Aluminum connector part surface strengthening tool and method

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to an aluminum connector part surface strengthening tool and method, and belongs to the field of surface machining. The aluminum connector part is provided with a plane or a regular rotary body surface, areas needing surface strengthening exist on the two faces, and at least two through holes are formed and include the hole A and the hole B; according to the method, the surface of a planar or regular rotary body can be strengthened, meanwhile, the irregular surface can be strengthened, and the surface of a part can be accurately covered. And after the part is clamped at a time, all areas, needing laser shock peening, of the front face and the back face of the part can be machined through the rotating movement action of the mechanical arm of the robot of the laser peening equipment. The part production efficiency can be effectively improved, the surface roughness and size precision of parts are better guaranteed, the labor intensity of operators is low, and safety is good. The tool clamp is practical in structure, accurate in positioning, firm in clamping and easy to machine and manufacture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a surface strengthening tooling and method for aluminum joint parts, belonging to the field of surface processing. Background Art

[0002] This type of parts is integrally machined from aluminum alloy forgings and consists of lugs, webs, flanges and stiffeners. It is necessary to perform surface strengthening on the stress concentration areas such as the root of the lug of the part and the rounded corners at the intersections of the two webs and flanges on both sides. As Figure 9 shown, the areas that need to be surface-strengthened on the front of the part, such as the fillets R1 and R2 at the root of the ribs on the front of the part, and the edge R3 where the two planes meet around the upper lug of the part. As Figure 10 shown, the areas that need to be surface-strengthened on the back of the part, such as the fillets R4 and R5 at the root of the ribs on the back of the part.

[0003] Surface strengthening treatment can effectively improve the fatigue resistance and service life of the metal materials of the parts. The parts work in a complex environment for a long time and are easily affected by corrosion. The surface strengthening treatment can form a protective layer to isolate the direct contact between the metal and the environment, thereby improving its corrosion resistance. The surface strengthening treatment enhances the resistance of the parts to external damage, prevents crack initiation, and reduces stress corrosion cracks.

[0004] At present, laser shock peening is generally used in China to perform surface strengthening treatment on parts. Laser shock peening is based on the interaction between a high-power, short-pulse laser beam and an energy-absorbing coating coated on the surface of a metal part. When the laser beam irradiates the coating through a transparent constraint layer, the coating quickly absorbs energy and vaporizes to form a high-temperature, high-pressure plasma. These plasmas continue to absorb laser energy and rapidly heat up and expand, and then explode to form a high-intensity shock wave, which acts on the surface of the metal part. When the peak pressure of the shock wave exceeds the dynamic yield strength of the metal material, the metal material undergoes plastic deformation, and compressive residual stress is formed in the metal structure, thereby significantly improving the damage tolerance, fatigue life and strength of the metal material.

[0005] During the process of laser shock peening the joint parts, it is necessary to separately convert the machined surfaces of the parts for clamping, and separately strengthen the areas that need to be strengthened on both sides of the parts. The operator needs to frequently replace the laser shock peening tooling. Such operation results in large laser irradiation errors, requires the operator to repeat programming, confirm the laser strengthening trajectory, with high labor intensity of the operator, long production preparation time for the parts, and low production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a surface strengthening tooling for aluminum joint parts, which uses a special tooling for positioning, fixing and clamping, and adopts a simple and practical one-plane-two-hole positioning method for positioning to ensure accurate positioning and firm clamping of the parts during the strengthening process.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a surface strengthening tooling for aluminum joint parts. A dedicated tooling is designed to clamp the parts, and the tooling avoids the laser shock strengthening area of the parts, ensuring the primary clamping stability during the strengthening process and the dimensional accuracy of the strengthening area, and eliminating repeated programming.

[0008] To simplify the surface strengthening process of the parts and avoid repeated clamping of the parts, part hanging is adopted. Utilizing the self - structure characteristics of the parts and the performance that the robotic arm of the laser shock strengthening equipment can rotate freely, a surface strengthening tooling for the parts is designed, and then the tooling is connected to the robotic arm of the shock strengthening equipment through a connecting flange.

[0009] The present invention mainly adopts a one - plane - two - hole positioning method, using the abdominal plate surface of the part and two holes A and B as the positioning. This positioning method has high precision and a simple structure. At the same time, it restricts the movement and rotation of the part, preventing the part from shifting during the surface treatment process. And this positioning method has a low manufacturing cost, is easy to process, and is also convenient for the part to be disassembled and replaced on the tooling.

[0010] The equipment required for the surface treatment of the parts is a laser shock strengthening equipment, which is equipped with a robot. The robotic arm of the robot can rotate in multiple directions and at multiple angles according to the usage requirements. The robotic arm is connected to other toolings and equipment through 8 holes and 1 positioning hole on the flange plate.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present application, a surface strengthening tooling for aluminum joint parts is provided. The aluminum joint parts have a flat surface or a regular rotating body surface, with areas requiring surface strengthening on both sides, and there are at least two through - holes, which are hole A and hole B respectively.

[0012] The surface strengthening tooling for aluminum joint parts is composed of a connecting plate (1), a support (2), spacer block I (3), spacer block II (4), positioning sleeve I (5), positioning sleeve II (6), backing plate I (7), backing plate II (8), cylindrical pin (9), connecting bolt (10), hexagon socket head bolt (11), compression nut (12), stud (13), nut (14), base plate (15), vertical plate (16), and rib plate (17).

[0013] The support (2) is obtained by welding the base plate (15), the vertical plate (16), and the rib plate (17). The base plate (15) and the vertical plate (16) are welded into a T - shaped structure, and the rib plate (17) is welded to the back of the vertical plate (16).

[0014] The function of the rib plate (17) is to enhance the strength and rigidity of the structure, and at the same time prevent the structure from deforming without increasing the material thickness. Such a structure is firm and reliable and is not prone to deformation during use.

[0015] The said support (2) is installed on the connecting plate (1) by using a cylindrical pin (9) and fixed by an internal hexagonal bolt (11);

[0016] Threaded holes and cylindrical pin holes are provided on the said vertical plate (16) for installing other components.

[0017] The said spacer block I (3) is provided with countersunk bolt holes and countersunk pin holes. The spacer block I (3) is also provided with round holes for installing the positioning sleeve I (5);

[0018] The said spacer block II (4) is provided with countersunk bolt holes and countersunk pin holes. The spacer block II (4) is also provided with round holes for installing the positioning sleeve II (6);

[0019] The said positioning sleeve I (5) is a shoulder bushing. The large end is fitted with hole A, and the small end is fitted with the spacer block I (3);

[0020] The said positioning sleeve II (6) is also a shoulder bushing. The large end is fitted with hole B, and the small end is fitted with the spacer block II (4).

[0021] The said cylindrical pin (9) installs the spacer block I (3) and the spacer block II (4) on the support (2) respectively and fixes them by using an internal hexagonal bolt (11).

[0022] The 2 said stud bolts (13) pass through the spacer block I (3) and the spacer block II (4) respectively, are screwed into the vertical plate (16), and nuts (14) are respectively installed on the back of the vertical plate (16) to fix the stud bolts (13);

[0023] The small end of the said positioning sleeve I (5) is placed in the round hole of the spacer block I (3), and the large end is in close contact with the upper surface of the spacer block I (3)

[0024] with no gap;

[0025] The small end of the said positioning sleeve II (6) is placed in the round hole of the spacer block II (4), and the large end is in close contact with the upper surface of the spacer block II (4) with no gap.

[0026] Bolt holes and positioning pin holes (18) for connecting with the flange of the robot manipulator of the laser shock peening equipment are provided on the said connecting plate (1) for installing the surface strengthening tooling of the aluminum joint parts on the robot manipulator of the laser shock peening equipment.

[0027] Since the aluminum joint parts are made of aluminum alloy material, while ensuring the overall rigidity of the tooling, the damage to the surface of the parts during clamping is avoided as much as possible. The spacer plates I (7) and II (8) are made of aluminum material.

[0028] During the laser shock peening process, circulating water is generally used as the constraint layer. During the use of the tooling, it is often splashed by water flow. In order to prevent the surface of the tooling from rusting, the connecting plate (1), support (2), spacer block I (3), spacer block II (4), positioning sleeve I (5), positioning sleeve II (6) and various standard parts in the tooling are all made of materials with good corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and good welding performance, usually 6061-T651.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present application, a surface strengthening method for an aluminum joint part is provided, which is carried out by using a robot of a laser shock peening device in cooperation with the above-mentioned surface strengthening tooling for aluminum joint parts;

[0030] It includes the following steps:

[0031] Set the aluminum joint part upright, put the hole A of the aluminum joint part on the positioning sleeve I (5), and at the same time position the hole B of the aluminum joint part on the large end of the positioning sleeve II (6), so that one side of the aluminum joint part fits with the surfaces of the spacer block I (3) and spacer block II (4); place the backing plate I (7) on the hole A of the aluminum joint part, place the backing plate II (8) on the hole B of the aluminum joint part, and fix them firmly with the compression nuts (12) respectively;

[0032] Start the robot of the laser shock peening device, and perform surface strengthening on the area that needs surface strengthening on one side of the aluminum joint part according to the pre-set program. After one side is completed, the robotic arm of the laser shock peening device rotates 180°, and perform surface strengthening on the area that needs surface strengthening on the other side of the aluminum joint part according to the pre-set program.

[0033] Optionally, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, there are holes of different sizes on the web of the part. In order to facilitate surface strengthening of different areas that need to be strengthened on the front and back sides of the part, holes A and B on the part are used as positioning holes, and the part is set upright so that the lugs of the part face one side.

[0035] As Figure 2 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 shown, put the circular hole A on the web of the part on the positioning sleeve I (5), and at the same time position the circular hole B on the web of the part on the large end of the positioning sleeve II (6), so that the web surface of the part fits with the surfaces of the spacer block I (3) and spacer block II (4) of the support (2).

[0036] Place the backing plate I (7) on the hole A on the web surface of the part, and place the backing plate II on the hole B on the web surface of the part

[0037] (8) and are respectively fixed firmly by using compression nuts (12).

[0038] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: The present invention can strengthen the surface of a plane or a regular rotating body, and at the same time can also strengthen an irregular surface, and can accurately cover the surface of the part. The present invention does not require repeated clamping. After clamping the part once, through the rotational movement of the robotic arm of the laser strengthening equipment, all the areas that need laser shock strengthening on the front and back of the part can be processed. The present invention can effectively improve the production efficiency of the part, better ensure the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the part, the labor intensity of the operator is low, and the safety is good. The invented fixture structure is practical, accurately positioned, firmly clamped, and easy to process and manufacture. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an aluminum joint part;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram when the aluminum joint part is installed on the surface strengthening fixture for the aluminum joint part, where a is a bottom view, b and d are side views, c is a front view, and e is a top view;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the surface strengthening fixture for the aluminum joint part;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a support;

[0043] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of spacer I;

[0044] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of spacer II;

[0045] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of positioning sleeve I;

[0046] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of positioning sleeve II;

[0047] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the front strengthening area of the part;

[0048] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the back strengthening area of the part;

[0049] Figure 11 is a three-dimensional front schematic diagram of the installation of the part and the fixture;

[0050] Figure 12 is a three-dimensional back schematic diagram of the installation of the part and the fixture;

[0051] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a connection plate;

[0052] Among them, 1 connecting plate, 2 support, 3 spacer I, 4 spacer II, 5 positioning sleeve I, 6 positioning sleeve II, 7 backing plate I, 8 backing plate II, 9 cylindrical pin, 10 connecting bolt, 11 hexagon socket head bolt, 12 compression nut, 13 stud, 14 nut, 15 base plate, 16 vertical plate, 17 rib plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0053] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] 1) Selection of tooling materials: To meet the requirements of corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and good welding performance of the tooling. Select 1Cr18Ni9Ti material to make the connecting plate (1), support (2), spacer I (3), spacer II (4), positioning sleeve I (5), positioning sleeve II (6) and various standard parts in the tooling.

[0056] 2) Cleaning of tooling and parts: Use the prepared cleaning fluid and clean the parts with an ultrasonic cleaning machine at a temperature of 55°C to 60°C, ultrasonic output frequency: 25 kHz to 27 kHz, and cleaning duration of 15 min to 30 min. After cleaning, rinse in warm water at 40°C to 60°C for about 5 min, and then dry with a clean white cotton cloth. If necessary, the laser shock strengthening area can be scrubbed twice with acetone.

[0057] 3) Assembly of tooling

[0058] As Figure 3 shown, install the support (2) on the connecting plate (1) using the cylindrical pin (9), and fix it with the hexagon socket head bolt (11).

[0059] Install the spacer I (3) and spacer II (4) on the support (2) respectively using the cylindrical pin (9), and fix them with the hexagon socket head bolt (11).

[0060] Pass 2 studs (13) through the spacer I (3) and spacer II (4) respectively, screw them into the vertical plate (16), and install nuts (14) on the back of the vertical plate (16) respectively to fix the studs (13).

[0061] Put the small end of the positioning sleeve I (5) into the large hole of the spacer I (3), and the large end is tightly attached to the upper surface of the spacer I (3) without gaps.

[0062] Put the small end of the positioning sleeve II (6) into the large hole of the spacer II (4), and the large end is tightly attached to the upper surface of the spacer II (4) without gaps.

[0063] 4) Connect the tooling to the robotic arm of the laser strengthening equipment using the connecting plate (1). Use the cylindrical pin (9) to position the flange of the robotic arm of the laser strengthening equipment, and install the connecting bolts (10). Fix them firmly with nuts.

[0064] 5) Paste aluminum foil tape: Paste 2 layers of aluminum foil tape on the strengthening area of the part. After pasting, the surface of the aluminum foil tape should be tightly adhered, flat, without bubbles, wrinkles, obvious scratches or damage. The pasted and covered area should exceed the boundary of the strengthening area by more than 5 mm.

[0065] 6) Clamp the part:

[0066] As Figure 2 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 shown, put the circular hole A on the web of the part on the positioning sleeve I (5), and at the same time position the circular hole B on the web of the part on the large end of the positioning sleeve II (6), so that the web surface of the part fits with the surfaces of the cushion block I (3) and the cushion block II (4) of the support (2).

[0067] Place the cushion block I (7) at the A hole on the web surface of the part, place the cushion block II (8) at the B hole on the web surface of the part, and fix them firmly with the compression nuts (12) respectively.

[0068] Start the robot of the laser shock strengthening equipment, and perform surface strengthening on the area that needs surface strengthening on one side of the aluminum joint part according to the pre-determined program. After one side is completed, the robotic arm of the laser shock strengthening equipment rotates 180°, and perform surface strengthening on the area that needs surface strengthening on the other side of the aluminum joint part according to the pre-determined program.

[0069] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make several deformations or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A surface strengthening tooling for an aluminum joint part, characterized in that the aluminum joint part has a flat surface or a regular rotating body surface, there are areas that need to be surface-strengthened on both sides, and there are at least two through holes, namely hole A and hole B; the surface strengthening tooling for the aluminum joint part consists of a connecting plate (1), a support (2), spacer block I (3), spacer block II (4), positioning sleeve I (5), positioning sleeve II (6), backing plate I (7), backing plate II (8), cylindrical pin (9), connecting bolt (10), hexagon socket head bolt (11), compression nut (12), stud (13), nut (14), bottom plate (15), vertical plate (16), rib plate (17).

2. The surface strengthening tooling for the aluminum joint part according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (2) is obtained by welding the bottom plate (15), the vertical plate (16), and the rib plate (17), the bottom plate (15) and the vertical plate (16) are welded into a T-shaped structure, and the rib plate (17) is welded to the back of the vertical plate (16); the support (2) is installed on the connecting plate (1) by using the cylindrical pin (9) and fixed by the hexagon socket head bolt (11); the vertical plate (16) is provided with a threaded hole and a cylindrical pin hole.

3. The surface strengthening tooling for the aluminum joint part according to claim 2, characterized in that the spacer block I (3) is provided with a countersunk head bolt hole, a countersunk head pin hole, and the spacer block I (3) is also provided with a round hole for installing the positioning sleeve I (5); the spacer block II (4) is provided with a countersunk head bolt hole, a countersunk head pin hole, and the spacer block II (4) is also provided with a round hole for installing the positioning sleeve II (6); the positioning sleeve I (5) is a shoulder bushing, the large end is matched with hole A, and the small end is matched with the spacer block I (3); the positioning sleeve II (6) is also a shoulder bushing, the large end is matched with hole B, and the small end is matched with the spacer block II (4); the cylindrical pin (9) installs the spacer block I (3) and the spacer block II (4) on the support (2) respectively and fixes them by using the hexagon socket head bolt (11).

4. The surface strengthening tooling for the aluminum joint part according to claim 3, characterized in that the 2 studs (13) respectively pass through the spacer block I (3) and the spacer block II (4), are screwed into the vertical plate (16), and nuts (14) are respectively added to the back of the vertical plate (16) to fix the studs (13); the small end of the positioning sleeve I (5) is placed in the round hole of the spacer block I (3), and the large end is tightly attached to the upper surface of the spacer block I (3) without gaps; the small end of the positioning sleeve II (6) is placed in the round hole of the spacer block II (4), and the large end is tightly attached to the upper surface of the spacer block II (4) without gaps.

5. The surface strengthening tooling for the aluminum joint part according to claim 4, characterized in that the connecting plate (1) is provided with bolt holes and a positioning pin hole (18) connected to the flange of the robot manipulator of the laser shock strengthening equipment for installing the surface strengthening tooling for the aluminum joint part on the robot manipulator of the laser shock strengthening equipment.

6. The surface strengthening tooling for the aluminum joint part according to claim 5, characterized in that the backing plate I (7) and the backing plate II (8) are made of aluminum material.

7. The surface strengthening tooling for aluminum joint parts according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting plate (1), the support (2), the spacer block I (3), the spacer block II (4), the positioning sleeve I (5), the positioning sleeve II (6) and various standard parts are made of materials with good corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and good welding performance.

8. A method for surface strengthening of aluminum joint parts, characterized in that it is carried out by using a laser shock strengthening equipment robot in cooperation with the surface strengthening tooling for aluminum joint parts according to any one of claims 1 to 7; It includes the following steps: Set the aluminum joint part upright, put the hole A of the aluminum joint part on the positioning sleeve I (5), and at the same time position the hole B of the aluminum joint part on the large end of the positioning sleeve II (6), so that one side of the aluminum joint part is in contact with the surfaces of the spacer block I (3) and the spacer block II (4), and the contacting position is the area that does not need surface strengthening; place the backing plate I (7) on the hole A of the aluminum joint part, place the backing plate II (8) on the hole B of the aluminum joint part, and fix them firmly with the compression nuts (12) respectively; Start the laser shock strengthening equipment robot, and perform surface strengthening on the area that needs surface strengthening on one side of the aluminum joint part according to the pre-set program. After one side is completed, the robotic arm of the laser shock strengthening equipment robot rotates 180°, and perform surface strengthening on the area that needs surface strengthening on the other side of the aluminum joint part according to the pre-set program.

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