Ice concrete material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an ice-concrete material and a preparation method thereof. The ice-concrete material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100-300 parts of an ice-based composite cementing material, 0-800 parts of fine aggregate, 800-1300 parts of coarse aggregate, a fiber reinforced material which accounts for 5-20% of the volume mixing amount of ice-concrete, a solution modifier which accounts for 1-30% of the volume mixing amount of the ice-based composite cementing material, and 0-300 parts of soluble mineral pigment. According to the invention, the water solution is used as a cementing material to replace cement in traditional cement concrete, the water solution is condensed into ice in an internal or external cooling form, and finally, the high-strength ice concrete material is prepared. Compared with the prior art, the concrete can be used for replacing a traditional concrete material, is used for building a building structure, landscape facilities, airport runway construction and the like in a normal-temperature or low-temperature environment, and has the advantages of being low in environmental condition requirement, rapid to construct, easy to dismantle and recycle, capable of being repeatedly used, attractive and diversified in structural form, ecological, environmentally friendly, free of pollution and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building structure construction under special environments, and in particular to an ice concrete material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous change of global climate patterns, extremely cold regions are facing severe climatic conditions, such as plateau glacier areas, northern high latitudes, Antarctica and the Arctic. Not only is the temperature in this region extremely low, but it is also often accompanied by long-term ice and snow cover, strong temperature differences and extreme weather events, which puts extremely high demands on the design of building structures, the selection of construction materials and construction technology. In extremely low temperature environments, traditional construction methods using cement-based cementitious materials as building materials usually face many challenges, such as slow solidification of materials, hindered strength development, poor freeze-thaw resistance, extended and difficult construction period, and poor structural stability and durability, which seriously restrict the construction efficiency and service life of building structures under low temperatures. At the same time, the problem of waste disposal generated by traditional concrete materials during demolition and recycling is more prominent in low temperature environments, exacerbating its burden on the environment. Therefore, exploring and developing new building materials and construction technologies that can adapt to low temperature environments has become a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the current field of extreme environment construction.

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem that needs to be solved urgently is: how to prepare new ice concrete materials to provide innovative solutions for the construction of building structures in low-temperature environments and achieve rapid solidification and structural strength development in low-temperature environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide an ice concrete material and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The present invention provides an ice concrete material having the following characteristics: 100 to 300 parts of ice-based composite cementitious material, 0 to 800 parts of fine aggregate, 800 to 1300 parts of coarse aggregate, 5% to 20% of the volume of the ice concrete by fiber reinforcement material, and 1% to 30% of the volume of the ice-based composite cementitious material by solution modifier.

[0006] The ice concrete material provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: the ice-based composite cementitious material is one or more of fresh water, sea water and a composite solution of artificially prepared components, and the components of the composite solution include one or more of NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, K2SO4, Na2CO3, NaHCO3 and Na2SO4, with a concentration of 1% to 20wt%.

[0007] In the ice-concrete material provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, the fine aggregate is zero, one or several of natural river sand, sea sand, desert sand, and artificial sand, with a particle size range of 0 to 4.75 mm and a fineness modulus of 1.6 to 3.7. The coarse aggregate is one or several of natural gravel, pebble, or artificial gravel, with a particle size range of 4.75 to 31.5 mm.

[0008] In the ice-concrete material provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, the fiber reinforcement material is one or several of cellulose fiber, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, and steel fiber. The fiber shape of the fiber reinforcement material is one or several of linear, two-dimensional planar, and three-dimensional. The fiber length is 0.5 to 30 mm, and the fiber diameter is 0.2 to 2 mm.

[0009] In the ice-concrete material provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, the solution modifier is one or several of ethylene glycol, sodium gluconate, sucrose, oxalic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, antifreeze polypeptide, and antifreeze glycopeptide, with a molar concentration of 1 to 20 mol / L.

[0010] In the ice-concrete material provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: among them, it further includes 0 to 300 parts of soluble mineral pigments. The soluble mineral pigments are one of solid powder or liquid iron oxide, magnetite, manganese dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, titanium dioxide, titanium trioxide, cadmium sulfide, realgar, orpiment, hydrated iron oxide, tin disulfide, chromium trioxide, basic copper carbonate, cobalt stannate, calcium copper silicate, barium copper silicate, barium manganate, ferrous ferrocyanide, sodium polysulfide aluminosilicate, ammonium manganese phosphate, and cobalt phosphonate. Red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, indigo, violet, white, and black are achieved by adjusting the components of the soluble mineral pigments.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing an ice concrete material, which has the following characteristics. Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1, select a construction area and clean it up, and build a mold. Hollow condensation pipes for reducing and maintaining temperature are laid inside the mold; S2, weigh relevant raw materials according to the mix ratio of the ice concrete material, prepare an ice-based composite cementitious material in advance, and compound a solution modifier with the ice-based composite cementitious material to obtain a mixed solution; S3, fill fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and fiber reinforcement material into the mold; S4, pour the compounded mixed solution into the mold so that it fully contacts the coarse and fine aggregates and fills the internal voids; S5, stop pouring the ice concrete when the mixed solution is flush with the surface of the mold and starts to overflow; S6, freeze the mixed solution by reducing the external environmental temperature or introducing a cooling medium into the hollow condensation pipes inside the ice concrete to form an ice concrete structure with a certain strength, and then construct it into a building or airport runway structure; S7, after the construction of the building or airport runway structure is completed, continuously introduce a cooling medium into the hollow condensation pipes inside the ice concrete from the outside to achieve long-term freezing and hardening of the ice concrete structure without melting.

[0012] In the method for preparing an ice concrete material provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: Among them, the mold is a large integral formwork or a small mold. The large integral formwork is suitable for the overall frame structure of a building or airport runway as the construction main body, and is constructed by integral pouring to obtain the building or airport runway structure. The small mold is suitable for the construction main body of an assembled structure, and is pre-cast into small ice concrete brick structures, and several of the ice brick structures are transported to the site and assembled to obtain the building or airport runway structure.

[0013] In the method for preparing an ice concrete material provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: Among them, the ice concrete material includes transparent ice concrete material and colored ice concrete material. The raw materials of the transparent ice concrete material do not contain the soluble mineral pigment, and the raw materials of the colored ice concrete material contain the soluble mineral pigment.

[0014] In the method for preparing an ice concrete material provided by the present invention, it may also have the following characteristics: Among them, in step S3, the filling methods of the fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and fiber reinforcement material when filling into the mold include the mixing method and the layer paving method. The steps of the mixing method are: mix the fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and fiber reinforcement material evenly and fill them into the mold evenly. The steps of the layer paving method are: mix the fine aggregate and the coarse aggregate evenly to form coarse and fine aggregates, and layer by layer in the order of one layer of coarse and fine aggregates and one layer of fiber reinforcement material inside the mold.

[0015] Functions and effects of the invention

[0016] According to a kind of ice concrete material and its preparation method involved in the present invention, in the present invention, the ice concrete uses an aqueous solution as a gelling material and aggregates as a framework structure strengthening material, and through a unique preparation process and cooling technology, rapid setting and structural strength development under low-temperature environments are achieved. Compared with traditional concrete, the ice concrete in the present invention not only significantly improves the construction speed and efficiency, but also exhibits good low-temperature resistance and stability, ensuring the long-term safety of the structure. More importantly, the ice concrete material has significant advantages in terms of environmental protection. Its raw materials are extensive, the preparation is simple, the energy consumption is low, reducing the production cost and environmental load. At the same time, the material is easy to demolish and recycle, and can be reused, promoting the recycling of resources and sustainable development. These characteristics make the ice concrete show important application value and practical significance in the construction of building structures under low-temperature environments, providing strong support for dealing with low-temperature building challenges and promoting the development of green buildings, and showing broad application prospects. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects realized by the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments specifically elaborate on the ice concrete material and its preparation method of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1

[0019] Table 1

[0020]

[0021] As shown in Table 1, it is the mix proportion of the raw materials of the ice concrete in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the preparation method of the ice concrete material specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] S1, Select the construction area and clean it up, build a small mold, and hollow condensation pipes for reducing and maintaining temperature can be laid inside the mold.

[0023] S2, According to the mix proportion of the ice concrete materials shown in Table 1, weigh the relevant raw materials, prepare the ice-based composite gelling material in advance, and the proportion of the ice-based composite gelling material is fresh water: NaCl: KCl: MgCl2: K2SO4 = 90%: 5%: 2%: 1.5%: 1.5%, and compound sodium gluconate with the ice-based composite gelling material to obtain a mixed solution.

[0024] S3, Mix the natural crushed stones and polypropylene fibers evenly, and evenly fill them into the small mold.

[0025] S4, Pour the compounded mixed solution into the small mold, so that it fully contacts the natural crushed stones and fills the internal voids.

[0026] S5, When the mixed solution is flush with the surface of the small mold and starts to overflow, stop pouring the ice concrete.

[0027] S6. Achieve the freezing of the mixed solution by reducing the external environmental temperature and form an ice concrete brick structure with a certain strength.

[0028] S7. Transport the ice concrete bricks to the construction site in extremely cold regions and conduct on-site assembly. After the construction of the ice concrete building is completed, continuously introduce a cooling medium into the internal hollow condensation pipes of the ice concrete from the outside to achieve the long-term freezing and hardening without melting of the overall building structure of the ice concrete.

[0029] Strength formation mechanism of ice concrete: In the present invention, an aqueous solution is used as a gelling material to replace the cement in traditional cement concrete. The rapid condensation of the aqueous solution into ice is achieved through internal or external cooling. At the same time, it forms an integral structure with a certain strength with materials such as aggregates and fibers, and finally prepares an ice concrete material.

[0030] An ice concrete material prepared according to Example 1. The performance test after its condensation and hardening shows that the compressive strength of this concrete is 20.5 MPa, the tensile strength is 1.9 MPa, and the color of the ice concrete is green.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] Table 2

[0033]

[0034] As shown in Table 2, it is the mix ratio of the raw materials of the ice concrete in this example. In this example, the preparation method of the ice concrete material specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. Select the construction area and clean it up, and build a large integral formwork. Hollow condensation pipes for reducing and maintaining the temperature are laid inside the large integral formwork.

[0036] S2. According to the mix ratio of the ice concrete materials shown in Table 2, weigh the relevant raw materials, and prepare the ice-based composite gelling material in advance. The ratio of the ice-based composite gelling material is seawater: NaHCO3: Na2SO4 = 95%: 3%: 2%. And compound the polyvinyl alcohol with the ice-based composite gelling material to obtain a mixed solution.

[0037] S3. Mix the sea sand, pebbles and cellulose fibers evenly and fill them evenly inside the large integral formwork.

[0038] S4. Pour the compounded mixed solution into the large integral formwork so that it can fully contact with the sea sand and pebbles and fill the internal voids.

[0039] S5. When the mixed solution is flush with the surface of the large integral formwork and starts to overflow, stop pouring the ice concrete.

[0040] S6. The freezing of the mixed solution is achieved by reducing the external environmental temperature, and an ice-concrete airport runway structure with a certain strength is formed.

[0041] S7. After the construction of the ice-concrete airport runway is completed, the long-term freezing and hardening without melting of the overall ice-concrete airport runway structure are achieved by relying on the extremely low temperature environment in the polar region or continuously introducing a cooling medium into the hollow condensation pipes inside the ice-concrete.

[0042] An ice-concrete material prepared according to Example 2. The performance test after its condensation and hardening shows that the compressive strength of this concrete is 31.5 MPa, the tensile strength is 2.8 MPa, and the color of the ice-concrete is transparent.

[0043] Functions and effects of the embodiments

[0044] Regarding an ice-concrete material and its preparation method involved in the present invention, in the present invention, an aqueous solution is used as the gelling material for the ice-concrete, and aggregates are used as the frame structure strengthening material. Through unique preparation processes and cooling techniques, rapid condensation and structural strength development in a low-temperature environment are achieved. Compared with traditional concrete, the ice-concrete in the present invention not only significantly improves the construction speed and efficiency but also exhibits good low-temperature resistance and stability, ensuring the long-term safety of the structure. More importantly, the ice-concrete material has significant advantages in terms of environmental protection. Its raw materials are extensive, the preparation is simple, the energy consumption is low, reducing production costs and environmental burdens. At the same time, the material is easy to demolish and recycle, can be reused, promoting the recycling of resources and sustainable development. These characteristics make the ice-concrete show important application value and practical significance in the construction of building structures in low-temperature environments, providing strong support for coping with low-temperature building challenges and promoting the development of green buildings, and showing broad application prospects.

[0045] The present invention uses an aqueous solution as the gelling material and aggregates as the frame structure strengthening material. The selection of relevant materials not only has a wide range of sources, reducing the dependence on specific resources, but also excellent performance in a low-temperature environment can be achieved through unique ratios and preparation processes, enabling the ice-concrete to maintain stable physical and chemical properties in extremely cold regions.

[0046] The present invention can achieve the rapid condensation and hardening of ice-concrete in a low-temperature environment only by reducing the temperature, greatly shortening the construction period of the building structure. This construction technology can quickly achieve in-situ, rapid, and green construction of building structures in high-altitude extremely cold regions and polar regions, improving the construction speed and efficiency.

[0047] By regulating the soluble mineral pigment components, the present invention can make the ice-concrete present a transparent or colored shape, and finally make the ice-concrete building structure and airport runway show different colors, with diverse structural forms, rich colors, and free adjustment, having excellent ornamental functionality.

[0048] The present invention has good low-temperature resistance, stability and service performance, and can withstand harsh conditions in a low-temperature environment, such as long-term ice and snow coverage, strong temperature differences, and potential freeze-thaw cycles. Its stable structural performance ensures the long-term safety and reliability of the building structure, and it can maintain excellent load-bearing capacity even under extreme climate conditions.

[0049] The raw materials used in the present invention are green and environmentally friendly. The treatment of waste generated during the demolition and recycling process is relatively simple, and the materials themselves are easy to reuse. This characteristic not only reduces the generation of construction waste and the burden on the environment, but also promotes resource recycling and sustainable development.

[0050] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A kind of ice concrete material, characterized in that, By weight parts, it includes: 100 - 300 parts of ice-based composite cementitious material, 0 - 800 parts of fine aggregate, 800 - 1300 parts of coarse aggregate, fiber reinforcement material with a volume dosage of 5% - 20% of the ice concrete, and solution modifier with a volume dosage of 1% - 30% of the ice-based composite cementitious material.

2. The ice concrete material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among them, The ice-based composite cementitious material is one or more of fresh water, sea water, and composite solutions with artificially adjusted components. The components of the composite solution include one or more of NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, K2SO4, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, and Na2SO4, and the concentration is 1% - 20wt%.

3. The ice concrete material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among them, The fine aggregate is none, one, or several of natural river sand, sea sand, desert sand, and artificial sand. The particle size range is 0 - 4.75mm, and the fineness modulus is 1.6 - 3.

7. The coarse aggregate is one or more of natural crushed stone, pebble, or artificial crushed stone, and the particle size range is 4.75 - 31.5mm.

4. The ice concrete material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among them, The fiber reinforcement material is one or more of cellulose fiber, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, and steel fiber. The fiber shape of the fiber reinforcement material is one or more of linear, two-dimensional planar, and three-dimensional solid. The fiber length is 0.5 - 30mm, and the fiber diameter is 0.2 - 2mm.

5. The ice concrete material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among them, The solution modifier is one or more of ethylene glycol, sodium gluconate, sucrose, oxalic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, antifreeze polypeptide, and antifreeze glycopeptide, and the molar concentration is 1 - 20mol / L.

6. The ice concrete material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among them, It further includes 0 - 300 parts of soluble mineral pigments. The soluble mineral pigments are one of solid powder or liquid iron oxide, magnetite, manganese dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, titanium dioxide, titanium trioxide, cadmium sulfide, realgar, orpiment, hydrated iron oxide, tin disulfide, chromium trioxide, basic copper carbonate, cobalt stannate, calcium copper silicate, barium copper silicate, barium manganate, ferrous ferrocyanide, sodium polysulfide aluminosilicate, ammonium manganese phosphate, and cobalt phosphonate. Red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, indigo, violet, white, and black are achieved by adjusting the components of the soluble mineral pigments.

7. A method for preparing the ice concrete material according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1, Select the construction area and clean it up, build a model, and hollow condensation pipes for reducing and maintaining temperature are laid inside the formwork. S2, Weigh relevant raw materials according to the mix proportion of the ice concrete material, prepare the ice-based composite cementitious material in advance, and compound the solution modifier with the ice-based composite cementitious material to obtain a mixed solution. S3, Fill the fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and fiber reinforcement material into the model. S4. Pour the compounded mixed solution into the mold, making it fully contact with the fine and coarse aggregates and fill the internal voids. S5. Stop pouring the ice concrete when the mixed solution is flush with the surface of the mold and starts to overflow. S6. Freeze the mixed solution by reducing the external environmental temperature or introducing a cooling medium into the hollow condensation pipes inside the ice concrete to form an ice concrete structure with a certain strength, and then construct it into a building or airport runway structure. S7. After the construction of the building or airport runway structure is completed, continuously introduce a cooling medium into the hollow condensation pipes inside the ice concrete to achieve long-term freezing hardening and non-melting of the ice concrete structure.

8. The preparation method of the ice concrete material according to claim 7, characterized in that: Among them, The mold is a large integral formwork or a small mold. The large integral formwork is suitable for the overall frame structure of a building or airport runway as the construction main body, and is constructed by integral pouring to obtain the building or airport runway structure. The small mold is suitable for the assembled structure as the construction main body. It is pre-cast into small ice concrete brick structures, and several of these ice brick structures are transported to the site and assembled to obtain the building or airport runway structure.

9. The preparation method of the ice concrete material according to claim 7, characterized in that: Among them, The ice concrete material includes transparent ice concrete material and colored ice concrete material. The raw materials of the transparent ice concrete material do not contain the soluble mineral pigments, and the raw materials of the colored ice concrete material contain the soluble mineral pigments.

10. The preparation method of the ice concrete material according to claim 7, characterized in that: Among them, In step S3, the filling methods of the fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and fiber reinforcement material when filling into the mold include the mixing method and the layer paving method. The steps of the mixing method are: mix the fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and fiber reinforcement material evenly and fill them evenly into the mold. The steps of the layer paving method are: mix the fine aggregate and the coarse aggregate evenly to form fine and coarse aggregates, and layer them in the mold in the order of one layer of fine and coarse aggregates and one layer of fiber reinforcement material.

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