Multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on layered codebook

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook, which is applied to a communication-sensing integrated system, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, the method combines and applies a layered codebook technology and a multi-beam synchronous scanning technology, combines the advantages of the two technologies, has the quick searching and positioning effects of the layered codebook technology, and also has the multi-beam synchronous scanning effect of the layered codebook technology. And communication and sensing can be realized at the same time, so that the search speed can be further improved, the scanning cost is reduced, and the system overhead is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and particularly to a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook applied in a communication and sensing integrated system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, with the continuous evolution of 5G technologies, 6G networks will face higher frequency bands (such as millimeter wave and terahertz bands), larger bandwidths, and more complex application scenario requirements. To simultaneously meet the requirements of communication and sensing, communication and sensing integrated (ISAC) technologies are developing rapidly. Communication and sensing integrated technology is one of the important development directions of 6G networks, aiming to achieve efficient resource utilization and significant improvement in system performance through the integration of communication and sensing functions. Traditional communication and sensing systems usually exist independently, responsible for information transmission and environmental sensing respectively. Such an architecture has many limitations in terms of resource utilization efficiency and system complexity.

[0003] In recent years' integrated communication and sensing millimeter wave large-scale MIMO systems, there are methods using multi-beam synchronous scanning technology to improve efficiency, and there are also methods using hierarchical codebook technology to improve the search speed. Existing communication and sensing integrated technologies either only adopt multi-beam technology to simultaneously achieve communication and sensing, but will incur a large scanning cost. Or only adopt hierarchical codebook technology to replace the exhaustive search method to reduce costs, but cannot achieve simultaneous communication and sensing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook. In this method, the hierarchical codebook technology and the multi-beam synchronous scanning technology are combined, combining the advantages of these two technologies. It not only has the fast search and positioning effect of the hierarchical codebook technology, but also can simultaneously achieve communication and sensing, which can further improve the search speed, reduce the scanning cost, and save system overhead; it is of great significance for promoting the development of future wireless communication technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook, and the method mainly includes the following steps:

[0007] 1. Set basic parameters such as the number of transmit and receive antennas, the size of the transmit and receive beamforming vector codebooks, and the angle sampling step according to the hardware conditions of the communication base station. Generate a transmit codebook and a receive codebook; then, according to the comprehensive requirements for accuracy, training cost, and time, determine the number of sub-codebooks to be generated and generate several sub-codebooks for hierarchical codebook scanning. In the sub-codebook, according to the number of activated antennas and the angle sampling step, there are different resolutions for angles and corresponding codeword indices.

[0008] 2. Enter the main loop, and the number of times of the main loop is the number of sub-codebooks; in the main loop, according to the predefined first-layer sub-codebook, use the multi-beam technology to simultaneously generate corresponding transmit training beams and receive training beams in the specified area.

[0009] 3. Calculate the power received by the communication user equipment and fed back, as well as the echo power on the ISAC (Integrated Sensing and Communication) receiver. The power fed back by the communication user can be obtained by taking the absolute value square of the output after matched filtering at the UE, as shown in the following formula (1). The echo power on the ISAC can also be obtained by taking the absolute value square of the output after matched filtering by the ISAC receiver, as shown in the following formula (2):

[0010]

[0011]

[0012] In the formula, represents the power received by the communication user equipment and fed back; represents the output after the received signal at the communication UE (User Equipment) passes through matched filtering (MF), and is used to measure the signal power received during a specific training interval The received signal power. It is not a power itself, but the square of its modulus length is used to approximately represent the power received at ; represents the number of symbol durations included in each training interval; represents the training power; represents the number of transmit antennas; represents the number of receive antennas; represents the channel coefficient; represents the transmit training beam; represents the echo power on the ISAC receiver; represents the output after the received echo signal at the receiver passes through receive beamforming and matched filtering. It reflects the signal strength of the echo reflected from the target in the sensing link; and is similar. It is not a power itself, but the square of its modulus length is used to approximately represent the power of the echo received at the base station; represents the radar channel coefficient; the superscript represents the Hermitian transpose; represents the received training beam after Hermitian transpose; and represent the channels of the transmit and receive beams respectively; represents the beam angle.

[0013] The larger it is, the more it indicates that is more matched with the transmit channel . The larger it is, the more it indicates that and are better matched with the receive channel. In each layer of the sub-codebook, at least two transmit training beams and the corresponding receive beams are generated. Through the above formulas (1) and (2), these transmit training beams are calculated and the codeword indices that better match the transmit channel and the receive channel in the codebook are selected respectively. Through this codeword index and the codebook, it can be determined which part of the codewords in the codebook are more suitable for communication and which part are more suitable for sensing.

[0014] Furthermore, by selecting the codeword index corresponding to the maximum of these two power parameters, the codewords covered by these two codewords are selected in the next layer of the codebook. And through the codeword index, the codewords corresponding to communication and sensing are respectively selected in the next layer of the codebook, so as to form a new next layer of the codebook. Repeat the main loop, and finally obtain two codeword indices for communication and sensing.

[0015] 4. Determine the ranges where the communication target and the sensing target are located. Through the codeword index, design two corresponding transmit beamforming vectors, and design the corresponding receive beamforming vector according to the transmit beamforming vector pointing to the sensing target. Then, allocate the number of antennas on the base station according to the preset value, so as to form the corresponding beam.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory. The memory stores machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the machine-executable instructions to implement a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook as described above.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook, which has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In the method of the present invention, the hierarchical codebook technology and the multi-beam synchronous scanning technology are combined, which combines the advantages of these two technologies. It not only has the fast search and positioning effect of the hierarchical codebook technology, but also can achieve communication and sensing simultaneously, which can further improve the search speed, reduce the scanning cost, and save the system overhead.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and, in part, will be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the written specification and the drawings.

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that in some processes described in the specification and drawings of the present application, there are multiple operations that appear in a specific order. However, it should be clearly understood that these operations may not be executed in the order in which they appear herein or may be executed in parallel. In addition, various serial numbers, etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook. When in use, in the integrated communication and sensing system in a base station, this solution is used to replace the traditional beam training method of traversing and searching, or to replace the beam training method that only uses a hierarchical codebook and only uses dual-beam forming. It can achieve the effects of improving efficiency and reducing costs. The specific process of this method is as Figure 1 shown, where:

[0029] Step 1: Set basic parameters such as the number of transmitting antennas, the number of receiving antennas, and the size of the transmitting / receiving codebook according to the hardware conditions such as the number of antennas in the base station.

[0030] Step 2: Then, according to the comprehensive requirements for accuracy, training cost, time, etc., determine the number of generated sub-codebooks and generate sub-codebooks. In the sub-codebooks, according to the number of activated antennas and the angle sampling step size, there are different resolutions for angles and corresponding codeword indexes.

[0031] After that, step 3 is to enter the main loop, and the number of loops is the number of sub-codebooks.

[0032] Steps 4-6 illustrate the process in one loop. Specifically, according to the sub-codebook and multi-beam technology, corresponding transmitting and receiving training beams are generated simultaneously. After obtaining the transmitting and receiving beams, the power received at the user equipment and the echo power obtained on the ISAC node receiver can be calculated. The calculation formulas are respectively:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, represents the power received and fed back by the communication user equipment; represents the output after the received signal at the communication UE (User Equipment) passes through matched filtering (MF), and is used to measure the signal power received in a specific training interval of the communication link. It itself is not power, but the square of its modulus length is used to approximately represent the power received at ; represents the number of symbol durations included in each training interval; represents the training power; Represents the number of transmit antennas; Represents the number of receive antennas; Represents the channel coefficient; Represents the transmit training beam; Represents the echo power on the ISAC receiver; Represents the output after the received echo signal is subjected to receive beamforming and matched filtering at the receiver. It reflects the signal strength of the echo reflected from the target in the sensing link; and Similarly, it is not a power itself, but the square of its modulus length is used to approximately represent the power of the echo received at the base station; Represents the radar channel coefficient; superscript Represents performing Hermitian transpose; Represents the received training beam after Hermitian transpose; and Represent the channels of the transmit and receive beams respectively; Represents the beam angle.

[0036] By solving the maximum values of these two powers, the ranges of the communication and sensing targets and the corresponding codeword indices can be obtained. Then, based on the obtained ranges, the corresponding codewords are found in the next-layer codebook, and these codewords are used to form a new next-layer codebook to replace the original codebook.

[0037] Steps 7 and 8 are to generate the solved transmit and receive beamforming vectors. First, through the codeword indices obtained in the last time, this design respectively corresponds to the transmit beamforming vectors for sensing and communication. Then, according to the preset number of transmit and receive antennas, the corresponding codewords are assigned to the corresponding antennas to generate the corresponding beams. Then, based on the transmit beamforming vector of the receive antennas, the corresponding receive beamforming vector is calculated. In this way, radar targets can be sensed while communicating with users.

[0038] From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can know that: The present invention provides a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook. This method simultaneously uses multi-beam synchronous scanning technology and hierarchical codebook technology, having both the fast search and positioning effect of the hierarchical codebook technology and being able to simultaneously achieve communication and sensing; compared with the traditional traversal search method, it can significantly improve the search speed and reduce the search cost. Compared with the existing technologies that only use hierarchical codebooks or only use dual-beam forming, the efficiency can be improved.

[0039] Further, as shown in Figure 2 The embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device that can execute the above method. This electronic device may include a processor 10, a memory 11, a communication bus 12, and a communication interface 13, and may also include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and executable on the processor 10.

[0040] Among them, in some embodiments, the processor 10 may be composed of an integrated circuit. For example, it may be composed of a single packaged integrated circuit, or may be composed of multiple packaged integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including a combination of one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and various control chips. The processor 10 is the control core (Control Unit) of the electronic device, connecting various components of the entire electronic device through various interfaces and circuits, and by running or executing programs or modules stored in the memory 11, and calling data stored in the memory 11, to execute various functions of the electronic device and process data.

[0041] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, electronic devices, or computer program products, etc. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely software embodiment, a completely hardware embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.

[0042] It should be noted that the word "comprising" does not exclude the existence of components or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding a component does not exclude the existence of a plurality of such components. The present invention can be implemented by means of hardware including several different components and by means of a suitably programmed computer.

[0043] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook, characterized in that This method is applied in a communication-perception integrated system and includes the following steps: Set basic parameters according to the hardware conditions of the communication base station, generate a transmit codebook and a receive codebook; and generate several sub-codebooks according to preset requirements for hierarchical codebook scanning; Enter the main loop. According to the predefined first-layer sub-codebook, use the multi-beam technology to generate corresponding transmit training beams and receive training beams in the specified area respectively; Calculate the power of the feedback received by the communication user equipment and the echo power on the integrated communication and sensing receiver, and select the codeword indexes in the codebook that meet the transmit channel and receive channel; Select the codewords that meet the range conditions in the next-layer sub-codebook through the selected codeword indexes to form a new sub-codebook, repeat the main loop, and finally obtain the codeword indexes for communication and sensing; Through the finally obtained codeword indexes, design two transmit beamforming vectors corresponding to communication and sensing respectively; and design the corresponding receive beamforming vector according to the transmit beamforming vector pointing to the sensing target; then allocate the number of antennas on the base station to form the corresponding beams.

2. The multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook according to claim 1, wherein According to the hardware conditions of the communication base station, the set basic parameters include: the number of transmit antennas, the number of receive antennas, the size of the transmit codebook, the size of the receive codebook, and the angle sampling step.

3. A multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook according to claim 2, characterized in that According to the comprehensive requirements for accuracy, training cost, and time, determine the number of sub-codebooks to be generated and generate sub-codebooks. The sub-codebooks have different resolutions for angles and corresponding codeword indexes according to the number of activated antennas and the angle sampling step.

4. A multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the power of the feedback received by the communication user equipment and the echo power on the integrated communication and sensing receiver. The calculation formulas are respectively: ； ； Wherein, represents the power received by the communication user equipment for feedback; represents the output after the received signal at the user equipment passes through matched filtering; represents the training interval; represents the number of symbol durations included in each training interval; represents the training power; represents the number of transmit antennas; represents the number of receive antennas; represents the channel coefficient; represents the transmit training beam; represents the echo power on the receiver; represents the output after the received echo signal at the receiver passes through receive beamforming and matched filtering; represents the radar channel coefficient; represents the received training beam after Hermitian transpose; superscript represents Hermitian transpose; and respectively represent the channels of the transmit and receive beams; represents the beam angle.

5. A multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of times of the main loop is the number of sub-codebooks.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor. The processor executes the machine-executable instructions to implement a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a hierarchical codebook as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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