Method and system for constructing pollution source map of ecological damage to water area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a water area ecological damage pollution source map construction method and system, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the pollution source information collection of a key water area, and obtaining a pollution source basic database; pollutant space distribution difference information of the key water area is determined through representative sample collection and detection; constructing a pollution source feature fingerprint database based on the pollutant spatial distribution difference information; based on the pollution source basic database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database, constructing a pollution source map of key water area ecological damage; and determining a target pollution source of the pollution accident of the key water area based on the pollution source map. According to the method, through the pollution source basic database and the pollution source feature fingerprint database, a pollution source map of key water area ecological damage is constructed, support is provided for revealing the migration and transformation process of pollutants and water pollution identification and tracing, and when pollution accidents occur in key water areas, pollution source tracing can be rapidly achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to a method and system for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage in the technical field of data processing. Background Art

[0002] By means of water quality monitoring information, quickly, effectively and accurately tracing water pollution to obtain necessary information about pollution sources (pollution-causing locations, pollution-causing amounts, pollution transfer processes, etc.) can provide decision-making support for public interest litigation of water pollution incidents, risk assessment, emergency regulation and generation of disposal plans. However, the differences in mainstream emission sources in different regions lead to spatial differences in water pollution problems; therefore, timely clarifying the current situation of regional water pollution, the sources of pollutants, and the relationship between pollutants and sources is the premise for implementing refined water environment management and regional water pollution control countermeasures. Identifying the pollution sources and quantitatively estimating their relative contributions have become the key points and difficulties in the treatment of water pollution incidents in the past decade.

[0003] In the related art, the environmental protection work of key water areas has basically achieved normalized monitoring and early warning of conventional water quality indicators. However, conventional detection indicators, such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon, can only reflect the total amount of pollution and cannot reflect the toxicity and sources of specific pollutants. It is difficult to be used as characteristic data for pollutant identification. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database. When a pollution incident occurs, the pollution source can be quickly diagnosed through analysis of the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database, and the pollution source can be cut off in time to prevent the incident from deteriorating further.

[0004] In the work of water pollution identification and tracing, if there are many pollution sources upstream of a pollution accident, the method of checking one by one will consume a large amount of manpower and material resources and cannot guarantee the timeliness of pollutant tracing. Instead, constructing a pollution source atlas in advance, when a pollution accident occurs, by detecting and analyzing the characteristic pollutant information of the polluted water sample and comparing it with the pollution source atlas, the pollution source can be quickly identified. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage, and the specific technical solutions adopted are as follows: In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage, and the method includes: Collecting pollution source information for key water areas to obtain a basic pollution source database; Determining the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants in the key water areas through representative sample collection and detection; Constructing a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database based on the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants; Based on the basic database of pollution sources and the fingerprint database of pollution source characteristics, construct a pollution source map of ecological damage to the key water areas; Based on the pollution source map, determine the target pollution sources of pollution accidents in the key water areas.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for constructing a pollution source map of ecological damage to water areas, the system includes: A collection module, configured to collect pollution source information for key water areas to obtain a basic database of pollution sources; A first determination module, configured to determine the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants in the key water areas through representative sample collection and detection; A first construction module, configured to construct a fingerprint database of pollution source characteristics based on the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants; A second construction module, configured to construct a pollution source map of ecological damage to the key water areas based on the basic database of pollution sources and the fingerprint database of pollution source characteristics; A second determination module, configured to determine the target pollution sources of pollution accidents in the key water areas based on the pollution source map.

[0007] In a third aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method in the first aspect above.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method in the first aspect above.

[0009] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By collecting pollution source information for key water areas, a basic pollution source database is obtained, and through representative sample collection and detection, the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants in the key water areas is determined; then, based on the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants, a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database is constructed; in this way, the constructed pollution source characteristic fingerprint database can be made more abundant and accurate. Finally, based on the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database, a pollution source map of the ecological damage in the key water areas is constructed; and based on the pollution source map, the target pollution source of the pollution accident in the key water areas is determined. In this way, the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted analysis technology for the establishment of the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database has the characteristics of fast analysis speed, high sensitivity, and wide detection range, and can quickly realize pollution source tracing, which is of great significance for tracing the source of water ecological damage. By comprehensively integrating the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database, a pollution source map of the ecological damage in the key water areas is constructed, providing support for revealing the migration and transformation process of pollutants and water pollution identification and tracing; thus, when a pollution accident occurs in the key water areas, the pollution source can be quickly traced through the pollution source map. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings without creative efforts based on these drawings.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the implementation of a method for constructing a pollution source map of water ecological damage provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is another schematic flowchart of the implementation of a method for constructing a pollution source map of water ecological damage provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is yet another schematic flowchart of the implementation of a method for constructing a pollution source map of water ecological damage provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a bar chart showing the number of compounds in 6 regions provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a pollutant fingerprint map of Region 1 of the key water area provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a pollutant fingerprint map of Region 2 of the key water area provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a pollutant fingerprint map of Region 3 of the key water area provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is the pollutant fingerprint map of Area 4 in the key water area provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 It is the pollutant fingerprint map of Area 5 in the key water area provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 It is the pollutant fingerprint map of Area 6 in the key water area provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 It is the schematic composition structure diagram of a system for constructing a pollution source map of water area ecological damage provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 It is the schematic structure diagram of a computer device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0012] In order to further elaborate on the technical methods adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following, in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details a method for constructing a pollution source map of water area ecological damage according to the present invention, including its specific implementation manners, structures, features and applications. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0013] Among them, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more than two.

[0014] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0015] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0016] In some embodiments, source pollution maps are constructed using water ripple maps, stable isotopes, or heavy metals. However, these methods have problems such as unclear distinction or incomplete description of pollution sources and pollutant information, making it difficult to handle source identification and traceability in cases where there are similar pollution sources or a large number of potential pollution sources. In related technologies, the water quality and water ripple database mainly includes fluorescence water ripples and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, etc. This database has the advantages of a large amount of water information, mature and simple analysis methods, and low cost. By measuring the three-dimensional fluorescence of dissolved organic matter in water bodies, the characteristic fluorescence of each type of substance is found, and the source of pollutants is determined using the characteristic fluorescence. However, this method is easily interfered by the fluorescence characteristics of other substances during use, so it may lead to unclear distinction of pollutant information.

[0017] Conventional detection indicators, such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon, can only reflect the total amount of pollution, and are not stable, and will change due to dilution effects. They cannot reflect the toxicity and source of pollutants, and it is difficult to be used as characteristic data for pollutant identification. The chemical water ripple information of pollution sources, such as three-dimensional fluorescence spectra, confirms the pollution source by comparing the similarity of the source pollution map, but cannot determine specific pollutant information, which is not conducive to targeted treatment and management in the later stage.

[0018] Based on this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for constructing a source pollution map for water area ecological damage. Based on collecting basic data and obtaining a source pollution characteristic fingerprint database, a set of source pollution maps covering different sources and structures is constructed, providing a basic database for tracing and identifying pollutants in key water areas.

[0019] For chemical pollutants in the ecological damage of key water areas, first, based on the technical guidelines of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, urban statistical yearbooks, environmental bulletins, database literature, etc., collect and integrate chemical pollutant information including industrial sources, agricultural sources, domestic sources, and other sources, and integrate the basic databases of various types of pollution sources and different pollution substances. Secondly, through the collection of representative samples in key water areas, the non-targeted analysis technology of comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry is used to study the fingerprint characteristics of water area pollutants, and a high-resolution source pollution characteristic fingerprint database of various types of pollution sources and different pollution substances is obtained. By integrating the basic database of pollution sources and the source pollution characteristic fingerprint database, a source pollution map for the ecological damage of key water areas is constructed, providing support for revealing the migration and transformation process of pollutants and the identification and traceability of water pollution.

[0020] The pollution source characteristic fingerprint database constructed in the embodiments of the present invention is established by using comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry technology, which has the characteristics of high sensitivity and large amount of pollutant information processed. It can obtain richer characteristic pollutant information in a shorter time, increase the effectiveness of traceability, and thus improve the application scope of the database. The comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry technology, such as comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS), has more advantages than ordinary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technology. The comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography has stronger peak capacity and higher resolution, enabling it to more effectively analyze compounds with similar properties; the high-resolution mass spectrometry has ultra-high analysis speed, resolution and sensitivity. When combined with the comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography, it has the ability to detect thousands of substances, greatly broadening the scope of pollutant detection, and thus significantly improving the detection rate of pollutants. The pollution source characteristic fingerprint database established thereby can provide strong support for subsequent traceability.

[0021] The following specifically describes the specific solution of a method for constructing a pollution source map of water area ecological damage provided by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a schematic diagram of the implementation process of a method for constructing a pollution source map of water area ecological damage provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes: 101. Collect pollution source information for key water areas to obtain a basic pollution source database.

[0022] Here, the pollution source information includes: basic information of key water areas, pollution emission source information such as industrial sources, agricultural sources, domestic sources, and other sources, as well as historical monitoring records, etc. The basic pollution source database is formed through multi-source heterogeneous data fusion.

[0023] In some possible implementation manners, the above step 101 can be implemented through steps 111 and 112 (not shown in the figure): 111. Determine the pollution source origin and pollutant type structure of the key water areas.

[0024] Here, for chemical pollutants in the ecological damage of key water areas in the field of public interest litigation, based on the technical guidelines of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, urban statistical yearbooks, environmental bulletins, database literature, etc., investigate the relevant substances emitted by different industrial industries, agricultural planting and breeding, mobile source transportation, and domestic sources.

[0025] 112. Based on the pollutant origin and the pollutant type structure, determine the detailed information and pollution source information of the key water areas to obtain the basic pollution source database.

[0026] Here, detailed information on key water areas is collected, including geographical location, administrative region, water quality type, basin information, basin hydrology, historical monitoring records, etc.; pollution source information of the surveyed water areas is collected to obtain pollutant data of industrial sources, agricultural sources, domestic sources, and other sources; for industrial sources, the emissions of pollutants in key industries (such as electroplating, metal manufacturing, paper making, textile printing and dyeing, pesticides, petrochemicals, leather processing, battery industry, etc.) are concerned, for agricultural pollution sources, the emissions of pollutants in aquaculture and livestock and poultry breeding industries are concerned, for domestic sources, the pollutant emissions of sewage treatment plants are concerned, and for mobile sources, the emissions of petroleum-based pollutants are concerned. Information such as the quantity, type, and concentration level of the emitted pollutants is obtained through channels such as literature and historical monitoring data. In this way, through the detailed information of key water areas and pollution source information, a basic pollution source database is constructed, which can make the basic pollution source database more abundant and facilitate the subsequent construction of a pollution source map through this basic pollution source database.

[0027] 102. Determine the information on the spatial distribution differences of pollutants in the key water areas through representative sample collection and detection.

[0028] Here, the information on the distribution differences of pollutants is obtained by statistically analyzing the high-resolution mass spectrometry data set.

[0029] In some possible implementation manners, the above step 102 can be implemented through the following steps 121 and 122 (not shown in the figure): 121. Collect representative samples from the key water areas, and obtain the samples to be tested after pretreatment.

[0030] In some possible implementation manners, samples of industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, domestic pollution sources, and regional backgrounds that have a hydraulic connection with the key water areas are collected; the water sample collection and equipment shall comply with HJ494, and the preservation management and transportation conditions shall comply with the requirements of HJ493; the collection of aquatic animals and plants refers to the standard methods of HJ1295 and HJ1296. The sample pretreatment is based on the corresponding detection methods of gas / liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry.

[0031] 122. Perform high-resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection and data analysis on the samples to be tested to obtain the information on the spatial distribution differences of the pollutants.

[0032] In some possible implementation manners, first, perform comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection on the sample to be measured to obtain original data. Here, for the samples to be measured of industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, domestic pollution sources, and regional backgrounds, perform analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to obtain first data; perform analysis of non-volatile and thermally unstable organic pollutants using comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to obtain second data; wherein, the original data includes the first data and the second data.

[0033] Secondly, preprocess the original data to obtain a high-resolution mass spectrometry data set; for example, perform data preprocessing on the original data to obtain a high-resolution mass spectrometry data set. The preprocessing process of the original data includes: performing peak extraction, peak alignment, peak combination, peak elimination, and characteristic peak marking on the original data to obtain a high-resolution mass spectrometry data set containing complete mass spectrometry information such as the exact mass-to-charge ratio, retention time, peak height, and peak area of substances.

[0034] Finally, perform statistical analysis on the high-resolution mass spectrometry data set to obtain the pollutant spatial distribution difference information. For example, perform statistical analysis on the high-resolution mass spectrometry data set to obtain pollutant distribution difference information, thereby constructing a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database.

[0035] In some possible implementation manners, use comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry technology to construct a characteristic pollution source fingerprint database, including: collecting and preprocessing samples in the target area; performing comprehensive two-dimensional gas / liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection on the obtained samples; performing data preprocessing on the original data to obtain a high-resolution mass spectrometry data set; performing statistical analysis on the high-resolution mass spectrometry data set to obtain pollutant distribution difference information, thereby constructing a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database. As Figure 2 shown, it can be achieved through the following steps: 201, collect representative samples, and after preprocessing, obtain samples to be measured; 202, perform comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection on the samples to be measured to obtain original data; 203, preprocess the original data to obtain a high-resolution mass spectrometry data set (including: the exact mass-to-charge ratio, retention time, peak height, peak area, etc. of substances); 204, perform statistical analysis on the high-resolution mass spectrometry data set to obtain pollutant spatial distribution difference information; 205, construct a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database.

[0036] 103, construct a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database based on the pollutant spatial distribution difference information.

[0037] Here, perform differential analysis on the pollutant spatial distribution difference information to construct a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database.

[0038] 104. Based on the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database, construct the pollution source atlas of the ecological damage in the key water areas.

[0039] Here, by determining the corresponding relationship between the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database; and according to this corresponding relationship, merging the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database to obtain the pollution source atlas of the ecological damage in the key water areas.

[0040] In some possible implementation manners, comprehensively combine the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database of the regional scope to construct the pollution source atlas of the ecological damage in the key water areas.

[0041] 105. Based on the pollution source atlas, determine the target pollution source of the pollution accident in the key water areas.

[0042] Here, in response to the pollution accident in the key water areas, collect the representative samples of the key water areas; and determine the characteristic pollutants of the representative samples; then, by comparing the characteristic pollutants with the pollution source atlas, obtain the target pollution source of the pollution accident in the key water areas. For example, when a pollution accident occurs, investigate the pollution situation and collect representative samples, such as polluted water samples, to analyze and test the characteristic pollutants and compare them with the database, so as to quickly identify the pollution source.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present invention, by collecting pollution source information of the key water areas, obtain the basic pollution source database, and determine the information on the spatial distribution difference of pollutants in the key water areas; then, based on the information on the spatial distribution difference of pollutants, construct the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database; in this way, the constructed pollution source characteristic fingerprint database can be made more abundant and accurate. Finally, based on the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database, construct the pollution source atlas of the ecological damage in the key water areas; and based on the pollution source atlas, determine the target pollution source of the pollution accident in the key water areas. In this way, using the comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted analysis technology for the establishment of the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database has the characteristics of fast analysis speed, high sensitivity, and wide detection range, and can quickly realize pollution source tracing, which is of great significance for tracing the water ecological damage. By comprehensively combining the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database to construct the pollution source atlas of the ecological damage in the key water areas, it provides support for revealing the migration and transformation process of pollutants and water pollution identification and tracing; thus, when a pollution accident occurs in the key water areas, the pollution source tracing of the key water areas can be quickly realized through the pollution source atlas.

[0044] In some embodiments, the construction process of the pollution source atlas is as Figure 3As shown in the figure, first, collect water ecological pollution source information (i.e., collect pollution source information for key water areas), including industrial sources, agricultural sources, domestic sources, and other sources; second, perform multi-source heterogeneous data fusion (i.e., perform multi-source heterogeneous data fusion on the collected pollution source information) to obtain a basic pollution source database. At the same time, first, collect representative samples of key water areas, including water, sediment, aquatic plants, and aquatic animals; second, introduce high-resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted analysis technology to detect and analyze the samples to obtain a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database; finally, merge the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database to obtain an ecological damage pollution source atlas of key water areas.

[0045] In some embodiments, taking a key basin in a certain district of City A as an example, this key basin undertakes the needs of multiple water uses such as the daily life of surrounding residents, industrial production, and aquaculture. The water quality pollution situation in this basin has attracted attention. To fundamentally solve the pollution problem, finding the source and controlling emissions is the key, and establishing a database for this water area is conducive to pollutant tracing. The following is the method for establishing the pollution source atlas of this key basin: (1) Collection of pollution source information for key water areas The main information collected through information research is as follows: a. Detailed information of key water areas, including geographical location, administrative region, water quality type, basin information, basin hydrology, historical monitoring records, etc.; b. Types of surrounding pollution emission sources. According to industrial sewage discharge standards, historical monitoring data of pollution sources, and on-site research, determine the main emission source types closely related to the characteristic pollutants of the water body; c. Collect and investigate the pollution source information of this key water area, and obtain information such as the quantity, type, and concentration level of pollutants discharged through channels such as literature and historical monitoring data to obtain pollutant data of industrial sources, agricultural sources, domestic sources, and other sources; d. Collect the names of water bodies discharged into and hydrological data, including information such as water volume, water level, and flow direction.

[0046] Form a basic pollution source database through the above information collection.

[0047] (2) Collection and pretreatment of representative samples of key water areas The key basins cover the main water body types in the basins such as reservoirs, rivers, and nearshore semi-enclosed bays, and are a relatively typical ecosystem. This time, water samples were collected from the upstream reservoir (area 2), cross-sections of branch rivers (areas 3 and 4), downstream main stream (area 5), semi-enclosed bay (area 6), and the lake beside it (area 1) in this basin, with a total of 29 sampling points in 6 areas. The layout, collection, and preservation of water samples were carried out in accordance with the regulations in "Technical Specifications for Surface Water Environmental Quality Monitoring" (HJ 91.2) and "Technical Regulations for the Preservation and Management of Water Quality Samples" (HJ 493). For the collection of organic matter samples, in a 4-liter (L) brown glass sampling bottle, the sampling bottle was filled and inverted without air bubbles. At the same time, whole-process blank samples and on-site parallel samples were collected for quality control to ensure that there was no other organic matter pollution during the processes such as experiments and sampling. After the water samples were transferred to the laboratory, a mixed cellulose microporous (CN-CA water system membrane) filter membrane (diameter 50 millimeters (mm), pore size 0.45 micrometers) was used to remove impurities in the water body, and it was placed in a 4°C (Celsius) sample cabinet for storage and standby. It was stored in the dark at 4°C, and the samples were processed within 7 days.

[0048] Pretreatment of samples: After the water samples were filtered through a 0.45-micrometer glass fiber filter membrane, 500 milliliters (mL) were accurately measured. The water samples were extracted with an HLB solid-phase extraction column (500 milligrams per 6 milliliters (mg / 6mL)). The SPE column was pretreated by pre-rinsing the column with dichloromethane (5 mL), methanol, and ultrapure water in sequence to activate the column for standby. The above was continuously and evenly passed through the activated solid-phase extraction column to enrich organic compounds at a flow rate of 10 milliliters per minute (mL / min) until it was drained. The solid-phase extraction column was eluted with dichloromethane (5 mL) and ethyl acetate (5 mL), and dehydrated through an anhydrous sodium sulfate column. The eluate was concentrated with a gentle nitrogen stream and then fixed to a volume of 0.5 mL.

[0049] (3) High-resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection Experimental instruments: Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS), both the gas chromatography and the time-of-flight mass spectrometry were the set gas chromatography and the set time-of-flight mass spectrometry; the one-dimensional chromatographic column used was DB-5 milliseconds (ms) (30 meters (m) × 0.25 mm × 0.25 micrometers), and the two-dimensional chromatographic column used was DB-17ms (20 m × 0.18 mm × 0.18 micrometers).

[0050] Instrument conditions: 1) Gas chromatography conditions: The carrier gas is helium with a flow rate of 1.0 mL / min; Splitless injection mode is used; The injection volume is 1 microliter (L); The injection port temperature is 230 °C; Column temperature program: The initial temperature of gas chromatography is 50 °C, the retention time is 5 minutes (min), then it is increased to 300 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min and held for 5 min, and the modulation period is 10 s; Mass spectrometry conditions are: The solvent delay is 5 min, the voltage of the EI ionization source is 70 eV, the ion source temperature is 230 °C, and the transfer line temperature is 240 °C. The acquisition mass number range is 50 to 500 amU, the acquisition frequency is 100 Hz, and the resolution is 25000. The spectral data is analyzed and processed by Chroma TOF software, and the pollution source spectrum is compared with the NIST 17 standard spectral library. During the compound identification process, compounds with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 3 and a spectral library matching degree greater than 550 are screened out.

[0051] The pretreated water sample is subjected to non-target detection of pollutants using GC×GC-TOFMS. After screening the spectral analysis data with the standard spectral library, the data fragments of each component are compared with the NIST 17 spectral library, and compounds with a matching degree greater than or equal to 550 with the NIST17 spectral library are retained. At the same time, the retention index (RI) is calculated according to the retention time of the n-alkane standard under the same gas chromatography conditions and the retention index of the substance in the spectral library literature (Lib.RI), and matching substances with a relative retention index deviation within ±10% are further screened out. The calculation formula of RI is shown in formula (1): (1); Where: n and n + 1 are the carbon atom numbers of the n-alkanes before and after the unknown compound elutes, t is the retention time of the unknown compound; t n and t n+1 are the retention times of the corresponding n-alkanes (t n <t<t n+1 )

[0052] Quantification method: Quantitative analysis is carried out by the peak area normalization method to determine the relative content of each component. Compounds with a content greater than or equal to 0.05% are selected for subsequent calculations.

[0053] (4) Statistical analysis of high-resolution mass spectrometry data Non-target detection of organic matter in water samples at 29 sampling points in 6 regions is carried out using GC×GC-TOFMS. Through spectral analysis and matching screening with the standard spectral library, the number of identified compounds is as Figure 4 shown. The number of detected compounds in 6 regions is between 50 and 500. The source characteristic fingerprint data (i.e., the pollution source fingerprint map) of pollutants in each region is constructed by plotting the one-dimensional retention time and the mass-to-charge ratio of the compound, as Figures 5 to 10as shown; among which, the pollutant fingerprint map of Region 1 in the key water area is as Figure 5 shown, the pollutant fingerprint map of Region 2 in the key water area is as Figure 6 shown, the pollutant fingerprint map of Region 3 in the key water area is as Figure 7 shown, the pollutant fingerprint map of Region 4 in the key water area is as Figure 8 shown, the pollutant fingerprint map of Region 5 in the key water area is as Figure 9 shown, the pollutant fingerprint map of Region 6 in the key water area is as Figure 10 shown.

[0054] Table 1 lists the types of compounds detected at each regional sampling point, mainly organic compounds such as saturated alkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, etc. There are differences in the proportion of compound types in each sampling area. Among them, the proportion of alcohols is between 7.7% and 13.8%. Alcohols mainly come from animal and vegetable oils, fats, and waxes. Due to the transesterification between alcohols and lipid substances, a part of the alcohols exists in the form of esters; the proportion of aldehyde and ketone compounds is 1.9% - 4.9% and 6.7% - 15.4%. Aldehyde and ketone compounds mainly come from domestic wastewater (waterborne coatings) and automobile exhaust; the proportion of ester compounds is 13.5% - 17.8%, mainly from industrial solvents, plasticizers, lubricating oils, perfumes, etc. entering the water body; the proportion of saturated alkanes detected at the sampling point in Region 1 is as high as 11.5%, much higher than other regions. Saturated alkanes mainly come from petroleum and natural gas and can enter the water body through petroleum hydrocarbon substances.

[0055] Table 1 Types and Proportions of Compounds Detected in Samples at Each Regional Sampling Point (Normalization Method) Unit: %

[0056] Table 2 lists the sources of compounds detected at each regional sampling point, mainly drugs, pesticides, natural products, perfumes, industrial solvents, industrial raw materials, etc. There are differences in the proportion of compound uses in each sampling area. Among them, the proportion of drugs is 5.8% - 15.8%, the proportion of industrial solvents is 3.8% - 13.8%, the proportion of dyes is 1.9% - 5.4%, and the proportion of fuels is 0 - 5.8%.

[0057] Table 2 Sources and Proportions of Compounds Detected in Samples at Each Regional Sampling Point (Normalization Method) Unit: %

[0058] Table 3 lists the detected compounds in Region 1, Table 4 lists the detected compounds in Region 2, Table 5 lists the detected compounds in Region 3, Table 6 lists the detected compounds in Region 4, and Table 7 lists the detected compounds in Region 5.

[0059] Table 3 Compounds Detected in Region 1 (Partial Detection Results in Region 1)

[0060] Table 4 Compounds Detected in Region 2 (Partial Detection Results in Region 2)

[0061] Table 5 Compounds Detected in Region 3 (Partial Detection Results in Region 3)

[0062] Table 6 Compounds Detected in Region 4 (Partial Detection Results in Region 4)

[0063] Table 7 Compounds Detected in Region 5 (Partial Detection Results in Region 5)

[0064] (6) Construction of Pollution Source Atlas for Aquatic Ecological Damage Enter the basic information of the pollution source into the basic database of the pollution source, enter the data of non-target analysis of water pollution sources by comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry into the characteristic fingerprint database for the constructed regional scope, and finally merge the basic database of the pollution source and the characteristic fingerprint database of the pollution source to construct the pollution source atlas for aquatic ecological damage.

[0065] The embodiment of the present invention provides a system for constructing a pollution source atlas for aquatic ecological damage. Please refer to Figure 11 , which shows the schematic diagram of the composition structure of a system for constructing a pollution source atlas for aquatic ecological damage provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The system 1100 includes: A collection module 1101, configured to collect pollution source information for key water areas to obtain a basic database of pollution sources; a first determination module 1102, configured to determine the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants in the key water areas through representative sample collection and detection; a first construction module 1103, configured to construct a characteristic fingerprint database of pollution sources based on the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants; a second construction module 1104, configured to construct a pollution source atlas for the ecological damage of the key water areas based on the basic database of pollution sources and the characteristic fingerprint database of pollution sources; a second determination module 1105, configured to determine the target pollution source of the pollution accident in the key water areas based on the pollution source atlas.

[0066] In some possible implementation manners, the collection module 1101 is further configured to determine the source of the pollution source and the pollutant type structure in the key water areas; based on the pollutant source and the pollutant type structure, determine the detailed information and pollution source information of the key water areas to obtain the basic database of pollution sources.

[0067] In some possible implementation manners, the first determination module 1102 is further configured to collect representative samples from the key water area, and obtain samples to be tested after pretreatment; perform comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection on the samples to be tested to obtain original data; perform preprocessing on the original data to obtain a high resolution mass spectrometry data set; perform statistical analysis on the high resolution mass spectrometry data set to obtain the pollutant spatial distribution difference information.

[0068] In some possible implementation manners, the first determination module 1102 is further configured to collect samples of industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, domestic pollution sources and regional backgrounds that have a hydraulic connection with the key water area; obtain the samples to be tested after pretreatment of the samples of the industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, domestic pollution sources and regional backgrounds.

[0069] In some possible implementation manners, the first determination module 1102 is further configured to perform analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants on the samples of the industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, domestic pollution sources and regional backgrounds by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to obtain first data; perform analysis of non-volatile and thermally unstable organic pollutants by using comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to obtain second data; wherein, the original data includes: the first data and the second data.

[0070] In some possible implementation manners, the first determination module 1102 is further configured to perform peak extraction, peak alignment, peak combination, peak rejection and characteristic peak marking on the original data to obtain a high resolution mass spectrometry data set that at least includes the accurate mass-to-charge ratio, retention time, peak height and peak area of substances.

[0071] In some possible implementation manners, the second construction module 1104 is further configured to determine the correspondence between the basic database of pollution sources and the characteristic fingerprint database of pollution sources; based on the correspondence, merge the basic database of pollution sources and the characteristic fingerprint database of pollution sources to obtain the pollution source map of the ecological damage of the key water area.

[0072] In some possible implementation manners, the second determination module 1105 is further configured to collect representative samples of the key water area in response to a pollution accident in the key water area; determine the characteristic pollutants of the representative samples; compare the characteristic pollutants with the pollution source map to obtain the target pollution source of the pollution accident in the key water area.

[0073] Optionally, the transmission medium may be a wired link (such as, but not limited to, coaxial cable, optical fiber, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) or a wireless link (such as, but not limited to, Wireless Fidelity (WIFI), Bluetooth, mobile device network, etc.). It should be noted that: for the device provided in the above embodiment, only the division of the above functional modules is used for illustration. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the computer device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0074] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Exemplarily, as Figure 12 shown, the computer device 1200 includes: a memory 1201, a processor 1202, and a computer program 1203 stored in the memory 1201 and running on the processor 1202. When the processor 1202 executes the computer program 1203, the computer device can execute any one of the methods for constructing a pollution source map of water area ecological damage introduced above.

[0075] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention also protects a system, which may include a memory and a processor. Among them, the memory stores executable program code, and the processor is used to call and execute the executable program code to execute a method for constructing a pollution source map of water area ecological damage provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the system can be divided into functional modules according to the above method examples. For example, it can correspond to each functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware. It should be noted that the division of modules in this embodiment is illustrative, only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. It should be noted that all relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the function description of the corresponding functional module and will not be elaborated here.

[0076] It should be understood that the device provided in this embodiment is used to execute the above method for constructing a pollution source atlas for water area ecological damage, so the same effects as the above implementation method can be achieved. In the case of adopting an integrated unit, the system may include a processing module and a storage module. Among them, when the system is applied to a device, the processing module can be used to control and manage the actions of the device. The storage module can be used to support the device to execute mutual program codes, etc. Among them, the processing module can be a processor or a controller, which can implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules and circuits described in combination with the disclosure of the present invention. The processor can also be a combination that realizes computing functions, such as including a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of digital signal processing (DSP) and a microprocessor, etc. The storage module can be a memory.

[0077] In addition, the device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can specifically be a chip, a component or a module. The chip may include a connected processor and a memory; among them, the memory is used to store instructions, and when the processor calls and executes the instructions, the chip can execute the method for constructing a pollution source atlas for water area ecological damage provided in the above embodiment. This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer program code is stored. When the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the above relevant method steps to implement the method for constructing a pollution source atlas for water area ecological damage provided in the above embodiment.

[0078] This embodiment also provides a computer program product. When the computer program product runs on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the above-related steps to implement the method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage provided in the above embodiment. Among them, the device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, or chip provided in this embodiment are all used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects in the corresponding method provided above, and will not be elaborated here. Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, only the above division of each functional module is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit can be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

[0079] It should be noted that: the above sequence of embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multi-task processing and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous. Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The above content is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage, characterized in that, The method for constructing a pollution source atlas of the water ecological damage includes: Collecting pollution source information for key water areas to obtain a basic pollution source database; Determining the information on the spatial distribution differences of pollutants in the key water areas through representative sample collection and detection; Constructing a pollution source characteristic fingerprint database based on the information on the spatial distribution differences of pollutants; Constructing a pollution source atlas of the water ecological damage in the key water areas based on the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database; Determining the target pollution sources of pollution accidents in the key water areas based on the pollution source atlas; 2. The method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the information on the spatial distribution differences of pollutants in the key water areas through representative sample collection and detection includes: Collecting representative samples from the key water areas and obtaining test samples after pretreatment; Performing high-resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection and data analysis on the test samples to obtain the information on the spatial distribution differences of pollutants; 3. The method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The performing of high-resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection and data analysis on the test samples to obtain the information on the spatial distribution differences of pollutants includes: Performing comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection on the test samples to obtain raw data; Performing pretreatment on the raw data to obtain a high-resolution mass spectrometry data set; Performing statistical analysis on the high-resolution mass spectrometry data set to obtain the information on the spatial distribution differences of pollutants; 4. The method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collecting of representative samples from the key water areas and obtaining test samples after pretreatment includes: Collecting samples of industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, domestic pollution sources and regional backgrounds that have a hydraulic connection with the key water areas; Obtaining the test samples after pretreatment of the samples of industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, domestic pollution sources and regional backgrounds; 5. A method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage according to claim 3, characterized in that The performing of comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry non-targeted detection on the test samples to obtain raw data includes: Performing analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants on the samples of industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, domestic pollution sources and regional backgrounds by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to obtain first data; Performing analysis of non-volatile and thermally unstable organic pollutants by comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to obtain second data; wherein, the raw data includes: the first data and the second data.

6. The method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The performing of pretreatment on the raw data to obtain a high-resolution mass spectrometry data set includes: Performing peak extraction, peak alignment, peak combination, peak elimination and characteristic peak marking on the raw data to obtain a high-resolution mass spectrometry data set that at least includes the accurate mass-to-charge ratio, retention time, peak height and peak area of substances; 7. A method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collecting of pollution source information for key water areas to obtain a basic pollution source database includes: Determining the pollution source origin and pollutant type structure of the key water areas; Based on the pollutant origin and the pollutant type structure, determining the detailed information and pollution source information of the key water areas to obtain the basic pollution source database; 8. A method for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage according to claim 1, characterized in that The constructing of a pollution source atlas of the water ecological damage in the key water areas based on the basic pollution source database and the pollution source characteristic fingerprint database includes: Determine the corresponding relationship between the basic database of pollution sources and the characteristic fingerprint database of pollution sources; Based on the corresponding relationship, merge the basic database of pollution sources and the characteristic fingerprint database of pollution sources to obtain the pollution source map of the ecological damage in the key water area.

9. The method for constructing a pollution source atlas for water area ecological damage according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the pollution source map, determine the target pollution sources of pollution accidents in the key water area, including: In response to a pollution accident in the key water area, collect representative samples of the key water area; Determine the characteristic pollutants of the representative samples; Compare the characteristic pollutants with the pollution source map to obtain the target pollution sources of pollution accidents in the key water area.

10. A system for constructing a pollution source atlas of water area ecological damage, characterized in that, The system includes: A collection module for collecting pollution source information of a key water area to obtain a basic database of pollution sources; A first determination module for determining the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants in the key water area through representative sample collection and detection; A first construction module for constructing a characteristic fingerprint database of pollution sources based on the spatial distribution difference information of pollutants; A second construction module for constructing a pollution source map of the ecological damage in the key water area based on the basic database of pollution sources and the characteristic fingerprint database of pollution sources; A second determination module for determining the target pollution sources of pollution accidents in the key water area based on the pollution source map.

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