Surface water sedimentation particle collection device

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of surface water sedimentation particulate collection device, belong to hydrogeology technical engineering field, for solving the low efficiency of lake and river sediment sampling process in prior art, the problem of interference caused by human operation affecting bottom mud resuspension, including collector and collector balance seat;The present application can ensure that the collector remains vertical in the lake or river bottom mud by installing counterweight and balance ring in the collector balance seat;The collector is divided into collection cylinder and collection cylinder cover, the telescopic structure design of collection cylinder wall makes the collector can pull open the cover by the gravity of counterweight ring when in the lake or river bottom mud, reduce the disturbance to transverse flow, open the collection channel of sedimentation particulate carried by transverse flow;The installation of closure ring and recovery rope drives multiple covers to close simultaneously through recovery rope, completes the closure of collection cylinder cover and the recovery of device, improves the sampling efficiency and reduces the interference caused by bottom mud resuspension.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrogeological engineering technology, and in particular relates to a device for collecting sedimented particulate matter in surface water. Background Technology

[0002] Surface water refers to the total amount of dynamic and static water on the land surface, also known as "terrestrial water." It includes liquid water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and swamps, and is one of the important sources of water for human life. my country has over 45,000 rivers with a drainage area exceeding 50 square kilometers and 2,865 lakes with a perennial water surface area of ​​no less than 1 square kilometer. The areas surrounding these rivers and lakes, relying on their superior hydrological conditions and natural resources, have historically been areas of high concentration of human activity, especially densely populated areas for agriculture and aquaculture. However, this high-intensity agricultural development has also made river and lake basins key areas for the generation and spread of agricultural non-point source pollution, significantly increasing the difficulty of environmental monitoring, research, and protection and management. The study of sediment flux in lakes and rivers has always been a key focus in assessing the distribution characteristics and ecological risks of lake and river materials. Sediment flux not only reflects the migration, transformation, and fate of materials in water bodies but also directly relates to the health status and ecological functions of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, accurately and efficiently obtaining sediment flux data is of great significance for assessing the environmental quality and ecological risks of lakes and rivers.

[0003] Currently, the common method for studying sediment flux in lakes and rivers relies on divers fixing sediment traps to the bottom sediment using supports. While this method can collect sediments to some extent, it has several drawbacks. First, the operation requires significant manpower and time, resulting in low sampling efficiency. This is especially true in large, deep-water lakes and rivers, where the difficulty and danger of the operation increase considerably, further limiting the widespread application of this method. Second, the human operation process affects the water flow around the trap. During the installation and retrieval of the trap, divers inevitably disturb the water, affecting the settling process of suspended particles. This disturbance not only reduces the representativeness of the sediment sample but may also introduce additional errors, affecting the accuracy of the research results. Furthermore, traditional sediment traps cannot collect particles carried by lateral water flow during collection and are at risk of tipping over, which not only increases the uncertainty of the research but may also have potential negative impacts on the ecological environment of lakes and rivers in subsequent studies.

[0004] In summary, current methods for studying lake and river sediment fluxes suffer from problems such as low sampling efficiency, significant human intervention, and the ease with which collection devices can tip over. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device to solve the problems of low efficiency, large impact of human operation, and easy tilting of collection devices in the existing technology for lake and river sediment sampling.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a device for collecting sedimented particulate matter in surface water, comprising a collector and a collector balance seat;

[0007] The collector includes a collection cylinder and a collection cylinder cover; the collection cylinder has a closed ring arranged at the center of its top and includes a retractable collection cylinder wall, a counterweight ring installed at the top of the collection cylinder wall, and a guide support column installed on the inner side of the collection cylinder wall; the collection cylinder cover includes a cover body and a recovery rope; there are multiple cover bodies, each fixedly connected to the recovery rope; the tail end of the recovery rope is fixedly connected to the counterweight ring for opening the cover body; the head end of the recovery rope passes through the closed ring and extends beyond the water surface for closing the cover body to complete the retrieval of the device;

[0008] The collector balance seat is installed at the bottom of the collector and includes a balance seat body and a counterweight; the balance seat body has an installation hole, a balance ring is installed in the installation hole and is hinged to the collection cylinder through the balance ring; the counterweight is fixedly connected to the bottom of the collection cylinder.

[0009] Optionally, the collecting cylinder further includes a collecting neck, which is fixedly connected to the top end of the guide support column to form a guide structure for the collecting cylinder wall.

[0010] Optionally, the neck of the collecting cylinder has an outward protrusion; the bottom ends of the plurality of covers are respectively hinged to the top of the neck of the collecting cylinder, and when closed, they enclose to form a conical collecting cylinder cover.

[0011] Optionally, a vertically arranged connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the collecting cylinder, a sleeve rod is fixedly connected inside the connecting sleeve, and the closing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve rod.

[0012] Optionally, a collecting plate is installed along the length of the sleeve rod, and the collecting plate has a flange in the center and is sleeved on the sleeve rod by the flange.

[0013] Optionally, a closed-loop support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the collecting cylinder. There are multiple closed-loop support rods, one end of which is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder wall of the collecting cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the closed loop.

[0014] Optionally, the counterweight has a hemispherical structure with its lower end protruding downwards, and its top end is detachably connected to the bottom end of the collecting cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the balance ring is hinged with two coaxially symmetrically arranged external hinge shafts, and is hinged in the mounting hole through the two external hinge shafts;

[0016] The balance ring is also hinged with two coaxially symmetrically arranged inner hinge shafts, which are hinged to the collection cylinder through the two inner hinge shafts.

[0017] The axes of the two outer hinge shafts and the axes of the two inner hinge shafts are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0018] Optionally, the balance seat body includes a support rod, a fixing rod, and a mounting ring;

[0019] The support rods are arranged horizontally and fixedly connected in sequence to form a hollow support structure;

[0020] The fixing rod is arranged vertically on the fixing connection of the support rod, and the bottom end is a sharp protrusion structure;

[0021] The mounting ring is arranged horizontally and connected to the support rod by a connecting rod, and is fixedly connected to the center of the support structure by the connecting rod.

[0022] As described above, the surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention disassembles a surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device into a collector and a collector balance seat. The collector is further divided into a collection cylinder and a collection cylinder cover. The expandable structure of the collection cylinder wall allows the cover to be easily opened by the gravity of the counterweight ring when the collector is in lake or river sediment, reducing obstruction to lateral water flow and opening a collection channel for sedimentation particulate matter carried by the lateral water flow. The addition of a closing ring and a retrieval rope allows for remote control of the collection cylinder cover's closure (using the retrieval rope to simultaneously close multiple covers) without direct intervention from divers, significantly reducing human interference with the aquatic environment and alleviating the workload and potential risks for divers. The collector balance seat, installed at the bottom of the collector, ensures the collector remains vertical during descent due to the counterweight. The balance seat body has mounting holes and a balance ring installed within these holes, ensuring the collector remains vertical in lake or river sediment and completing the sedimentation particulate matter collection.

[0024] This invention constructs a stable and precise guiding structure by fixing the neck of the collection cylinder to the top of the guide support column. This design not only enhances the stability of the overall structure but also ensures the expansion and contraction path of the collection cylinder wall. The outward protruding structure on the neck of the collection cylinder ensures that a stable angle can be formed between the cover and the recovery rope. When tension is applied to the end of the recovery rope, this angle can decompose the tension into an outward flipping force, thereby easily realizing the flipping and opening of the cover, ensuring the simplicity and reliability of operation. At the same time, the collection plate installed along the length of the sleeve rod, together with the collection cylinder wall in a compressed state, can complete the collection of sedimented particles carried by the lateral water flow per unit height.

[0025] This invention improves collection accuracy by adding a collector balance seat to the bottom of the collector and disassembling the balance seat body into a support rod, a fixing rod, and a mounting ring. The hollow balance seat body effectively reduces water resistance during descent. The sharp protrusion at the bottom of the fixing rod can more effectively penetrate the bottom sediment of lakes or rivers, ensuring that the device is not easily loosened or shifted when fixed. The counterweight is designed in a hemispherical shape, which not only provides sufficient counterweight to ensure that the collector remains vertical during descent, avoiding tilting or rolling caused by water flow interference, but also has a good streamlined feature to effectively reduce water resistance, helping the device to reach the target depth more smoothly. The balance ring and the inner and outer hinge shafts installed on the balance ring can adjust the collector to a vertical state under the gravity of the counterweight when the balance seat body is uneven due to lake or river bottom. This completes the collection of sedimented particles from lakes and rivers. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the collector and counterweight of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide structure formed by the guide support column and the collecting cylinder neck of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balance seat body of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the balancing ring of the present invention.

[0032] Component designation explanation

[0033] 1. Counterweight; 2. Balance seat body; 201. Support rod; 202. Fixing rod; 203. Mounting ring; 3. Balance ring; 301. Outer hinge shaft; 302. Inner hinge shaft; 4. Collection cylinder; 401. Counterweight ring; 402. Connecting sleeve; 403. Sleeve rod; 404. Collection plate; 405. Guide support column; 406. Collection cylinder neck; 5. Collection cylinder cover; 6. Closing ring; 7. Recovery rope. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0035] Please see Figures 1 to 6 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0036] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 6This invention provides a surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device, including a collector and a collector balance seat; the collector includes a collection cylinder 4 and a collection cylinder cover 5; a closed ring 6 is arranged at the center of the top of the collection cylinder 4, and it includes a retractable collection cylinder wall (the collection cylinder wall can be referred to as the tension structure of a corrugated pipe), a counterweight ring 401 is installed at the top of the collection cylinder wall, and a guide support column 405 is installed on the inner side of the collection cylinder wall; the collection cylinder cover 5 includes a cover body and a recovery rope 7; there are multiple covers, and the top of each cover body is fixedly connected to the recovery rope 7 (the connection between the collection cylinder cover 5 and the top of the collection cylinder 4 in the figure is square, and the following description will use a square as an example; the number of covers is not specified here). (Limitations); The tail end of the recovery rope 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the counterweight ring 401, used to drive the cover to open (when the collection device sinks to the bottom of the lake or river, the collection cylinder wall changes from a stretched state to a compressed state under the gravity of the counterweight ring 401, and at the same time the counterweight ring 401 drives the cover to flip through the recovery rope 7, completely exposing the inside of the collection cylinder 4 to the bottom of the lake or river); The head end of the recovery rope 7 passes through the closing ring 6 and extends to the outside of the water surface, used to drive the cover to close and complete the device recovery (after the collection time is reached, by pulling the head end of the recovery rope 7, the recovery rope 7 cooperates with the closing ring 6 to close the cover and realize the closure of the collection cylinder cover 5, and at the same time drive the counterweight ring 401 to rise, the collection cylinder wall changes from a compressed state to a compressed state). (The collector transitions from a state of tension to a state of closure of the collection cylinder 4). The collector balance seat is installed at the bottom of the collector and includes a balance seat body 2 and a counterweight 1. The balance seat body 2 has an installation hole, and a balance ring 3 is installed in the installation hole and hinged to the collection cylinder 4 through the balance ring 3. The counterweight 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the collection cylinder 4. This application divides the surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device into a collector and a collector balance seat; and further divides the collector into a collection cylinder 4 and a collection cylinder cover 5. The expandable structure design of the collection cylinder wall allows the cover to be easily opened by the gravity of the counterweight ring 401 when the collector is in the bottom sediment of a lake or river, and also reduces the obstruction to the lateral water flow. The system opens a collection channel for sedimented particles carried by the lateral water flow. The addition of the closing ring 6 and the recovery rope 7 allows for remote control of the collection cylinder cover 5 (using the recovery rope 7 to drive multiple covers to close simultaneously) without direct intervention from divers. This greatly reduces the interference of human operation on the aquatic environment and also reduces the workload and potential risks for divers. By adding a collector balance seat and installing it at the bottom of the collector, the counterweight 1 ensures that the collector remains vertical during descent. The balance seat body 2 has mounting holes and balance rings 3 installed in the mounting holes, which ensure that the collector remains vertical in the lake or river bottom sediment, thus completing the sedimented particle collection work.

[0038] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 4The collecting cylinder 4 also includes a collecting cylinder neck 406, which is fixedly connected to the top end of the guide support column 405, forming a guide structure for the collecting cylinder wall. (See attached image for the collecting cylinder neck 406.) Figure 3 (The guide support column 405 and the counterweight ring 401 are arranged with a gap here). The collecting cylinder neck 406 has an outward protrusion. The bottom ends of multiple covers are respectively hinged to the top of the collecting cylinder neck 406, and when closed, they enclose to form a conical collecting cylinder cover 5 (the connection between the collecting cylinder cover 5 and the top of the collecting cylinder body 4 in the figure is square, and the following explanation will use a square as an example. The number of covers is not limited here). A vertically arranged connecting sleeve 402 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the collecting cylinder body 4. A sleeve rod 403 is internally fixedly connected, and the closing ring 6 is fixedly connected to the top end of the sleeve rod 403. A collecting plate 404 is installed along the length of the sleeve rod 403. The collecting plate 404 has a flange in the center and is sleeved onto the sleeve rod 403 through the flange. This detachable design allows for adjustment of the number of layers of the collecting plate 404 according to actual needs. (An upwardly extending flange can also be added to the outside of the collecting plate 404 to prevent sedimented particles on the upper collecting plate 404 from falling to the lower collecting plate during the collector's recovery process.) 404), the top end of the collecting cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to a closed ring 6 support rod 201. There are multiple closed ring 6 support rods 201. One end of each closed ring 6 support rod 201 is fixedly connected to the top end of the cylinder wall of the collecting cylinder 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the closed ring 6. This application constructs a stable and precise guiding structure by fixing the top end of the collecting cylinder neck 406 to the guide support column 405. This design not only enhances the stability of the overall structure, but also ensures the expansion and contraction path of the collecting cylinder wall. An outward protruding structure is set on the collecting cylinder neck 406. This design ensures that a stable angle can be formed between the cover and the recovery rope 7. When the tail end of the recovery rope 7 is pulled, this angle can decompose the pulling force into an outward flipping force, thereby easily realizing the flipping and opening of the cover, ensuring the simplicity and reliability of operation. At the same time, the collecting plate 404 installed along the length direction of the sleeve rod 403, together with the collecting cylinder wall in a compressed state, can complete the collection of sedimented particles carried by the transverse water flow per unit height.

[0039] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 6The counterweight 1 has a hemispherical structure with its lower end protruding downwards. The top end of the counterweight 1 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the collecting cylinder 4. Two coaxially symmetrically arranged outer hinge shafts 301 are hinged to the balance ring 3, and are hinged to the mounting hole via the two outer hinge shafts 301. Two coaxially symmetrically arranged inner hinge shafts 302 are also hinged to the balance ring 3, and are hinged to the collecting cylinder 4 via the two inner hinge shafts 302. The axes of the two outer hinge shafts 301 and the axes of the two inner hinge shafts 302 are arranged perpendicular to each other (here, the balance ring 3 can also be designed as an inner balance ring and an outer balance ring, as shown in the image). Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the corresponding outer balance ring is hinged in the mounting hole through two outer hinge shafts 301; the inner balance ring is hinged in the outer balance ring through two inner hinge shafts 302. The collecting cylinder 4 and the counterweight 1 are respectively threaded to the inner balance ring. The addition of the inner balance ring facilitates the detachable connection of the collecting cylinder 4. The balance seat body 2 includes a support rod 201, a fixing rod 202 and a mounting ring 203. The support rod 201 is arranged horizontally and fixedly connected in sequence to form a hollow support structure. The fixing rod 202 is arranged vertically at the fixed connection of the support rod 201, and the bottom end is a sharp protrusion structure. The mounting ring 203 is arranged horizontally and connected to the support rod 201 by a connecting rod, and is fixedly connected to the center of the support structure through the connecting rod. This application adds a collector balance seat to the bottom of the collector and splits the balance seat body 2 into a support rod 201, a fixing rod 202 and a mounting ring 203. The hollow balance seat body 2 can effectively reduce the self- The sharp protrusion at the bottom of the fixing rod 202 effectively penetrates the bottom sediment of lakes or rivers to reduce water resistance during descent, ensuring that the device is not easily loosened or shifted when fixed, thereby improving the accuracy of collection. The counterweight 1 is designed in a hemispherical shape, which not only provides sufficient counterweight to ensure that the collector can remain vertical during descent and avoid tilting or rolling caused by water flow interference, but also has a good streamlined feature to effectively reduce water resistance, helping the device to reach the target depth more smoothly. The balance ring 3 and the inner hinge shaft 302 and outer hinge shaft 301 installed on the balance ring 3 can adjust the collector to a vertical state under the gravity of the counterweight 1 when the bottom of the balance seat body 2 is uneven due to lake or river unevenness, thereby completing the collection of lake and river sediment particles.

[0040] In summary, this invention overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and solves the problems of low efficiency, significant human intervention, and easy tipping of collection devices in the sampling process of lake and river sediments. It provides convenience for relevant departments to study the health of local lake or river ecosystems and to prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting sedimented particulate matter in surface water, characterized in that: Includes collectors and collector balance seats; The collector includes a collection cylinder and a collection cylinder cover; the collection cylinder has a closed ring arranged at the center of its top and includes a retractable collection cylinder wall, a counterweight ring installed at the top of the collection cylinder wall, and a guide support column installed on the inner side of the collection cylinder wall; the collection cylinder cover includes a cover body and a recovery rope; there are multiple cover bodies, each fixedly connected to the recovery rope; the tail end of the recovery rope is fixedly connected to the counterweight ring for opening the cover body; the head end of the recovery rope passes through the closed ring and extends beyond the water surface for closing the cover body to complete the retrieval of the device; The collector balance seat is installed at the bottom of the collector and includes a balance seat body and a counterweight; the balance seat body has an installation hole, a balance ring is installed in the installation hole and is hinged to the collection cylinder through the balance ring; the counterweight is fixedly connected to the bottom of the collection cylinder.

2. The surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting cylinder also includes a collecting neck, which is fixedly connected to the top end of a guide support column to form a guide structure for the collecting cylinder wall.

3. The surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The neck of the collecting cylinder has an outward protrusion; the bottom ends of the multiple covers are respectively hinged to the top of the neck of the collecting cylinder, and when closed, they enclose to form a conical collecting cylinder cover.

4. The surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertically arranged connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the collecting cylinder, and a sleeve rod is fixedly connected inside the connecting sleeve. The closing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve rod.

5. The surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A collecting plate is installed along the length of the sleeve rod, and the collecting plate has a flange in the center, which is sleeved onto the sleeve rod.

6. The surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A closed-loop support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the collecting cylinder. There are multiple closed-loop support rods, one end of which is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder wall of the collecting cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the closed loop.

7. The surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight has a hemispherical structure with its lower end protruding downwards, and its top end is detachably connected to the bottom end of the collecting cylinder.

8. The surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance ring is hinged with two coaxially symmetrically arranged external hinge shafts, and is hinged in the mounting hole through the two external hinge shafts. The balance ring is also hinged with two coaxially symmetrically arranged inner hinge shafts, which are hinged to the collection cylinder through the two inner hinge shafts. The axes of the two outer hinge shafts and the axes of the two inner hinge shafts are arranged perpendicular to each other.

9. The surface water sedimentation particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the balance seat includes a support rod, a fixing rod, and a mounting ring; The support rods are arranged horizontally and fixedly connected in sequence to form a hollow support structure; The fixing rod is arranged vertically on the fixing connection of the support rod, and the bottom end is a sharp protrusion structure; The mounting ring is arranged horizontally and connected to the support rod by a connecting rod, and is fixedly connected to the center of the support structure by the connecting rod.

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