H-plane horn antenna loaded with electric monopole

Abstract

The invention discloses an H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole, the antenna is provided with two layers of dielectric substrates, the lower layer of dielectric substrate comprises a substrate integrated waveguide and an H-plane horn antenna, and the upper layer of dielectric substrate comprises an electric monopole structure, a metal reflecting wall structure and two rows of metalized through hole guider structures. The loaded electric monopole structure and the two rows of metalized through hole guider structures can improve the end-fire radiation gain of the horn antenna, and the metal reflecting wall structure can improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna. Compared with the prior art, the antenna has the advantages that the profile is low, and the thickness of the antenna is 0.32 lambda 0; the working bandwidth is wide and is S11lt; the impedance bandwidth of-10 dB is 26 GHz to 35 GHz, and the corresponding relative bandwidth is 29%; the broadband millimeter wave antenna is high in gain, the maximum gain can reach 13.4 dBi, and meanwhile, the broadband millimeter wave antenna has a stable radiation pattern, so that the broadband millimeter wave antenna is suitable for a broadband millimeter wave communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of microwave and millimeter wave, and relates to an H-plane horn antenna, specifically to an H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole. Background Art

[0002] For most millimeter wave applications, high-gain antennas are required to compensate for the high atmospheric transmission loss of millimeter waves. The horn antenna integrated on the SIW platform is widely used in millimeter wave communication because of its simple planar structure and directional radiation beam. However, the gain of a single horn antenna is relatively low and cannot meet the requirements of millimeter wave communication. A more direct mechanism to enhance the gain of the substrate integrated waveguide H-plane horn antenna is to combine the horn antenna with other antenna elements. An existing method of combining the horn antenna with a magnetoelectric dipole antenna can improve the gain of the antenna, but the thickness of the antenna is relatively large. While improving the antenna gain, the size of the millimeter wave antenna is still not negligible. The method of reducing the volume occupied by the radiator is of great significance for millimeter wave applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Object of the Invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, based on the H-plane horn antenna loaded with a symmetric dipole, the present invention proposes an H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole, which improves the radiation gain of the antenna while reducing the thickness of the antenna by 1 / 3. The loaded electric monopole structure and metal via director can improve the radiation gain of the antenna at 26 GHz - 35 GHz. The loaded metal reflector wall can reduce the influence of the rear elements and improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna. The two metal vias loaded inside the horn antenna can improve the matching performance of the antenna, thereby enhancing the working bandwidth of the antenna.

[0004] Technical Solution: To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole, including a lower dielectric substrate and an upper dielectric substrate. The lower dielectric substrate includes a substrate integrated waveguide, an H-plane horn antenna, and two metal vias inside the horn antenna. The upper dielectric substrate includes a U-shaped metal reflector wall structure, an electric monopole structure, and two rows of metallized via director structures.

[0005] In the present invention, the monopole structure loaded above the horn aperture of the horn antenna and the two rows of metallized via directors in front of it can improve the end-fire radiation gain of the antenna. Loading a U-shaped metal reflector wall behind the electric monopole structure can reduce the influence of the rear elements of the antenna and improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna. Loading two metal vias inside the H-plane horn antenna can improve the matching performance of the antenna, thereby enhancing the antenna bandwidth.

[0006] Further, an H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole includes a first dielectric layer, a first metal layer, a second dielectric layer, and a second metal layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom.

[0007] Further, a H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole includes a first metal layer, a second dielectric layer, and a second metal layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and a metallized via hole penetrating the second dielectric layer.

[0008] Further, the two metallized via holes are located inside the H-plane horn antenna.

[0009] Further, the U-shaped metal reflector wall is composed of metallized via holes penetrating the first dielectric layer and distributed in a U-shape on the upper dielectric substrate.

[0010] Further, the electric monopole structure is composed of a row of metal via holes in front of the U-shaped metal reflector wall in the upper dielectric substrate and penetrating the first dielectric layer.

[0011] Further, the electric monopole structure is composed of 11 metallized via holes equally spaced along the x-axis.

[0012] Further, the metal via hole director is composed of two rows of metallized via holes penetrating the first dielectric layer in front of the electric monopole structure. The number of metallized via holes in the first row is 11, and the number of metallized via holes in the second row is 7. And the diameter of the metallized via holes in the director structure is smaller than the diameters of the metallized via holes of the U-shaped metal reflector wall and the electric monopole structure.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention loads an electric monopole onto a substrate integrated waveguide horn antenna. Compared with a horn antenna loaded with a magnetoelectric dipole, while improving the end-fire radiation gain, the thickness of the antenna is reduced by 1 / 3. The loaded reflector wall can reduce the influence of rear components and improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna; the two metallized via holes loaded inside the horn antenna can improve the impedance matching of the antenna, and thus enhance the bandwidth of the antenna; the loaded electric monopole and the two-row metal via hole director structure can improve the radiation gain of the antenna at 26 - 35 GHz. This antenna can provide a relatively high antenna radiation gain required for millimeter-wave communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is a side view structure diagram of the H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 is a top view structure diagram of the H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 is the simulated and tested S-parameters of the H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 The simulation and test gains of the H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 The E-plane simulation and test radiation patterns of the H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 The H-plane simulation and test radiation patterns of the H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0021] The present invention will be further clarified below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the present invention provides an H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole, which includes a lower dielectric substrate and an upper dielectric substrate. The lower dielectric substrate includes a substrate integrated waveguide, an H-plane horn antenna, and two metallized vias inside the horn antenna. The upper dielectric substrate includes an electric monopole structure, a U-shaped metal reflector wall structure, and two rows of metal via directors. The electric monopole structure is loaded above the horn antenna aperture, the metal reflector wall structure is loaded behind the electric monopole, and the two rows of metal directors are loaded in front of the electric monopole structure.

[0023] The substrate integrated waveguide and the H-plane horn antenna include a first metal layer 1, a second dielectric layer 2, and a second metal layer 3 stacked from top to bottom, and a metallized via 4 penetrating the second dielectric layer. The two metallized vias inside the horn antenna include a metallized via 5 and a metallized via 6 penetrating the second dielectric layer 2. This structure improves the impedance matching of the antenna by changing the electric field intensity inside the horn antenna.

[0024] The electric monopole structure includes 11 metallized vias 8 that are equally spaced horizontally along the x-axis above the H-plane horn antenna aperture and penetrate the first dielectric layer 7. According to electromagnetic theory, the horn antenna aperture can be equivalent to a magnetic current. Therefore, the combination of this electric monopole structure and the horn antenna aperture forms a magnetoelectric monopole structure, which can jointly generate end-fire radiation with the H-plane horn, thereby improving the antenna gain.

[0025] The metal reflector wall structure includes 26 equally spaced U-shaped metallized vias 9 that penetrate the first dielectric layer 7 behind the electric monopole structure. This metal reflector wall acts as a metal floor, which can reflect the energy radiated backward by the antenna, thereby reducing the influence of the components at the rear of the antenna and improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.

[0026] The metal via guide structure includes two rows of metallized vias 10 that penetrate through the first dielectric layer 7 at the front end of the electric monopole structure, which can improve the gain of the antenna by guiding the forward-radiated energy.

[0027] In the present invention, the right end of the antenna is a feeding port and can be connected to a feeder. The magnetoelectric monopole structure functions similar to a magnetoelectric dipole through the mirror image principle. Compared with a dipole, a monopole can improve the antenna gain, have a stable vertical polarization radiation pattern, and also reduce the profile thickness of the antenna. In actual use, the feeding of the antenna can be connected to a coaxial feeding connector via conversion structures such as substrate integrated waveguide to microstrip line, grounded coplanar waveguide, and metal waveguide.

[0028] The operating frequency of the loaded electric monopole H-plane horn antenna constructed in this embodiment is 26 - 35 GHz, but the size of this structure can be adjusted to apply to different frequencies.

[0029] To verify the effectiveness and actual effect of the above-mentioned solution of the present invention, in this embodiment, comparative analysis is carried out through simulation and actual measurement, as follows:

[0030] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Shown are the reflection coefficients and gains of the loaded electric monopole H-plane horn antenna in simulation and actual measurement. The simulation bandwidth and actual measurement bandwidth of the antenna with a reflection coefficient less than -10 dB are 29% (from 26 GHz to 35 GHz). Within this operating frequency band, the simulation gain of the antenna is 9.8 dBi to 13.4 dBi, and the actual measurement gain is 9.5 dBi to 11.7 dBi, with a stable gain.

[0031] Figure 6 and Figure 7 Shown are the simulation and actual measurement radiation patterns of the antenna in the E-plane and H-plane at the 31 GHz frequency point. It can be seen that the actual measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The cross polarization of the antenna is lower than -10 dB, and the front-to-back ratio is greater than 10 dB, indicating good radiation directivity of the antenna.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are equally within the scope of the patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loaded H-plane horn antenna with an electric monopole, characterized in that, It includes a lower dielectric substrate and an upper dielectric substrate. From top to bottom, there are a first dielectric layer, a first metal layer, a second dielectric layer, and a second metal layer. The lower dielectric substrate includes a substrate integrated waveguide, an H-plane horn antenna, and two metallized vias inside the horn antenna. The upper dielectric substrate includes a U-shaped metal reflector wall, an electric monopole array, and two rows of metal via director structures.

2. The H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to claim 1, wherein The substrate integrated waveguide and the H-plane horn antenna include the first metal layer, the second dielectric layer, and the second metal layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and two rows of metallized vias penetrating the second dielectric layer.

3. The H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two metallized vias penetrating the second dielectric layer are loaded inside the H-plane horn antenna.

4. A H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to claim 1, characterized in that The U-shaped metal reflector wall is composed of metallized vias penetrating the first dielectric layer and distributed in a U-shape on the upper dielectric substrate, and the metallized vias are equally spaced.

5. A H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric monopole structure is composed of 11 equally spaced horizontally distributed metallized vias penetrating the first dielectric layer in a row in front of the U-shaped reflector wall. The electric monopole structure and the aperture of the H-plane horn antenna form a magnetoelectric monopole structure.

6. The H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal via director is composed of two rows of metallized vias penetrating the first dielectric layer in front of the electric monopole structure. The number of metallized vias in the first row is 11, and the number of metallized vias in the second row is 7. The diameter of the metallized vias of the director structure is smaller than the diameters of the metallized vias of the U-shaped metal reflector wall and the electric monopole structure.

7. A H-plane horn antenna loaded with an electric monopole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom extends 2 mm more in the radiation direction than the second dielectric layer, and the second metal layer extends 5 mm more in the radiation direction than the first metal layer.

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