Automobile piston machining lathe based on 3D vision measurement

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of precision machining, in particular to an automobile piston machining lathe based on 3D vision measurement, which comprises a lathe main body, a mechanical arm, a track and a 3D camera. The track is arranged on the front side of the lathe body, a driving assembly on the track comprises a driving motor and a driving lead screw, and a mechanical arm base installed on the track is driven to slide in the axial direction through lead screw transmission. A rotating assembly is arranged in the base and composed of a servo motor and a gear motor, and the mechanical arm can be driven to rotate by 360 degrees. The mechanical arm is of a multi-stage structure of a supporting arm, a first arm, a second arm and a third arm, all stages of arm sections are connected through a motor, a 3D camera is carried at the front end, during working, the working range of the mechanical arm is expanded through the track and the driving assembly, the position and angle of the 3D camera are flexibly adjusted through the rotating assembly and the multi-stage arm sections, and multi-angle three-dimensional data collection of the automobile piston is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precision machining, and particularly to an automobile piston processing lathe based on 3D vision measurement. Background Art

[0002] In the modern automobile manufacturing process, as a key component of the engine, the accuracy and quality of the piston directly determine the overall performance of the engine. Traditional piston processing methods mainly rely on manual operation or simple automation equipment, and these methods have the following problems:

[0003] Insufficient accuracy:

[0004] Traditional processing methods are difficult to ensure high precision, especially in the processing of complex shapes and fine structures. Manual operation is prone to errors, affecting the quality consistency of the final product.

[0005] Low efficiency:

[0006] Manual operation is slow and cannot meet the requirements of large-scale production. Even existing automation equipment still has the problem of low processing efficiency due to the lack of precise positioning and real-time feedback mechanisms.

[0007] Unstable quality:

[0008] Manual operation is prone to poor product consistency, especially between different batches. In addition, traditional equipment lacks effective quality inspection means and it is difficult to detect and correct quality problems in a timely manner during the processing.

[0009] Lack of flexibility:

[0010] Existing automation equipment is usually designed in a fixed mode and is difficult to adapt to the processing requirements of pistons of different models and specifications. This limits the versatility and application range of the equipment.

[0011] Safety hazards:

[0012] During the manual operation process, workers may face the risk of mechanical injury. In addition, due to the lack of effective monitoring and protection measures, accidental failures may also occur during the operation of the equipment, affecting production safety. Summary of the Invention

[0013] (1) Technical problems to be solved

[0014] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an automobile piston processing lathe based on 3D vision measurement.

[0015] (2) Technical solutions

[0016] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement of the present invention includes a lathe main body, a robotic arm, a track, and a 3D camera. The track is installed on the front side of the lathe main body. The robotic arm is slidably installed on the track. The 3D camera is installed at the front end of the robotic arm. A driving component is installed on the track. A base is installed at the bottom of the robotic arm. The base is adapted to the driving component. The driving component is used to drive the base to slide axially along the track. A rotating component is installed on the base. The robotic arm is adapted to the rotating component. The rotating component is used to drive the robotic arm to rotate by a certain degree.

[0017] Preferably, the robotic arm includes a support arm, arm one, arm two, and arm three. The support arm is installed on the rotating component. Arm one is connected to the support arm. Arm two is connected to arm one. Arm three is connected to arm two.

[0018] Further preferably, a motor one is installed at the end of the support arm. The output end of the motor one is connected to the bottom end of arm one. A motor two is installed at the top end of arm one. The output end of the motor two is connected to arm two. A motor three is installed at the bottom end of arm two. Arm three is installed at the output end of the motor three. A motor four is installed at the front end of arm three. The 3D camera is installed at the output end of the motor four.

[0019] Again preferably, the base includes a sliding seat and a top seat. An inner cavity is provided inside the sliding seat. The rotating component is installed in the inner cavity. The top seat is installed at the output end of the rotating component. And the top seat is slidably installed on the top of the sliding seat.

[0020] Preferably, the rotating component includes a servo motor and a reduction motor. The inner cavity includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity. A partition is provided between the upper cavity and the lower cavity. The servo motor is installed in the lower cavity. The reduction motor is installed on the partition and is located in the upper cavity. The output end of the servo motor passes through the partition and is connected to the input end of the servo motor. The top seat is installed at the output end of the reduction motor.

[0021] Further preferably, a chute is provided at the top of the sliding seat. The bottom of the top seat is slidably connected to the chute through a slide bar.

[0022] Again preferably, the driving component includes a driving motor and a driving lead screw. An adjustment groove is provided inside the track. The driving lead screw is rotatably installed in the adjustment groove. The driving motor is fixedly installed at the end of the track. The end of the driving lead screw passes through the track and is connected to the output end of the driving motor.

[0023] Preferably, guide grooves are provided at the top and bottom of the track. A slider is provided at the rear end of the sliding seat. The slider is sleeved on the track. And the slider is adapted to the driving lead screw and the guide grooves.

[0024] (3) Beneficial Effects

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement, having the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Through the collaborative design of multiple components, significant technological improvements are achieved. The lathe body provides a stable support, ensuring the stability of machining and laying a foundation for high-precision machining.

[0027] The track cooperates with the drive assembly. The drive lead screw converts the rotational motion into the linear sliding of the robotic arm. Combining with the guide groove and slider structure, the robotic arm is accurately positioned and moves smoothly, greatly expanding the working range of the 3D camera and the robotic arm, and can cover different machining positions on the front side of the lathe body.

[0028] In the base and the rotating assembly, the servo motor drives the robotic arm to rotate 360 degrees after the torque is increased by the reduction motor. The top seat is slidably connected to the slide bar through the chute, ensuring stable rotation without deviation, realizing multi-angle measurement by the 3D camera, and accurately obtaining the three-dimensional data of the automotive piston.

[0029] The multi-stage arm sections of the robotic arm are combined with motors. Each motor independently controls the rotation of the corresponding arm section, flexibly adjusting the spatial posture of the 3D camera to meet the measurement requirements of complex machining scenarios. The 3D camera monitors the machining process in real time based on the optical principle, and combines with the feedback adjustment of the control system to achieve closed-loop machining control, significantly improving the machining accuracy and production efficiency of automotive pistons, reducing the rejection rate, and providing an efficient and reliable machining equipment for the manufacturing of automotive pistons. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic top view of the whole of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic front view of the whole of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the robotic arm structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sliding seat of the present invention;

[0034] In the figure: 1, lathe body; 2, robotic arm; 3, track; 4, sliding seat; 5, 3D camera; 6, top seat; 7, slider; 8, drive lead screw; 9, drive motor; 10, guide groove; 11, support arm; 12, arm one; 13, arm two; 14, arm three; 15, motor one; 16, motor two; 17, motor three; 18, motor four; 19, upper cavity; 20, lower cavity; 21, partition board; 22, servo motor; 23, reduction motor; 24, slide bar. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , a lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement of the present invention, includes a lathe main body 1, a robotic arm 2, a track 3, and a 3D camera 5. The track 3 is installed on the front side of the lathe main body 1. The robotic arm 2 is slidably installed on the track 3. The 3D camera 5 is installed at the front end of the robotic arm 2. A driving component is installed on the track 3. A base is installed at the bottom of the robotic arm 2. The base is adapted to the driving component. The driving component is used to drive the base to slide axially along the track 3. A rotating component is installed on the base. The robotic arm 2 is adapted to the rotating component. The rotating component is used to drive the robotic arm 2 to rotate 360 degrees.

[0037] Lathe main body 1

[0038] The lathe main body 1 is the basic support structure of the entire processing equipment, providing an installation platform and a working foundation for other components.

[0039] Track 3 and driving component

[0040] The track 3 is installed on the front side of the lathe main body 1 and serves as a guiding structure for the sliding of the robotic arm 2. After the driving motor 9 in the driving component is powered on, electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy to drive the driving lead screw 8 to rotate. Due to the interaction between the driving lead screw 8 and the slider 7 on the base, according to the principle of screw transmission, the rotational motion of the lead screw is converted into a linear motion of the base along the axial direction of the track 3, thereby realizing the sliding of the robotic arm 2 on the track 3, enabling the robotic arm 2 to reach different positions on the front side of the lathe main body 1, and expanding the working range of the 3D camera 5 and the robotic arm 2.

[0041] Base and rotating component

[0042] The base is composed of a sliding seat 4 and a top seat 6. The sliding seat 4 is matched with the guiding groove 10 on the track 3 through the slider 7 to ensure the stability and guiding property of the base when sliding on the track 3. After the servo motor 22 in the rotating component is started, it outputs high-speed rotational power. After being decelerated and torque-increased by the reduction motor 23, the power is transmitted to the top seat 6, enabling the top seat 6 to drive the robotic arm 2 installed thereon to rotate 360 degrees, thereby adjusting the angles of the robotic arm 2 and the 3D camera 5 for measuring and machining operations on the automotive piston from different directions.

[0043] Robotic arm 2 and 3D camera 5

[0044] The robotic arm 2 is composed of a support arm 11, a first arm 12, a second arm 13, and a third arm 14. Through the coordinated operation of multiple motors (motor one 15, motor two 16, motor three 17, motor four 18), the relative rotation of each arm segment is achieved, thereby adjusting the spatial position and posture of the 3D camera 5. Based on the optical principle, the 3D camera 5 emits and receives light to obtain the three-dimensional data information of the surface of the automotive piston, providing an accurate measurement basis for subsequent processing.

[0045] For the lathe body 1 in this technical solution, a piston processing lathe with mature application technology can be used, such as the piston processing lathe of model GENOS L3000-M, the piston processing lathe of model PUMA SMX 2600S, or the piston processing lathe of model Lynx220SY.

[0046] For the 3D camera 5 in this technical solution, a 3D laser camera with mature application technology can be used, such as the laser camera of model In-Sight 3D-L4000 or the laser camera of the LJ-V7000 series.

[0047] Heat dissipation holes can be opened at the motor installation locations of the sliding seat 4, the support arm 11, the first arm 12, the second arm 13, and the third arm 14 for the motors used in this technical solution to dissipate heat.

[0048] Working principle of the preferred technical solution

[0049] Preferred structure of the robotic arm

[0050] The motor one 15 installed at the end of the support arm 11 drives the first arm 12 to rotate around its bottom end, achieving the angular adjustment of the robotic arm 2 in one direction; the motor two 16 at the top of the first arm 12 drives the second arm 13 to rotate, further expanding the movement range of the robotic arm 2; the motor three 17 at the bottom of the second arm 13 drives the third arm 14 to rotate, enabling the robotic arm 2 to adjust its posture more flexibly; the motor four 18 at the front end of the third arm 14 drives the 3D camera 5 to rotate, precisely adjusting the shooting angle of the 3D camera 5 to meet the measurement requirements at different positions and angles. This structure with multi-stage arm segments and motors greatly improves the flexibility and operation accuracy of the robotic arm 2.

[0051] Preferred structure of the base

[0052] The inner cavity provided inside the sliding seat 4 is used to install the rotating component. Encapsulating the rotating component in the inner cavity not only protects the rotating component but also makes the base structure more compact. The top seat 6 is slidably connected to the chute at the top of the sliding seat 4 through the slide rod 24. When the rotating component drives the top seat 6 to rotate, the slide rod 24 slides in the chute, ensuring the stability and smoothness of the rotation of the top seat 6. At the same time, the movement of the top seat 6 in the horizontal direction is restricted, enabling the top seat 6 to only rotate around the axis of the rotating component.

[0053] Preferred structure of rotating assembly

[0054] The servo motor 22 is installed in the lower chamber 20, using the space in the lower chamber 20 to accommodate the motor and rationally arrange the internal structure of the base. The reduction motor 23 is installed on the partition 21 and located in the upper chamber 19. The high-speed rotational power output by the servo motor 22 is transmitted to the reduction motor 23 via a shaft passing through the partition 21. The reduction motor 23 reduces the speed and increases the torque according to the transmission ratio, and then transmits the power to the top seat 6, achieving stable and precise 360-degree rotation of the robot arm 2. This method of layering the servo motor 22 and the reduction motor 23 fully utilizes the internal space of the base and improves the working efficiency and stability of the rotating assembly.

[0055] Optimal structure of drive components

[0056] Adjustment slots within track 3 provide mounting space and rotational support for drive screw 8. Drive motor 9 is fixedly mounted at the end of track 3, transmitting power to drive screw 8 via couplings and other transmission components, enabling smooth rotation of drive screw 8 within the adjustment slots. Guide slots 10 at the top and bottom of track 3 engage with slider 7 at the rear end of slide base 4. When the drive assembly drives the base, guide slots 10 guide and limit slider 7, ensuring accurate axial movement of the base along track 3, preventing deviation and wobbling, and improving the sliding precision and stability of robotic arm 2.

[0057] Detailed workflow

[0058] Initial preparation: Place the automobile piston on the processing station of the lathe body 1, connect the power supply and control system of the lathe body 1, initialize and self-check the 3D camera 5, robotic arm 2, drive assembly and rotation assembly, etc. to ensure that all components are working properly.

[0059] Position adjustment: The drive motor 9 in the drive assembly is started, driving the drive screw 8 to rotate, causing the base to slide axially along the track 3, and moving the robotic arm 2 to the appropriate measurement starting position; then the servo motor 22 and reduction motor 23 in the rotation assembly work, driving the robotic arm 2 to rotate, adjusting the angle between the robotic arm 2 and the 3D camera 5, so that the 3D camera 5 is aligned with the car piston.

[0060] 3D measurement: The 3D camera 5 emits light and receives light reflected from the surface of the car piston. Through internal image processing algorithms and optical principles, it obtains three-dimensional data information of the car piston surface and transmits the data to the control system.

[0061] Data processing: The control system analyzes and processes the three-dimensional data transmitted by the 3D camera 5, compares it with the preset piston model data, and calculates information such as the machining allowance, machining position and machining parameters of the automobile piston.

[0062] Robotic arm 2 adjustment: According to the data processing results, the control system sends commands to each motor (motor one 15, motor two 16, motor three 17, motor four 18) on the robotic arm 2 to adjust the posture of the robotic arm 2 and the position of the 3D camera 5, so that the robotic arm 2 and the 3D camera 5 are in the best processing observation positions.

[0063] Processing operation: The lathe main body 1 starts the processing tool to perform a processing operation on the automotive piston according to the processing parameters sent by the control system. During the processing, the 3D camera 5 monitors the processing state of the automotive piston in real time, continuously obtains the three-dimensional data of the processed surface, and transmits it to the control system.

[0064] Real-time feedback and adjustment: The control system compares the processed data obtained in real time with the target data, and adjusts the position and posture of the robotic arm 2, the parameters of the processing tool, etc. in a timely manner according to the deviation situation to ensure the processing accuracy of the automotive piston.

[0065] Processing completion: When the processing of the automotive piston is completed, the 3D camera 5 measures the piston comprehensively again. After confirming that the processing accuracy meets the requirements, the control system controls the robotic arm 2 to return to the initial position, and the drive assembly moves the base to the designated position to wait for the processing of the next automotive piston.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automobile piston processing lathe based on 3D vision measurement, characterized in that, It includes a lathe body (1), a robotic arm (2), a track (3), and a 3D camera (5). The track (3) is installed on the front side of the lathe body (1). The robotic arm (2) is slidably installed on the track (3). The 3D camera (5) is installed at the front end of the robotic arm (2). A driving component is installed on the track (3). A base is installed at the bottom of the robotic arm (2). The base is adapted to the driving component. The driving component is used to drive the base to slide axially along the track (3). A rotating component is installed on the base. The robotic arm (2) is adapted to the rotating component. The rotating component is used to drive the robotic arm (2) to rotate 360 degrees.

2. The lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The robotic arm (2) includes a support arm (11), an arm one (12), an arm two (13), and an arm three (14). The support arm (11) is installed on the rotating component. The arm one (12) is connected to the support arm (11). The arm two (13) is connected to the arm one (12). The arm three (14) is connected to the arm two (13).

3. A lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that, A motor one (15) is installed at the end of the support arm (11). The output end of the motor one (15) is connected to the bottom end of the arm one (12). A motor two (16) is installed at the top end of the arm one (12). The output end of the motor two (16) is connected to the arm two (13). A motor three (17) is installed at the bottom end of the arm two (13). The arm three (14) is installed at the output end of the motor three (17). A motor four (18) is installed at the front end of the arm three (14). The 3D camera (5) is installed at the output end of the motor four (18).

4. A lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes a sliding seat (4) and a top seat (6). The inside of the sliding seat (4) is provided with an inner cavity. The rotating component is installed in the inner cavity. The top seat (6) is installed at the output end of the rotating component, and the top seat (6) is slidably installed on the top of the sliding seat (4).

5. The lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating component includes a servo motor (22) and a reduction motor (23). The inner cavity includes an upper cavity (19) and a lower cavity (20). A partition (21) is provided between the upper cavity (19) and the lower cavity (20). The servo motor (22) is installed in the lower cavity (20). The reduction motor (23) is installed on the partition (21) and is located in the upper cavity (19). The output end of the servo motor (22) passes through the partition (21) and is connected to the input end of the servo motor (22). The top seat (6) is installed at the output end of the reduction motor (23).

6. The lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that, A chute is provided at the top of the sliding seat (4). The bottom of the top seat (6) is slidably connected to the chute through a slide bar (24).

7. A lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement according to claim 1, wherein, The driving component includes a driving motor (9) and a driving lead screw (8). An adjustment groove is provided inside the track (3). The driving lead screw (8) is rotatably installed in the adjustment groove. The driving motor (9) is fixedly installed at the end of the track (3). The end of the driving lead screw (8) passes through the track (3) and is connected to the output end of the driving motor (9).

8. A lathe for machining automotive pistons based on 3D vision measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top and bottom of the track (3) are provided with guide grooves (10). A slider (7) is provided at the rear end of the sliding seat (4). The slider (7) is sleeved on the track (3), and the slider (7) is adapted to the driving lead screw (8) and the guide groove (10).

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