High-light-energy-efficiency addressable graphical intelligent headlamp based on Micro-LED array

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent automobile headlamps and projection display, and relates to a Micro-LED array-based high-light-energy-efficiency addressable graphical intelligent headlamp, which comprises a Micro-LED display chip, a collimation array and a projection lens group, the collimation array is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display chip, comprises a plurality of collimation structures aligned with the centers of the light-emitting units one by one, and is used for collimating light emitted by the light-emitting units, so that the angle of the emergent light of the light-emitting units is smaller than a set angle; the projection lens group is arranged on the side, away from the display chip, of the collimation array and at least comprises a first spherical lens and a first aspheric lens, the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens is arranged on the side close to the collimation array, and the convex spherical surface of the first spherical lens is arranged on the side away from the collimation array; the first aspheric lens is arranged on the side, away from the collimation array, of the first spherical lens, and the surfaces of the two sides of the first aspheric lens are both convex high-order aspheric surfaces. According to the intelligent headlamp, the purposes of miniaturization, high energy efficiency and low cost are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of intelligent vehicle headlights and projection display, and in particular to a high-light energy efficiency addressable graphic intelligent headlight based on a Micro-LED array. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy and technology, automobiles have become important means of transportation in people's daily lives, promoting the rapid development of automobiles towards the intelligent direction. Therefore, the automobile headlight system has gradually developed towards an intelligent visual interaction system, with the characteristics of being safer, more intelligent, and more personalized. Achieving information interaction through intelligent projection headlights has become the focus of future research. Intelligent projection headlights can not only display driving routes and directions to drivers, project and display traffic signs that are easily overlooked, but also project and display lane lines, traffic signs, traffic scene information, and vehicle information on the road surface, which is conducive to information transmission to surrounding traffic participants, ensuring traffic safety, and enabling the orderly and efficient operation of traffic.

[0003] Currently, intelligent projection headlights based on DLP have been further upgraded in function compared to adaptive headlight systems and adaptive high beam systems, and have functional characteristics such as being programmable, fully digital, and interactive. However, with the development of semiconductor technology, self-luminous display chips such as OLED, Mini-LED, and Micro-LED have been applied to projection systems. Compared with intelligent projection headlights based on DLP, they have a faster response speed, higher efficiency, and lower power consumption, and are more in line with the development direction of intelligent vehicle headlights.

[0004] However, due to the relatively large beam divergence angle (nearly 180°) of the self-luminous LED array display chip, the numerical aperture is relatively large, while the numerical aperture of the projection lens is relatively small, and the numerical apertures between them do not match, resulting in partial energy overflow and low energy utilization rate. To improve the energy utilization rate, the projection lens needs to add more optical elements to increase the numerical aperture of the projection lens, so that the large-angle light beam emitted by the LED array can enter the lens and participate in imaging. This not only increases the volume and structural complexity of the projection lens, but also, since the included angle between the large-angle light beam and the optical axis of the lens is relatively large, it is difficult to focus the large-angle light beam and the small-angle light beam on the same imaging plane, which will also cause imaging blur and affect the imaging quality. Therefore, in the prior art, in order to balance the imaging quality and system volume, large-angle light beams are often discarded, resulting in loss of large-angle light energy, and the energy utilization rate of automotive intelligent projection headlights is less than 12%.

[0005] In summary, how to design an automotive intelligent projection headlight with high imaging quality, small system volume, and high energy utilization rate is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the existing automotive intelligent projection headlights that it is impossible to balance imaging quality, system volume, and energy utilization efficiency.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned intelligent headlight based on a Micro-LED array, including: A Micro-LED display chip; A collimation array disposed on the light-emitting side of the Micro-LED display chip, including a plurality of collimation structures that are respectively centered and aligned with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip, for collimating the light emitted by the light-emitting units, so that the emission angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting units is less than a set angle; A projection lens group disposed on the side of the collimation array away from the Micro-LED display chip, at least including a first spherical lens and a first aspherical lens; wherein, the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens is disposed on the side close to the collimation array, and the convex spherical surface is disposed on the side away from the collimation array; the first aspherical lens is disposed on the side of the first spherical lens away from the collimation array, and both of its two surfaces are convex aspherical surfaces of high order.

[0008] In this application, the collimation array is used to collimate the light emitted by the Micro-LED display chip, concentrate the light energy into a small divergence angle beam, and the spherical and aspherical lenses in the projection lens group modulate the beam to emit parallel light at different angles, and project the image on the Micro-LED array. At the same time, under the condition of not changing the numerical aperture of the projection lens group, because the collimation array concentrates more light energy in a small angle range, the energy utilization efficiency of the system is effectively improved; at the same time, the collimation array and the projection lens are jointly optimized, which can ensure the collimation effect of the collimation array and also ensure that the aberrations introduced by the collimation array in the system are optimized and corrected. Therefore, the projection lens group and the collimation array are matched and corresponding. Only by using the spherical and aspherical lenses of the projection lens to correct aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism, and emitting the beam as parallel light at different angles to the imaging surface, can the imaging be clear and accurate. This solution reduces the number of lenses and the structural complexity of the projection lens group on the premise of ensuring imaging quality, effectively reduces the volume of the automotive intelligent projection headlight, and improves its energy utilization efficiency.

[0009] Preferably, the collimation structure includes: A first microlens, the center of the sub-lens is aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit, and both of its two surfaces are convex aspherical surfaces of high order; A second microlens, disposed on the side of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit, the center of the sub-lens is aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit, the surface on its side close to the first microlens is a concave aspherical surface of high order, and the surface on its side away from the first microlens is a flat surface; The base layer is disposed on the surface of the second microlens away from the first microlens.

[0010] In this application, the first microlens can be used to refract the light beams emitted by the light-emitting unit at different angles, so that the light beams emitted at different angles converge towards the optical axis. At the same time, the design of the convex high-order aspherical surface can precisely control the refraction angle of the light beam. Compared with the ordinary spherical surface, it can better process the marginal light beam and reduce the aberration. At the same time, the concave high-order aspherical surface of the second microlens matches the convex high-order aspherical surface of the first microlens, so that the light beam can be finely adjusted to make the light beam parallel to the optical axis. Finally, the base layer provides a flat exit surface for the collimated light beam, and without changing the propagation direction of the light beam, the light beam is neatly propagated to the projection lens group.

[0011] Preferably, both surfaces of the first microlens are convex high-order aspherical surfaces of the 8th order term; The coefficient of the 2nd order term of the convex high-order aspherical surface of the first microlens close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the value range of the coefficient of the 4th order term is ; the value range of the coefficient of the 6th order term is ; the value range of the coefficient of the 8th order term is ; The coefficient of the 2nd order term of the convex high-order aspherical surface of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit is 0; the value range of the coefficient of the 4th order term is ; the value range of the coefficient of the 6th order term is ; the value range of the coefficient of the 8th order term is .

[0012] In this application, by defining the specific surface shape of the convex high-order aspherical surfaces on both sides of the first microlens, the convex high-order aspherical surface of the first microlens close to the light-emitting unit is smaller, and the convex high-order aspherical surface away from the light-emitting unit is larger. The asymmetric convex design can more effectively collect the light beams emitted from various angles of the light-emitting unit, include the light beams at the edge part in the refraction range, improve the light beam collection rate. At the same time, the exit surface of the first microlens can avoid excessive convergence of the light beam, so that the light beam is emitted to the second microlens with a more appropriate distribution.

[0013] Preferably, the surface shape of the concave high-order aspherical surface of the second microlens is the same as the surface shape of the convex high-order aspherical surface of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit; The second microlens and the first microlens are glued together to form a glued body.

[0014] In this application, the surface shape of the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second microlens matches the surface shape of the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit. Thus, the second microlens and the first microlens are formed into a glued body by gluing. The glued aspheric surface can make light beams of different wavelengths converge at the same position as much as possible, thereby reducing the imaging blur and distortion problems caused by chromatic aberration and phase difference, and improving the imaging clarity and resolution.

[0015] Preferably, both surfaces of the first aspheric lens are convex high-order aspheric surfaces of the 10th order term. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first spherical lens is [-0.12, -0.1], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first spherical lens is [-215.48, -215.46]; The coefficient of the 2nd order term of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first aspheric lens is 0; the value range of the coefficient of the 4th order term is ; the value range of the coefficient of the 6th order term is ; the value range of the coefficient of the 8th order term is ; the value range of the coefficient of the 10th order term is .

[0016] In this application, by setting the conic coefficients on both sides of the first aspheric lens, the refraction angle of the light beam at the edge of the incident surface of the first aspheric lens is relatively reduced compared with that of the spherical lens, preliminarily converging the light beam and correcting the aberration. At the same time, the refraction angle of the light beam at the edge of the exit surface of the first aspheric lens is bent greatly, making the light beam converge more strongly towards the optical axis direction, enhancing the correction effect on the spherical aberration and coma of the light beam, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0017] Preferably, the projection lens group further includes a second aspheric lens and a second spherical lens; The second aspheric lens is arranged on the side of the first aspheric lens away from the first spherical lens, and both of its surfaces are concave high-order aspheric surfaces; The second spherical lens is arranged on the side of the second aspheric lens away from the first aspheric lens. The surface on the side close to the second aspheric lens is a concave spherical surface, and the surface on the side away from the second aspheric lens is a convex spherical surface.

[0018] In this application, the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second aspheric lens can be used to further fine-tune the propagation direction of the light beam, reduce the residual aberration still existing after the correction by the first aspheric lens, and finally the second spherical lens converges the light beam again, accurately focusing the light beam on the imaging plane, thereby forming a clear image.

[0019] Preferably, both surfaces of the second aspherical lens are 10th-order concave high-order aspherical surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspherical surface on the side close to the first aspherical lens is in the range of [-56.36, -56.34], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspherical surface on the side far from the first aspherical lens is in the range of [6, 8]; The 2nd-order term coefficient of both surfaces of the second aspherical lens is 0; the value range of the 4th-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the 6th-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the 8th-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the 10th-order term coefficient is .

[0020] In this application, by limiting the conic coefficient of the second aspherical lens on the side close to the first aspherical lens, when the light beam emitted by the first aspherical lens enters the second aspherical lens, the divergence angle of the light beam near the edge increases, so that the light beam distribution becomes more uniform; at the same time, the refraction angle of the light beam at the upper edge of the exit surface of the second aspherical lens decreases, thereby alleviating the degree of beam divergence, optimizing the divergence effect of the light beam, eliminating the residual aberration in the light beam emitted by the first aspherical lens, and further improving the imaging clarity.

[0021] Preferably, the ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is in the range of [10, 20], the refractive index is in the range of [1.85, 2.05], and the optical Abbe number is in the range of [32.22, 32.42]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the first aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is in the range of [0, 1], the refractive index is in the range of [1.78, 1.98], and the optical Abbe number is in the range of [40.75, 40.95]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the second aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is in the range of [-2, 2], the refractive index is in the range of [1.82, 2.02], and the optical Abbe number is in the range of [17.9, 19.9]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is in the range of [1, 2], the refractive index is in the range of [1, 3], and the optical Abbe number is in the range of [25.33, 25.53].

[0022] In this application, by limiting the focal length, refractive index, and optical Abbe number of each lens in the projection lens group, the light beam can be effectively converged and adjusted during propagation, further reducing the reflection and scattering losses of the light beam on the lens surface, improving the energy utilization rate, enabling more light beams to reach the imaging surface, and improving the brightness and contrast of the imaging. At the same time, combining lenses with different parameters can precisely control the propagation direction of the light beam and correct various aberrations, thereby achieving a high-resolution and high-clarity imaging effect and improving the imaging quality.

[0023] Preferably, the distance between the first spherical lens and the collimation array is [6.58 mm, 6.78 mm]; and / or The distance between the first aspherical lens and the first spherical lens is [0.1 mm, 0.3 mm]; and / or The distance between the second aspherical lens and the first aspherical lens is [0.4 mm, 0.6 mm]; and / or The distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is [2.54 mm, 2.74 mm].

[0024] In this application, by defining the distances between the respective lenses, it is possible to minimize the volume while ensuring the imaging quality, thereby further miniaturizing the automotive intelligent projection headlamp.

[0025] Preferably, the set angle is -30° to 30°; and / or The entrance pupil diameter of the intelligent headlamp is [3.5 mm, 4.5 mm], and the field of view angle is [45°, 55°].

[0026] The high - light energy - efficient addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro - LED array provided by the present application includes a Micro - LED display chip, a collimating array, and a projection lens group; the collimating array includes a plurality of collimating structures that are centered and aligned one - to - one with the light - emitting units in the Micro - LED display chip, and is used to collimate the light emitted by the light - emitting units, so that the angle of the light emitted by the light - emitting units is less than a set angle; the projection lens group includes at least a first spherical lens and a first aspherical lens; wherein, the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens is arranged on the side close to the collimating array, and the convex spherical surface is arranged on the side away from the collimating array; the first aspherical lens is arranged on the side of the first spherical lens away from the collimating array, and both of its two surfaces are convex aspherical surfaces of high order. First, the present application uses the collimating structures to collimate the light emitted by each light - emitting unit in the Micro - LED display chip, reducing the scattering and emission of the light beam during propagation. At the same time, the first spherical lens in the projection lens group converges the collimated light beam, making it more concentrated and directed towards the first aspherical lens. Then, the first aspherical lens adjusts the incident angle and propagation direction of the light beam, reducing the reflection and refraction losses of the light beam, thereby increasing the energy utilization rate of the system to more than 36%. In addition, since the collimating array enables the light beam to have good distribution and propagation characteristics before entering the projection lens group, it corrects the aberration to a certain extent and undertakes part of the aberration correction function, reducing the aberration correction pressure of the projection lens group. Therefore, the projection lens group only needs to use a spherical lens to correct some simple aberrations, and then use a lens with convex aspherical surfaces of high order to accurately correct complex aberrations such as coma and astigmatism, so as to make the imaging clear and accurate. By using the combined optimization of the collimating array and the projection lens group, on the premise of ensuring the imaging quality, the number of lenses and the structural complexity of the projection lens group are reduced, enabling the smart headlamp to achieve the goals of miniaturization, high energy utilization rate, and high imaging quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the following further details the present invention according to specific embodiments of the present invention and in combination with the drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the high - light energy - efficient addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro - LED array provided by the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the Micro - LED display chip provided by the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the collimating array provided by the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the collimating structure collimating the light beam of the light - emitting unit provided by the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the collimating structure provided by the present application; Description of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Micro-LED display chip; 11. Light-emitting unit; 2. Collimation array; 21. Collimation structure; 211. First microlens; 212. Second microlens; 213. Substrate layer; 3. Projection lens group; 31. First spherical lens; 32. First aspherical lens; 33. Second aspherical lens; 34. Second spherical lens. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and be able to implement it, but the specific embodiments cited are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 shown is a schematic structural diagram of a high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned intelligent headlamp based on a Micro-LED array provided by the present application. The intelligent headlamp includes a Micro-LED display chip 1, a collimation array 2, and a projection lens group 3.

[0030] Optionally, the Micro-LED display chip 1 can be Micro-LED, Mini-LED, or OLED.

[0031] As Figure 2 shown is a schematic structural diagram of the Micro-LED display chip 1. The Micro-LED display chip 1 includes a plurality of light-emitting units 11 arranged in an array. As can be seen from Figure 2 , the main energy of the light beam of each light-emitting unit 11 is concentrated within a divergence angle range of -60° to 60°.

[0032] The collimation array 2 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the Micro-LED display chip 1 and includes a plurality of collimation structures 21 that are centered and aligned with the light-emitting units 11 in the Micro-LED display chip 1, and is used to collimate the light emitted by the light-emitting units 11 so that the angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting units 11 is less than a set angle.

[0033] Specifically, the distance between the collimation array 2 and the Micro-LED display chip 1 is less than or equal to 5 μm.

[0034] As Figure 3 shown is a schematic structural diagram of the collimation array 2, and as Figure 4 shown is a schematic diagram of the collimation structure 21 in the collimation array 2 collimating the light beam of the light-emitting unit 11. As can be seen from Figure 4 , after the light beam emitted by the light-emitting unit 11 enters the collimation structure 21, the divergence angle of its emitted light is reduced to the set angle.

[0035] Further, the set angle is -30° to 30°. For example, the set angle can be -30°, -26°, -22°, -18°, -14°, -10°, 10°, 14°, 18°, 22°, 26°, 30°.

[0036] The projection lens group 3 is arranged on the side of the collimation array 2 away from the Micro-LED display chip 1, and at least includes a first spherical lens 31 and a first aspherical lens 32. Among them, the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens 31 is arranged on the side close to the collimation array 2, and the convex spherical surface is arranged on the side away from the collimation array 2; the first aspherical lens 32 is arranged on the side of the first spherical lens 31 away from the collimation array 2, and both of its two side surfaces are convex aspherical surfaces of high order.

[0037] Further, the entrance pupil diameter of the intelligent headlight is [3.5 mm, 4.5 mm], and the field of view angle is [45°, 55°]. For example, the entrance pupil diameter of the intelligent headlight can be 3.5 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.1 mm, 4.3 mm or 4.5 mm, and the field of view angle can be 45°, 47°, 49°, 52° or 55°.

[0038] Further, as Figure 5 shown in the structural schematic diagram of the collimation structure 21, the collimation structure 21 specifically includes a first microlens 211, a second microlens 212 and a base layer 213.

[0039] The center of the sub-lens of the first microlens 211 is aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit 11, and both of its two side surfaces are convex aspherical surfaces of high order.

[0040] The second microlens 212 is arranged on the side of the first microlens 211 away from the light-emitting unit 11, the center of its sub-lens is aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit 11, the surface on the side close to the first microlens 211 is a concave aspherical surface of high order, and the surface on the side away from the first microlens 211 is a plane.

[0041] The base layer 213 is arranged on the surface of the second microlens 212 away from the first microlens 211.

[0042] The first microlens 211 can be used to refract the light beams with different angles emitted by the light-emitting unit 11 in a targeted manner, so that the light beams emitted at different angles are converged towards the optical axis direction. At the same time, the design of the convex aspherical surface of high order can accurately control the refraction angle of the light beam. Compared with the ordinary spherical surface, it can better process the edge light beams and reduce aberration; at the same time, the concave aspherical surface of high order of the second microlens 212 matches the convex aspherical surface of high order of the first microlens 211, so that the light beam can be finely adjusted to make the light beam parallel to the optical axis. Finally, the base layer 213 provides a flat exit surface for the collimated light beam, so that the light beam propagates neatly to the projection lens group 3 without changing the propagation direction of the light beam.

[0043] Through the synergistic effect of the first microlens 211 and the second microlens 212, the divergent light emitted by the light-emitting unit 11 is effectively converted into a collimated light beam parallel to the optical axis, reducing the scattering and divergence of the light beam. On the one hand, it can deflect the large-angle light emitted by the Micro-LED display chip 1 and reduce the numerical aperture of the light emitted by the Micro-LED display chip 1, thereby improving the coupling efficiency between the Micro-LED display chip 1 and the projection lens group 3, and improving the energy utilization rate of the smart headlight; on the other hand, the collimating array 2 composed of the collimating structure 21 can act as a lens in the smart headlight, take on part of the aberration correction function, and jointly optimize with the projection lens group 3 to reduce the system aberration and improve the imaging quality, reduce the aberration correction pressure of the projection lens group 3, thereby reducing the number of lenses and the structural complexity of the projection lens group 3, making the smart headlight further miniaturized.

[0044] Specifically, the surface expression of high-order aspheric surface is: , in, Represents the vector height at the a-th sampling point on the high-order aspheric surface; , Represents the radius of curvature of the vertex of a high-order aspheric surface; represents the cone coefficient; represents the lens radius at the a-th sampling point on the high-order aspheric surface, , Represents the coordinates of the a-th sampling point on the high-order aspherical surface; , Indicates the number of sampling points on the high-order aspherical surface; is the second-order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface; is the 4th order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface; is the 6th order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface; is the 8th order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface; is the 10th-order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface.

[0045] The specific surface shape of the high-order aspheric surface can be determined by determining the order of the high-order aspheric surface and the coefficient of each order term. Although high-order aspheric surfaces can adjust the incident light beam more accurately than low-order aspheric surfaces, as the order increases, the processing difficulty and production cost of the high-order aspheric surface also increase accordingly. Therefore, by setting reasonable order terms and coefficients of each order term, the lens's adjustment performance for the light beam and production cost can be balanced.

[0046] Furthermore, in the present application, both side surfaces of the first microlens 211 are 8th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces.

[0047] The second-order term coefficient of the convex surface of the first microlens 211 on the side close to the light-emitting unit 11 is 0; the fourth-order term coefficient ranges from ; the sixth-order term coefficient ranges from ; the eighth-order term coefficient ranges from .

[0048] The second-order term coefficient of the convex surface of the first microlens 211 on the side far from the light-emitting unit 11 is 0; the fourth-order term coefficient ranges from ; the sixth-order term coefficient ranges from ; the eighth-order term coefficient ranges from .

[0049] Specifically, by defining the specific surface shape of the convex surface of the high-order aspheric surface on both sides of the first microlens 211, the convex surface of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the light-emitting unit 11 is made smaller, and the convex surface of the high-order aspheric surface on the side far from the light-emitting unit 11 is made larger. This asymmetric convex surface design can more effectively collect the light beams emitted from various angles of the light-emitting unit 11, incorporate the light beams in the edge part into the refraction range, improve the light beam collection rate. At the same time, the exit surface of the first microlens 211 can avoid excessive convergence of the light beams, so that the light beams are emitted to the second microlens 212 with a more appropriate distribution.

[0050] Furthermore, the surface shape of the concave surface of the high-order aspheric surface of the second microlens 212 is the same as the surface shape of the convex surface of the high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens 211 on the side far from the light-emitting unit 11.

[0051] The second microlens 212 and the first microlens 211 are glued together to form a glued body.

[0052] Specifically, by forming a glued body by gluing the second microlens 212 and the first microlens 211, the glued aspheric surface can make the light beams of different wavelengths converge at the same position as much as possible, thereby reducing the imaging blur and distortion problems caused by chromatic aberration and phase difference, and improving the imaging clarity and resolution.

[0053] Furthermore, both surfaces of the first aspheric lens 32 are convex high-order aspheric surfaces of the tenth-order term. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first spherical lens 31 is [-0.12, -0.1], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side far from the first spherical lens 31 is [-215.48, -215.46]; The second-order term coefficient of the convex surface of the high-order aspheric surface on both sides of the first aspheric lens 32 is 0; the fourth-order term coefficient ranges from ; the sixth-order term coefficient ranges from ; the eighth-order term coefficient ranges from ; the tenth-order term coefficient ranges from .

[0054] By setting the conic coefficients on both sides of the first aspherical lens 32, the refraction angle of the light beam near the edge of the incident surface of the first aspherical lens 32 is relatively reduced compared to that of a spherical lens, preliminarily converging the light beam and correcting the aberration. At the same time, the refraction angle of the light beam near the edge of the exit surface of the first aspherical lens 32 is bent significantly, causing the light beam to converge more strongly towards the optical axis direction, enhancing the correction effect on the spherical aberration and coma of the light beam, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0055] Further, as Figure 1 shown, the projection lens group 3 further includes a second aspherical lens 33 and a second spherical lens 34.

[0056] The second aspherical lens 33 is arranged on the side of the first aspherical lens 32 away from the first spherical lens 31, and both of its two side surfaces are concave aspherical surfaces of high order.

[0057] The second spherical lens 34 is arranged on the side of the second aspherical lens 33 away from the first aspherical lens 32. The surface of the second spherical lens 34 close to the second aspherical lens 33 is a concave spherical surface, and the surface away from the second aspherical lens 33 is a convex spherical surface.

[0058] Specifically, after the light beam emitted by the collimation array 2 is converged by the first spherical lens 31 and regulated by the first aspherical lens 32, the concave aspherical surface of high order of the second aspherical lens 33 can further fine-tune the propagation direction of the light beam, reducing the residual aberration still existing after the correction by the first aspherical lens 32. Finally, the second spherical lens 34 converges the light beam again, accurately focusing the light beam on the imaging plane, thereby forming a clear image.

[0059] Optionally, the materials of the first aspherical lens 32 and the second aspherical lens 33 can be optical plastics or glass. In a specific example, the materials of the first aspherical lens 32 and the second aspherical lens 33 are polycarbonate because polycarbonate has the characteristics of high strength and high temperature resistance, and the processing technology is simple, and both the production cost and the processing cost are lower than those of optical glass.

[0060] Further, both of the two side surfaces of the second aspherical lens 33 are 10th-order concave aspherical surfaces of high order. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspherical surface on the side of the second aspherical lens 33 close to the first aspherical lens 32 is [-56.36, -56.34], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspherical surface on the side away from the first aspherical lens 32 is [6, 8]; The 2nd-order term coefficients of the two side surfaces of the second aspherical lens 33 are 0; the value range of the 4th-order term coefficients is ; the value range of the 6th-order term coefficients is ; the value range of the 8th-order term coefficients is ; the value range of the 10th-order term coefficients is .

[0061] Specifically, by limiting the conic coefficient of the second aspherical lens 33 on the side close to the first aspherical lens 32, when the light beam emitted from the first aspherical lens 32 enters the second aspherical lens 33, the divergence angle of the light beam near the edge increases, so that the light beam distribution becomes more uniform; at the same time, the refraction angle of the light beam at the upper edge of the exit surface of the second aspherical lens 33 decreases, thereby alleviating the degree of light beam divergence, optimizing the divergence effect of the light beam, eliminating the residual aberration in the light beam emitted from the first aspherical lens 32, and further improving the imaging clarity.

[0062] Furthermore, the ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens 31 to the focal length of the projection lens group 3 is [10, 20], the refractive index is [1.85, 2.05], and the optical Abbe number is [32.22, 32.42].

[0063] Furthermore, the ratio of the focal length of the first aspherical lens 32 to the focal length of the projection lens group 3 is [0, 1], the refractive index is [1.78, 1.98], and the optical Abbe number is [40.75, 40.95].

[0064] Furthermore, the ratio of the focal length of the second aspherical lens 33 to the focal length of the projection lens group 3 is [-2, 2], the refractive index is [1.82, 2.02], and the optical Abbe number is [17.9, 19.9].

[0065] Furthermore, the ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens 34 to the focal length of the projection lens group 3 is [1, 2], the refractive index is [1, 3], and the optical Abbe number is [25.33, 25.53].

[0066] Specifically, by limiting the focal length, refractive index, and optical Abbe number of each lens in the projection lens group 3, the light beam can be effectively converged and adjusted during the propagation process, further reducing the reflection and scattering losses of the light beam on the lens surface, improving the energy utilization rate, enabling more light beams to reach the imaging surface, and improving the brightness and contrast of the imaging. At the same time, combining lenses with different parameters can precisely control the propagation direction of the light beam and correct various aberrations, thereby achieving a high-resolution and high-clarity imaging effect and improving the imaging quality.

[0067] Furthermore, the distance between the first spherical lens 31 and the collimating array 2 is [6.58 mm, 6.78 mm].

[0068] Furthermore, the distance between the first aspherical lens 32 and the first spherical lens 31 is [0.1 mm, 0.3 mm].

[0069] Furthermore, the distance between the second aspherical lens 33 and the first aspherical lens 32 is [0.4 mm, 0.6 mm].

[0070] Further, the distance between the second spherical lens 34 and the second aspherical lens 33 is [2.54 mm, 2.74 mm].

[0071] Specifically, the distance between different lenses not only affects the imaging quality but also affects the volume. By defining the distances between the respective lenses in this application, it is possible to minimize the volume while ensuring the imaging quality, thereby further miniaturizing the intelligent headlight.

[0072] The technical solution of this application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with multiple embodiments. However, it should be understood that the following embodiments are only for explaining and illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of this application.

[0073] Embodiment 1 of this application provides a high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned intelligent headlight based on a Micro-LED array, specifically including: a Micro-LED display chip, a collimation array, and a projection lens group.

[0074] The collimation array includes a plurality of collimation structures that are centered and aligned one by one with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip. Each collimation structure includes a first microlens, a second microlens, and a base layer arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction.

[0075] Both surfaces of the first microlens are 8th-order convex aspherical surfaces. The 2nd-order term coefficient of the convex aspherical surface on the side close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the 4th-order term coefficient is ; the 6th-order term coefficient is ; the 8th-order term coefficient is ; the 2nd-order term coefficient of the convex aspherical surface on the side far from the light-emitting unit is 0; the 4th-order term coefficient is ; the 6th-order term coefficient is ; the 8th-order term coefficient is .

[0076] The surface of the second microlens close to the first microlens is a concave aspherical surface, and the surface far from the first microlens is a plane.

[0077] The projection lens group includes a first spherical lens, a first aspherical lens, a second aspherical lens, and a second spherical lens arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction.

[0078] The ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 10, the refractive index is 1.85, the optical Abbe number is 32.22, and the distance between the first spherical lens and the collimation array is 6.58 mm.

[0079] Both surfaces of the first aspherical lens are 10th-order convex aspherical surfaces. The conic coefficient of the aspherical surface on the side close to the first spherical lens is -0.12, and the conic coefficient of the aspherical surface on the side far from the first spherical lens is -215.48.

[0080] The 2nd-order coefficient of the convex aspherical surfaces on both sides of the first aspherical lens is 0; the 4th-order coefficient is ; the 6th-order coefficient is ; the 8th-order coefficient is ; the 10th-order coefficient is 1.359e-006.

[0081] The ratio of the focal length of the first aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 0, the refractive index is 1.78, the optical Abbe number is 40.75, and the distance between the first aspherical lens and the first spherical lens is 0.1 mm.

[0082] Both surfaces of the second aspherical lens are 10th-order concave aspherical surfaces. The conic coefficient of the aspherical surface on the side close to the first aspherical lens is -56.36, and the conic coefficient of the aspherical surface on the side far from the first aspherical lens is 6.

[0083] The 2nd-order coefficient of the two surfaces of the second aspherical lens is 0; the 4th-order coefficient is ; the 6th-order coefficient is ; the 8th-order coefficient is ; the 10th-order coefficient is 1.102e-007.

[0084] The ratio of the focal length of the second aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is -2, the refractive index is 1.82, the optical Abbe number is 17.9, and the distance between the second aspherical lens and the first aspherical lens is 0.4 mm.

[0085] The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 1, the refractive index is 1, the optical Abbe number is 25.33, and the distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is 2.54 mm.

[0086] Embodiment 2 of the present application provides a high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro-LED array, specifically including: a Micro-LED display chip, a collimation array, and a projection lens group.

[0087] The collimation array includes a plurality of collimation structures that are centered and aligned with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip one by one. Each collimation structure includes a first microlens, a second microlens, and a base layer arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction.

[0088] Both surfaces of the first microlens are convex high-order aspherical surfaces with 8th-order terms, and the coefficient of the 2nd-order term of the convex high-order aspherical surface on the side close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the coefficient of the 4th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 6th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 8th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 2nd-order term of the convex high-order aspherical surface on the side far from the light-emitting unit is 0; the coefficient of the 4th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 6th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 8th-order term is .

[0089] The surface of the second microlens close to the first microlens is a concave high-order aspherical surface, and the surface far from the first microlens is a plane.

[0090] The projection lens group includes a first spherical lens, a first aspherical lens, a second aspherical lens, and a second spherical lens arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction.

[0091] The ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 15, the refractive index is 1.9, the optical Abbe number is 32.27, and the distance between the first spherical lens and the collimation array is 6.63 mm.

[0092] Both surfaces of the first aspherical lens are convex high-order aspherical surfaces with 10th-order terms. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspherical surface on the side close to the first spherical lens is -0.115, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspherical surface on the side far from the first spherical lens is -215.475.

[0093] The coefficient of the 2nd-order term of the convex high-order aspherical surfaces on both sides of the first aspherical lens is 0; the coefficient of the 4th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 6th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 8th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 10th-order term is 1.3595e-006.

[0094] The ratio of the focal length of the first aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 0.5, the refractive index is 1.83, the optical Abbe number is 40.8, and the distance between the first aspherical lens and the first spherical lens is 0.15 mm.

[0095] Both surfaces of the second aspherical lens are concave high-order aspherical surfaces with 10th-order terms. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspherical surface on the side close to the first aspherical lens is -56.355, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspherical surface on the side far from the first aspherical lens is 6.5.

[0096] The coefficient of the 2nd-order term of both surfaces of the second aspherical lens is 0; the coefficient of the 4th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 6th-order term is ; the coefficient of the 8th-order term is ; The coefficient of the 10th order term is 1.1025e-007.

[0097] The ratio of the focal length of the second aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 0, the refractive index is 1.87, the optical Abbe number is 18.4, and the distance between the second aspherical lens and the first aspherical lens is 0.45 mm.

[0098] The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 1.5, the refractive index is 1.5, the optical Abbe number is 25.38, and the distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is 2.59 mm.

[0099] Embodiment 3 of the present application provides a high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array, specifically including: a Micro-LED display chip, a collimation array, and a projection lens group.

[0100] The collimation array includes a plurality of collimation structures that are centered and aligned with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip one by one. Each collimation structure includes a first microlens, a second microlens, and a base layer arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction.

[0101] Both surfaces of the first microlens are 8th order convex aspherical surfaces. The coefficient of the 2nd order term of the convex aspherical surface on the side close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the coefficient of the 4th order term is ; the coefficient of the 6th order term is ; the coefficient of the 8th order term is ; the coefficient of the 2nd order term of the convex aspherical surface on the side far from the light-emitting unit is 0; the coefficient of the 4th order term is ; the coefficient of the 6th order term is ; the coefficient of the 8th order term is .

[0102] The surface of the second microlens close to the first microlens is a concave aspherical surface, and the surface far from the first microlens is a plane.

[0103] The projection lens group includes a first spherical lens, a first aspherical lens, a second aspherical lens, and a second spherical lens arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction.

[0104] The ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 20, the refractive index is 1.95, the optical Abbe number is 32.32, and the distance between the first spherical lens and the collimation array is 6.68 mm.

[0105] Both surfaces of the first aspherical lens are 10th order convex aspherical surfaces. The conic coefficient of the aspherical surface on the side close to the first spherical lens is -0.11, and the conic coefficient of the aspherical surface on the side far from the first spherical lens is -215.47.

[0106] The second-order term coefficient of the high-order aspheric surfaces on both convex sides of the first aspheric lens is 0; the fourth-order term coefficient is ; the sixth-order term coefficient is ; the eighth-order term coefficient is ; the tenth-order term coefficient is 1.359e-006.

[0107] The ratio of the focal length of the first aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 1, the refractive index is 1.88, the optical Abbe number is 40.85, and the distance between the first aspheric lens and the first spherical lens is 0.2 mm.

[0108] Both surfaces of the second aspheric lens are tenth-order concave high-order aspheric surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first aspheric lens is -56.35, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side far from the first aspheric lens is 7.

[0109] The second-order term coefficient of both surfaces of the second aspheric lens is 0; the fourth-order term coefficient is ; the sixth-order term coefficient is ; the eighth-order term coefficient is ; the tenth-order term coefficient is 1.103e-007.

[0110] The ratio of the focal length of the second aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 2, the refractive index is 1.92, the optical Abbe number is 18.9, and the distance between the second aspheric lens and the first aspheric lens is 0.5 mm.

[0111] The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 2, the refractive index is 2, the optical Abbe number is 25.43, and the distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspheric lens is 2.64 mm.

[0112] This application respectively tested the projection of the high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlight based on the Micro-LED array provided in the above Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3, and respectively tested the energy utilization rate of each high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlight based on the Micro-LED array, and obtained the test results shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Embodiment Energy utilization rate Embodiment 1 36.3% Embodiment 2 37.2% Embodiment 3 36.6% As can be seen from the table, the high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlight based on the Micro-LED array provided in this application has a high energy utilization rate, and the energy utilization rate is greater than 36%; moreover, by comparing the test results of Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3, it can be found that although the specific surface shapes of the lenses in the system, the distances between the lenses and other parameters are different, the energy utilization rates are not very different.

[0113] The present application provides a high-brightness energy-efficient addressable patterned intelligent headlight based on a Micro-LED array. The Micro-LED display chip is used as the image plane, and the eye side is the entrance pupil of the system. It consists of a projection lens group and a collimation array. The collimation structure in the collimation array converges the large-angle light beams of each light-emitting unit in the Micro-LED display chip into small-angle light beams, improving the coupling efficiency between the Micro-LED display chip and the projection lens group to enhance the energy utilization rate. At the same time, the collimation array plays a part in aberration correction in the whole system, reducing the aberration correction pressure of the projection lens group. Thus, the number of lenses in the projection lens group can be reduced. By jointly optimizing the collimation array and the lenses in the projection lens group, the number of lenses and the structural complexity of the projection lens group can be further reduced. While improving the energy utilization rate, the system volume is reduced, realizing the miniaturization, high performance, and low cost of intelligent vehicle headlights.

[0114] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned intelligent headlamp based on a Micro-LED array, characterized in that, Comprising: Micro-LED display chip; Collimation array, arranged on the light-emitting side of the Micro-LED display chip, including a plurality of collimation structures that are centered and aligned with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip one by one, for collimating the light emitted by the light-emitting units, so that the angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting units is less than a set angle; Projection lens group, arranged on the side of the collimation array away from the Micro-LED display chip, at least including a first spherical lens and a first aspherical lens; wherein, the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens is arranged on the side close to the collimation array, and the convex spherical surface is arranged on the side away from the collimation array; the first aspherical lens is arranged on the side of the first spherical lens away from the collimation array, and both of its two surfaces are convex aspherical surfaces of high order.

2. The high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collimation structure includes: First microlens, the center of the sub-lens is aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit, and both of its two surfaces are convex aspherical surfaces of high order; Second microlens, arranged on the side of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit, the center of the sub-lens is aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit, the surface on its side close to the first microlens is a concave aspherical surface of high order, and the surface on its side away from the first microlens is a plane; Base layer, arranged on the surface of the second microlens away from the first microlens.

3. The high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 2, wherein Both of the two surfaces of the first microlens are convex aspherical surfaces of high order with an 8th-order term; The coefficient of the second-order term of the convex aspheric surface of the first microlens on the side close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the value range of the fourth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the sixth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the eighth-order term coefficient is ; The coefficient of the second-order term of the convex aspheric surface of the first microlens on the side away from the light-emitting unit is 0; the value range of the fourth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the sixth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the eighth-order term coefficient is .

4. The high-brightness energy-efficient addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 3, wherein The surface shape of the concave aspherical surface of the second microlens is the same as the surface shape of the convex aspherical surface of high order on the side of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit; The second microlens and the first microlens are glued together to form a glued body.

5. The high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 1, characterized in that Both of the two surfaces of the first aspherical lens are convex aspherical surfaces of high order with a 10th-order term, the conic coefficient of the aspherical surface of high order on its side close to the first spherical lens is [-0.12, -0.1], and the conic coefficient of the aspherical surface of high order on its side away from the first spherical lens is [-215.48, -215.46]; The second-order term coefficient of the high-order aspheric surfaces on both convex sides of the first aspheric lens is 0; the value range of the fourth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the sixth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the eighth-order term coefficient is ; The value range of the coefficient of the tenth-order term is .

6. The high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection lens group further includes a second aspherical lens and a second spherical lens; The second aspherical lens is arranged on the side of the first aspherical lens away from the first spherical lens, and both of its two surfaces are concave aspherical surfaces of high order; The second spherical lens is arranged on the side of the second aspherical lens away from the first aspherical lens, the surface on its side close to the second aspherical lens is a concave spherical surface, and the surface on its side away from the second aspherical lens is a convex spherical surface.

7. The high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 6, characterized in that Both of the two surfaces of the second aspherical lens are concave aspherical surfaces of high order with a 10th-order term, the conic coefficient of the aspherical surface of high order on its side close to the first aspherical lens is [-56.36, -56.34], and the conic coefficient of the aspherical surface of high order on its side away from the first aspherical lens is [6, 8]; The second-order term coefficients of the two surfaces of the second aspherical lens are 0; the value range of the fourth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the sixth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the eighth-order term coefficient is ; the value range of the tenth-order term coefficient is .

8. The high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 6, characterized in that The ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [10, 20], the refractive index is [1.85, 2.05], and the optical Abbe number is [32.22, 32.42]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the first aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [0, 1], the refractive index is [1.78, 1.98], and the optical Abbe number is [40.75, 40.95]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the second aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [-2, 2], the refractive index is [1.82, 2.02], and the optical Abbe number is [17.9, 19.9]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [1, 2], the refractive index is [1, 3], and the optical Abbe number is [25.33, 25.53].

9. The high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 6, characterized in that The distance between the first spherical lens and the collimation array is [6.58 mm, 6.78 mm]; and / or The distance between the first aspherical lens and the first spherical lens is [0.1 mm, 0.3 mm]; and / or The distance between the second aspherical lens and the first aspherical lens is [0.4 mm, 0.6 mm]; and / or The distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is [2.54 mm, 2.74 mm].

10. The high-light energy efficiency addressable patterned smart headlamp based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 1, characterized in that The set angle is -30° to 30°; and / or The entrance pupil diameter of the smart headlamp is [3.5 mm, 4.5 mm], and the field of view angle is [45°, 55°].

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