A multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on layered codebook

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook for use in an integrated synaesthesia system, belonging to the field of wireless communication technology. The method combines the layered codebook technology and the multi-beam synchronous scanning technology, combining the advantages of the two technologies. It not only has the rapid search and positioning effect of the layered codebook technology, but also can realize communication and sensing at the same time, which can further improve the search speed, reduce the scanning cost, and save system overhead.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular to a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook applied in a synaesthesia integration system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous evolution of 5G technology, 6G networks will face demands for higher frequency bands (such as millimeter wave and terahertz bands), greater bandwidth, and more complex application scenarios. To meet the needs of both communication and sensor perception, integrated communication and perception (ISAC) technology is rapidly developing. This technology is a key development direction for 6G networks, aiming to achieve efficient resource utilization and significantly improve system performance by integrating communication and perception functions. Traditional communication and perception systems typically exist independently, responsible for information transmission and environmental perception, respectively. This architecture has many limitations in terms of resource efficiency and system complexity.

[0003] In recent years, integrated millimeter-wave massive MIMO systems have employed methods such as multi-beam synchronous scanning to improve efficiency and hierarchical codebooks to increase search speed. Existing integrated sensing technologies either rely solely on multi-beam technology to achieve both communication and sensing, but incur significant scanning costs. Alternatively, they employ hierarchical codebooks instead of ergodic search to reduce costs, but fail to achieve simultaneous communication and sensing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook. The method combines the advantages of the layered codebook technology and the multi-beam synchronous scanning technology. It not only has the fast search and positioning effect of the layered codebook technology, but also can realize communication and sensing at the same time, which can further improve the search speed, reduce the scanning cost, and save system overhead. It is of great significance for promoting the development of future wireless communication technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook, the method mainly comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1. Based on the hardware requirements of the communication base station, set basic parameters such as the number of transmit and receive antennas, transmit and receive beamforming vector codebook sizes, and angular sampling step size. Generate the transmit and receive codebooks. Then, based on the overall requirements for accuracy, training cost, and time, determine the number of sub-codebooks to be generated and generate several sub-codebooks for hierarchical codebook scanning. Each sub-codebook has different angular resolutions and corresponding codeword indices, depending on the number of activated antennas and the angular sampling step size.

[0008] 2. Enter the main loop, which is repeated as many times as the number of subcodebooks. In the main loop, based on the predefined first-layer subcodebook, multi-beam technology is used to simultaneously generate corresponding transmit training beams and receive training beams in the specified area.

[0009] 3. Calculate the power of the feedback received by the communication user equipment and the echo power at the ISAC (Integrated Communication and Sensing) receiver. The power of the communication user feedback can be obtained by the square of the absolute value of the output after the matched filter at the UE, as shown in the following formula (1). The echo power at the ISAC can also be obtained by the square of the absolute value of the output after the matched filter at the ISAC receiver, as shown in the following formula (2):

[0010]

[0011]

[0012] Where, Indicates the power of the communication user equipment receiving feedback; Represents the output of the received signal at the communication UE (User Equipment) after matched filtering (MF), which is used to measure the specific training interval in the communication link It is not power itself, but its squared modulus is used to approximate the power of the received signal. The power received at Indicates the number of symbol durations contained in each training interval; Indicates training power; Indicates the number of transmitting antennas; Indicates the number of receiving antennas; represents the channel coefficient; Indicates the transmission of training beam; Indicates the echo power at the ISAC receiver; Represents the output of the received echo signal after receiving beamforming and matched filtering at the receiver. It reflects the signal strength of the echo reflected from the target in the sensing link; and Similarly, it is not power itself, but its squared modulus is used to approximate the power of the echo received at the base station; represents the radar channel coefficient; superscript Indicates Hermitian transposition; represents the received training beam after Hermitian transposition; and represent the channels of the transmit and receive beams respectively; Indicates the beam angle.

[0013] The bigger, the The more closely matched the transmit channel . The bigger, the and Better match with the receiving channel. In each sub-codebook layer, at least two transmit training beams and corresponding receive beams are generated. Using formulas (1) and (2), these transmit training beams are calculated and the codeword indexes that better match the transmit and receive channels are selected from the codebook. Using these codeword indices and the codebook, it is possible to determine which codewords in the codebook are more suitable for communication and which are more suitable for sensing.

[0014] Furthermore, by selecting the codeword index corresponding to the maximum power parameters, the codewords covered by these two codewords are selected in the next-level codebook. Furthermore, based on the codeword index, the codewords corresponding to communication and sensing are selected in the next-level codebook, respectively, to form a new next-level codebook. The main loop is repeated to finally obtain the codeword indexes for communication and sensing.

[0015] 4. Determine the range of the communication target and the sensing target. Using the codeword index, design the corresponding two transmit beamforming vectors. Based on the designed transmit beamforming vector pointing toward the sensing target, design the corresponding receive beamforming vector. Then, allocate the number of antennas at the base station according to the preset value to form the corresponding beam.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the machine-executable instructions to implement the above-mentioned multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook, which has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The method of the present invention combines the advantages of layered codebook technology and multi-beam synchronous scanning technology, combining the advantages of these two technologies. It not only has the fast search and positioning effect of layered codebook technology, but also can realize communication and sensing at the same time, which can further improve the search speed, reduce the scanning cost, and save system overhead.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook is provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0026] In describing the present invention, it should be noted that some processes described in this specification and accompanying drawings include multiple operations that appear in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations may be performed in a different order than the order in which they appear, or may be performed in parallel. Furthermore, the use of various sequence numbers is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook. When used, this solution is used in the synaesthesia integrated system in the base station to replace the traditional traversal search method beam training method, or to replace the beam training method using only a layered codebook or only dual beamforming. Both can improve efficiency and reduce costs. The specific process of this method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, where:

[0029] Step 1: According to the hardware conditions such as the number of antennas of the base station, set the basic parameters such as the number of transmitting antennas, the number of receiving antennas, and the size of the transmitting / receiving codebook.

[0030] In step 2, the number of sub-codebooks to be generated is determined based on the comprehensive requirements of accuracy, training cost, and time, and the sub-codebooks are generated. The sub-codebooks have different angle resolutions and corresponding codeword indices according to the number of activated antennas and the angle sampling step size.

[0031] Then step 3 is to enter the main loop, and the number of loops is the number of sub-codebooks.

[0032] Steps 4-6 illustrate the process within a single loop. Specifically, based on the subcodebook and multi-beam technology, corresponding transmit and receive training beams are generated simultaneously. Once the transmit and receive beams are obtained, the received power at the user device and the echo power at the ISAC node receiver can be calculated. The calculation formulas are:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Where, Indicates the power of the communication user equipment receiving feedback; Represents the output of the received signal at the communication UE (User Equipment) after matched filtering (MF), which is used to measure the specific training interval in the communication link It is not power itself, but its squared modulus is used to approximate the power of the received signal. The power received at Indicates the number of symbol durations contained in each training interval; Indicates training power; Indicates the number of transmitting antennas; Indicates the number of receiving antennas; represents the channel coefficient; Indicates the transmission of training beam; Indicates the echo power at the ISAC receiver; Represents the output of the received echo signal after receiving beamforming and matched filtering at the receiver. It reflects the signal strength of the echo reflected from the target in the sensing link; and Similarly, it is not power itself, but its squared modulus is used to approximate the power of the echo received at the base station; represents the radar channel coefficient; superscript Indicates Hermitian transposition; represents the received training beam after Hermitian transposition; and represent the channels of the transmit and receive beams respectively; Indicates the beam angle.

[0036] By finding the maximum of these two powers, we can obtain the range of the communication and sensing targets and the corresponding codeword index. Then, based on the obtained range, we find the corresponding codeword in the next layer of the codebook and use these codewords to form a new next layer codebook to replace the original codebook.

[0037] Steps 7 and 8 generate the solved transmit and receive beamforming vectors. Using the codeword index obtained in the last step, the corresponding transmit beamforming vectors for sensing and communication are designed. Then, based on the preset number of transmit and receive antennas, the corresponding codewords are assigned to the corresponding antennas to generate the corresponding beams. Based on the transmit beamforming vectors of the receive antennas, the corresponding receive beamforming vectors are calculated. This allows for simultaneous sensing of radar targets while communicating with users.

[0038] From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention provides a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook. This method utilizes both multi-beam synchronous scanning and layered codebook technologies, achieving the rapid search and positioning benefits of the layered codebook while also enabling simultaneous communication and sensing. Compared to traditional traversal search methods, this method significantly improves search speed and reduces search costs. Compared to existing technologies that use only a layered codebook or only dual-beamforming, this method also offers improved efficiency.

[0039] Further, refer to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device that can execute the above method. The electronic device may include a processor 10, a memory 11, a communication bus 12 and a communication interface 13, and may also include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and run on the processor 10.

[0040] In some embodiments, the processor 10 may be composed of an integrated circuit, such as a single packaged integrated circuit, or a plurality of packaged integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and a combination of various control chips. The processor 10 is the control core (Control Unit) of the electronic device, connecting the various components of the entire electronic device using various interfaces and circuits, and executing or executing programs or modules stored in the memory 11 and calling data stored in the memory 11 to perform various functions of the electronic device and process data.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, electronic devices, or computer program products, etc. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of an entirely software embodiment, an entirely hardware embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.

[0042] It should be noted that the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer.

[0043] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook, characterized in that: The method is applied in a synaesthesia integration system and includes the following steps: According to the hardware conditions of the communication base station, basic parameters are set to generate the transmit codebook and receive codebook; and according to the preset requirements, several sub-codebooks are generated for hierarchical codebook scanning; Entering the main loop, based on the predefined first-layer sub-codebook, multi-beam technology is used to generate corresponding transmit training beams and receive training beams in the specified area; Calculate the power of feedback received at the communication user equipment and the echo power at the integrated communication and sensing receiver, and select the codeword index in the codebook that matches the transmit channel and the receive channel; The codeword index is used to select the codeword that meets the range condition in the next layer of sub-codebook to form a new sub-codebook, and the main loop is repeated to finally obtain the codeword index for communication and sensing; Using the resulting codeword index, two transmit beamforming vectors are designed for communication and sensing, respectively. A corresponding receive beamforming vector is designed based on the transmit beamforming vector pointing toward the sensing target. The number of antennas at the base station is then allocated to form the corresponding beams. According to the hardware conditions of the communication base station, the basic parameters to be set include: the number of transmitting antennas, the number of receiving antennas, the transmit codebook size, the receive codebook size, and the angle sampling step size; Based on the comprehensive requirements of accuracy, training cost, and time, the number of sub-codebooks to be generated is determined and the sub-codebooks are generated. The sub-codebooks have different angle resolutions and corresponding codeword indices based on the number of activated antennas and the angle sampling step size; The number of main loops is the number of sub-codebooks.

2. The multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculate the power of feedback received by the communication user equipment and the echo power on the integrated communication and sensing receiver. The calculation formulas are: Where, P c [t] represents the power of the communication user equipment receiving feedback; represents the output of the received signal at the user equipment after matched filtering; t represents the training interval; L represents the number of symbol durations contained in each training interval; P tr Indicates training power; M T Indicates the number of transmitting antennas; M R represents the number of receiving antennas; h represents the channel coefficient; f[t] represents the transmitted training beam; P r [t] represents the echo power at the receiver; It represents the output of the received echo signal after receiving beamforming and matched filtering at the receiver; β r represents the radar channel coefficient; w H [t] represents the received training beam after Hermitian transposition; the superscript H represents the Hermitian transposition; a(M T ,θ) and a(M R ,θ) represent the channels of the transmit and receive beams respectively; θ represents the antenna angle.

3. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores machine executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the machine executable instructions to implement a multi-beam synchronous scanning method based on a layered codebook as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

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