S-band high-power pulse magnetron

Abstract

The invention discloses an S-band high-power pulse magnetron, and belongs to the field of vacuum electronic devices. The device comprises an anode assembly, a cathode assembly, an input assembly, an output assembly and a permanent magnet. An axial output structure is adopted, the sizes and the proportion of the cathode and the anode are improved, meanwhile, the anode voltage is increased, a permanent magnet is adopted for providing a constant magnetic field, and the pulse microwave power of 100 kW or above can be output on the basis of the small size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of vacuum electronic devices, and particularly relates to an S-band high-power pulsed magnetron. Background Art

[0002] A magnetron is a crossed-field microwave oscillator tube. When the magnetron works, electrons between the anode and cathode interact with the high-frequency electromagnetic field under the control of a constant electric field and a constant magnetic field orthogonal to each other in the tube, and through the axial slow-wave structure, the high-voltage electrical energy is converted into microwave energy. It is a vacuum electronic device with the most widespread application and the most successful marketization.

[0003] Existing high-power pulsed magnetrons can output microwaves in the megawatt range, and the output structure adopts a radial output structure, so there is a problem of large volume; in addition, the constant magnetic field used in high-power pulsed magnetrons is also relatively large, mostly provided by custom-made permanent magnets or electromagnets, and the weight and volume will be further increased and it is difficult to integrate. Existing low-power pulsed magnetrons have a small volume, but their output power usually does not exceed 3 kW, which cannot meet the application scenarios of high-power density output. Therefore, it is necessary to study a magnetron that can simultaneously meet the requirements of small volume and large output power to adapt to more application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an S-band high-power pulsed magnetron to solve the problems in the prior art that the pulsed magnetron has too large a volume and weight due to a strong magnetic field and radial output, while the output power of ordinary compact magnetrons is relatively small. The magnetron of the present invention operates in the S band and the output power exceeds 100 kW.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An S-band high-power pulsed magnetron, comprising: an anode assembly, a cathode assembly, an input assembly, an output assembly, and a permanent magnet;

[0007] The anode assembly includes: an anode cylinder, N anode vanes, a diaphragm band, an input end pole shoe, and an output end pole shoe; wherein, the anode cylinder is a circular anode cylinder; the anode vanes are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the anode cylinder, and the cavity between adjacent anode vanes is a fan-shaped cavity; the diaphragm band is a double-ring diaphragm band arranged at both ends of the anode vanes; the input end pole shoe is installed in the open end on one side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located; the output end pole shoe is installed in the open end on one side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located;

[0008] The cathode assembly includes: a cathode emitter, an upstream end cap, a downstream end cap, a cathode connecting rod, and a cathode power supply column; wherein, the cathode emitter is coaxially arranged inside the anode cylinder; the upstream end cap and the downstream end cap are connected to the cathode emitter through the cathode connecting rod; the cathode power supply column is connected to the other end of the upstream end cap to support and fix the cathode;

[0009] The input assembly is fixedly connected to one end of the anode cylinder; the output assembly is fixedly connected to the other end of the anode cylinder;

[0010] The permanent magnet is arranged outside the input assembly and the output assembly to provide a magnetic field for the magnetron;

[0011] It is characterized in that the diameter of the cathode emitter ranges from 10 to 20 mm, and the ratio of the diameter of the cathode emitter to the inner diameter of the anode cylinder is in the range of 0.53 - 0.56;

[0012] The anode voltage ranges from 20 kV to 30 kV;

[0013] The value range of the magnetic field is obtained from formula (1):

[0014]

[0015] In the formula, U a is the anode voltage, r a is the inner radius of the anode cylinder, r c is the radius of the cathode emitter, N is the number of anode vanes, and λ is the wavelength of the output microwave.

[0016] Preferably, the vane gap ratio of the anode vane to the sector cavity is in the range of 3.1 - 3.5.

[0017] Preferably, the value of N is 10 or 12.

[0018] Preferably, the output assembly includes an output cylinder and an antenna inner conductor. One end of the antenna inner conductor forms a coaxial output structure with the output cylinder, and the other end is divided into M paths and passes through the through holes provided on the output end pole shoe and is connected to the anode vanes.

[0019] Preferably, the value of M is 2 - 4.

[0020] Preferably, stepped grooves are provided at both ends of the anode vane, and the stepped grooves of every other anode vane have the same shape. The stepped grooves are used to place the double-ring diaphragm belt and connect the antenna inner conductor.

[0021] Preferably, the thickness of the anode cylinder ranges from 10 mm to 20 mm.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] For a traditional axial low-power pulsed magnetron, the diameter ratio of the anode cylinder to the cathode emitter is generally 0.43 - 0.47, the anode blade slot ratio is generally 1.9 - 2.3, the anode voltage is generally 3 kV - 5 kV, and the magnetic field is generally 0.17 T - 0.19 T. In the present invention, by increasing the diameters of the anode cylinder and the cathode emitter and changing the ratio between the two, and at the same time, increasing the anode voltage while keeping the magnetic field unchanged, under the synergistic effect of the above changes, the magnetron can output microwaves of more than 100 kW in a small volume. In addition, by increasing the number of connection points between the antenna and the anode blades, the working efficiency of the magnetron is further increased; by increasing the thicknesses of the anode blades and the anode cylinder and adjusting the anode blade slot ratio, the working stability of the magnetron is enhanced. On the basis of ensuring a compact design, the present invention greatly improves the output power and can be applied to a broader application prospect. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional sectional structure schematic diagram of the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a longitudinal sectional schematic diagram in the output component direction of the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron in the embodiment without the anode cylinder, anode blades, and stepped grooves;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the anode cylinder, anode blades, and stepped grooves of the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the output power simulation result of the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 It is the anode current simulation result of the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron in the embodiment.

[0030] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Anode assembly, 11. Anode cylinder, 12. Anode blade, 13. Inner ring diaphragm belt, 14. Outer ring diaphragm belt, 15. Stepped groove, 16. Input end pole shoe, 17. Output end pole shoe; 2. Cathode assembly, 21. Cathode emitter, 22. Upstream end cap, 23. Downstream end cap, 24. Cathode connecting rod, 25. Cathode power supply column; 3. Input assembly; 4. Output assembly, 41. Antenna inner conductor; 5. Permanent magnet. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present invention and its application or use.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1 - 4 , this embodiment provides an S-band high-power pulsed magnetron, including an anode assembly, a cathode assembly, an input assembly, an output assembly, and a permanent magnet.

[0033] The anode assembly includes: an anode cylinder, 10 anode vanes, an inner ring diaphragm belt, an outer ring diaphragm belt, a stepped groove, an input end pole shoe, and an output end pole shoe.

[0034] Among them, the anode cylinder is a circular anode cylinder with an inner radius of 25 mm, an outer radius of 40 mm, and a length of 64.8 mm.

[0035] The anode vanes are rectangular anode vanes uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the anode cylinder, with a thickness of 5.75 mm and a length of 29.88 mm. The cavity between adjacent anode vanes is a fan-shaped cavity; stepped grooves are provided at both ends of the anode vanes. The stepped grooves of every other anode vane have the same shape, and the maximum depth of the stepped groove is 6.15 mm; the stepped grooves are used to place the double-ring diaphragm belt, connect the inner conductor of the antenna, and control the stable operation of the magnetron.

[0036] The diaphragm belt is a double-ring diaphragm belt provided at both ends of the anode vanes; among them, the inner ring diaphragm belt is connected to 5 spaced anode vanes, and the outer ring diaphragm belt is connected to the other 5 spaced anode vanes; the inner radii of the inner ring diaphragm belt and the outer ring diaphragm belt are 27.9 mm and 33.2 mm respectively.

[0037] The input end pole shoe is installed inside the open end on the side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located; the output end pole shoe is installed inside the open end on the side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located.

[0038] The cathode assembly includes: a cathode emitter, an upstream end cap, a downstream end cap, a cathode connecting rod, and a cathode power supply column.

[0039] Among them, the cathode emitter is coaxially arranged inside the anode cylinder, with a length of 28 mm and a radius of 6.5 mm.

[0040] The upstream end cap and the downstream end cap are connected to the cathode emitter through a cathode connecting rod; the radius of the end cap is 10 mm and the thickness is 1 mm.

[0041] One end of the cathode power supply column extends into the input component, and the other end is connected to the other end of the upstream end cap to support and fix the cathode; the radius of the cathode power supply column is 6.5 mm.

[0042] The permanent magnet is arranged outside the input component and the output component to provide a magnetic field of 0.18 T for the magnetron.

[0043] The input component is fixedly connected to one end of the anode cylinder and is a cylindrical structure with an inner diameter of 11.5 mm.

[0044] The output component includes an output cylinder and an antenna inner conductor; among them, the inner diameter of the output cylinder is 11.5 mm and is fixedly connected to the other end of the anode cylinder; one end of the antenna inner conductor forms a coaxial output structure with the output cylinder, and the other end is divided into two paths and passes through the through holes provided on the output end pole shoe and is connected to the anode vane, and the distance from the connection point to the highest end face of the anode vane is 5 mm.

[0045] The anode voltage is 25 kV, far exceeding the theoretical range of traditional small magnetrons (anode voltage 3 kV - 5 kV, magnetic field 0.17 T - 0.19 T), and the magnetic field is 0.18 T. On the basis that the same type of permanent magnet can be used for the magnetic field, the anode voltage is greatly increased to achieve high-power output of a small-volume magnetron.

[0046] The cathode-anode radius ratio is 0.542, and the anode vane slot ratio is 3.27, far exceeding the theoretical range of traditional small magnetrons (radius ratio 0.43 - 0.47, vane slot ratio 1.9 - 2.3), realizing stable and high-efficiency operation on the premise of high-power output of a small-volume magnetron.

[0047] It should be noted that: in the present invention, the cathode-anode diameter ratio, the anode voltage, and the magnetic field act synergistically to obtain a higher output power.

[0048] Figure 5 It is the output power simulation result diagram of this embodiment. It can be seen that the output power of this embodiment is 625.4 kW.

[0049] Figure 6 It is the anode current simulation result diagram of this embodiment. It can be seen that the anode current of this embodiment is 42.1 A. From the anode voltage of 25 kV, the working efficiency of this embodiment is 59.4%.

[0050] The high-power pulsed microwave output by the S-band high-power pulsed magnetron provided by the present invention can be used for microwave disinfection and sterilization, and can also be used as a microwave source for electromagnetic interference, especially for countering unmanned vehicles. It is used as a compact high-power pulsed microwave source that can be easily carried or moved, that is, the present invention can expand the application scenarios of miniaturized magnetrons.

[0051] The above are only some embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and adjustments can be made on the premise of adopting the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and adjustments should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power pulsed magnetron in the S-band, comprising: Anode assembly, cathode assembly, input assembly, output assembly, permanent magnet; The anode assembly includes: an anode cylinder, N anode vanes, a diaphragm belt, an input end pole shoe, and an output end pole shoe; wherein, the anode cylinder is a circular anode cylinder; the anode vanes are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the anode cylinder, and the cavity between adjacent anode vanes is a fan-shaped cavity; the diaphragm belt is a double-ring diaphragm belt arranged at both ends of the anode vanes; the input end pole shoe is installed in the open end on the side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located; the output end pole shoe is installed in the open end on the side of the anode cylinder where the input assembly is located; The cathode assembly includes: a cathode emitter, an upstream end cap, a downstream end cap, a cathode connecting rod, and a cathode power supply column; wherein, the cathode emitter is coaxially arranged inside the anode cylinder; the upstream end cap and the downstream end cap are connected to the cathode emitter through the cathode connecting rod; the cathode power supply column is connected to the other end of the upstream end cap to support and fix the cathode; The input assembly is fixedly connected to one end of the anode cylinder; the output assembly is fixedly connected to the other end of the anode cylinder; The permanent magnet is arranged outside the input assembly and the output assembly to provide a magnetic field for the magnetron; It is characterized in that the diameter of the cathode emitter ranges from 10 to 20 mm, and the ratio of the diameter of the cathode emitter to the inner diameter of the anode cylinder is in the range of 0.53 - 0.56; The value range of the anode voltage is 20 kV - 30 kV; The value range of the magnetic field is obtained by formula (1): Where U a is the anode voltage, r a is the inner radius of the anode cylinder, r c is the radius of the cathode emitter, N is the number of anode vanes, and λ is the wavelength of the output microwave.

2. The high-power pulsed magnetron in S band according to claim 1, characterized in that The vane slit ratio of the anode vane to the fan-shaped cavity is in the range of 3.1 - 3.5; 3. The S-band high-power pulsed magnetron according to claim 2, characterized in that, The value of N is 10 or 12; 4. The S-band high-power pulsed magnetron according to claim 3, characterized in that, The output assembly includes an output cylinder and an antenna inner conductor. One end of the antenna inner conductor forms a coaxial output structure with the output cylinder, and the other end is divided into M paths to pass through the through holes provided on the output end pole shoe and connect to the anode vanes; 5. The S-band high-power pulsed magnetron according to claim 4, characterized in that The value of M is 2 - 4; 6. An S-band high-power pulsed magnetron according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Step grooves are provided at both ends of the anode vane. The step grooves of every other anode vane have the same shape. The step grooves are used to place the double-ring diaphragm belt and connect the antenna inner conductor; 7. The S-band high-power pulsed magnetron according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness value range of the anode cylinder is 10 mm - 20 mm;

Images