] For example, if the winter wind direction of Target Vineyard 1 is northwest, then the north boundary line and the west boundary line of Target Vineyard 1 are the first boundary line and the second boundary line respectively.

[0051] Correspondingly, a first windbreak barrier area 3 and a second windbreak barrier area 4 need to be set on the windward side of Target Vineyard 1.

[0052] The first windbreak barrier area 3 corresponds to the first boundary line, and the first windbreak barrier area 3 extends along the first boundary line. The perennial plants 2 planted in the first windbreak barrier area 3 are used to block and weaken the wind force on this side and reduce the near-surface wind speed.

[0053] The second windbreak zone 4 corresponds to the second boundary line and extends along the second boundary line. Perennial plants 2 planted through the second windbreak zone 4 block and weaken the wind force on this side, reducing the near-surface wind speed.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, at least two first windbreak zones 3 are provided, and each first windbreak zone 3 extends along the first boundary line of the target vineyard 1, and each first windbreak zone 3 is spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the first boundary line.

[0055] That is to say, in the direction perpendicular to the first boundary line, the target vineyard 1 is segmented and protected by the perennial plants 2 of multiple first windbreak zones 3.

[0056] At least two second windbreak zones 4 are provided, and each second windbreak zone 4 extends along the second boundary line, and each second windbreak zone 4 is spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the second boundary line.

[0057] That is to say, in the direction perpendicular to the second boundary line, the target vineyard 1 is segmented and protected by the perennial plants 2 of multiple second windbreak zones 4.

[0058] On the leeward side of the windbreak, the closer the position is to the windbreak, the smaller the near-surface wind speed, and the farther the position is from the windbreak, the greater the near-surface wind speed. The windbreak distance of the windbreak refers to the distance between the position where the near-surface wind speed is greater than or equal to a predetermined value and the windbreak on the leeward side of the windbreak.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, it is necessary to determine the number of windbreak zones arranged in the target vineyard 1 according to the size of the target vineyard 1 and the windbreak distance of the windbreak.

[0060] For a target vineyard 1 with a small boundary line size along the winter wind direction, only arranging a windbreak zone on the boundary line on the windward side of the target vineyard 1 can effectively reduce the near-surface wind speed in the overall area of the target vineyard 1.

[0061] For a target vineyard 1 with a large boundary line size along the winter wind direction, when only arranging a windbreak zone on the boundary line on the windward side of the target vineyard 1, at positions in the target vineyard 1 that are far from the windward side boundary line, there is still a relatively large near-surface wind speed. At this time, it is also necessary to add windbreak zones in the target vineyard 1 for segmented and zonal protection to minimize the near-surface wind speed at each position in the target vineyard 1 as much as possible.

[0062] In this embodiment, at least two groups of perennial plants 2 are planted in each windbreak area. Each group of perennial plants 2 is spaced along a direction perpendicular to the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard 1, and each plant in each group of perennial plants 2 is spaced along the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard 1.

[0063] Making the perennial plants 2 in the windbreak area evenly distributed is conducive to improving the consistency of the windproof performance at each position of the formed windbreak.

[0064] Specifically, adjacent groups of perennial plants 2 are arranged in a staggered manner. It can be understood that in the same windbreak area, among adjacent groups of perennial plants 2, any one plant in the first group of perennial plants 2 corresponds to the position between two adjacent plants in the second group of perennial plants 2. Correspondingly, any one plant in the second group of perennial plants 2 also corresponds to the position between two adjacent plants in the first group of perennial plants 2.

[0065] In this way, the first group of perennial plants 2 can block and weaken the wind force in the gap between two adjacent plants in the second group of perennial plants 2, making the windproof effect more sufficient.

[0066] In this embodiment, the distance between adjacent groups of perennial plants 2 is 20 - 40 cm. Specifically, the distance between adjacent groups of perennial plants 2 can be made 30 cm.

[0067] The distance between adjacent plants in each group of perennial plants 2 is 40 - 60 cm. Specifically, the distance between adjacent plants in each group of perennial plants 2 can be made 50 cm.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present invention, the size of the windbreak area along the direction perpendicular to the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard 1 is greater than 50 cm, ensuring the density of the windbreak along the winter wind direction and improving the wind erosion prevention effect.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, in the method for preventing wind erosion in a vineyard in a soil-burying cold protection area, it is also necessary to monitor the near-surface wind speed and wind erosion amount at multiple positions in the target vineyard 1 in winter to monitor the wind erosion prevention effect. When the near-surface wind speed is too high or the wind erosion amount is too large, corresponding measures should be taken in a timely manner, and the planting density of the perennial plants 2 should be appropriately adjusted in the coming year to ensure the wind erosion prevention effect in the coming winter.

[0070] Specifically, for the near-surface wind speed, anemometers 5 can be set at positions 2 m, 50 m, and 102 m inside the target vineyard 1 to continuously monitor the wind speed at positions 10 cm, 20 cm, and 200 cm above the ground, so as to analyze and confirm the effect of the formed windbreak in reducing the near-surface wind speed.

[0071] For the wind erosion amount, wind erosion disks 6 can be buried at positions 2 meters away from the windbreak in the target vineyard 1 at intervals of 20 meters or 10 meters in the direction away from the windbreak, and the wind erosion amounts at positions at different distances from the windbreak can be observed by using multiple wind erosion disks 6.

[0072] Through a large amount of test data, it can be determined that by using the wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in the soil-burying cold protection area provided by the present invention, the near-surface wind speed can be significantly reduced. As the distance from the windbreak increases, the effect of reducing the wind speed gradually decreases. At a position 50 meters away from the windbreak and at a height of 10 centimeters above the ground surface, the wind speed can still be reduced by 30%. The windbreak can increase the settlement of wind-eroded materials and significantly reduce the surface soil wind erosion of the target vineyard 1. Compared with the vineyard without a windbreak formed by perennial plants 2, the reduction rate of the surface soil wind erosion amount of the target vineyard 1 is more than 40%.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing wind erosion in vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas, characterized in that, Including: Determine the winter wind direction of the target vineyard according to the geographical location of the target vineyard; According to the winter wind direction of the target vineyard, divide a windbreak area on the windward side of the target vineyard, and the windbreak area extends along the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard; Plant perennial plants in the windbreak area; Cultivate the perennial plants to a closed state to form a windbreak.

2. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold regions according to claim 1, wherein The perennial plants include Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. var. ciliatus (Hook. f.) Hack. or Miscanthus longiligulatus (Hand.-Mazz.) L. Liu.

3. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas according to claim 1, wherein, The perennial plants are container seedlings, and the step of planting perennial plants in the windbreak area includes: Transplant the container seedlings to the windbreak area.

4. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold protection areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The windward side of the target vineyard has a first boundary line and a second boundary line that are adjacent and arranged at an angle, and both the first boundary line and the second boundary line are arranged at an angle with the winter wind direction; A first windbreak area and a second windbreak area are arranged on the windward side of the target vineyard. The first windbreak area corresponds to the first boundary line and extends along the first boundary line. The second windbreak area corresponds to the second boundary line and extends along the second boundary line.

5. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least two blocks are arranged in the first windbreak area, and each block of the first windbreak area extends along the first boundary line, and each block of the first windbreak area is spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the first boundary line; And / or, at least two blocks are arranged in the second windbreak area, and each block of the second windbreak area extends along the second boundary line, and each block of the second windbreak area is spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the second boundary line.

6. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold regions according to claim 1, wherein, At least two groups of the perennial plants are planted in the windbreak area, and each group of the perennial plants is spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard, and each group of the perennial plants is spaced apart along the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard.

7. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold regions according to claim 6, characterized in that, Adjacent two groups of the perennial plants are arranged staggeredly.

8. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold regions according to claim 6, wherein The distance between adjacent two groups of the perennial plants is 20-40 cm, and the distance between adjacent two of the perennial plants in each group is 40-60 cm.

9. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in the soil-burying cold protection area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dimension of the windbreak area in the direction perpendicular to the windward side boundary line of the target vineyard is greater than 50 cm.

10. The wind erosion prevention method for vineyards in soil-burying cold regions according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Also including: Monitor the near-surface wind speed and wind erosion amount at multiple positions in the target vineyard in winter.

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