Ankle injury model building device

Abstract

The invention discloses an ankle injury model establishing device, and relates to the technical field of medical model establishing devices.The ankle injury model establishing device comprises a model box and a mounting plate arranged on the model box and used for supporting and fixing an ankle model, and the model box is provided with an axial compression mechanism for driving the mounting plate to accumulate force to move downwards; the axial pressure mechanism comprises a special-shaped base fixedly connected to the inner wall of the molded body box, a pressure storage assembly used for limiting descending of the center column and providing an initial force storage value when the center column descends is arranged on the special-shaped base, and a locking assembly used for relieving limitation on the center column is arranged on the special-shaped base. The special-shaped base is provided with a variable pressure assembly for adjusting the initial height of the positioning column to change the magnitude of a force storage value, the high-energy axial load borne by the ankle part when the ankle jumps down from a high position can be accurately simulated by arranging the axial pressure mechanism, so that the Pilon fracture, calcaneal fracture and other high-energy injury phenomena are effectively reproduced; and moreover, the injury conditions during jumping at different heights can be simulated, and powerful support is provided for studying the pathophysiological process of such fractures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical model building devices, and in particular to a foot and ankle injury model building device. Background Art

[0002] The foot and ankle are important weight-bearing and movement parts of the human body. Their structure is complex and consists of numerous bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, etc. In daily life, due to various factors such as exercise, work, accidents, etc., the foot and ankle are prone to various injuries, such as sprains, fractures, ligament ruptures, etc. These injuries not only cause pain and inconvenience to patients, but may also lead to long-term functional disorders, seriously affecting the patient's quality of life and work efficiency.

[0003] Chinese Patent (Announcement No.: CN220632056U), the solution specifically includes a prosthesis, a pressure mechanism, a gyroscope, a display screen and a controller; the upper end of the prosthesis's calf is connected to the pressure mechanism, the prosthesis's calf and foot are both provided with gyroscopes, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided under the prosthesis' foot, and the pressure mechanism, gyroscope and display screen are all electrically connected to the controller. The beneficial effects of the utility model are: an angle adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the prosthesis' foot, and pressure is applied to the prosthesis by the pressure mechanism to simulate a scenario where the prosthesis' foot steps on an obstacle and is sprained. At this time, the gyroscopes in the calf and foot respectively record the angle changes, and the data monitored by the gyroscopes are displayed on the display screen through the controller, making the experimental research process more intuitive, better reflecting the physiological and mechanical properties, and providing high-quality data and results for foot and ankle treatment and research.

[0004] In the study of foot and ankle injuries, Pilon fractures and calcaneal fractures are two common types of high-energy injuries. These two fractures are usually caused by high-energy axial loads, such as the impact force on the foot and ankle when jumping from different heights. However, the existing foot and ankle injury model establishment devices have some shortcomings in simulating such high-energy injuries. Specifically, it is difficult for existing devices to accurately simulate the high-energy axial loads borne by the foot and ankle when jumping from different heights, which makes it difficult to accurately reproduce the pathophysiological processes of Pilon fractures and calcaneal fractures. This makes it difficult for researchers to study the pathogenesis, repair mechanism and treatment strategies of these two fractures. The lack of effective experimental model support has limited the in-depth development of related research. Therefore, a foot and ankle injury model establishment device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model, which has the advantage of accurately simulating foot and ankle injuries when jumping from different heights, and solves the problem of difficulty in accurately reproducing the pathophysiological processes of Pilon fractures and calcaneal fractures.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model, comprising a mold box and a mounting plate disposed thereon for supporting and fixing the foot and ankle model, wherein the mold box is provided with an axial pressure mechanism for driving the mounting plate to accumulate force and move downward;

[0007] The axial pressure mechanism includes a special-shaped base fixedly connected to the inner wall of the profile box, a central column that can move freely in the vertical direction is provided on the special-shaped base, the central column slides through the special-shaped base and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and a pressure storage component is provided on the special-shaped base to limit the descent of the central column and provide an initial force storage value when the central column descends;

[0008] The special-shaped base is provided with a locking assembly for releasing the restriction on the center column. The locking assembly includes a positioning column arranged on the special-shaped base, a secondary column groove for sliding connection of the positioning column is opened on the special-shaped base, and a transformer assembly is provided on the special-shaped base for adjusting the initial height of the positioning column to change the size of the stored force value.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure accumulator assembly includes a positioning block driven by an electric push rod and freely moving in the vertical direction, and the fixed end and the movable end integrally formed on the electric push rod are fixedly connected to the body box and the positioning block respectively;

[0010] The positioning block is fixedly connected to an inner guide column, the center column slides through the inner guide column, and a conical seat is fixedly sleeved on the center column. A pressure storage spring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the center column, and the two ends of the pressure storage spring are respectively fixedly connected to the conical seat and the inner guide column;

[0011] The special-shaped base is provided with an inner guide column for sliding connection to the main column groove, and the special-shaped base is provided with a transverse groove connected to the main column groove, in which a giving cylinder is slidably connected, and a triangular tip block for limiting the descent of the conical seat is fixedly connected to one end of the giving cylinder facing the main column groove.

[0012] Preferably, the triangular tip block includes an integrally formed tapered surface and a right-angled surface, and the conical seat includes an integrally formed tapered surface portion and a linear surface portion, the tapered surface portion is in sliding contact with the tapered surface, and the linear surface portion is in abutting connection with the right-angled surface.

[0013] Preferably, the locking assembly further comprises a guide pin slidably arranged on the transverse groove, the guide pin being fixedly connected to the give-way cylinder, and a give-way spring being sleeved on the outer circumference of the guide pin, the two ends of the give-way spring being fixedly connected to the give-way cylinder and the special-shaped base respectively;

[0014] The end of the positioning column facing the yielding cylinder includes an integrally formed bevel portion, and the yielding cylinder is provided with an oblique wedge groove corresponding to the secondary column groove position, and the bevel portion is in sliding contact with the side wall of the oblique wedge groove.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning post slides through the positioning block, and the positioning post and the inner guide post rise and fall synchronously with the positioning block.

[0016] Preferably, the special-shaped base is provided with multiple groups of positioning balls arranged in a circular array at the position where the center column slides through, and a ball cavity for the positioning balls to be slidably connected is opened on the special-shaped base, and the multiple groups of positioning balls are in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the center column.

[0017] Preferably, the transformer assembly includes an L-shaped extension seat fixedly connected to the positioning block, the L-shaped extension seat is provided with a threaded rod driven by a motor to rotate freely in the horizontal direction, and the two ends of the threaded rod are respectively fixedly rotated on the L-shaped extension seat and the positioning block;

[0018] The threaded rod is threadedly connected with a limiting block, the limiting block and the positioning column are fixedly connected, and a longitudinal sliding groove for sliding connection of the limiting block is opened on the L-shaped extension seat.

[0019] Preferably, the mold box is fixedly connected with a high-hardness bottom plate corresponding to the falling position of the ankle model, and a speed sensor for measuring the falling speed of the ankle model is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mold box.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. By setting up an axial pressure mechanism, the present invention can accurately simulate the high-energy axial load borne by the ankle when jumping from a height, thereby effectively reproducing high-energy injuries such as Pilon fractures and calcaneal fractures. In addition, the force storage value and descent speed of the ankle model during the descent process can be controlled, thereby simulating the injury conditions when jumping from different heights, providing strong support for studying the pathophysiological processes of such fractures.

[0022] 2. By setting a transformer component, the present invention can conveniently change the initial height of the positioning column, thereby adjusting the compression amount of the pressure storage spring, and realizing precise control of the force storage value when the center column descends. This flexible force storage value adjustment function enables the device to simulate different degrees of high-energy impact force on the ankle when jumping from different heights, meet different research needs, and improve the applicability and versatility of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the components where the special-shaped base of the present invention is located;

[0025] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the components where the conical seat of the present invention is located;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the components where the yield cylinder of the present invention is located;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the components where the pressure accumulator spring of the present invention is located;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the components where the limit block of the present invention is located.

[0031] In the figure: 1. body box; 2. special-shaped base; 3. inner guide column; 4. main column groove; 5. center column; 6. mounting plate; 7. stop ball; 8. conical seat; 9. pressure storage spring; 10. clearance cylinder; 11. guide pin; 12. transverse groove; 13. clearance spring; 14. oblique wedge groove; 15. triangular tip block; 151. conical inclined surface; 16. positioning column; 161. oblique angle portion; 17. secondary column groove; 18. positioning block; 19. threaded rod; 20. L-shaped extension seat; 21. limit block; 22. longitudinal slide groove; 23. electric push rod; 24. speed sensor; 25. high-hardness bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model, comprising a body box 1 and a mounting plate 6 provided thereon for supporting and fixing the foot and ankle model, wherein the body box 1 is provided with an axial pressure mechanism for driving the mounting plate 6 to accumulate force and move downward;

[0034] The axial pressure mechanism includes a special-shaped base 2 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mold box 1, and a central column 5 that can move freely in the vertical direction is provided on the special-shaped base 2. The central column 5 slides through the special-shaped base 2 and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 6. A pressure storage component is provided on the special-shaped base 2 to limit the descent of the central column 5 and provide an initial force storage value when the central column 5 descends;

[0035] The special-shaped base 2 is provided with a locking assembly for releasing the restriction on the center column 5. The locking assembly includes a positioning column 16 arranged on the special-shaped base 2, a secondary column groove 17 for sliding connection of the positioning column 16 is opened on the special-shaped base 2, and a transformer assembly is provided on the special-shaped base 2 for adjusting the initial height of the positioning column 16 to change the size of the stored force value.

[0036] The mold box 1 is fixedly connected with a high-hardness bottom plate 25 corresponding to the falling position of the ankle model, and a speed sensor 24 for measuring the falling speed of the ankle model is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mold box 1.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when simulating the high-energy axial load borne by the ankle when jumping from different heights, the ankle model is fixed to the mounting plate 6, and the mounting plate 6 and the ankle model fixed thereon are driven to move downward by the freely lifting center column 5. Driven by the pressure storage component, the center column 5 can accumulate a certain amount of stored force and then move downward rapidly. At the same time, the descending height of the center column 5 remains unchanged. By accumulating the stored force value, the high-energy impact force borne by the ankle when jumping from a height can be simulated.

[0038] At the same time, a high-hardness bottom plate 25 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the body box 1, and then, driven by the locking component, the central column 5 and the ankle model thereunder can move downward rapidly under the action of the stored force value. By observing the damage of the ankle model after contact with the high-hardness bottom plate 25, the degree of fracture under the stress conditions of the ankle position can be intuitively reflected, which can be used to study the severity of fractures when jumping from different heights, providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

[0039] Among them, when jumping from a height, the moment the foot lands, the talus hits the articular surface of the distal tibia, causing the articular surface to collapse and the epiphysis to shatter. This high-energy impact makes the articular surface and epiphysis of the distal tibia unable to withstand the huge pressure, resulting in a fracture. In addition, due to the strong compression force on the articular surface, the articular surface collapses, affecting the weight-bearing function and stability of the ankle joint. At the same time, when jumping from a height, the calcaneus first contacts the ground and is subjected to a vertical downward impact force. This impact force may cause the cancellous bone inside the calcaneus to be compressed, forming a fracture.

[0040] Therefore, driven by the transformer component, the force storage value of the center column 5, the mounting plate 6 and the ankle model fixed thereunder can be changed during the descent process, so that when the locking component releases the restriction on the center column 5, the ankle model can collide with the high-hardness bottom plate 25 below at different speeds under different force storage values. Due to the different force storage values, the instantaneous speed of the ankle model when colliding with the high-hardness bottom plate 25 is different, thereby simulating the fracture phenomenon and degree of damage at different heights.

[0041] At the same time, the speed sensor 24 fixed on the inner wall of the body box 1 is used to measure the instantaneous speed of the ankle model when it is about to collide with the high-hardness base plate 25, thereby providing accurate speed information to help researchers better understand the movement state of the ankle model under different force storage values, and to help study the injury of the ankle when jumping from different heights, and provide more accurate data support for clinical research. Specifically, by measuring the injury at different speeds, the relationship between speed and fracture severity can be studied. For example, the degree of articular surface collapse, the degree of epiphyseal comminution, and the degree of calcaneal fracture at different speeds can be analyzed.

[0042] In one of the more preferred embodiments, the pressure accumulator assembly includes a positioning block 18 driven by an electric push rod 23 and freely moving in the vertical direction, and the fixed end and the movable end integrally formed on the electric push rod 23 are fixedly connected to the mold box 1 and the positioning block 18 respectively;

[0043] The inner guide column 3 is fixedly connected to the positioning block 18, and the center column 5 slides through the inner guide column 3. A conical seat 8 is fixedly sleeved on the center column 5. A pressure storage spring 9 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the center column 5. The two ends of the pressure storage spring 9 are respectively fixedly connected to the conical seat 8 and the inner guide column 3;

[0044] The special-shaped base 2 is provided with an inner guide column 3 for sliding connection to the main column groove 4, and the special-shaped base 2 is provided with a transverse groove 12 that communicates with the main column groove 4, and a clearance cylinder 10 is slidably connected in the transverse groove 12, and the clearance cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to one end facing the main column groove 4 with a triangular tip block 15 that limits the descent of the conical seat 8.

[0045] The triangular tip block 15 includes an integrally formed tapered surface 151 and a right-angled surface, and the conical seat 8 includes an integrally formed tapered surface and a linear surface. The tapered surface is in sliding contact with the tapered surface 151, and the linear surface is in abutting connection with the right-angled surface.

[0046] like Figure 2 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the electric push rod 23 arranged on the mold box 1 drives the locking block 18 to move freely in the vertical direction, thereby driving the inner guide column 3 fixedly connected to the locking block 18 to move downward synchronously, wherein a center column 5 is slidably passed through the inner guide column 3, and a conical seat 8 is fixedly sleeved on the center column 5, and a pressure storage spring 9 is provided between the conical seat 8 and the center column 5. Therefore, when the linear surface portion in the conical seat 8 conflicts with the right-angle surface in the triangular tip block 15, the conical seat 8 and the center column 5 cannot move downward under the restriction of the triangular tip block 15.

[0047] At the same time, when the inner guide column 3 continues to move downward following the positioning block 18, the distance between the inner guide column 3 and the conical seat 8 will be reduced, and the pressure accumulator spring 9 will be driven to undergo compression deformation. The potential energy accumulated when the pressure accumulator spring 9 is compressed is the force storage value when the center column 5 subsequently descends. As the positioning block 18 and the inner guide column 3 continue to descend, the positioning cylinder 10 can retract a certain distance in the transverse groove 12, thereby driving the triangular tip block 15 to release the restriction on the conical seat 8. At this time, the pressure accumulator spring 9 can quickly restore its elastic deformation, thereby driving the center column 5, the mounting plate 6 and the ankle model fixed thereon to move downward rapidly, so as to drive the ankle model to collide with the high-hardness bottom plate 25 below.

[0048] Among them, the compression deformation of the pressure storage spring 9 is changed by the voltage transformer component, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the force storage value, so as to drive the triangular tip block 15 to release the restriction on the conical seat 8. The center column 5 and the ankle model can move downward rapidly under the action of different force storage values. Due to the different force storage values, the movement speed of the ankle model is different, and the impact force with the high-hardness base plate 25 is different, thereby being able to simulate the injury of the ankle when jumping from different heights.

[0049] It should be noted that in actual use, when the pressure-accumulating spring 9 recovers from the compressed state to the initial length, the ankle model collides with the high-hardness base plate 25 below, that is, the pressure-accumulating spring 9 cannot fully recover to the initial length. Then, under different force storage values, when the restriction of the triangular tip block 15 on the conical seat 8 is released, the ankle model can be driven to move downward at different force storage values and collide with the high-hardness base plate 25.

[0050] When the mounting plate 6 and the ankle model are driven to move upward to achieve the purpose of resetting, the conical surface portion of the conical seat 8 is squeezed into contact with the conical inclined surface 151 of the triangular tip block 15, thereby driving the triangular tip block 15 to retract to a certain distance from the transverse groove 12, and then driving the conical seat 8 to smoothly pass through the position of the triangular tip block 15, thereby restoring to the initial height.

[0051] Based on the embodiment of the pressure accumulator assembly, the locking assembly further includes a guide pin 11 slidably arranged on the transverse groove 12, the guide pin 11 is fixedly connected to the clearance cylinder 10, and the outer circumference of the guide pin 11 is sleeved with a clearance spring 13, and the two ends of the clearance spring 13 are respectively fixedly connected to the clearance cylinder 10 and the special-shaped base 2;

[0052] The end of the positioning column 16 facing the clearance cylinder 10 includes an integrally formed bevel portion 161 . The clearance cylinder 10 is provided with an oblique wedge groove 14 corresponding to the secondary column groove 17 , and the bevel portion 161 is in sliding contact with the side wall of the oblique wedge groove 14 .

[0053] The positioning post 16 slides through the positioning block 18, and the positioning post 16 and the inner guide post 3 rise and fall synchronously with the positioning block 18;

[0054] The special-shaped base 2 is provided with a plurality of groups of resisting balls 7 arranged in a circular array at the position where the center column 5 slides through, and a ball cavity for the resisting balls 7 to be slidably connected is opened on the special-shaped base 2, and the plurality of groups of resisting balls 7 are in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the center column 5.

[0055] like Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the blocking block 18 moves downward, it can drive the inner guide column 3 and the positioning column 16 to descend synchronously. After the conical seat 8 is restricted by the triangular tip block 15, the descending process of the inner guide column 3 drives the pressure accumulator spring 9 to undergo compression deformation and gradually accumulate the stored force value. Subsequently, as the blocking block 18 continues to descend, the beveled portion 161 integrally formed at the end of the positioning column 16 slides in contact with the side wall of the oblique wedge groove 14, thereby driving the clearance cylinder 10 to gradually retract into the transverse groove 12, so as to drive the clearance spring 13 to undergo compression deformation until the restriction of the triangular tip block 15 on the conical seat 8 is released.

[0056] Subsequently, under the action of the elastic potential energy of the pressure accumulator spring 9, the center column 5 moves downward rapidly and collides with the high-hardness bottom plate 25, wherein a stop ball 7 is provided on the special-shaped base 2 to be in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the center column 5, thereby ensuring the stability of the center column 5 during the descent process through multiple groups of stop balls 7, and at the same time, reducing the friction between the center column 5 and the special-shaped base 2.

[0057] At the same time, the positioning column 16 and the inner guide column 3 move downward synchronously with the locking block 18. When the conical seat 8 is restricted by the triangular tip block 15, the bevel portion 161 can release the restriction of the triangular tip block 15 on the conical seat 8, and then change the initial height of the positioning column 16 to change the compression amount of the pressure storage spring 9 when the positioning column 16 drives the yield cylinder 10 to retract in the transverse groove 12, thereby changing the force storage value, so as to drive the ankle model to collide with the high-hardness bottom plate 25 with different impact forces.

[0058] Based on the locking assembly embodiment, the transformer assembly includes an L-shaped extension seat 20 fixedly connected to the positioning block 18, and a threaded rod 19 driven by a motor to rotate freely in the horizontal direction is provided on the L-shaped extension seat 20. The two ends of the threaded rod 19 are respectively fixedly rotated on the L-shaped extension seat 20 and the positioning block 18;

[0059] The threaded rod 19 is threadedly connected to a limit block 21 , the limit block 21 is fixedly connected to the positioning column 16 , and the L-shaped extension seat 20 is provided with a longitudinal slot 22 for the limit block 21 to be slidably connected.

[0060] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the motor driven threaded rod 19 fixedly connected to the L-shaped extension seat 20 is used to rotate freely in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the limit block 21 threadedly engaged with the threaded rod 19 to rise and fall relative to the positioning block 18, wherein the limit block 21 is slidably connected to the L-shaped extension seat 20 through the longitudinal slide groove 22, and the limit block 21 can be restricted by the longitudinal slide groove 22, thereby preventing the limit block 21 from rotating synchronously with the threaded rod 19.

[0061] At the same time, by changing the relative positions of the limit block 21 and the locking block 18, the purpose of changing the initial spacing between the positioning column 16 and the clearance cylinder 10 is achieved, so that the locking block 18 needs to drop a longer or shorter distance to drive the bevel portion 161 to correspond to the oblique wedge groove 14, and the inner guide column 3 and the positioning column 16 drop synchronously, thereby increasing or decreasing the compression amount of the pressure storage spring 9, so as to increase or decrease the storage force value received by the central column 5 during subsequent descent, thereby achieving the purpose of different collision forces between the ankle model and the high-hardness base plate 25.

[0062] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model, comprising a body box (1) and a mounting plate (6) provided thereon for supporting and fixing the foot and ankle model, characterized in that: The mold box (1) is provided with an axial pressure mechanism for driving the mounting plate (6) to accumulate force and move downward; The axial pressure mechanism comprises a special-shaped base (2) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mold box (1); a central column (5) that can move freely in the vertical direction is provided on the special-shaped base (2); the central column (5) slides through the special-shaped base (2) and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (6); and a pressure storage component is provided on the special-shaped base (2) for limiting the descent of the central column (5) and providing an initial stored force value when the central column (5) descends. The special-shaped base (2) is provided with a locking assembly for releasing the restriction on the central column (5), the locking assembly includes a positioning column (16) arranged on the special-shaped base (2), a secondary column groove (17) for sliding connection of the positioning column (16) is opened on the special-shaped base (2), and a voltage-changing assembly is provided on the special-shaped base (2) for adjusting the initial height of the positioning column (16) to change the size of the stored force value.

2. The device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure storage assembly includes a positioning block (18) driven by an electric push rod (23) and freely moving in the vertical direction, wherein the fixed end and the movable end integrally formed on the electric push rod (23) are respectively fixedly connected to the mold box (1) and the positioning block (18); The positioning block (18) is fixedly connected to an inner guide column (3), the center column (5) slides through the inner guide column (3), and a conical seat (8) is fixedly sleeved on the center column (5), and a pressure storage spring (9) is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the center column (5), and the two ends of the pressure storage spring (9) are respectively fixedly connected to the conical seat (8) and the inner guide column (3); The special-shaped base (2) is provided with an inner guide column (3) for sliding connection with the main column groove (4), and the special-shaped base (2) is provided with a transverse groove (12) communicating with the main column groove (4), a relief cylinder (10) is slidably connected in the transverse groove (12), and a triangular tip block (15) for limiting the descent of the conical seat (8) is fixedly connected to one end of the relief cylinder (10) facing the main column groove (4).

3. The device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model according to claim 2, wherein: The triangular tip block (15) includes an integrally formed tapered surface (151) and a right-angled surface, and the conical seat (8) includes an integrally formed tapered surface and a linear surface. The tapered surface is in sliding contact with the tapered surface (151), and the linear surface is in abutting connection with the right-angled surface.

4. The device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model according to claim 2, wherein: The locking assembly further comprises a guide pin (11) slidably arranged on the transverse groove (12), the guide pin (11) being fixedly connected to the clearance cylinder (10), and a clearance spring (13) being sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the guide pin (11), and the two ends of the clearance spring (13) being fixedly connected to the clearance cylinder (10) and the special-shaped base (2) respectively; One end of the positioning column (16) facing the giving way cylinder (10) includes an integrally formed bevel portion (161); the giving way cylinder (10) is provided with an oblique wedge groove (14) at a position corresponding to the secondary column groove (17); and the bevel portion (161) is in sliding contact with a side wall of the oblique wedge groove (14).

5. The device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning column (16) slides through the positioning block (18), and the positioning column (16) and the inner guide column (3) rise and fall synchronously with the positioning block (18).

6. The device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model according to claim 2, wherein: The special-shaped base (2) is provided with a plurality of groups of abutting balls (7) arranged in a circular array at positions corresponding to the sliding penetration positions of the central column (5), and a ball cavity for the abutting balls (7) to be slidably connected is provided on the special-shaped base (2), and the plurality of groups of abutting balls (7) are in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the central column (5).

7. The device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transformer assembly comprises an L-shaped extension seat (20) fixedly connected to the positioning block (18); a threaded rod (19) driven by a motor and freely rotating in the horizontal direction is provided on the L-shaped extension seat (20); and two ends of the threaded rod (19) are respectively fixedly rotated on the L-shaped extension seat (20) and the positioning block (18); The threaded rod (19) is threadedly connected to a limit block (21), the limit block (21) and the positioning column (16) are fixedly connected, and a longitudinal sliding groove (22) for sliding connection of the limit block (21) is provided on the L-shaped extension seat (20).

8. The device for establishing a foot and ankle injury model according to claim 1, wherein: The mold box (1) is fixedly connected to a high-hardness bottom plate (25) corresponding to the falling position of the ankle model, and a speed sensor (24) for measuring the falling speed of the ankle model is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mold box (1).

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