Network management method of distributed intelligent sunshade system

Abstract

The invention provides a network management method of a distributed intelligent sunshade system. According to the method, multi-source environment data are collected and fused in real time, noise is removed by using a Kalman filtering algorithm, and a standardized environment data set is generated. And the central control layer processes the real-time environment data based on a preset strategy library and a multi-target optimization algorithm, and generates a control instruction set containing a target equipment list, action parameters and execution priorities. And through a lightweight routing protocol of the ZigBee network, the control instruction is forwarded to the partition control box and the terminal equipment in a layered manner, so that linkage control of the terminal equipment is realized. And after the terminal equipment executes the instruction, terminal state data is returned through the ZigBee network, and the central control layer dynamically adjusts strategy parameters based on historical data and a reinforcement learning algorithm and optimizes equipment control logic. According to the invention, by improving the intelligent management capability and effectively solving the ZigBee orphan node problem, the efficient and stable operation of the building sunshade system is realized, and the building intelligent level and the energy utilization efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of distributed intelligent sunshade systems, and in particular to a network management method for distributed intelligent sunshade systems. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for building intelligence and energy conservation, distributed intelligent shading systems are increasingly used in large public buildings (such as stations and commercial complexes). Such systems need to use sensors to perceive environmental parameters (such as light, wind, temperature and humidity, and air quality) in real time, and control a large number of terminal devices (such as smart curtains, electric window openers, and multi-point locking devices) in a coordinated manner to achieve integrated management of shading, natural ventilation, fire smoke exhaust, and energy-saving optimization. However, the existing technology has the following core problems: lack of global decision-making capabilities driven by multi-source data, traditional shading systems mostly rely on a single sensor or preset rules (such as timed window opening and closing), and cannot integrate multi-dimensional data such as light, wind, rain, temperature and humidity, PM2.5, etc. in real time for comprehensive decision-making.

[0003] In addition, in distributed intelligent shading systems, ZigBee wireless sensor networks are often used to achieve intelligent control of shading devices (such as smart curtains and ventilation windows). ZigBee beacon mode tree networks are ideal for such systems due to their power saving mechanism and lightweight routing protocol. However, the existing ZigBee network's decentralized address allocation algorithm has significant defects: parameters such as the maximum number of child nodes, the maximum number of child routers, and the network depth of the routing node need to be pre-set before the network is generated, and the address allocation rules are strict, resulting in low address space utilization. This means that even if the address space is sufficient, some nodes are still unable to access the network due to parameter restrictions, becoming orphan nodes, which seriously affects network coverage and system scalability. For example, in the shading system of a large building, a large number of sensors, window openers and other devices need to be connected to the network. The existence of orphan nodes will cause some devices to be unable to be identified and controlled by the system, thereby affecting the intelligence and reliability of the shading system. Among the existing solutions, some methods try to solve the orphan node problem by adjusting address allocation parameters or using complex routing protocols, but there are generally problems such as poor compatibility with the ZigBee specification, increased energy consumption, or low routing efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient address allocation and routing method that is compatible with the ZigBee specification to ensure stable access and reliable communication of devices in the distributed intelligent shading system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a network management device and method for a distributed intelligent sunshade system, which solves at least one of the above problems and ensures the efficient and stable operation of the distributed intelligent sunshade system.

[0005] In the first aspect of the present invention, a network management device for a distributed intelligent shading system is provided, including a central control layer, a network layer, and a terminal device layer; The central control layer includes an industrial computer integrated with a visual human-machine control interface, which can remotely control the distributed intelligent shading system according to instructions issued by users, or remotely control the distributed intelligent shading system according to global policy decisions; a smart brain system, communicatively connected to the industrial computer, for generating global policy decisions for the distributed intelligent shading system; a building automation system (BAS system), communicatively connected to the smart brain system, and synchronizing the real-time acquired environmental data to the smart brain system so that the smart brain system generates global policy decisions based on the environmental data; The network layer includes a ZigBee coordinator for initializing system parameters and allocating addresses to nodes in the ZigBee network through a temporal address reuse algorithm; partition control boxes, distributed in each building partition, receiving sensor monitoring data, performing preliminary processing and analysis, and uniformly managing the shading devices and sensors in the partition according to the received instructions; a router for implementing the routing and forwarding functions of the ZigBee network; The terminal device layer includes shading devices that execute the opening and closing of the shading devices according to the received instructions; a sensor cluster that real-time collects environmental data and uploads it to the BAS system.

[0006] Preferably, the ZigBee coordinator allocating addresses to nodes in the ZigBee network through a temporal address reuse algorithm includes: configuring multiple beacon time slots for each router node, and each time slot corresponds to an independent address allocation space; when allocating addresses, allowing the parent node to repeatedly allocate the same network address to the child node in different beacon time slots; ensuring address uniqueness by restricting the beacon time slot selection of nodes within two-hop range of adjacent nodes. Preferably, the steps of allocating addresses specifically include: the router selects the active portion from 2 (BO-SO) time slots, where BO is the beacon order of the superframe structure in the ZigBee network, and SO is the superframe order of the superframe structure; the set of active time slots within each beacon interval is {0, 1, ⋯, k−1}, k = 2 BO−SO , the set of time slots selected by router v is S(v), and its one-hop and two-hop communication neighbor routers are N1(v) and N2(v) respectively. For each time slot i, router v maintains associated child nodes as the parent node, and the child nodes include the set of sub-routers R(v) i and the set of terminal devices E(v) i , and the child node address is A v i , where the superscript i represents the serial number of the active time slot associated with the parent node; After the coordinator starts up, it scans for available channels, selects S0 = {k - 1} as the initial active time slot, and broadcasts a beacon containing the PAN identifier and system parameters; initially, the router is in the NULL state and initializes its own set of active time slots S(v) after receiving the beacon; When a child node sends an association request to its parent node, the parent node first updates the one-hop neighbor time slot set S(N1(v)) and two-hop neighbor time slot set S(N2(v)) of the child node. The parent node can be a router or a coordinator, and the child node can be a terminal device or a router; If the number of child nodes associated with the parent node has not reached Cm, and the number of active time slots |S(v)| in the set S(v) < Bm, where Cm is the maximum number of child nodes that the parent node can associate with, and Bm is the maximum value of the available active time slots, then calculate the smallest positive integer l such that (s p - l) mod k ∉ S(N2(v)), s p is the time slot currently used by the parent node, add this time slot l to S(v), and broadcast the updated beacon; Assign an address to the child node: The address A u i = A v + Cskip(d)×∣R(v) i ∣ + 1, the address A u i = A v + Rm×Cskip(d) + ∣E(v) i ∣ + 1, where A v is the address of the parent node, d is the depth of the parent node, ∣R(v) i ∣ is the number of sub-routers already assigned by the parent node, ∣E(v) i ∣ is the number of sub-terminal devices already assigned by the parent node, Cskip(d) is the address range that each sub-router can be assigned at the current depth d; after the child node receives a successful association response, it updates its own network address A v i .

[0007] Preferably, if the child node is a router, select a time slot not used by its two-hop neighbors and add it to the child node time slot set S(u), and start broadcasting a beacon; if no available time slot can be found, send a disassociation request and rejoin the network.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes implementing end-to-end routing under time-based address multiplexing by using a lightweight, address-based tree routing based on the multicast routing request (TM-RREQ) and unicast routing reply (TU-RREP) protocols.

[0009] Preferably, the routing step specifically includes: Routing discovery phase: the source node sends a message with the destination address A in a tree-like multicast manner. dst TM-RREQ message, including the source node MAC address MAC src and the target node MAC address MAC dst After receiving TM-RREQ, if the intermediate node is the target node or has a target node route entry, it directly replies with a TU-RREP message; otherwise, if it is the ancestor node of the target node, it forwards the TM-RREQ to the child node and the parent node, and records the routing table (RT) at the same time. The entry format is (A d ,MAC d ,A s ,MAC s ,A p ,l), contains the destination address, source address, previous hop address and time slot information; Routing establishment phase: after receiving TM-RREQ, the destination node unicasts TU-RREP message along the reverse path to update the routing table of nodes along the way; the source node communicates one-to-one according to the routing table, and the data packet is forwarded only based on the network address and routing table. The MAC address is only used to uniquely identify the node in the routing discovery phase.

[0010] A second aspect of the present invention provides a network management method for a distributed intelligent sunshade system, comprising the following steps: Real-time collection and fusion of multi-source environmental data: Environmental parameters are collected in real time through sensor clusters deployed in various areas of the building, and transmitted to the intelligent brain system of the central control layer through the ZigBee network. The Kalman filter algorithm is used to remove noise and generate a standardized environmental data set; Global strategy decision and instruction generation: The central control layer processes real-time environmental data based on the preset strategy library and multi-objective optimization algorithm to generate a control instruction set containing a list of target devices, action parameters, and execution priority; Hierarchical network transmission and device collaborative control: Through the lightweight routing protocol of the ZigBee network, control instructions are hierarchically forwarded to the partition control box and terminal devices to achieve terminal device linkage control; Dynamic feedback and strategy iteration: After the terminal device executes the command, it transmits the terminal status data back through the ZigBee network. The central control layer dynamically adjusts the strategy parameters based on historical data and reinforcement learning algorithms to optimize the device control logic.

[0011] The third aspect of the present invention provides a network management device for a distributed intelligent shading system, characterized in that the device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement the above method.

[0012] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program that can be executed by a processor to implement the above method.

[0013] In a fifth aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that can be executed by a processor to implement the above method.

[0014] The network management method and device of the distributed intelligent shading system proposed by the present invention, through multi-source data fusion decision-making, ZigBee network optimization and device collaborative control technologies, effectively solve the problems of insufficient intelligent management ability and ZigBee orphan nodes in the prior art, and achieve the following remarkable beneficial effects: 1) Precise global decision-making driven by multi-source data, improving the intelligent level of the system. By integrating multi-dimensional sensors such as light, wind, rain, temperature and humidity, PM2.5, etc., a standardized environmental data set is generated in real time, supporting the rapid processing of device status data, and solving the blindness of single-parameter control in traditional systems. Multiple systems communicate in real time, receive environmental control instructions and feedback device status, realizing seamless integration of building automation systems, and significantly reducing the linkage delay compared with traditional systems.

[0015] 2) Optimize the management of the ZigBee sensor network, use the time-based address reuse algorithm to allocate addresses to ZigBee network nodes, configure multiple beacon time slots for each router node, and each time slot corresponds to an independent address allocation space; when allocating addresses, allow the parent node to repeatedly allocate the same network address to the child node in different beacon time slots; constrain the beacon time slot selection of nodes within two-hop range to ensure address uniqueness and effectively reduce orphan nodes; adopt a lightweight, time-based address reuse tree routing to achieve end-to-end routing under time-based address reuse.

[0016] 3) Standardized and extensible design, adapting to complex scenarios of large buildings. Adopt a hierarchical network architecture of central control layer - network layer - terminal device layer, and flexibly deploy based on this architecture, support multi-zone control (a single system can manage ≥9999 devices), realize cross-region communication, and adapt to the distributed deployment of large buildings. The address allocation is compatible with the ZigBee standard, and new devices are plug-and-play, effectively reducing the system expansion cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a network architecture diagram of the distributed intelligent shading system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the ZigBee address allocation process provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 3Address schematic diagram using the temporal address multiplexing algorithm provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 4 Flowchart of the distributed intelligent sunshade system management method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention Detailed implementation manners

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0019] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 It is a network architecture diagram of the distributed intelligent sunshade system provided by the present invention, including a central control layer, a network layer, and a terminal device layer.

[0020] The central control layer includes an industrial computer integrated with a visual human-machine control interface, which can remotely control the distributed intelligent sunshade system according to the instructions issued by the user, or remotely control the distributed intelligent sunshade system according to the global policy decision; a smart brain system, which is communicatively connected to the industrial computer and generates the global policy decision of the distributed intelligent sunshade system; a building automation system (BAS system), which is communicatively connected to the smart brain system and synchronizes the real-time acquired environmental data to the smart brain system so that the smart brain system can generate a global policy decision according to the environmental data.

[0021] Among them, the industrial computer selects an Advantech UNO-3083G industrial host, equipped with a 15-inch anti-glare touch screen, with high stability, high reliability, and powerful data processing capabilities. It integrates MCGS visualization configuration software, which supports real-time monitoring of the status of more than 2000 terminal devices, including sunshade devices, multi-point lock window openers, environmental sensors, etc. The administrator can remotely control the sunshade system through the visualization interface, such as single-window opening / closing, smoke-proof zone control, whole-floor control, etc., and can manually set the opening area and priority of the sunshade device, with an operation response delay of less than 50ms. At the same time, the system can display the device operation parameters in real time, such as window opening angle, motor speed, current, etc., and has a fault warning function to detect potential fault hazards in advance. In addition, it is also equipped with a log management function to store historical data, support energy consumption analysis (such as the average daily opening times of a single window, total energy consumption statistics), and generate monthly device health reports (including remaining life prediction). Through the RJ45 Ethernet interface, it communicates with the building automation system (BAS system) and the smart brain system in accordance with the MODBUS / TCP protocol to ensure the high efficiency and stability of data transmission.

[0022] The intelligent brain system is built on the Huawei Cloud EIoT platform and deployed on the edge servers of commercial complexes, with powerful data storage, processing, and analysis capabilities. It is connected to the fire alarm system (FAS system, using the Gulf fire control host) to receive smoke and temperature alarm signals in real time. Once the sensor measurement data exceeds the preset value (smoke concentration exceeds 5%obs / m or temperature exceeds 60°C), the intelligent brain system quickly generates a full-area smoke exhaust command within a short time (10ms), controls the window opener to open the window quickly, and gives priority to ensuring the unlocking of multi-point locks. Through priority queue management, it ensures that the opening action is completed within the preset time (e.g., 60s). In addition, by integrating the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity sensor data, an opening command is triggered when the temperature difference is greater than 5°C; combined with the PM2.5 sensor data, if the PM2.5 concentration exceeds 75μg / m³, the ventilation is enhanced; at the same time, according to the wind sensor data, the window is automatically closed when the wind force exceeds level 8. The particle swarm algorithm is used to calculate the optimal window opening combination. For example, according to factors such as building orientation and wind direction, it is determined that the windows on the windward side are opened at 45° and the windows on the leeward side are opened at 30°, and the strategy is updated every 10 seconds to ensure indoor air quality and comfort. According to the light sensor data, combined with the indoor and outdoor light intensity and sunshine time, the opening degree of the sunshade device is intelligently adjusted to reduce indoor glare and heat intake, and reduce air conditioning energy consumption. At the same time, during non-business hours, the sunshade device is gradually closed according to the preset schedule to achieve reasonable utilization of energy. It is connected to the BAS system (using the Honeywell building automation system) in real time to transmit various environmental data and equipment operation data for data cleaning, fusion, and analysis. The Kalman filter algorithm is used to remove the noise interference in the sensor data and generate a standardized environmental data set to provide accurate data support for the policy engine. The data middle platform is also responsible for storing historical data, mining data value through big data analysis technology, and providing a basis for the optimization and upgrade of the system. It is connected to the industrial computer through an internal high-speed local area network to ensure the real-time and high-efficiency of data interaction. The communication protocol uses the TCP / IP protocol to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data transmission.

[0023] The Building Automation System (BAS system) is responsible for collecting various environmental data in the building in real time, including temperature, humidity, light, wind, rainfall, PM2.5 and other information. Through a sensor cluster deployed in various areas of the building, such as temperature and humidity sensors (using high-precision capacitive sensors), light sensors (using silicon photovoltaic cells), wind sensors (using ultrasonic anemometers), rain sensors (using resistive rain gauges), PM2.5 sensors (using laser scattering sensors), etc., a comprehensive perception of the building environment is achieved. These sensors all have the characteristics of high precision, high reliability, low power consumption, etc., and can adapt to the complex indoor environment of commercial complexes. The collected environmental data is transmitted to the central controller of the BAS system (using a Honeywell high-integration controller) through the RS485 bus or the wireless ZigBee network, and then transmitted to the intelligent brain system via Ethernet to provide real-time and accurate data support for global policy decisions. According to the control instructions issued by the intelligent brain system, relevant equipment in the building is controlled in a coordinated manner, such as adjusting the operating parameters of the air conditioning system, controlling the start and stop of the fresh air unit, and working in coordination with the shading system to achieve comprehensive regulation of the building environment.

[0024] The network layer includes a ZigBee coordinator, which is used to initialize system parameters and allocate addresses to nodes in the ZigBee network through the temporal address multiplexing algorithm; a partition control box, which is distributed in each building partition, receives sensor monitoring data, conducts preliminary processing and analysis, and uniformly manages the shading devices and sensors in the partition according to the received instructions; and a router, which realizes the routing and forwarding function of the ZigBee network.

[0025] The ZigBee coordinator uses the CC2530 chip from Texas Instruments (TI) as the core processor, which has powerful wireless communication capabilities and low-power characteristics, and can stably support the access and data transmission of a large number of nodes. When the system starts up, the coordinator initializes the parameters of the entire ZigBee network, including setting key parameters such as network ID, channel, and communication rate, to ensure the normal operation of the network. The time-based address multiplexing algorithm is used to assign addresses to the nodes in the network, effectively improving the utilization rate of the address space, reducing the occurrence of orphan nodes, and ensuring that a large number of shading devices and sensors can stably access the network. The coordinator monitors the operating status of the nodes in the network in real time, such as signal strength and data transmission success rate, and dynamically optimizes and adjusts the network. When a node fails or has poor signal, the address is reallocated or the routing path is adjusted in a timely manner to ensure the reliability and stability of the network. The coordinator is connected to the central controller of the BAS system through the serial port (UART) to achieve data interaction and instruction transmission. At the same time, as the core node of the ZigBee network, the coordinator establishes wireless communication links with each router and terminal device to form a tree-shaped network topology, covering all areas of the commercial complex.

[0026] According to the building layout and functional zoning of the commercial complex, the zoning control boxes are distributed in the weak current wells on each floor. Each zoning control box is responsible for managing the shading devices and sensors within its own zone. For example, in a certain commercial complex, one zoning control box is set on each floor from the basement floor to the fifth floor above ground, and one zoning control box is set separately in the roof daylighting area to ensure the effective management and control of the shading devices in each area. The zoning control box receives the environmental data uploaded by the sensor cluster within its own zone in real time, such as temperature, humidity, wind force, rainfall and other information, and conducts preliminary processing and analysis to extract key data features, such as calculating the average temperature and humidity, wind force level, etc., reducing the data volume and improving the data transmission efficiency. According to the instructions issued by the central control layer received, it uniformly manages and controls the shading devices within its own zone. For example, when receiving the natural ventilation strategy instruction, it controls the electric window opener in the corresponding area to open to a specified angle, and at the same time adjusts the opening and closing degree of the intelligent curtain to achieve the effective circulation of indoor and outdoor air. The zoning control box is also responsible for monitoring the status of the devices within its own zone, such as the motor operation status of the shading devices, the working status of the sensors, etc., and timely feedbacks the device operation information to the central control layer. In case of emergencies such as communication interruption with the central control layer, the zoning control box can independently control the operation of the shading devices according to the preset local control strategy, combined with the environmental data within its own zone, to ensure the basic stability of the environment in the building. For example, when it detects that the temperature within its own zone is too high and the communication is interrupted, it automatically controls the window opener to open for ventilation and cooling, and after the communication is restored, it synchronizes the data and updates the instructions with the central control layer. The zoning control box is protected by a metal shell and has good electromagnetic compatibility and protection performance. It mainly consists of a main control board (using a high-performance microcontroller of the STM32 series), a power module (providing stable 12V and 24V power outputs), a communication module (including a ZigBee wireless communication module and an RS485 wired communication module), a relay control module (used to control the power on and off of the shading devices), etc. Each module is connected by precise wiring on the PCB board to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0027] The router selects the CC2531 chip-based ZigBee router, which has the characteristics of low power consumption, high sensitivity, large communication distance, etc. It can effectively expand the coverage of the ZigBee network, enhance the signal strength and stability of the network. The router realizes the routing and forwarding function of the ZigBee network, forwards the control instructions issued by the coordinator to the shading devices and sensors in the terminal device layer, and at the same time forwards the data uploaded by the terminal devices to the coordinator to ensure the reliable transmission of data in the network. For example, in a multi-hop network environment, the router can select the optimal routing path according to the network topology and signal strength, and transmit data from the source node to the destination node to avoid data loss and transmission delay. As a key node of the network, the router can connect more terminal devices and expand the network scale. In a large building such as a commercial complex, by reasonably deploying multiple routers, comprehensive coverage of all shading devices and sensors can be achieved to meet the scalability requirements of the system. In areas with weak signals, such as the basement and internal corridors of the building, the router can be used as a signal relay station to amplify and forward signals to ensure the continuity and stability of network communication. The router adopts a wall-mounted or rail-mounted installation method, and the installation location can be flexibly selected according to the on-site environment. It is generally installed in the weak current shaft or ceiling of the floor to ensure the stable installation of the equipment and facilitate maintenance, while avoiding affecting the aesthetics of the building.

[0028] The terminal device layer includes shading devices that execute the opening and closing of the shading devices according to the received instructions; a sensor cluster that collects environmental data in real time and uploads it to the BAS system.

[0029] The sunshade device includes an electric window opener and a smart curtain. The electric window opener adopts a large-thrust electric screw-type window opener or an electric multi-point lock window opener. The electric window openers are symmetrically installed on both sides of the window to ensure uniform force around the window and avoid window deformation or damage caused by uneven force. In the atrium daylighting roof area of the commercial complex, they are installed in the way of configuring one electric window opener and one set of multi-point lock window openers for each window; in the area of the exterior wall windows, the number of window openers is reasonably configured according to the size and opening method of the windows to ensure that the windows can be opened and closed normally. For example, for large floor-to-ceiling windows, the double-window opener synchronous opening method is adopted to ensure the opening force and stability. The electric window opener can be closely linked with the fire protection system. By accessing the FAS system, automatic smoke exhaust during a fire can be achieved. When the fire alarm signal is triggered, the electric window opener can quickly open the window within 60s to ensure the smoothness of the smoke exhaust channel. The window opener has a built-in synchronization mechanism, and the synchronization error during the opening / closing process is less than 1mm. When one driver fails and stops, the other driver can stop running within 1 second to prevent damage to the window. At the same time, it has a flexible window closing function. When the window is about to close in place, the window opener automatically decelerates and reduces the force to avoid damage to the window or the driving equipment caused by excessive tension force, and has a function of rebounding when closing in place to ensure uniform sealing of the rubber strip and meet the requirements of the airtightness and watertightness of the window. According to the natural ventilation strategy instructions issued by the intelligent brain system, it is linked with the multi-point lock window opener to open and close in real time. The opening / closing action information is accurately communicated and linked to ensure that the screw-type window opener starts to open the window only after the multi-point lock window opener is unlocked in place; after the screw-type window opener closes the window in place, the multi-point lock window opener then performs the window locking operation, eliminating the possibility of window damage or improper window closing caused by linkage in terms of time or overcurrent mode, and effectively ensuring the normal service life and use safety of the window. The smart curtain selects a smart curtain motor with ZigBee wireless communication function, supports multiple opening and closing modes (such as left-right opening and closing, up-down opening and closing, etc.), and has the characteristics of low noise, high torque, and stable operation, and can adapt to different types of curtains, such as fabric curtains, venetian blinds, etc. Smart curtains are installed on the windows in places such as offices, meeting rooms, and dining areas in the commercial complex. According to the size of the windows and the type of curtains, the appropriate curtain motor model and installation method are selected. For example, a left-right opening and closing smart curtain motor is installed on large floor-to-ceiling windows, and an up-down opening and closing motor is installed on small windows to ensure that the curtains can be opened and closed normally without occupying too much indoor space. By receiving the control instructions issued by the network layer, remote opening, closing, and pausing operations of the curtains can be achieved. It is linked with the environmental light sensor to automatically adjust the opening and closing degree of the curtains according to the indoor light intensity. For example, when the indoor light is too strong, the curtains are automatically closed; when the light is moderate, the curtains are opened to create a comfortable indoor light environment. At the same time, it supports the timing control function, and the opening and closing times of the curtains can be preset according to the business schedule of the commercial complex to achieve intelligent management.

[0030] The sensor cluster includes temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors, wind sensors, rain sensors, PM2.5 sensors, etc. The temperature and humidity sensors adopt high-precision capacitive temperature and humidity sensors, which have the characteristics of fast response and good long-term stability, and can monitor the temperature and humidity changes indoors and outdoors in real time. The light sensors select silicon photovoltaic cell light sensors, which can accurately sense the ambient light intensity and provide data support for the linkage control of intelligent curtains and lighting systems. The wind sensors adopt ultrasonic anemometers, which have the advantages of good real-time performance and no mechanical wear, can accurately measure the outdoor wind force and direction, and provide key data for natural ventilation strategies. The rain sensors adopt resistive rain gauges, which can detect rainfall in real time, convert the rainfall signal into an electrical signal and upload it to the BAS system, providing a basis for the closing control of windows. The PM2.5 sensors use laser scattering PM2.5 sensors, which can accurately monitor the PM2.5 concentration in indoor air quality and provide data support for the linkage control of natural ventilation and air purification equipment.

[0031] The sensor cluster is distributed in each area of the commercial complex at reasonable intervals to ensure that environmental data can be collected comprehensively and accurately. For example, temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors and PM2.5 sensors are installed in different orientations and functional areas such as corridors, lobbies and offices on each floor; wind sensors and rain sensors are installed on the outer facade and roof daylighting roof of the building. Each sensor is installed on the wall or ceiling through a guide rail or in a wall-mounted installation method to ensure stable installation without affecting the building aesthetics and normal use. The sensors collect environmental data in real time and upload it to the corresponding partition control box through ZigBee wireless communication. Each sensor node in the ZigBee network has a unique network address to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data transmission. After the partition control box preliminarily processes the received data, it is then transmitted to the intelligent brain system through the BAS system to provide data support for global policy decision-making.

[0032] In the above system, the ZigBee coordinator uses the temporal address reuse algorithm to assign addresses to the nodes in the network. In this algorithm, multiple beacon time slots are configured for each router node, and each time slot corresponds to an independent address allocation space. The parent node is allowed to reassign the same network address to the child node in different beacon time slots, and at the same time, by restricting the beacon time slot selection of the nodes within two-hop range of adjacent nodes, the uniqueness of the address is ensured.

[0033] Figure 2 shows an example of ZigBee address allocation. ZigBee router x has a potential parent node y, but router y cannot accept x as a child because it has reached the maximum child node capacity Cm = 4, resulting in x becoming an orphan node. As the network scale expands, the orphan problem will be exacerbated due to nodes being unable to associate. Our address allocation scheme alleviates this problem by allowing routers to allocate the same address (time - multiplexed address) to child nodes in different active portions. Specifically, a router can select multiple active portions and allocate the same address to child nodes in each active portion, enabling more orphan nodes to successfully associate with the network through different active portions. To ensure the uniqueness of addresses within the communication range, the following rules need to be followed: the same router cannot allocate the same address to its one - hop child nodes in the same active time slot; for any node v, there cannot be nodes using the same address in the same time slot within its two - hop communication range. For this purpose, we define the maximum number of active portions Bm that a router can use, and achieve time - multiplexing of addresses by ensuring that routers within two hops do not use the same active portion.

[0034] Similar to ZigBee address allocation, a router can have Cm child nodes (including Rm sub - routers and Cm−Rm sub - end devices) in each active portion, and the i - th sub - router / end device in different active portions will be allocated the same address. Through this address multiplexing, even if multiple nodes are allocated the same network address, as long as they are in different active portions and meet the two - hop address uniqueness rule, they can still communicate normally. In summary, we propose an address allocation scheme that is fully compatible with ZigBee, significantly reducing orphan nodes through time - multiplexing, and designing a lightweight tree - shaped routing to support communication in an address - multiplexing environment.

[0035] We know that BO is the beacon order of the superframe structure in the ZigBee network, and SO is the superframe order of the superframe structure. Once the value of BO−SO is determined, a router can select active portions from 2 (BO−SO) time slots. To avoid interference, the active portions (outgoing superframes) of adjacent routers need to be staggered from each other. Let the set of active time slots within each beacon interval be {0, 1, ⋯, k−1} (k = 2 BO −SO ), the set of time slots selected by router v be S(v), and its one - hop and two - hop communication neighbor routers be N1(v) and N2(v) respectively. For each time slot i, router v maintains the sets of associated sub - routers and end devices R(v) i and E(v) i , and the child node address be A v i , where the superscript i represents the active time slot number associated with the parent node.

[0036] Initially, except that the coordinator sets S0 = {k−1} and broadcasts a beacon to start the network, all other router variables are NULL. To ensure address uniqueness and avoid beacon conflicts, each router can only select a time slot not used by its two-hop neighbors and carry the time slot set S(N1(v)) of its one-hop neighbors through the beacon. The specific address allocation process is as follows: Node association request: When node u sends an association request to router v, v first updates the time slot sets S(N1(v)) and S(N2(v)) of its one-hop and two-hop neighbors. If the number of sub-routers / terminal devices of v does not reach Rm or Cm−Rm, and the number of available active parts does not reach Bm, then calculate the smallest positive integer l such that (s p −l) mod k ∉ S(N2(v)), add this time slot to S(v) and broadcast a beacon.

[0037] Association response: v assigns an address to u (sub-router: A u i = A v + Cskip(d) × |R(v) i | + 1; terminal device: A u i = A v + Rm × Cskip(d) + |E(v) i | + 1), updates the association set and replies with an association response, where Cskip(d) is used to calculate the starting address of the child node address pool, d is the depth of the parent node, and the calculation method is .

[0038] Node joins the network: After node u receives a successful association response, it updates its own network address A v i . If u is a router, it needs to select a time slot not used by its two-hop neighbors and add it to the child node time slot set S(u), and start broadcasting beacons; if no available time slot can be found, it sends a disassociation request and rejoins the network.

[0039] Figure 3 shows an example of network formation for this address allocation scheme. Node x obtains the network address Ax in the y-th active part of its parent node. By allowing routers to select multiple active parts (e.g., S(u) = {k−6, k−2}), more nodes can successfully associate, reducing orphan nodes.

[0040] In an address multiplexing environment, a lightweight, address-based tree routing is proposed and implemented through the following two stages: Route Discovery phase: The source node sends a tree multicast with the destination address A dstThe TM-RREQ message contains the MAC address of the source node MAC src and the MAC address of the destination node MAC dst ; After receiving the TM-RREQ, if the intermediate node is the destination node or already has a routing entry for the destination node, it directly replies with a TU-RREP message; otherwise, if it is an ancestor node of the destination node, it forwards the TM-RREQ to its child nodes and parent nodes, and at the same time records the routing table (RT), with the entry format (A d , MAC d , A s , MAC s , A p , l), which contains the destination address, source address, previous hop address, and time slot information.

[0041] Routing establishment phase (Routing): After receiving the TM-RREQ, the destination node unicasts a TU-RREP message along the reverse path to update the routing tables of the nodes along the way; the source node performs one-to-one communication based on the routing table, and the data packets are forwarded only based on the network address and the routing table, and the MAC address is only used to uniquely identify the node during the routing discovery phase.

[0042] During the routing process, different nodes with the same network address are distinguished by introducing the MAC address, and this routing scheme can still route correctly in an address reuse environment.

[0043] In this embodiment, by integrating multi-dimensional sensors, a standardized environmental data set is generated in real time to support the rapid processing of device status data, solving the blindness of single-parameter control in traditional systems. Multiple systems communicate in real time, receive environmental control instructions and feedback device status, realizing seamless integration of building automation systems, and significantly reducing the linkage delay compared with traditional systems. The time-based address reuse algorithm is used to allocate addresses to ZigBee network nodes, and multiple beacon time slots are configured for each router node, and each time slot corresponds to an independent address allocation space; when allocating addresses, the parent node is allowed to re-allocate the same network address to the child node in different beacon time slots; the beacon time slot selection of nodes within the range of adjacent two hops is restricted to ensure address uniqueness and effectively reduce orphan nodes; a lightweight, time-based address reuse tree-like routing is adopted to achieve end-to-end routing under time-based address reuse.

[0044] Embodiment 2: As Figure 4 shown, this embodiment provides a network management method for a distributed intelligent shading system, including the following steps: S1. Real-time collection and fusion of multi-source environmental data: Environmental parameters are collected in real time by sensor clusters deployed in various areas of the building, transmitted to the intelligent brain system of the central control layer through the ZigBee network, and the Kalman filtering algorithm is used to remove noise and generate a standardized environmental data set.

[0045] Sensor clusters are deployed in various areas of the commercial complex (offices, meeting rooms, corridors, lobbies, etc.) to collect environmental parameters in real time. For example, temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors, and PM2.5 sensors are deployed in the office area to monitor the indoor environmental quality; wind sensors and rain sensors are deployed on the building facade and roof daylighting domes to monitor the outdoor environment. The sensors transmit the data to the BAS system through the ZigBee network, and the BAS system then synchronizes the data to the intelligent brain system. The ZigBee network adopts a tree topology to ensure the reliability and stability of data transmission. The intelligent brain system uses the Kalman filtering algorithm to remove noise and generate a standardized environmental data set. For example, the data of the temperature and humidity sensors are filtered to remove outliers and obtain accurate indoor temperature and humidity data.

[0046] S2. Global policy decision-making and instruction generation: The central control layer processes the real-time environmental data based on a preset policy library and a multi-objective optimization algorithm to generate a control instruction set containing a list of target devices, action parameters, and execution priorities.

[0047] A policy library containing fire exhaust strategies, natural ventilation strategies, and energy-saving strategies is established. When the smoke concentration exceeds 5%obs / m or the temperature exceeds 60°C, a full-area exhaust instruction is generated. Based on the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity difference, PM2.5 concentration, and wind data, the optimal window opening combination is calculated. The opening and closing degree of the sunshade device is adjusted according to the light intensity to reduce the air-conditioning energy consumption. According to the real-time environmental data, a control instruction set is generated using a multi-objective optimization algorithm. For example, when the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is greater than 5°C and the wind force is less than 8 levels, the windows are preferentially opened for natural ventilation; at the same time, the opening and closing degree of the curtains is adjusted according to the light intensity to reduce indoor glare and heat intake.

[0048] S3. Hierarchical network transmission and device collaborative control: Through the lightweight routing protocol of the ZigBee network, the control instructions are forwarded layer by layer to the partition control box and terminal devices to achieve the linkage control of the terminal devices.

[0049] The central control layer forwards the control instructions layer by layer to the partition control box through the lightweight routing protocol of the ZigBee network, and then the partition control box forwards them to the terminal devices. For example, when the central control layer generates an instruction to open the window, it forwards it to the partition control box in the corresponding area through the network layer, and the partition control box then forwards the instruction to the specific electric window opener. The terminal device performs corresponding actions according to the received instructions. For example, the electric window opener opens or closes the window according to the instruction; the intelligent curtain adjusts the opening degree according to the instruction.

[0050] S4. Dynamic feedback and policy iteration: After the terminal device executes the instruction, it transmits the terminal status data back through the ZigBee network. The central control layer dynamically adjusts the policy parameters based on historical data and reinforcement learning algorithms to optimize the device control logic.

[0051] After the terminal device executes the instruction, it transmits the status data back to the central control layer through the ZigBee network. For example, the electric window opener transmits data such as the opening angle and operating status of the window to the partition control box, and the partition control box then forwards the data to the central control layer. The central control layer dynamically adjusts the policy parameters based on historical data and reinforcement learning algorithms to optimize the device control logic. For example, according to the light and temperature change rules at different times, it optimizes the opening and closing times of the sunshade device to improve the energy-saving effect and comfort of the system.

[0052] The network management method of the distributed intelligent sunshade system in this embodiment enables the system to adjust the status of the sunshade device in real time according to multi-source data, significantly improving the intelligent level of the building; by generating global policy decisions, it realizes the linkage control of terminal devices, achieving technical effects such as energy saving, fire protection, and ventilation performance optimization.

[0053] Embodiment Three: This embodiment provides a network management device for a distributed intelligent sunshade system. The device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement the above method.

[0054] Embodiment Four: This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement the above method.

[0055] Embodiment Five: This embodiment provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement the above method.

[0056] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and thus do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall similarly be included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A network management device for a distributed intelligent sunshade system, characterized in that, It includes a central control layer, a network layer, and a terminal device layer; The central control layer includes an industrial computer integrated with a visual human-machine control interface, which can remotely control the distributed intelligent shading system according to the instructions issued by the user or remotely control the distributed intelligent shading system according to the global policy decision; a smart brain system, communicatively connected to the industrial computer, for generating the global policy decision of the distributed intelligent shading system; a building automation system (BAS system), communicatively connected to the smart brain system, for synchronizing the real-time acquired environmental data to the smart brain system so that the smart brain system can generate the global policy decision according to the environmental data; The network layer includes a ZigBee coordinator for initializing system parameters and allocating addresses to the nodes in the ZigBee network through a temporal address reuse algorithm; Partition control boxes, which are distributed in each building partition, receive the sensor monitoring data, perform preliminary processing and analysis, and uniformly manage the shading devices and sensors in the partition according to the received instructions; routers, which implement the routing and forwarding function of the ZigBee network; The terminal device layer includes shading devices, which execute the opening and closing of the shading devices according to the received instructions; a sensor cluster, which collects environmental data in real time and uploads it to the BAS system.

2. The network management device of the distributed intelligent sunshade system according to claim 1, wherein, The ZigBee coordinator allocates addresses to the nodes in the ZigBee network through a temporal address reuse algorithm, including: configuring multiple beacon time slots for each router node, and each time slot corresponds to an independent address allocation space; when allocating addresses, allowing the parent node to repeatedly allocate the same network address to the child node in different beacon time slots; ensuring address uniqueness by restricting the beacon time slot selection of nodes within the range of adjacent two hops.

3. The network management device of the distributed intelligent sunshade system according to claim 2, wherein the step of allocating addresses specifically includes: The router selects the active part from 2 (BO-SO) time slots, where BO is the beacon order of the superframe structure in the ZigBee network, and SO is the superframe order of the superframe structure; the set of active time slots within each beacon interval is {0, 1, ⋯, k−1}, and k = 2 BO-SO . The set of time slots selected by router v is S(v), and its one-hop and two-hop communication neighbor routers are N1(v) and N2(v) respectively. For each time slot i, router v maintains the associated child nodes as the parent node, and the child nodes include the set of child routers R(v) i and the set of terminal devices E(v) i . The address of the child node is A v i , where the superscript i represents the serial number of the active time slot associated with the parent node; After the coordinator is started, it scans the available channels, selects S0={k - 1} as the initial active time slot, and broadcasts a beacon containing the PAN identifier and system parameters; the router is initially in the NULL state and initializes its own active time slot set S(v) after receiving the beacon; When the child node sends an association request to the parent node, the parent node first updates the one-hop neighbor time slot set S(N1(v)) and the two-hop neighbor time slot set S(N2(v)) of the child node. The parent node is a router or a coordinator, and the child node is a terminal device or a router; If the number of child nodes associated with the parent node does not reach Cm, and the number of active time slots |S(v)| in the set S(v) < Bm, where Cm is the maximum number of child nodes that the parent node can associate with, and Bm is the maximum value of the available active time slots, then calculate the smallest positive integer l such that (s p - l) mod k ∉ S(N2(v)), s p is the time slot currently used by the parent node, add the time slot l to S(v), and broadcast the updated beacon; Assigning an address to a child node: When the child node is a child router, the child node address A v i = A v + Cskip(d) × ∣R(v) i ∣ + 1. When the child node is a child terminal device, the child node address A v i = A v + Rm × Cskip(d) + ∣E(v) i ∣ + 1, where A v is the parent node address, d is the parent node depth, ∣R(v) i ∣ is the number of child routers already assigned to the parent node, ∣E(v) i ∣ is the number of child terminal devices already assigned to the parent node, Cskip(d) is the address range that can be assigned to each child router at the current depth d; after the child node receives a successful association response, it updates its own network address A v i .

4. The network management device of the distributed intelligent sunshade system according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the child node is a router, it selects a time slot not used by its two-hop neighbors to join the child node time slot set S(u) and starts broadcasting a beacon; if no available time slot can be found, it sends a disassociation request and rejoins the network.

5. The network management device of the distributed intelligent sunshade system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a protocol based on multicast routing request (TM-RREQ) and unicast routing reply (TU-RREP), which adopts a lightweight, address-based tree-like routing to achieve end-to-end routing under temporal address reuse.

6. The network management device of the distributed intelligent sunshade system according to claim 3, characterized in that The routing steps specifically include: Routing discovery phase: The source node sends a multicast message with the destination address A in a tree-like manner. dst TM-RREQ message, including the source node MAC address MAC src and the target node MAC address MAC dst After receiving TM-RREQ, if the intermediate node is the target node or has a target node route entry, it directly replies with a TU-RREP message; otherwise, if it is the ancestor node of the target node, it forwards the TM-RREQ to the child node and the parent node, and records the routing table (RT) at the same time. The entry format is (A d ,MAC d ,A s ,MAC s ,A p ,l), contains the destination address, destination MAC address, source address, source MAC address, previous hop address and time slot information; Routing establishment phase: after receiving TM-RREQ, the destination node unicasts TU-RREP message along the reverse path to update the routing table of nodes along the way; the source node communicates one-to-one according to the routing table, and the data packet is forwarded only based on the network address and routing table. The MAC address is only used to uniquely identify the node in the routing discovery phase.

7. A management method based on the device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Real-time collection and fusion of multi-source environmental data: The environmental parameters are collected in real time by the sensor cluster deployed in each area of the building, transmitted to the smart brain system of the central control layer through the ZigBee network, and the Kalman filtering algorithm is used to remove noise and generate a standardized environmental data set; Global Policy Decision and Instruction Generation: The central control layer processes real-time environmental data based on a preset policy library and a multi-objective optimization algorithm to generate a control instruction set including a target device list, action parameters, and execution priorities; Hierarchical Network Transmission and Device Cooperative Control: Through the lightweight routing protocol of the ZigBee network, the control instructions are forwarded layer by layer to the partition control box and terminal devices to achieve linkage control of terminal devices; Dynamic Feedback and Policy Iteration: After the terminal devices execute the instructions, the terminal status data is transmitted back through the ZigBee network. The central control layer dynamically adjusts the policy parameters based on historical data and a reinforcement learning algorithm to optimize the device control logic.

8. A network management device for a distributed intelligent sunshade system, characterized in that, The device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement the method as claimed in claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement the method as claimed in claim 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement the method as claimed in claim 7.

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