Regional macro fungus species diversity investigation and evaluation system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a regional macro fungus species diversity investigation and evaluation system and method. The system comprises an acquisition module and a monitoring terminal wirelessly connected with the acquisition module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring fungus image data, a fungus sample and a soil sample; the monitoring terminal comprises: an analysis module for analyzing fungus image data to obtain an image evaluation value, and processing and analyzing a fungus sample and a soil sample to obtain a sample evaluation value; and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value. Fungus image data, a fungus sample and a soil sample of a to-be-monitored area can be collected, the fungus image data, the fungus sample and the soil sample are processed to obtain an image evaluation value and a sample evaluation value, then evaluation is carried out through the evaluation module to obtain a regional macro fungus species diversity evaluation result, use is convenient, and operation is easy. The labor intensity of workers is low, and the investigation and evaluation efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field, and specifically to a regional macrofungal species diversity investigation and evaluation system and method. Background Art

[0002] Macrofungi are an important biological resource with significant ecological and economic value. In order to better protect and rationally utilize these resources, it is currently usually necessary to investigate and evaluate the regional macrofungal species diversity.

[0003] Currently, the investigation methods for regional macrofungal species diversity mainly include the reconnaissance method, the transect method, and the plot survey method. Although the above investigation methods can conduct investigations, most of them require a lot of manual labor and have low efficiency. And when it is necessary to collect fungal samples, etc., it is usually collected manually. When the collection area is in a region with steep terrain, harsh climate or dangerous factors such as wild animals, it will pose a potential safety risk to the investigators and is not very convenient to use. For this reason, we propose a regional macrofungal species diversity investigation and evaluation system and method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a regional macrofungal species diversity investigation and evaluation system and method to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A regional macrofungal species diversity investigation and evaluation system includes at least one collection module and a monitoring terminal wirelessly connected thereto;

[0007] The collection module is used to collect fungal image data of the area to be monitored, as well as collect fungal samples and soil samples of the area to be monitored;

[0008] The monitoring terminal includes:

[0009] An analysis module, which is used to receive the fungal image data, analyze the fungal image data to obtain an image evaluation value, and also process and analyze the fungal samples and soil samples to obtain a sample evaluation value;

[0010] An evaluation module, which evaluates the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value to obtain a regional macrofungal species diversity evaluation result.

[0011] Further improvement lies in that the image evaluation value includes the fungal species, the fungal morphology, and the fungal coverage;

[0012] The sample evaluation value includes the geological feature information and the real-time analysis value of the species feature information;

[0013] Among them, the geological feature information includes soil pH value, soil humidity, soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, and soil heavy metal content;

[0014] The species feature information includes fungal carbon storage and fungal growth characteristics.

[0015] A further improvement lies in that the collection module includes:

[0016] The UAV main body, with a chassis at its bottom, electrical equipment electrically connected to the monitoring terminal at its top, and an image acquisition device and a GPS device electrically connected to the electrical equipment;

[0017] The sample collection device, which is arranged in the chassis and electrically connected to the electrical equipment;

[0018] Among them, the sample collection device includes:

[0019] The sample classification and storage part, which is arranged in the chassis and used for classifying and storing the collected fungal samples and soil samples;

[0020] The collection part, which is arranged at the bottom of the UAV main body and inside the sample classification and storage part, and is used for collecting fungal samples and soil samples.

[0021] A further improvement lies in that the sample classification and storage part includes:

[0022] The carrier frame, with a rotating part rotatably arranged inside it;

[0023] The first closed ring and the second closed ring, both of which are arranged in the chassis and are respectively arranged at intervals on the upper and lower sides of the carrier frame;

[0024] Several groups of sample storage devices, which are inserted on the rotating part in a circular array. A partition seat is arranged in the sample storage device, and the partition seat is used to sequentially divide the inner cavity of the sample storage device from top to bottom into a soil sample storage cavity and a fungal sample storage cavity. The upper and lower ends of the sample storage device are detachably provided with cover bodies, and the upper and lower cover bodies are respectively attached to the opposite sides of the first closed ring and the second closed ring. A feeding port is penetrated through the cover body, and one end of the feeding port extends towards the partition seat;

[0025] The soil sample feeding pipeline and the fungal sample feeding pipeline are respectively inserted on the first closed ring and the second closed ring. The soil sample feeding pipeline and the fungal sample feeding pipeline are used to respectively communicate with the upper and lower feeding ports in one of the sample storage devices, and electromagnetic valves are arranged in both the soil sample feeding pipeline and the fungal sample feeding pipeline;

[0026] The rotating device, which is arranged on the first closed ring and is used to drive the rotating part to rotate a preset angle, so that several groups of sample storage devices respectively communicate with the soil feeding pipeline and the fungal sample feeding pipeline.

[0027] A further improvement is that the acquisition unit includes:

[0028] A negative pressure device is provided at the bottom of the drone body, the input end of the negative pressure device is connected to a collection tube through a pipeline, the collection tube is located inside the closed ring 1, the rotating member and the closed ring 2, and the output end of the negative pressure device is connected to a soil supply pipeline and a fungal sample supply pipeline respectively;

[0029] The bearing plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the collection tube and connected to the main body of the drone through a telescopic device, and is driven to move up and down by the telescopic device;

[0030] Two groups of conical parts are symmetrically arranged below the collecting tube, and the outer walls thereof are provided with inlets for soil to enter. The two groups of conical parts are slidably connected to the bearing plate through sliding plates, and the two groups of sliding plates are provided with blades on opposite sides. The two groups of blades fit together when the two groups of conical parts are in contact, and the two groups of sliding plates are provided with feed ports for communicating with the conical parts and the collecting tube;

[0031] Two sets of electromagnetic components are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the bottom of the bearing plate, and are used to respectively adsorb the two sets of sliding plates and drive the conical parts to move away from each other when energized;

[0032] A resetting elastic member, connected to the sliding plate and the bearing plate, and used to drive the sliding plate to reset when the electromagnetic member is powered off;

[0033] The miniature camera is connected to the carrier plate via a bracket, and the collection end of the miniature camera faces the lower end of the collection tube.

[0034] A further improvement is that a dryer for supplying hot gas is provided at the bottom of the drone body, a plurality of groups of pipelines are provided at the output end of the dryer, a solenoid valve is provided in the pipeline, the other end of the pipeline is inserted in a ring array on a closed ring and corresponds one to one with the sample storage, hollow parts are integrated on both sides of the sample storage, a plurality of groups of vents connected to the hollow parts are opened on the inner wall of the sample storage, exhaust ports are provided at the upper and lower ends of one of the hollow parts, and a one-way valve is provided in the exhaust port, and an air inlet pipe for connecting to pipeline one is provided at the top of the other hollow part.

[0035] A further improvement is that a rotating shaft is rotatably inserted on the partition seat, and the rotating shaft is connected to an impeller member through a sprocket transmission group. The impeller member is arranged in another hollow member and is driven to rotate by the hot gas entering from the air inlet pipe. The outer walls of both ends of the rotating shaft located in the soil sample storage chamber and the fungal sample storage chamber are provided with scrapers for cleaning the inner walls of the soil sample storage chamber and the fungal sample storage chamber when the rotating shaft rotates. Several groups of stirring rods are also provided on the outer walls of both ends of the rotating shaft.

[0036] Further improvement lies in that a closing cover for closing one end of the material inlet towards the partition seat is provided, and the closing cover is rotatably arranged on the cover body through a torsion spring rotating shaft.

[0037] A method for investigating and evaluating the species diversity of regional macrofungi, using the above evaluation system, includes the following steps:

[0038] S1: Collect fungal image data of the area to be monitored through the collection module, and collect fungal samples and soil samples of the area to be monitored;

[0039] S2: Receive the fungal image data through the analysis module in the monitoring terminal, analyze the fungal image data to obtain an image evaluation value, and also process and analyze the fungal samples and soil samples to obtain a sample evaluation value;

[0040] S3: Evaluate the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value through the evaluation module in the monitoring terminal to obtain the evaluation result of the species diversity of regional macrofungi.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] 1) Through the collection module of the present invention, fungal image data of the area to be monitored can be collected, as well as fungal samples and soil samples of the area to be monitored. Then, through the analysis module in the monitoring terminal, the fungal image data, fungal samples and soil samples are analyzed and processed to obtain an image evaluation value and a sample evaluation value. Subsequently, through the evaluation module for evaluation, the evaluation result of the species diversity of regional macrofungi is obtained. It is convenient to use, consumes less manual labor intensity, and has high investigation and evaluation efficiency;

[0043] 2) The collection module of the present invention can drive the sample collection device to the required position through the UAV main body to collect soil samples and fungal samples, which is convenient to use and ensures the safety of relevant personnel. Moreover, the sample collection device can classify and store the collected soil samples and fungal samples, which not only provides great convenience for subsequent processing and analysis work, enables researchers to more efficiently conduct in-depth research on different types of samples, but also greatly facilitates the continuous execution of multiple collection tasks. And after collection, the soil samples and fungal samples can be uniformly dried to prevent sample deterioration or contamination caused by humidity changes, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the samples during storage, transportation and subsequent analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is the schematic structural diagram of the collection module of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 For the present inventionFigure 2 Schematic diagram of another perspective structure;

[0047] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sample classification storage part of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of another perspective structure;

[0049] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Structural cross-sectional view;

[0050] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sample storage of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Structural cross-sectional view;

[0052] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the collection part of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the local structure.

[0054] In the figure: 1, UAV main body; 2, chassis; 3, electrical equipment; 4, image acquisition equipment; 5, sample acquisition equipment; 51, carrier; 52, first sealing ring; 53, rotating part; 54, rotating equipment; 55, sample storage; 56, hollow part; 57, second sealing ring; 58, cover body; 59, intake pipe; 510, partition seat; 511, sealing cover; 512, fungal sample storage cavity; 513, sprocket drive group; 514, scraping blade; 515, ventilation port; 516, stirring rod; 517, dryer; 518, pipeline 1; 519, negative pressure device; 520, collection cylinder; 521, soil supply pipeline; 522, fungal sample supply pipeline; 523, carrier plate; 524, sliding plate; 525, conical part; 526, inlet; 527, electromagnetic part; 528, micro camera; 529, telescopic equipment; 530, feed inlet; 531, blade. Specific embodiments

[0055] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1

[0057] A regional macrofungal species diversity investigation and assessment system includes at least one collection module and a monitoring terminal wirelessly connected to it. Using wireless communication technologies (such as Wi-Fi, 4G / 5G, satellite communication, etc.), it realizes real-time data transmission between the collection module and the ground monitoring station;

[0058] The collection module is used to collect fungal image data of the area to be monitored, as well as collect fungal samples and soil samples of the area to be monitored;

[0059] The monitoring terminal includes:

[0060] An analysis module, which is used to receive fungal image data, analyze the fungal image data to obtain an image evaluation value, and also process and analyze the fungal samples and soil samples to obtain a sample evaluation value;

[0061] An evaluation module, which evaluates the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value to obtain the evaluation result of the regional macrofungal species diversity.

[0062] Preferably, the image evaluation value of this embodiment includes fungal species, fungal morphology, and fungal coverage;

[0063] The sample evaluation value includes geological feature information and real-time analysis values of species feature information;

[0064] Among them, the geological feature information includes soil pH value, soil humidity, soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, and soil heavy metal content;

[0065] The species feature information includes fungal carbon storage and fungal growth characteristics.

[0066] The above-mentioned analysis module and evaluation module both belong to conventional equipment in this field;

[0067] For example, the analysis module uses advanced image recognition technology to identify fungal species, analyze their growth morphological characteristics (such as color, shape, texture, etc.), and also cultivate, isolate, and identify fungal samples in a laboratory environment to obtain growth characteristic data such as fungal carbon storage, growth rate, and hyphal structure, and conduct chemical and physical analyses on soil samples to measure geological feature information such as soil humidity, pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, and heavy metal content;

[0068] The evaluation module compares the image evaluation value with the historical data in the database, analyzes the changing trends of the fungal species and morphology, evaluates the dynamic changes of fungal species diversity, etc.; according to the image evaluation value, evaluates the fungal species richness of the area to be monitored, etc., and understands the diversity level of fungal species in the area; according to the species characteristic information and geological characteristic information, evaluates the soil pollution degree of the area to be monitored, analyzes and evaluates the correlation between the soil and the fungal growth, so as to help relevant personnel understand the influence mechanism of the soil environment on the fungal growth, etc.;

[0069] And the evaluation indexes can be set;

[0070] For example, the evaluation indexes include: fungal species richness: scored according to the number of identified fungal species, the more the number of species, the higher the score; fungal morphological diversity: scored according to the diversity and uniqueness of the fungal morphological characteristics, the richer and more unique the morphological characteristics, the higher the score; fungal growth characteristics: scored according to the growth characteristic data such as the growth rate, carbon storage, and hyphal structure of the fungus, the better the growth characteristics, the higher the score; soil environmental conditions: comprehensively scored according to the geological characteristic information such as soil humidity, pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content, and heavy metal content, the more suitable the soil environment is for fungal growth, the higher the score; fungal coverage: scored according to the distribution range and coverage degree of the fungus in the area, the wider the distribution and the higher the coverage, the higher the score;

[0071] The scoring of the above evaluation indexes can be automatically completed by the scoring algorithm built in the system, or can be manually adjusted by experts according to the actual situation.

[0072] Please refer to Figures 2 - 5

[0073] Preferably, the acquisition module of this embodiment includes:

[0074] The UAV main body 1, with a chassis 2 provided at its bottom, electrical equipment 3 electrically connected to the monitoring terminal provided at its top, and an image acquisition device 4 and a GPS device electrically connected to the electrical equipment 3;

[0075] The electrical equipment 3 includes a housing, and a controller, a storage battery, etc. provided inside the housing, which will not be elaborated here;

[0076] The image acquisition device 4 is, for example, a high-definition camera; the GPS device is a conventional device in the art, which will not be elaborated here to determine the acquisition position and the position of the UAV main body 1;

[0077] The sample acquisition device 5 is provided inside the chassis 2 and electrically connected to the electrical equipment 3;

[0078] Among them, the sample acquisition device 5 includes:

[0079] The sample classification storage unit is arranged inside the chassis 2 and is used for classifying and storing the collected fungal samples and soil samples, facilitating the classified storage of the fungal samples and soil samples collected in different regions for subsequent analysis, recording, research, etc.;

[0080] The collection unit is arranged at the bottom of the UAV body 1 and inside the sample classification storage unit, and is used for collecting fungal samples and soil samples.

[0081] Please refer to Figures 6 - 7

[0082] Preferably, the sample classification storage unit of this embodiment includes:

[0083] The carrier frame 51 is internally provided with a rotating member 53 rotatably through a bearing. The rotating member 53 is in a circular ring shape, and its outer wall is provided with teeth;

[0084] The first closing ring 52 and the second closing ring 57 are both arranged inside the chassis 2 and are respectively arranged at intervals on the upper and lower sides of the carrier frame 51. The first closing ring 52 is fixedly arranged inside the chassis 2, and the second closing ring 57 is slidably arranged inside the chassis 2 and is fixed to the chassis 2 through a bolt-like structure, facilitating the removal of the second closing ring 57;

[0085] A number of groups of sample storage containers 55 are inserted on the rotating member 53 in an annular array. A partition seat 510 is arranged inside the sample storage container 55. The partition seat 510 is used to sequentially divide the inner cavity of the sample storage container 55 from top to bottom into a soil sample storage cavity and a fungal sample storage cavity 512 for classifying and storing the collected soil samples and fungal samples. The upper and lower ends of the sample storage container 55 are detachably provided with cover bodies 58. The cover bodies 58 and the sample storage containers 55 can be connected by a threaded connection method, facilitating the opening and taking out of the samples inside the sample storage containers 55. The upper and lower end cover bodies 58 are respectively attached to the opposite sides of the first closing ring 52 and the second closing ring 57. Sealing rings are also embedded on the opposite sides of the upper and lower end cover bodies 58 to ensure the sealing performance of the contact positions. A material port is penetrated through the cover body 58, and one end of the material port extends towards the partition seat 510;

[0086] The soil sample supply pipeline and the fungal sample supply pipeline 522 are respectively inserted on the first closing ring 52 and the second closing ring 57. The soil sample supply pipeline and the fungal sample supply pipeline 522 are each in a group. The soil sample supply pipeline and the fungal sample supply pipeline 522 are used to respectively communicate with the upper and lower end material ports in one of the sample storage containers 55 for supplying the soil sample into the soil sample storage cavity and supplying the fungal sample into the fungal sample storage cavity 512. Solenoid valves are arranged inside the soil sample supply pipeline and the fungal sample supply pipeline 522. By opening the solenoid valves, it is convenient for the collected samples to enter the designated pipelines;

[0087] The rotating device 54 is provided on the first closed ring 52. The rotating device 54 is a micro motor and a micro reducer, which is used to drive the rotating member 53 to rotate a preset angle, so that several groups of sample storage devices 55 are respectively communicated with the soil supply pipeline 521 and the fungal sample supply pipeline 522. For example, when there are four groups of sample storage devices 55, the rotating device 54 drives the rotating member 53 to rotate 90 degrees each time, so that different sample storage devices 55 can correspond to and communicate with the soil sample supply pipeline and the fungal sample supply pipeline 522.

[0088] Please refer to Figures 8 - 10

[0089] Preferably, the collection part of this embodiment includes:

[0090] The negative pressure device 519 is provided at the bottom of the UAV body 1. The input end of the negative pressure device 519 is connected with a collection cylinder 520 through a pipeline. The collection cylinder 520 is inside the first closed ring 52, the rotating member 53 and the second closed ring 57. The output end of the negative pressure device 519 is respectively communicated with a soil supply pipeline 521 and a fungal sample supply pipeline 522. The negative pressure device 519 is a negative pressure fan-like device, which is used to extract the soil sample or fungal sample in the collection cylinder 520 and input it into the soil supply pipeline 521 or the fungal sample supply pipeline 522;

[0091] The bearing plate 523 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the collection cylinder 520 and is connected with the UAV body 1 through a telescopic device 529, and is driven to move up and down by the telescopic device 529. The telescopic device 529 is, for example, an electric telescopic rod. Through the telescopic device 529, the bearing plate 523 can be driven to drive the collection cylinder 520 to the required position for sampling and other operations;

[0092] Two conical parts 525 are symmetrically arranged below the collection cylinder 520, and an inlet 526 for soil to enter is opened on the outer wall thereof. When the two conical parts 525 are in contact, the vertical section is triangular, so as to be inserted into the soil. When inserting into the soil, the soil enters the conical part 525 through the inlet 526, and the inlet 526 can prevent large-particle soil from entering;

[0093] Both of the two conical parts 525 are slidably connected with the bearing plate 523 through sliding plates 524. Knife edges 531 are arranged on the opposite sides of the two sliding plates 524. The two knife edges 531 are in contact with each other when the two conical parts 525 are in contact. Feeding ports 530 for communicating with the conical parts 525 and the collection cylinder 520 are opened on both of the two sliding plates 524;

[0094] Two electromagnetic members 527 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the bottom of the bearing plate 523, and are used to adsorb the two sliding plates 524 respectively through electricity to drive the conical parts 525 to move away from each other. The electromagnetic members 527 are electromagnetic blocks, and the sliding plates 524 can be made of magnetic materials;

[0095] A reset elastic member connects the sliding plate 524 and the bearing plate 523. The reset elastic member is, for example, a spring and is used to drive the sliding plate 524 to reset when the electromagnetic member 527 is powered off;

[0096] A micro camera 528 is connected to the bearing plate 523 through a bracket, and the collection end of the micro camera 528 faces the lower end of the collection cylinder 520. Relevant personnel can control the drone body 1 according to the images collected by the micro camera 528 so that the collection cylinder 520 collects the required soil samples and fungal samples;

[0097] When taking soil samples, the two conical parts 525 are in contact with each other. After the soil enters the conical part 525, it then enters the collection cylinder 520 through the feed port 530; when taking fungal samples, the electromagnetic member 527 is controlled to be powered on so that the two sliding plates 524 drive the conical parts 525 to move away from each other to open. Subsequently, the drone body 1 is controlled so that the collection cylinder 520 is sleeved outside a fungus. Then, the electromagnetic member 527 is controlled to be powered off, and the reset elastic member causes the two sliding plates 524 to drive the conical parts 525 to reset, thereby cutting off the fungus through the blade 531 and leaving it in the collection cylinder 520.

[0098] Preferably, a dryer 517 for supplying hot gas is provided at the bottom of the drone body 1 in this embodiment. The dryer 517 is, for example, composed of a housing, a fan, and a heating wire. The fan sucks the outside gas into the housing and heats it through the heating wire to form hot gas. A plurality of groups of pipeline 518 are provided at the output end of the dryer 517. The number of pipeline 518 is the same as that of the sample storage 55. That is, when there are four groups of sample storage 55, there are four groups of pipeline 518. Solenoid valves are provided in the pipeline 518 to facilitate the control of the output of hot gas. The other end of the pipeline 518 is inserted into the closed ring 52 in an annular array and corresponds to the sample storage 55 one by one;

[0099] Hollow parts 56 are integrally provided on both sides of the sample storage 55. The upper and lower ends of the hollow parts 56 are both closed. A plurality of groups of air vents 515 communicating with the hollow parts 56 are provided on the inner wall of the sample storage 55. One of the hollow parts 56 is provided with exhaust ports at both the upper and lower ends, and check valves are provided in the exhaust ports so that the gas entering the sample storage 55 enters the hollow part 56 and then is discharged from the exhaust ports, while the outside gas will not enter the sample storage 55 from the exhaust ports. The top of the other hollow part 56 is provided with an intake pipe 59 for communicating with the pipeline 518;

[0100] Each time the rotating device 54 drives the rotating part 53 to rotate a preset angle, a group of sample storages 55 are connected to the soil supply pipeline 521 and the fungal sample supply pipeline 522, and the air inlet pipes 59 in several groups of sample storages 55 are also corresponding to and connected with the other end of pipeline 1 518 on the closed loop 1 52. By opening the dryer 517, the dryer 517 supplies hot gas to pipeline 1 518. After the hot gas enters another hollow part 56, it enters the soil sample storage cavity and the fungal sample storage cavity 512 in the sample storage 55 from the air vent 515, so as to dry the soil samples and fungal samples inside to avoid decay and DNA degradation, so that they can be taken back to the laboratory for subsequent processing and analysis.

[0101] Preferably, a rotating shaft is rotatably inserted on the separator 510 of this embodiment, and a bearing is provided at the connection between the rotating shaft and the separator 510. The rotating shaft is connected to an impeller member (not shown in the figure) through a sprocket transmission group 513. The separator 510 has a cavity, and the sprocket transmission group 513 is specifically arranged in the cavity. The sprocket transmission group 513 includes a sprocket and a chain. The impeller member includes an impeller shaft and an impeller. The impeller member is arranged in another hollow member 56 and is driven to rotate by the hot gas entering from the intake pipe 59. The hot gas enters the intake pipe 59 through a pipeline 518 and then enters the hollow member 56, thereby driving the impeller. The wheel rotates, and the impeller drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the sprocket transmission group 513. The outer walls of both ends of the rotating shaft are provided with scrapers 514 for cleaning the inner walls of the soil sample storage chamber and the fungal sample storage chamber 512 when the rotating shaft rotates. The scraper 514 has an L-shaped vertical section, which effectively prevents the soil sample and the fungal sample from blocking the vent 515 and ensures the stability of gas circulation. The outer walls of both ends of the rotating shaft are also provided with a plurality of stirring rods 516 for stirring the soil sample and the fungal sample to improve the drying quality of the soil sample and the fungal sample.

[0102] Preferably, a closing cover 511 is provided at one end of the material port facing the separating seat 510 to close the material port. The closing cover 511 is rotatably arranged on the cover body 58 via a torsion spring shaft. The torsion spring shaft includes a torsion spring and a shaft. After the soil sample and the fungus sample enter the material port, the closing cover 511 is pushed to flip open and enter the corresponding cavity. When the sample output stops, the closing cover 511 rotates and resets the closed material port under the action of the torsion spring shaft to prevent gas leakage or the sample in the cavity from leaking out of the material port.

[0103] A method for investigating and evaluating regional macrofungal species diversity, using the above-mentioned evaluation system, comprises the following steps:

[0104] S1: Collect fungal image data of the area to be monitored through the acquisition module, and collect fungal samples and soil samples of the area to be monitored;

[0105] S2: The analysis module in the monitoring terminal receives fungal image data, fungal samples, and soil samples, analyzes the fungal image data to obtain an image evaluation value, and processes and analyzes the fungal samples and soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values;

[0106] S3: The evaluation module in the monitoring terminal evaluates the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value to obtain the evaluation result of the regional macrofungal species diversity.

[0107] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A regional macrofungal species diversity investigation and assessment system, characterized in that, It includes at least one acquisition module and a monitoring terminal wirelessly connected thereto; The acquisition module is used to acquire fungal image data of the area to be monitored, as well as fungal samples and soil samples of the area to be monitored; The monitoring terminal includes: An analysis module, which is used to receive the fungal image data, analyze the fungal image data to obtain an image evaluation value, and also process and analyze the fungal samples and soil samples to obtain a sample evaluation value; An evaluation module, which evaluates the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value to obtain an evaluation result of the regional macrofungal species diversity.

2. The evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein: The image evaluation value includes fungal species, fungal morphology, and fungal coverage; The sample evaluation value includes real-time analysis values of geological feature information and species feature information; Among them, the geological feature information includes soil pH value, soil humidity, soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, and soil heavy metal content; The species feature information includes fungal carbon storage and fungal growth characteristics.

3. The evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition module includes: A drone main body (1), with a chassis (2) provided at its bottom, an electrical device (3) electrically connected to the monitoring terminal provided at its top, and an image acquisition device (4) and a GPS device electrically connected to the electrical device (3); A sample acquisition device (5), which is provided inside the chassis (2) and electrically connected to the electrical device (3); Among them, the sample acquisition device (5) includes: A sample classification and storage part, which is provided inside the chassis (2) and is used to classify and store the collected fungal samples and soil samples; An acquisition part, which is provided at the bottom of the drone main body (1) and inside the sample classification and storage part, and is used to acquire fungal samples and soil samples.

4. The evaluation system according to claim 3, wherein: The sample classification and storage part includes: A carrier frame (51), with a rotating part (53) rotatably provided inside it; A first closed ring (52) and a second closed ring (57), both of which are provided inside the chassis (2) and are respectively spaced on the upper and lower sides of the carrier frame (51); A number of groups of sample storage devices (55), which are inserted on the rotating part (53) in a circular array. A partition seat (510) is provided inside the sample storage device (55), and the partition seat (510) is used to sequentially divide the inner cavity of the sample storage device (55) from top to bottom into a soil sample storage cavity and a fungal sample storage cavity (512). The upper and lower ends of the sample storage device (55) are detachably provided with cover bodies (58), and the upper and lower cover bodies (58) are respectively attached to the opposite sides of the first closed ring (52) and the second closed ring (57). A feeding port is penetrated through the cover body (58), and one end of the feeding port extends towards the partition seat (510); A soil sample feeding pipeline and a fungal sample feeding pipeline (522), which are respectively inserted on the first closed ring (52) and the second closed ring (57). The soil sample feeding pipeline and the fungal sample feeding pipeline (522) are used to respectively communicate with the upper and lower feeding ports in one of the sample storage devices (55), and electromagnetic valves are provided inside the soil sample feeding pipeline and the fungal sample feeding pipeline (522); The rotating device (54) is provided on the first closed ring (52) and is used to drive the rotating member (53) to rotate a preset angle, so that several groups of sample storage devices (55) are respectively communicated with the soil supply pipeline (521) and the fungal sample supply pipeline (522).

5. The evaluation system according to claim 4, wherein: The collection part includes: A negative pressure device (519) is provided at the bottom of the UAV body (1). The input end of the negative pressure device (519) is connected with a collection cylinder (520) through a pipeline. The collection cylinder (520) is located inside the first closed ring (52), the rotating member (53) and the second closed ring (57). The output end of the negative pressure device (519) is respectively communicated with a soil supply pipeline (521) and a fungal sample supply pipeline (522); A bearing plate (523) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the collection cylinder (520) and is connected with the UAV body (1) through a telescopic device (529), and is driven to move up and down by the telescopic device (529); Two conical parts (525) are symmetrically arranged below the collection cylinder (520). An inlet (526) for soil to enter is opened on the outer wall thereof. The two conical parts (525) are both slidably connected with the bearing plate (523) through a sliding plate (524). Knife edges (531) are arranged on the opposite sides of the two sliding plates (524). The two knife edges (531) are in contact with each other when the two conical parts (525) are in contact. Feeding ports (530) for communicating with the conical parts (525) and the collection cylinder (520) are opened on the two sliding plates (524); Two electromagnetic parts (527) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the bottom of the bearing plate (523) and are used to adsorb the two sliding plates (524) respectively by energization to drive the conical parts (525) to move away from each other; A reset elastic part connects the sliding plate (524) and the bearing plate (523) and is used to drive the sliding plate (524) to reset when the electromagnetic part (527) is powered off; A micro camera (528) is connected to the bearing plate (523) through a bracket, and the acquisition end of the micro camera (528) faces the lower end of the collection cylinder (520).

6. The evaluation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A dryer (517) for supplying hot gas is provided at the bottom of the UAV body (1). Several groups of pipelines I (518) are provided at the output end of the dryer (517). Solenoid valves are arranged in the pipelines I (518). The other ends of the pipelines I (518) are inserted into the first closed ring (52) in an annular array and correspond to the sample storage devices (55) one by one. Hollow parts (56) are integrally arranged on both sides of the sample storage device (55). A plurality of ventilation ports (515) communicating with the hollow parts (56) are opened on the inner wall of the sample storage device (55). Exhaust ports are provided at both the upper and lower ends of one of the hollow parts (56), and check valves are arranged in the exhaust ports. An intake pipe (59) for communicating with the pipeline I (518) is provided at the top of the other hollow part (56).

7. The evaluation system according to claim 6, wherein: A rotating shaft is rotatably inserted into the partition seat (510). The rotating shaft is drivingly connected to an impeller member through a sprocket drive set (513). The impeller member is disposed within another hollow member (56) and is driven to rotate by hot gas entering from the intake pipe (59). Scraping blades (514) are provided on both outer walls at the two ends of the rotating shaft located in the soil sample storage chamber and the fungal sample storage chamber (512) for cleaning the inner walls of the soil sample storage chamber and the fungal sample storage chamber (512) when the rotating shaft rotates. A plurality of groups of stirring rods (516) are further provided on the outer walls at both ends of the rotating shaft.

8. The evaluation system according to claim 4, wherein: One end of the material opening facing the partition seat (510) is provided with a closing cover (511) for closing it. The closing cover (511) is rotatably disposed on the cover body (58) through a torsion spring rotating shaft.

9. A method for investigating and evaluating the species diversity of regional macrofungi, using the evaluation system described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Collect fungal image data of the area to be monitored through the collection module, and collect fungal samples and soil samples of the area to be monitored. S2: Receive the fungal image data through the analysis module in the monitoring terminal, analyze the fungal image data to obtain an image evaluation value, and also process and analyze the fungal samples and soil samples to obtain a sample evaluation value. S3: Evaluate the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value through the evaluation module in the monitoring terminal to obtain the evaluation result of the regional macrofungal species diversity.

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