The invention relates to the technical field of archive management, particularly relates to an archive management system and an operation process. The archive management system comprises a user queryterminal, an information collection platform, an archive processing system, an archive storage terminal and an automatic compression backup unit; the archive arrangement and filing unit comprises an archive data classification standard unit, an archive data identification unit and an archive data description unit, and the archive processing system comprises an archive retrieval module, an archivemanagement module, a retrieval service module, a system configuration module and a file configuration module. According to the scheme of the invention, archive information input by the information collection platform can be quickly sorted and stored in a classified manner; a user can conveniently input corresponding retrieval conditions in an operation interface to export corresponding archive data, the user with corresponding permission can edit, arrange and perform other related operations on archives, irrelevant personnel are prevented from forcibly changing archive information, informationleakage is prevented, the safety of the archives is guaranteed, and the archive arrangement and retrieval efficiency of the user is improved.