Rotary tillage and bottom modification integrated device for continuous cropping of crabs and wheat

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rotary tillage and bottom modification, and discloses a rotary tillage and bottom modification integrated device for continuous cropping of crabs and wheat, the rotary tillage and bottom modification integrated device comprises a traction device, a device body, a crushing mechanism and an improvement mechanism, the traction device is connected with the device body and draws the device to move, and the crushing mechanism is used for crushing soil blocks in a field; and the improved mechanism can be synchronously started when the crushing mechanism operates, and is used for bottom modification operation. Traveling power can be provided through the traction equipment, and the crushing mechanism and the improvement mechanism can be synchronously started in the traveling process to conduct rotary tillage and bottom improvement operation on a field; and secondly, the improvement mechanism capable of telescopically adjusting the height is utilized, the requirements of pool bottom improvement operation under different water levels can be met, and finally, a guiding feeding notch is formed in the soil breaker and an arc shape and can be matched with a crushing mechanism to crush soil blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rotary tillage soil modification, and in particular to an integrated rotary tillage soil modification device for crab-wheat continuous cropping. Background Art

[0002] The crab-wheat intercropping system has an annual cycle of "harvesting crabs in October - planting wheat in November - harvesting wheat in May - raising crabs in June", and requires that the land preparation, soil modification, and watering be completed within 7 days after wheat harvest.

[0003] Traditional operations require the implementation of rotary tillage (loosening the soil), spreading of biological soil modifiers (improving soil quality), and returning straw to the field (improving fertility) in steps, which have the following pain points:

[0004] 1. Time window compression: The interval between wheat harvesting and crab seedling release is ≤ 7 days, and step-by-step operations are difficult to meet timeliness requirements;

[0005] 2. Labor cost: Rotary tillage and soil modification require two sets of equipment and operators, which increases the average cost per mu.

[0006] Limitations of existing technologies:

[0007] Single-function agricultural machinery is not adaptable enough and cannot perform both rotary tillage and soil modification operations at the same time, which requires manual operations to be performed separately, greatly increasing operating costs. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a rotary tillage bottom reforming integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping.

[0009] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical scheme: a rotary tillage bottom improvement integrated device for crab-wheat continuous cropping comprises a traction device, a device body, a crushing mechanism and an improvement mechanism.

[0010] Among them, the traction equipment is connected to the device body, and pulls the device to move. The crushing mechanism is used to crush the soil blocks in the field, and the improvement mechanism can be started synchronously when the crushing mechanism is in operation. The improvement mechanism is used for bottom improvement operations.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a traction head is fixedly connected to the middle part of one side of the device body, the traction head is connected to the traction equipment, and two feeding slots are symmetrically opened on the outer wall of the traction head facing the traction equipment. The feeding slots are arc-shaped, and the feeding slots are gradually bent upward from the traction equipment to the outer wall on the other side of the shell body, and are used to guide the soil to the feeding slot when the traction equipment moves. Side plates are fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the shell body, and moving wheels are rotatably connected to the two side plates.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, the crushing mechanism includes a motor fixedly connected to the top end of the housing. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear. Both sides of the top end of the housing are fixedly connected with rotating sleeve blocks. Both rotating sleeve blocks are rotatably connected with rotating rods. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod. The first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, a plurality of cams are fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the rotating rod in sequence and evenly. And the cams located in the same feeding trough opening are arranged with evenly changing angles.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above solution, mounting frames are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the top end of the housing directly above the feeding trough openings. A plurality of springs are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two mounting frames. The bottom ends of the plurality of springs are all fixedly connected with sliding plates. An activity frame is opened in the middle of each sliding plate. Each activity frame is abutted against the corresponding cam. The bottom end of each sliding plate is fixedly connected with a crushing blade. The crushing blades are arranged parallel to the traveling direction of the traction device. And both sides of the crushing blade are provided with pointed ends. Positioning plates are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two feeding trough openings. A plurality of groups of protrusions are fixedly connected in both positioning plates. Each group of protrusions is vertically slidably connected with the outer wall of the sliding plate.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above solution, the improvement mechanism includes cylinders symmetrically and fixedly connected to both sides of the feeding trough opening. The bottom ends of the two cylinders are both vertically slidably connected with movable cylinders. A first sealing rubber ring is arranged at the connection between the bottom ends of the two cylinders and the inner walls of the movable cylinders. Through holes are opened in the outer walls of the two cylinders. And a feeding pipe is obliquely and downwardly fixedly connected at the through hole. Ring blocks are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two movable cylinders.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above solution, a hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the top ends of the two mounting frames. The top end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate. Both sides of the connecting plate extend and are fixedly connected with one side of the ring block to be used for adjusting and adapting the vertical height of the movable cylinder.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above solution, detachable screens are symmetrically connected to the outer walls of the two housings. The screens are located directly below the feeding pipes and are used for filtering the sludge at the bottom of the pool.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above solution, a plug plate is vertically slidably connected to the inner walls of the two cylinders. A second sealing rubber ring is arranged at the connection between the outer wall of the plug plate and the inner wall of the cylinder. A round hole is opened in the middle of the bottom end of the plug plate. An air vent block is fixedly connected to the plug plate directly above the round hole. Communication holes are evenly opened in the outer wall of the air vent block. The communication holes are communicated with the round hole. A valve plate is arranged at the round hole below the plug plate. The valve plate is only used to open when the plug plate moves vertically downward and remains closed when the plug plate moves upward to ensure the extraction of the water body and sludge at the bottom of the pool.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above solution, sliding holes are respectively formed on both sides of the two mounting brackets, and a first vertical rod is vertically slidably connected in each of the two sliding holes. The bottom ends of the two first vertical rods are fixedly connected to the top end of one of the sliding plates, so as to synchronously start the improvement mechanism when the equipment performs crushing operations. The top ends of the two first vertical rods are fixedly connected with top plates, and second vertical rods are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the two top plates. The bottom ends of the two second vertical rods are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the ventilation block, so as to pull the plug plate to slide vertically back and forth.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above solution, control of the ring ditch and the water level gradient of the field surface:

[0021] Depth of the ring ditch: Keep it at 0.3 - 0.7 meters during the temporary rearing stage, and increase it to 0.4 - 0.8 meters during the adult crab farming period.

[0022] Depth of water on the field surface: The first water filling is 0.1 meter (about 10 cm) after wheat harvesting, and it is gradually deepened according to the growth of aquatic plants in the later stage.

[0023] Vertical height difference: The distance from the field surface to the water surface of the ring ditch should be ≥ 0.2 meters (to prevent seepage from the field surface from affecting the temporary rearing area).

[0024] Stage water level management:

[0025] Temporary rearing period of crab fry (February - May): The depth of the ring ditch is 0.3 - 0.4 meters (maintaining the water temperature at 18 - 22 °C).

[0026] Wheat growth period (November - May): Keep the field surface in a dry farming state (water level is 0).

[0027] Adult crab farming period (June - October): The water level of the whole pond is 0.8 - 1.2 meters (including the ring ditch and the field surface).

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] (1) The present invention uses a traction device to provide traveling power, and during the traveling process, the crushing mechanism and the improvement mechanism can be synchronously started to perform rotary tillage and bottom improvement operations on the field.

[0030] (2) The present invention uses an improvement mechanism with adjustable height that can be telescoped, which can meet the needs of pond bottom improvement operations at different water level heights.

[0031] (3) The present invention uses a detachable screen to clean it quickly.

[0032] (4) The present invention uses a soil breaker and an inlet chute with an arc-shaped setting to cooperate with the crushing mechanism to crush soil blocks. Brief description of the drawings

[0033] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab-wheat continuous cropping provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structural details of the crushing mechanism therein;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the improvement mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structural details of the improvement mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Main symbol description:

[0040] 1. Housing; 2. Feeding trough; 3. Towing head; 4. Side plate; 5. Moving wheel; 6. Positioning plate; 7. Protrusion; 8. Slide plate; 9. Crushing blade; 10. Movable frame; 11. Mounting frame; 12. Spring; 13. Cam; 14. Rotating rod; 15. First bevel gear; 16. Motor; 17. Second bevel gear; 18. Slide hole; 19. First vertical rod; 20. Top plate; 21. Cylinder; 22. Movable cylinder; 23. Ring block; 24. Connecting plate; 25. Hydraulic rod; 26. Second vertical rod; 27. Ventilation block; 28. Plug plate; 29. Valve plate; 30. Feed pipe; 31. Screen. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] Next, in combination with the drawings and specific implementation manners, the present invention will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, any combination of the following-described embodiments or technical features can form a new embodiment.

[0042] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1-4 , the rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab-wheat continuous cropping in this embodiment includes a traction device (not shown), a device body, a crushing mechanism, and an improvement mechanism, wherein the traction device includes but is not limited to agricultural tractor equipment.

[0043] Among them, the traction device is connected to the device body and tow the device to move. The crushing mechanism is used to crush the soil blocks in the field, and when the crushing mechanism operates, the improvement mechanism can be started synchronously. The improvement mechanism is used for bottom improvement operations.

[0044] In the middle of one side of the device body, a towing head 3 is fixedly connected. The towing head 3 is connected to a towing device. On the outer wall of the towing head 3 facing the direction of the towing device, two feeding trough openings 2 are symmetrically arranged. The feeding trough openings 2 are arc-shaped. And the feeding trough openings 2 are gradually bent upward from the towing device to the outer wall of the other side of the housing 1. Below the outer wall of the housing 1 facing the direction of the towing device, there is an earth-breaking device made of arc-shaped iron (not shown), which is used to guide the soil to the feeding trough openings 2 when moving along with the towing device. On the outer walls of both sides of the housing 1, side plates 4 are respectively fixedly connected. Moving wheels 5 are rotatably connected to both side plates 4.

[0045] A crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism includes a motor 16 fixedly connected to the top end of the housing 1. The output end of the motor 16 is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear 17. On both sides of the top end of the housing 1, rotating sleeve blocks are fixedly connected. Two rotating sleeve blocks are rotatably connected with a rotating rod 14. On the outer wall of the rotating rod 14, a first bevel gear 15 is fixedly connected. The first bevel gear 15 is meshed with the second bevel gear 17. On the outer walls on both sides of the rotating rod 14, a plurality of cams 13 are sequentially and evenly fixedly connected. And the cams 13 located in the same feeding trough opening 2 are arranged with a uniform angular change. Specifically, the cams 13 at the two ends in the same feeding trough opening 2 have a rotational change difference of 180°. The remaining cams 13 in the middle of the cams 13 at both ends will have an angular change according to the quantity. For example, if the number of cams 13 in the middle is N, then the cams 13 in the middle will have an angular change of 180° / (N + 1) in sequence, which is used to make a certain distance difference in the vertical reciprocation of a plurality of crushing blades 9, so as to improve the crushing effect on soil blocks; On both sides of the top end of the housing 1, above the feeding trough openings 2, mounting frames 11 are respectively fixedly connected. At the bottom ends of the two mounting frames 11, a plurality of springs 12 are evenly fixedly connected. At the bottom ends of the plurality of springs 12, a slide plate 8 is fixedly connected. In the middle of each slide plate 8, an activity frame 10 is opened. Each activity frame 10 is abutted against the corresponding cam 13. At the bottom end of each slide plate 8, a crushing blade 9 is fixedly connected. The crushing blades 9 are arranged parallel to the traveling direction of the towing device. And both sides of the crushing blade 9 are provided with pointed ends. Specifically, the length of each crushing blade 9 is adapted to the inner wall of the feeding trough opening 2, so as not to cause interference with the inner wall of the feeding trough opening 2 when the crushing blade 9 slides vertically; On the inner walls of the two feeding trough openings 2, positioning plates 6 are fixedly connected. In the two positioning plates 6, multiple groups of protrusions 7 are fixedly connected. Each group of protrusions 7 is slidably connected vertically with the outer wall of the slide plate 8.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the implementation principle of the rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping is as follows:

[0047] Connect the housing 1 to the traction equipment using the towing head 3. After moving it to the field area, start the traction equipment and pull the entire housing 1 to travel relying on the moving wheels 5. The earth breaker guides the soil clods to the feeding chute openings 2 on both sides. At the same time, start the motor 16. Under the meshing connection of the second bevel gear 17 and the first bevel gear 15, the rotating rod 14 rotates and cooperates with the abutment between the cam 13 and the movable frame 10. Under the elastic push of a plurality of springs 12, synchronously, a plurality of sliding plates 8 reciprocate vertically up and down in the feeding chute openings 2 to crush the soil clods, and the arc-shaped setting of the feeding chute openings 2 is used to drop the crushed soil clods back into the field at the end of the traveling direction.

[0048] Embodiment 2: Combining Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, the further improvement of this embodiment lies in:

[0049] The improvement mechanism includes cylinders 21 symmetrically and fixedly connected to both sides of the feeding chute opening 2. At the bottom ends of the two cylinders 21, movable cylinders 22 are vertically slidably connected. At the connection between the bottom ends of the two cylinders 21 and the inner walls of the movable cylinders 22, a first sealing rubber ring is provided. On the outer walls of the two cylinders 21, holes are opened, and at the holes, feeding pipes 30 are fixedly connected obliquely downward. On the outer walls of the two movable cylinders 22, ring blocks 23 are fixedly connected; at the top ends of the two mounting frames 11, a hydraulic rod 25 is fixedly connected. At the top end of the hydraulic rod 25, a connecting plate 24 is fixedly connected. Both sides of the connecting plate 24 extend and are fixedly connected to one side of the ring block 23, so as to adjust and adapt to the vertical height of the movable cylinder 22 to meet the requirements of bottom improvement operations in different states; on the outer walls of the two shells 1, detachable screens 31 are symmetrically connected. Specifically, the screens 31 can be quickly disassembled and assembled by means of snap connection, etc. The screens 31 are located directly below the feeding pipes 30 and are used to filter the sludge at the bottom of the pond; in the inner walls of the two cylinders 21, plug plates 28 are vertically slidably connected. At the connection between the outer wall of the plug plate 28 and the inner wall of the cylinder 21, a second sealing rubber ring is provided. In the middle of the bottom end of the plug plate 28, a round hole is opened. Above the round hole on the plug plate 28, a ventilation block 27 is fixedly connected. The outer wall of the ventilation block 27 is evenly provided with communication holes, and the communication holes are communicated with the round hole. Below the plug plate 28, a valve plate 29 is provided at the round hole. The valve plate 29 is only used to open when the plug plate 28 moves vertically downward and remains closed when the plug plate 28 moves upward, so as to ensure the extraction of the water body and sludge at the bottom of the pond. On both sides of the two mounting frames 11, sliding holes 18 are opened, and in the two sliding holes 18, vertical rods 19 are vertically slidably connected. The bottom ends of the two vertical rods 19 are fixedly connected to the top end of one of the sliding plates 8, so as to synchronously start the improvement mechanism when the equipment performs crushing operations. The top ends of the two vertical rods 19 are fixedly connected to top plates 20. On the outer sides of the two top plates 20, vertical rods 26 are fixedly connected. The bottom ends of the two vertical rods 26 are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the ventilation block 27, so as to pull the plug plate 28 to slide vertically back and forth reciprocally.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the implementation principle of the rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping is as follows:

[0051] As the sliding plate 8 fixedly connected to the vertical rod 19 moves vertically back and forth, the plug plate 28 will be pulled by the top plate 20 and the vertical rod 26 to slide vertically back and forth synchronously along the inner wall of the cylinder 21. When the plug plate 28 rises, the valve plate 29 closes, and when the plug plate 28 descends, the valve plate 29 expands, so that the bottom surface of the movable cylinder 22 that slides to an appropriate height contacts the bottom of the pond. Thus, the sludge at the bottom of the pond is finally drawn into the screen 31 through the feeding pipe 30, realizing the simultaneous progress of rotary tillage and bottom improvement and effectively improving the operation efficiency of the equipment.

[0052] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantive changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping, characterized in that, It includes a traction device, a device body, a crushing mechanism and an improvement mechanism; Among them, the traction device is connected to the device body and used to tow the device for movement. The crushing mechanism is used to crush the soil clods in the field, and when the crushing mechanism operates, the improvement mechanism can be started synchronously. The improvement mechanism is used for bottom improvement operation.

2. The rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab-wheat continuous cropping according to claim 1, wherein, In the middle of one side of the device body, a traction head is fixedly connected. The traction head is connected to the traction device, and two feeding slots are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the traction head facing the traction device. The feeding slots are arc-shaped, and the feeding slots are gradually bent upward from the traction device to the outer wall of the other side of the housing, so as to guide the soil to the feeding slots when moving along with the traction device. Moving wheels are rotatably connected to the outer walls of both sides of the housing.

3. The rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes a motor fixedly connected to the top of the housing. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear. Rotating sleeve blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the housing. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to each of the two rotating sleeve blocks. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod. The first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear.

4. The rotary tillage and soil improvement integrated device for crab-wheat continuous cropping according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of cams are sequentially and evenly fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the rotating rod, and the cams located in the same feeding slot are arranged with a uniform angular change.

5. The rotary tillage and soil improvement integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping according to claim 3, characterized in that, Mounting frames are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the housing above the feeding slots. A plurality of springs are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two mounting frames. The bottom ends of the plurality of springs are all fixedly connected with a sliding plate. An activity frame is opened in the middle of each sliding plate. Each activity frame abuts against the corresponding cam. A crushing blade is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each sliding plate. The crushing blades are arranged parallel to the traveling direction of the traction device, and both sides of the crushing blades are provided with pointed ends. Positioning plates are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two feeding slots. A plurality of groups of protrusions are fixedly connected in each of the two positioning plates. Each group of protrusions is vertically slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding plate.

6. The rotary tillage and soil improvement integrated device for crab-wheat continuous cropping according to claim 5, wherein, The improvement mechanism includes cylinders symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the feeding slots. The bottom ends of the two cylinders are vertically slidably connected with movable cylinders. A first sealing rubber ring is arranged at the connection between the bottom ends of the two cylinders and the inner wall of the movable cylinder. Holes are opened in the outer walls of the two cylinders, and a feeding pipe is obliquely fixed downward at the holes. Ring blocks are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two movable cylinders.

7. The rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab-wheat continuous cropping according to claim 5, characterized in that, A hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the top ends of the two mounting frames. The top end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate. Both sides of the connecting plate extend and are fixedly connected to one side of the ring block to be used for adjusting and adapting the vertical height of the movable cylinder.

8. The rotary tillage and bottom improvement integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping according to claim 5, characterized in that, Detachable screens are symmetrically connected to the outer walls of the two housings. The screens are located directly below the feeding pipes and are used for filtering the silt at the bottom of the pond.

9. The rotary tillage and soil improvement integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plug plate is vertically slidably connected to the inner walls of the two cylinders. A second sealing rubber ring is arranged at the connection between the outer wall of the plug plate and the inner wall of the cylinder. A round hole is opened in the middle of the bottom end of the plug plate. An air vent block is fixedly connected above the round hole of the plug plate. Communication holes are evenly opened in the outer wall of the air vent block. The communication holes are communicated with the round hole. A valve plate is arranged at the round hole below the plug plate; Among them, the valve plate is only used to open when the plug plate moves vertically downward and remains closed when the plug plate moves upward to ensure the extraction of water body and silt at the bottom of the pool.

10. The rotary tillage and soil improvement integrated device for crab and wheat continuous cropping according to claim 7, characterized in that, Sliding holes are respectively formed on both sides of the two mounting frames, and vertical rods I are vertically slidably connected in the two sliding holes. The bottom ends of the two vertical rods I are fixedly connected to the top end of one of the sliding plates, which is used to synchronously start the improvement mechanism when the equipment performs crushing operations. The top ends of the two vertical rods I are fixedly connected to top plates. Vertical rods II are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the two top plates. The bottom ends of the two vertical rods II are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the air vent block, which is used to pull the plug plate to slide vertically back and forth.

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