Outdoor test device aiming at water layer inrush failure mechanism research

Abstract

The invention discloses an outdoor test device aiming at water layer inrush failure mechanism research, and belongs to the technical field of inrush tests, the outdoor test device comprises a water injection pipe body, the water injection pipe body is communicated with an external pressure-controllable water supply device, and the bottom of the water injection pipe body is connected with a permeation guide mechanism; and the permeation guide mechanism rotates around the water injection pipe body to adjust the liquid spraying loading direction. According to the water injection device, the water injection pipe body external sealing mechanism can be matched with the bottom water stop piece to seal the peripheral side position of the water injection hole, the water injection pipe body can communicate with an external pressure-controllable water supply device, and after water is injected into the water injection pipe body through the pressure-controllable water supply device, the water can be guided by the permeation guide mechanism to permeate; through injection under different pressures and observation of soil body permeation and inrush conditions, the damage process of confined water inrush can be simulated according to the actual soil layer condition on site, the permeation mechanism of confined water to inrush can be observed, and the water stop property of the enclosure structure on site can be tested through a test method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heaving test, and particularly relates to an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer heaving. Background Technique

[0002] At present, the subway is the most widely used underground transportation method. Its convenient and fast travel mode makes it an indispensable part of urban development. With the deepening of the excavation depth of various foundation pits, the bottom of the pit gradually reaches the confined aquifer, and disasters such as heaving and mud gushing are likely to occur in the foundation pit. Therefore, it is necessary to study the relevant risks caused by confined water before construction;

[0003] The prior art generally imitates the foundation pit retaining structure with concrete indoors, simulates the foundation pit excavation process by backfilling soil layers therein, and simulates the seepage effect of confined water on the foundation pit by burying water pipes at the bottom or on the side of the foundation pit, and observes the heaving failure process caused by confined water;

[0004] Since the test is carried out indoors, the test time is short, and the test results obtained from the heaving test are often affected by the size effect. Therefore, the error of the test results obtained is large. In addition, the water tightness of the water liquid is insufficient during the heaving test, which is easy to backflow to the water injection end. Therefore, it is easy to affect the pressure test accuracy and there is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer heaving in order to solve the problems that the test results obtained from the heaving test are often affected by the size effect, so the error of the test results obtained is large, and the water tightness of the water liquid is insufficient during the heaving test, which is easy to backflow to the water injection end.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer heaving, including a water injection pipe body, the water injection pipe body is connected to an external controllable pressure water supply device, and the bottom of the water injection pipe body is connected with a penetration guiding mechanism, and the liquid spraying loading direction is adjusted by rotating around the water injection pipe body through the penetration guiding mechanism;

[0008] A closing mechanism is connected to the outside of the water injection pipe body, the water injection holes on the periphery of the foundation pit are closed through the closing mechanism, a fixing mechanism is installed on the top of the closing mechanism, a limiting mechanism for limiting the depth is connected to the top of the fixing mechanism, and the fixing mechanism includes a plurality of insert plates that can extend radially, and the water injection pipe body is stabilized by inserting the insert plates into the inner cavity side wall of the water injection hole.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The closing mechanism includes a closing disk. A groove is circumferentially formed along the axis on the outer peripheral side of the closing disk, and a fixing plate is connected to the inner cavity of the groove. A sliding hole is formed on one side of the fixing plate, and a guiding rod is slidably connected in the sliding hole. One end of the guiding rod close to the outer edge of the closing disk is connected to a closing plate, and the closing plate is hermetically connected to the groove. The other end of the guiding rod is connected to a wedge block. A plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential side of the bottom of the closing disk corresponding to the position of the wedge block, and a top rod is slidably connected in the through holes. The top of the top rod is in contact with the inclined surface at the bottom of the wedge block. A connecting ring is connected between the bottom ends of the plurality of top rods, and a water stop piece is connected to the bottom of the connecting ring. The water stop piece is sleeved outside the water injection pipe body. After water is injected through the water injection pipe body, the water stop piece and the top rod are driven to push the wedge block and the closing plate to move radially.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] A spring is sleeved on the outer side wall of the guiding rod. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the corresponding positions on one side of the wedge block and the fixing plate, and the inclined surface of the wedge block corresponds to the top end of the top rod.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The fixing mechanism further includes inserting pieces arranged around the axis of the water injection pipe body. The inserting pieces are connected to the top of the closing disk. A cavity is formed outside the inserting pieces, and moving sleeves are connected to both sides of the inner cavity of the cavity. A moving rod is slidably connected in the moving sleeve. One end of the moving rod is connected to one side of the inserting plate, and the end of the moving rod at the top is connected to a stress plate. A penetrating groove is formed in the top of the inserting piece corresponding to the inclined surface of the stress plate, and a pressing rod is slidably connected in the penetrating groove. A pressing ring is connected between the plurality of pressing rods, and traction rods are connected to both sides of the top of the pressing ring. The traction rods extend to the top of the water injection pipe body. One inclined surface on one side of the stress plate is located at the bottom end of the pressing rod. The inserting plate is driven to move by moving the pressing rod to push the stress plate.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] A plurality of inserting rods are arranged on one side of the inserting plate along the height direction, and the front ends of the inserting rods are circular.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] A thrust sleeve is connected to the outer side of the end of the pressing rod, and the width and length of the inner cavity of the penetrating groove are both larger than the width and length of the thrust sleeve. A pushing block is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the thrust sleeve. The inserting plate is driven to move by the contact of different sides of the thrust sleeve with the stress plate.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The stress plate includes two inclined surfaces, and the two inclined surfaces are arranged relatively and staggeredly.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] The limiting mechanism includes a limiting ring. At both sides of the bottom of the limiting ring corresponding to the positions of the traction rods, travel grooves are connected. The traction rods are slidably connected in the travel grooves, and a stepped block is connected to the top end of the traction rods. A stepped groove for the stepped block to slide is opened at the top of the inner cavity of the travel groove. The sliding of the traction rods in the travel grooves is limited by the cooperation of the stepped block and the stepped groove. A plurality of extrusion blocks are connected to the peripheral side of the inner cavity of the limiting ring, and a connecting sleeve is connected to the outer side of the water injection pipe body. A plurality of force-receiving blocks are connected around the outer peripheral side of the connecting sleeve. The axial movement of the bottom traction rods is limited by controlling the extrusion blocks to press against the force-receiving blocks through the rotation of the limiting ring.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] The penetration guiding mechanism includes a guiding shell. A liquid seepage nozzle is rotatably connected in the inner cavity of the guiding shell. The liquid seepage nozzle is connected to the bottom end of the water injection pipe body. A guiding sleeve is communicated with the outer side of the guiding shell. A plurality of guiding plates are rotatably connected in the inner cavity of the guiding sleeve. The seepage direction of the liquid is guided by the guiding plates.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0026] The cross-sectional shape of the guiding sleeve is conical, and the guiding sleeve is a flexible plastic sleeve.

[0027] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. In the present invention, through the designed outdoor test device, after excavating several soil pits at the foundation pit excavation site, making water injection holes by pre-burying steel pipes to a certain depth, and then sending the water injection pipe body into the water injection holes, the external sealing mechanism of the water injection pipe body can cooperate with the bottom water stop sheet to seal the peripheral position of the water injection holes. At this time, the water injection pipe body can be connected to the external controllable pressure water supply device. After injecting water liquid into the water injection pipe body through the controllable pressure water supply device, the water liquid can penetrate in the direction guided by the penetration guiding mechanism. By injecting water at different pressures and observing the soil penetration and gushing situation, the failure process of confined water gushing can be simulated based on the actual soil layer situation on site, the penetration mechanism of confined water on gushing can be observed, and the water tightness of the on-site retaining structure can be tested through experimental methods.

[0029] 2. In the present invention, when water is injected into the water injection hole, the water liquid spreading upward due to the injection pressure can contact the bottom water stop piece. The water stop piece can partially seal the gap between the water injection hole and the water injection pipe body. The water stop piece can drive the top rod to push the wedge block to move upward through the connecting ring. The movement of the wedge block driving the guide rod can push the closing plate to move outward. The outward movement of the closing plate can be fully pressed and sealed with the inner wall of the water injection hole. By contacting the inner wall of the water injection hole with the radially moving closing plate, the stability of the water injection pipe body extending into the water injection hole is improved, avoiding the shaking and offset of the water injection pipe body, which affects the liquid spraying direction at the bottom, and improving the test stability of the water layer sudden gushing damage mechanism.

[0030] 3. In the present invention, through the designed fixing mechanism, after the water injection pipe body is moved into the water injection hole, soil is filled on the top of the water stop piece. The soil can improve the circumferential limit stability through full contact with the inserting piece, avoiding the rotation of the bottom closing mechanism and improving the assembly stability of the water injection pipe body. And when the soil covering of the water injection hole is completed, the traction rod can be pushed to move. The movement of the traction rod can squeeze the bottom stress plate. When the inclined surface of the stress plate is squeezed, it can drive the moving rod to move. The movement of the moving rod can drive the inserting plate and the inserting rod to move and be inserted and connected with the side wall of the water injection hole on the outer periphery. By arranging the inserting plate on the circumferential side, the connection stability of the water injection pipe body in the water injection hole is improved.

[0031] 4. In the present invention, through the designed limiting mechanism, the inner extrusion block of the limiting ring can contact the inner stress block. The stress block can be pressed and limited through contact with the limiting ring. The bottom traction rod is fixed by the rotatable limiting ring, avoiding shaking and offset during the water injection process. By adjusting the axial position of the limiting ring in the connecting sleeve, the pressing depth of the bottom traction rod is adjusted, facilitating the control of the formation of the insertion limit of the inserting plate and the inserting rod. The guide shell can adjust the liquid spraying direction by rotating outside the penetration nozzle. Through the adjustment of the liquid spraying direction, the accurate control of the penetration direction of the foundation pit is realized, avoiding the offset of the water injection pipe body caused by the seepage pressure. The guiding plate can improve the guiding effect on the penetrating water liquid through outward extension, ensuring the seepage liquid guiding of the water layer sudden gushing damage test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of an outdoor test device for studying the water layer sudden gushing damage mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is the side structural schematic diagram of an outdoor test device for studying the water layer sudden gushing damage mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 proposed by the present invention Figure 2 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A in

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer outburst proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of another angle of an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer outburst proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Proposed by the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the partial half-sectional structure of an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer outburst proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 Proposed by the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C in

[0040] Figure 9 Proposed by the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part D in

[0041] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the closing mechanism of an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer outburst proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing mechanism of an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer outburst proposed by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upward viewing angle of an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer outburst proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 Proposed by the present invention Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part E in

[0045] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the infiltration guiding mechanism of an outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water layer outburst proposed by the present invention.

[0046] Legend:

[0047] 1. Water injection pipe body; 2. Penetration guiding mechanism; 201. Guiding shell; 202. Liquid seepage nozzle; 203. Guiding sleeve; 204. Guide plate; 3. Fixing mechanism; 301. Traction rod; 302. Pressure ring; 303. Pressure rod; 304. Moving rod; 305. Insertion plate; 306. Insertion rod; 307. Stress plate; 308. Thrust sleeve; 309. Push block; 310. Insert piece; 311. Moving sleeve; 4. Sealing mechanism; 401. Sealing plate; 402. Guide rod; 403. Wedge block; 404. Fixing plate; 405. Spring; 406. Sealing disc; 407. Ejector rod; 408. Connecting ring; 5. Limiting mechanism; 501. Limiting ring; 502. Squeezing block; 503. Connecting sleeve; 504. Stress block; 505. Stroke groove; 6. Water stop sheet. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 - 14 , the present invention provides a technical solution: an outdoor test device for studying the water inrush failure mechanism of water layers, including a water injection pipe body 1, the water injection pipe body 1 is connected to an external controllable pressure water supply device, and a penetration guiding mechanism 2 is connected to the bottom of the water injection pipe body 1, and the liquid spraying loading direction is adjusted by rotating the penetration guiding mechanism 2 around the water injection pipe body 1;

[0050] A sealing mechanism 4 is connected to the outside of the water injection pipe body 1, the water injection holes on the periphery of the foundation pit are sealed by the sealing mechanism 4, a fixing mechanism 3 is installed on the top of the sealing mechanism 4, a limiting mechanism 5 for limiting the depth is connected to the top of the fixing mechanism 3, and the fixing mechanism 3 includes a plurality of insertion plates 305 that can extend radially, and the water injection pipe body 1 is stabilized by inserting the insertion plates 305 into the inner cavity side wall of the water injection hole;

[0051] The closing mechanism 4 includes a closing disk 406, a groove is opened around the outer peripheral side of the closing disk 406 along the axis, and the inner cavity of the groove is connected to a fixing plate 404, a sliding hole is opened on one side of the fixing plate 404, and a guide rod 402 is slidably connected in the sliding hole, and the end of the guide rod 402 close to the outer edge of the closing disk 406 is connected to the closing plate 401, the closing plate 401 is sealed and connected to the groove, and the other end of the guide rod 402 is connected to a wedge 403, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the peripheral side of the bottom of the closing disk 406 at the position corresponding to the wedge 403, and a push rod 407 is slidably connected in the through hole, and the push rod The top of 407 fits in with the inclined surface of the bottom of the wedge block 403, and a connecting ring 408 is connected between the bottom ends of multiple push rods 407, and the bottom of the connecting ring 408 is connected to a water stop plate 6, and the water stop plate 6 is sleeved on the outside of the water injection pipe body 1. After water is injected into the water injection pipe body 1, the water stop plate 6 and the push rod 407 are driven to push the wedge block 403 and the closing plate 401 to move radially. A spring 405 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 402, and the two ends of the spring 405 are respectively connected to the corresponding positions on one side of the wedge block 403 and the fixed plate 404, and the inclined surface of the wedge block 403 corresponds to the top of the push rod 407.

[0052] Specifically: through the designed outdoor test device, after digging several pits at the foundation pit excavation site, water injection holes are made by pre-burying steel pipes to a certain depth, and after the water injection pipe body 1 is sent into the water injection hole, the external sealing mechanism 4 of the water injection pipe body 1 can cooperate with the bottom water stop plate 6 to seal the side position of the water injection hole. At this time, the water injection pipe body 1 can be connected to the external controllable pressure water supply device. At this time, after water is injected into the water injection pipe body 1 through the controllable pressure water supply device, the water can be guided by the infiltration guide mechanism 2 to infiltrate. By injecting at different pressures, the soil infiltration surge is observed, and when the water is injected into the water injection hole, the water that spreads upward due to the injection pressure can contact the bottom water stop plate 6, and the water stop plate 6 can partially close the gap between the water injection hole and the water injection pipe body 1;

[0053] When the water stop plate 6 moves upward due to the water pressure, the water stop plate 6 can drive the top rod 407 to move upward through the connecting ring 408. The upward movement of the top rod 407 can push the wedge block 403 to move. When the inclined surface of the wedge block 403 is squeezed, it can drive the guide rod 402 on one side to move. The movement of the guide rod 402 can push the closing plate 401 to move outward. The outward movement of the closing plate 401 can fully press and seal with the inner wall of the water injection hole, so that the radially moving closing plate 401 can contact the inner wall of the water injection hole, thereby improving the stability of the water injection pipe body 1 extending into the water injection hole, avoiding the shaking and deviation of the water injection pipe body 1 affecting the bottom spray direction, and improving the test stability of the water layer sudden surge destruction mechanism;

[0054] Through the designed spring 405, the spring 405 can maintain the extension stability of the closing plate 401 by its own elastic force, and can drive the reset of the closing plate 401 by its own tensile force after the water pressure is reduced, which is convenient for subsequent replacement of the water injection holes for the device;

[0055] Among them, the controllable pressure water supply device is composed of a controllable pressure water pump, a high-pressure overflow valve, a pressure-resistant water pipe, etc. The controllable pressure water supply pump can supply water within a preset pressure range, and the high-pressure overflow valve plays a role in controlling the water pressure for the water flow to pass through.

[0056] Among them, the specific test includes adopting a step-by-step loading method. By adjusting the high-pressure overflow valve, the water pressure is changed to the value required for the test. At each water head pressure, the soil penetration and gushing are measured and observed. The residence time interval for each water pressure level is 10 minutes. Red ink is added to the water to make the penetration phenomenon clearer. The water pressure is applied starting from 0. The process is recorded by a camera, the water pressure situation when penetration occurs is observed and recorded, and two more levels are loaded backward at this water pressure to record the changes in the penetration process;

[0057] Please refer to Figures 5 - 9 and Figure 11 As shown in, the fixing mechanism 3 further includes inserting pieces 310 arranged around the axis of the water injection pipe body 1. The inserting pieces 310 are connected to the top of the closing disc 406. There is a cavity outside the inserting pieces 310, and moving sleeves 311 are connected to both sides of the inner cavity of the cavity. A moving rod 304 is slidably connected in the moving sleeve 311. One end of the moving rod 304 is connected to one side of the inserting plate 305, and a stress plate 307 is connected to the end of the moving rod 304 at the top. A through groove is opened at the position of the inserting piece 310 corresponding to the inclined surface of the stress plate 307 at the top, and a pressure rod 303 is slidably connected in the through groove. A pressure ring 302 is connected between the multiple pressure rods 303. Traction rods 301 are connected to both sides of the top of the pressure ring 302, and the traction rods 301 extend to the top of the water injection pipe body 1. One side inclined surface of the stress plate 307 is located at the bottom end of the pressure rod 303. The movement of the pressure rod 303 is used to push the stress plate 307 to drive the movement of the inserting plate 305. Multiple inserting rods 306 are arranged on one side of the inserting plate 305 along the height direction, and the front ends of the inserting rods 306 are circular;

[0058] A thrust sleeve 308 is connected to the outer side of the end of the pressure rod 303. The width and length of the inner cavity of the through groove are both greater than the width and length of the thrust sleeve 308. A push block 309 is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the thrust sleeve 308. The movement of the inserting plate 305 is driven by the contact of different sides of the thrust sleeve 308 with the stress plate 307. The stress plate 307 includes two inclined surfaces, and the two inclined surfaces are arranged relatively and staggeredly.

[0059] Specifically: Through the designed fixing mechanism 3, when the water injection pipe body 1 is moved into the water injection hole, soil is filled on the top of the water stop piece 6. The soil can improve the circumferential limit stability by fully contacting the insertion piece 310, avoiding the rotation of the bottom closing mechanism 4, thereby further improving the assembly stability of the water injection pipe body 1. And when the soil covering of the water injection hole is completed, the traction rod 301 can be pushed to move. The movement of the traction rod 301 can squeeze the bottom stress plate 307 through the pressure ring 302 and the pressure rod 303. When the inclined surface of the stress plate 307 is squeezed, it can drive the moving rod 304 to move. The movement of the moving rod 304 can drive the insertion plate 305 and the insertion rod 306 to move and be inserted and connected with the side wall of the water injection hole on the outer periphery, thereby improving the connection stability of the water injection pipe body 1 in the water injection hole through the insertion plate 305 arranged on the circumferential side;

[0060] Furthermore, through the designed thrust sleeve 308 and stress plate 307, when the pressure rod 303 moves, it can contact the stress plate 307 through the thrust sleeve 308. Through the stress plate 307 with the inclined surfaces on both sides arranged oppositely, when the thrust sleeve 308 is in the rising or falling state, it can respectively control the moving rod 304 to move outward or inward in the radial direction. After the test is completed, by releasing the limit of the pressure rod 303 by the limit mechanism 5, the bottom push block 309 can be driven by the reversely moving thrust sleeve 308 to contact the stress plate 307. When the inclined surface at the bottom of the stress plate 307 contacts the push block 309, the stress plate 307 moves and pulls the moving rod 304 and the insertion plate 305 inward to separate from the circumferential water injection hole. At this time, it can...

[0061] Please refer to Figures 2 - 3 and Figures 12 - 13 As shown in, the limit mechanism 5 includes a limit ring 501. At the positions corresponding to the traction rods 301 on both sides of the bottom of the limit ring 501, stroke grooves 505 are connected. The traction rods 301 are slidably connected in the stroke grooves 505, and the top ends of the traction rods 301 are connected with stepped blocks. And a stepped groove for the stepped block to slide is opened at the top of the inner cavity of the stroke groove 505. The sliding of the traction rods 301 in the stroke grooves 505 is limited by the cooperation of the stepped blocks and the stepped grooves. A plurality of extrusion blocks 502 are connected to the circumferential side of the inner cavity of the limit ring 501, and a connecting sleeve 503 is connected to the outer side of the water injection pipe body 1. A plurality of stress blocks 504 are connected in a surrounding manner on the outer circumferential side of the connecting sleeve 503. The axial movement of the bottom traction rods 301 is limited by controlling the extrusion blocks 502 to press and fit with the stress blocks 504 through the rotation of the limit ring 501;

[0062] Specifically, through the designed limiting mechanism 5, when the limiting ring 501 rotates, the inner extrusion block 502 of the limiting ring 501 can contact the internal force-receiving block 504, and the force-receiving block 504 can be press-fitted and limited through contact with the limiting ring 501. Thus, the bottom traction rod 301 can be fixed by the rotatable limiting ring 501 to avoid shaking and offset during the water injection process. By adjusting the axial position of the limiting ring 501 in the connecting sleeve 503, the press-fitting depth of the bottom traction rod 301 can be adjusted, facilitating the adjustment of the formation control of the insertion limit of the insertion plate 305 and the insertion rod 306.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 14 , the penetration guiding mechanism 2 includes a guiding shell 201. A liquid penetration nozzle 202 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the guiding shell 201. The liquid penetration nozzle 202 is connected to the bottom end of the water injection pipe body 1. A guiding sleeve 203 is communicated with the outside of the guiding shell 201. A plurality of guiding plates 204 are rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the guiding sleeve 203. The liquid penetration direction is guided by the guiding plates 204. The cross-sectional shape of the guiding sleeve 203 is conical, and the guiding sleeve 203 is a flexible plastic sleeve.

[0064] Specifically, through the designed guiding shell 201, the guiding shell 201 can adjust the liquid spraying direction by rotating outside the penetration nozzle, which is beneficial to accurately control the penetration direction of the foundation pit by adjusting the liquid spraying direction, avoiding the offset of the water injection pipe body 1 caused by the liquid penetration pressure. And the guiding plates 204 can improve the guiding effect on the penetrated water liquid through outward extension to ensure the liquid penetration guiding of the water layer gushing failure test.

[0065] In the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined. Terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0066] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An outdoor test device for studying the mechanism of sudden water inrush damage, including a water injection pipe body (1), and the water injection pipe body (1) is connected to an external controllable pressure water supply device, characterized in that, The bottom of the water injection pipe body (1) is connected with a penetration guiding mechanism (2), and the liquid spraying loading direction is adjusted by rotating the penetration guiding mechanism (2) around the water injection pipe body (1). The outside of the water injection pipe body (1) is connected with a sealing mechanism (4), and the water injection holes on the periphery of the foundation pit are sealed by the sealing mechanism (4). A fixing mechanism (3) is installed on the top of the sealing mechanism (4). A limiting mechanism (5) for limiting the depth is connected to the top of the fixing mechanism (3). The fixing mechanism (3) includes a plurality of insert plates (305) that can extend radially. The water injection pipe body (1) is stably fixed by inserting the insert plates (305) into the inner cavity side wall of the water injection hole.

2. The outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism (4) includes a sealing disc (406). A groove is formed around the outer periphery of the sealing disc (406) along the axis. A fixing plate (404) is connected to the inner cavity of the groove. A sliding hole is formed on one side of the fixing plate (404), and a guiding rod (402) is slidably connected in the sliding hole. One end of the guiding rod (402) close to the outer edge of the sealing disc (406) is connected with a sealing plate (401). The sealing plate (401) is hermetically connected to the groove. The other end of the guiding rod (402) is connected with a wedge block (403). A plurality of through holes are formed in the bottom periphery of the sealing disc (406) corresponding to the position of the wedge block (403), and a top rod (407) is slidably connected in the through holes. The top of the top rod (407) is in contact with the inclined surface at the bottom of the wedge block (403). A connecting ring (408) is connected between the bottom ends of the plurality of top rods (407). A water stop sheet (6) is connected to the bottom of the connecting ring (408). The water stop sheet (6) is sleeved outside the water injection pipe body (1). After water is injected through the water injection pipe body (1), the water stop sheet (6) and the top rod (407) drive the wedge block (403) and the sealing plate (401) to move radially.

3. An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush, according to claim 2, characterized in that, A spring (405) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the guiding rod (402). The two ends of the spring (405) are respectively connected to the corresponding positions on one side of the wedge block (403) and the fixing plate (404), and the inclined surface of the wedge block (403) corresponds to the top end of the top rod (407).

4. An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush, according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (3) further includes inserting pieces (310) arranged around the axis of the water injection pipe body (1). The inserting pieces (310) are connected to the top of the closing disc (406). There is a cavity outside the inserting pieces (310), and moving sleeves (311) are connected to both sides of the inner cavity of the cavity. A moving rod (304) is slidably connected inside the moving sleeve (311). One end of the moving rod (304) is connected to one side of the inserting plate (305), and the end of the moving rod (304) located at the top is connected to a stress plate (307). A through groove is formed at the position of the top of the inserting piece (310) corresponding to the inclined surface of the stress plate (307), and a pressure rod (303) is slidably connected in the through groove. A pressure ring (302) is connected between multiple pressure rods (303). Both sides of the top of the pressure ring (302) are connected to traction rods (301). The traction rods (301) extend to the top of the water injection pipe body (1). One inclined surface of the stress plate (307) is located at the bottom end of the pressure rod (303). By moving the pressure rod (303), the stress plate (307) is pushed to drive the inserting plate (305) to move.

5. An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush, according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of inserting rods (306) are arranged on one side of the inserting plate (305) along the height direction, and the front ends of the inserting rods (306) are circular.

6. An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush, according to claim 4, wherein A thrust sleeve (308) is connected to the outer side of the end of the pressure rod (303). The width and length of the inner cavity of the through groove are both larger than the width and length of the thrust sleeve (308). A push block (309) is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the thrust sleeve (308). By the contact of different sides of the thrust sleeve (308) with the stress plate (307), the movement of the inserting plate (305) is driven.

7. An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush, according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stress plate (307) includes two inclined surfaces, and the two inclined surfaces are arranged relatively and staggeredly.

8. An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush, according to claim 4, characterized in that The limiting mechanism (5) includes a limiting ring (501). Both sides of the bottom of the limiting ring (501) are connected with stroke grooves (505) corresponding to the positions of the traction rods (301). The traction rods (301) are slidably connected in the stroke grooves (505). The top ends of the traction rods (301) are connected with stepped blocks, and stepped grooves for the stepped blocks to slide are formed at the top of the inner cavity of the stroke grooves (505). The sliding of the traction rods (301) in the stroke grooves (505) is limited by the cooperation of the stepped blocks and the stepped grooves. A plurality of extrusion blocks (502) are connected to the peripheral side of the inner cavity of the limiting ring (501). A connecting sleeve (503) is connected to the outer side of the water injection pipe body (1). A plurality of stress blocks (504) are connected around the outer peripheral side of the connecting sleeve (503). By rotating the limiting ring (501), the extrusion blocks (502) are controlled to press and limit the axial movement of the bottom traction rods (301) with the stress blocks (504).

9. An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush, according to claim 8, characterized in that, The penetration guiding mechanism (2) includes a guiding shell (201). A liquid infiltration nozzle (202) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the guiding shell (201). The liquid infiltration nozzle (202) is connected to the bottom end of the water injection pipe body (1). A guiding sleeve (203) is communicated with the outer side of the guiding shell (201). A plurality of guiding plates (204) are rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the guiding sleeve (203). The direction of the infiltrating liquid is guided by the guiding plates (204).

10. An outdoor test device for studying the failure mechanism of water inrush, according to claim 9, wherein, The cross-sectional shape of the guide sleeve (203) is conical, and the guide sleeve (203) is a flexible plastic sleeve.

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