Single-ended differential hybrid mutual coupling removal patch antenna

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a single-ended differential hybrid mutual coupling removal patch antenna. The antenna comprises a top-layer metal patch structure, a dielectric substrate, a bottom-layer metal layer and a feed structure from top to bottom, the top-layer metal patch structure comprises a first metal patch antenna, a second metal patch antenna, a first coupling strip and a second coupling strip; the first metal patch antenna and the second metal patch antenna form a radiation structure; the first coupling strip and the second coupling strip form a decoupling structure; the feed structure comprises a first coaxial probe, a second coaxial probe and a third coaxial probe; a first coupling strip and a second coupling strip are respectively introduced between a first coaxial probe and a second coaxial probe of a differential antenna and a third coaxial probe of a single-ended antenna, so that a weak field is generated on a mutual coupling patch, and mutual coupling removal between single-ended differential hybrid patch antennas is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular relates to a single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna. Background Art

[0002] Single-ended antennas feature a simple structure, low cost, and ease of integration into a variety of devices, making them particularly suitable for use in miniaturized and portable devices. Furthermore, single-ended antennas typically exhibit omnidirectional radiation, transmitting and receiving signals uniformly in the horizontal direction, making them suitable for wide-coverage applications. Differential antennas also offer numerous significant advantages. They can effectively reduce performance fluctuations caused by structural asymmetry, significantly improving performance stability. Furthermore, differential antennas possess strong anti-interference capabilities, further enhancing signal anti-interference performance by enhancing the transmission efficiency of differential-mode signals. With the rapid advancement of wireless communication technology, the adoption of single-ended, differential, and hybrid feeding methods to accommodate a wider range of applications has become an inevitable trend. Against this backdrop, patch antenna arrays with single-ended, differential, and hybrid feeding schemes are becoming increasingly important. However, there are currently no designs for single-ended, differential, and hybrid decoupled patch antennas. Existing decoupling technologies are applicable only to single-ended or differential antennas, but not to differential-single-ended hybrid decoupling technologies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore effective methods for reducing inter-element coupling in single-ended, differential, and hybrid antenna arrays.

[0003] Existing single-ended mutual decoupling technologies achieve high decoupling levels through methods such as electromagnetic band gaps, defective ground structures, neutralization lines, parasitic elements, and decoupling networks. However, the performance achieved through single-ended feeding cannot meet the requirements of large-scale traditional wireless communication systems. To improve various aspects of antenna performance, existing technologies have adopted differential mutual decoupling technologies, achieving low mutual coupling through characteristic modes, H-shaped structures, and decoupling networks. However, differential feeding still cannot meet the requirements of high-performance antenna arrays. While existing technologies achieve low mutual coupling, it is difficult to achieve high performance through feeding methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention proposes a single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna, aiming to achieve higher antenna array performance through single-ended differential hybrid decoupled technology, and providing a new solution for the application of antenna arrays in high-performance wireless communication systems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna, comprising, from top to bottom, a top metal patch structure, a dielectric substrate, a bottom metal layer, and a feeding structure; the top metal patch structure comprises a first metal patch antenna, a second metal patch antenna, a first coupling strip, and a second coupling strip; the first coupling strip and the second coupling strip are respectively arranged on both sides of the first metal patch antenna and the second metal patch antenna; a metallized through-hole is provided on the surface of the dielectric substrate; the top metal patch structure is connected to the bottom metal layer through the metallized through-hole; the first metal patch antenna and the second metal patch antenna constitute a radiation structure; the first coupling strip and the second coupling strip constitute a decoupling structure; the feeding structure comprises a first coaxial probe, a second coaxial probe, and a third coaxial probe;

[0006] By introducing a first coupling strip and a second coupling strip between the first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe of the differential antenna and the third coaxial probe of the single-ended antenna, a weak field is generated on the mutually coupled patch, thereby achieving mutual decoupling between the single-ended differential hybrid patch antennas.

[0007] The left end of the first coupling strip is located between the left edge of the first metal patch antenna and the first coaxial probe, the right end of the first coupling strip is located between the left edge of the second metal patch antenna and the third coaxial probe, the right end of the second coupling strip is located between the right edge of the second metal patch antenna and the third coaxial probe, and the left end of the second coupling strip is located between the first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe. The first metal patch antenna is excited by the first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe, and the second metal patch antenna is excited by the third coaxial probe.

[0008] Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the length of the first metal patch antenna and the second metal patch antenna is between 0.20λ0-0.25λ0, and the width is between 0.20λ0-0.25λ0; λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 3.47GHz.

[0009] Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the length of the first coupling strip and the second coupling strip is between 0.35λ0-0.40λ0, and the width is between 0.015λ0-0.020λ0; the distance between the first metal patch antenna and the second metal patch antenna to the first coupling strip and the second coupling strip is between 0.010λ0-0.015λ0, the edge-to-edge spacing between the first metal patch antenna and the second metal patch antenna is between 0.020λ0-0.025λ0, and the center spacing is 0.25λ0-0.30λ0.

[0010] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the center distance between the first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe is between 0.050λ0 and 0.055λ0.

[0011] The single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna described in the present invention, using the above technical solution, has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0012] The present invention aims to achieve higher performance of antenna arrays through single-ended differential hybrid decoupling technology, and provides a new solution for the application of antenna arrays in high-performance wireless communication systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is an S-parameter curve diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 is a gain curve diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 The simulated radiation pattern of the antenna of the embodiment of the invention at 3.47 GHz;

[0017] In the accompanying drawings, 11 is a first metal patch antenna; 12 is a second metal patch antenna; 13 is a first coupling strip; 14 is a second coupling strip; 21 is a dielectric substrate; 31 is a bottom metal layer; 41 is a first coaxial probe; 42 is a second coaxial probe; and 43 is a third coaxial probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can have a deeper understanding of the present invention and be able to implement it. However, the following reference examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, a single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna comprises, from top to bottom, a top metal patch structure, a dielectric substrate 21, a bottom metal layer 31, and a feeding structure; the top metal patch structure comprises a first metal patch antenna 11, a second metal patch antenna 12, a first coupling strip 13, and a second coupling strip 14; the first coupling strip 13 and the second coupling strip 14 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first metal patch antenna 11 and the second metal patch antenna 12; a metallized through-hole is provided on the surface of the dielectric substrate 21; the top metal patch structure is connected to the bottom metal layer 31 via the metallized through-hole; the first metal patch antenna 11 and the second metal patch antenna 12 constitute a radiation structure; the first coupling strip 13 and the second coupling strip 14 constitute a decoupling structure; the feeding structure comprises a first coaxial probe 41, a second coaxial probe 42, and a third coaxial probe 43;

[0020] By introducing a first coupling strip 13 and a second coupling strip 14 between the first coaxial probe 41 and the second coaxial probe 42 of the differential antenna and the third coaxial probe 43 of the single-ended antenna, a weak field is generated on the mutually coupled patch, thereby achieving decoupling between the single-ended differential hybrid patch antennas;

[0021] The left end of the first coupling strip 13 is located between the left edge of the first metal patch antenna 11 and the first coaxial probe 41, the right end of the first coupling strip 13 is located between the left edge of the second metal patch antenna 12 and the third coaxial probe 43, the right end of the second coupling strip 14 is located between the right edge of the second metal patch antenna 12 and the third coaxial probe 43, and the left end of the second coupling strip 14 is located between the first coaxial probe 41 and the second coaxial probe 42. The first metal patch antenna 11 is excited by the first coaxial probe 41 and the second coaxial probe 42, and the second metal patch antenna 12 is excited by the third coaxial probe 43.

[0022] The length of the first metal patch antenna 11 and the second metal patch antenna 12 is between 0.20λ0 and 0.25λ0, and the width is between 0.20λ0 and 0.25λ0; λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 3.47 GHz.

[0023] The length of the first coupling strip 13 and the second coupling strip 14 is between 0.35λ0 and 0.40λ0, and the width is between 0.015λ0 and 0.020λ0. The distance from the first metal patch antenna 11 and the second metal patch antenna 12 to the first coupling strip 13 and the second coupling strip 14 is between 0.010λ0 and 0.015λ0. The side-to-side spacing between the first metal patch antenna 11 and the second metal patch antenna 12 is between 0.020λ0 and 0.025λ0, and the center-to-center spacing is between 0.25λ0 and 0.30λ0. The center-to-center spacing between the first coaxial probe 41 and the second coaxial probe 42 is between 0.050λ0 and 0.055λ0.

[0024] Differential excitation can generate signals of equal amplitude and opposite direction. These signals are fed into the first metal patch antenna 11 through the first coaxial probe 41 and the second coaxial probe 42, exciting the TM 10mode and achieve outward radiation. At the same time, due to the effect of the asymmetric first coupling strip 13 and second coupling strip 14 structure, a weak field region is formed at the feeding position of the second metal patch antenna 12. The energy of this weak field region cannot be transmitted downward to the third coaxial probe 43, resulting in the third coaxial probe 43 being unable to be excited. Similarly, the signal generated by single-ended excitation is fed into the second metal patch antenna 12 through the third coaxial probe 43, exciting the TM10 mode on the patch and achieving outward radiation. At this time, the asymmetric first coupling strip 13 and second coupling strip 14 also generate a weak field region at the feeding position of the first metal patch antenna 11, so that the energy in this region cannot be transmitted downward to the first coaxial probe 41 and the second coaxial probe 42, so that the first coaxial probe 41 and the second coaxial probe 42 cannot be excited. In this way, good isolation characteristics are achieved.

[0025] The simulation results of the antenna matching, isolation, and gain response are shown in Figure 2. Figure 2-3 As shown in Figure 1, the 10-dB impedance matching bandwidth of this case is 1.4%, the maximum gain within the operating band is 5.35dB, and the isolation is greater than 30.01dB at 3.47GHz. Figure 4 This is the E-plane simulated radiation pattern of the designed antenna at 3.47 GHz. The 3-dB beamwidth in the E-plane is 117.6°. At this frequency, the cross-polarization level within the 3-dB beamwidth of the E-plane is -10 dB. The substrate material is Rogers RO4003C, which has a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a loss angle of 0.0027. The length of the first metal patch antenna 11 and the second metal patch antenna 12 is 0.25λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 3.47 GHz), and the width is 0.25λ0. The first metal patch antenna 11 and the second metal patch antenna 12 have a first coupling strip 13 and a second coupling strip 14 above and below them respectively. The length of the strip is 0.37λ0 and the width is 0.016λ0. The distance from the metal patch to the strip is 0.014λ0. The edge-to-edge spacing between the first metal patch antenna 11 and the second metal patch antenna 12 is 0.025λ0, the center spacing is 0.27λ0, and the center spacing between the first coaxial probe 41 and the second coaxial probe 42 is 0.054λ0.

[0026] The specific implementation scheme described above further illustrates in detail the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above is only a specific implementation scheme of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any technician in this field without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna, characterized in that: From top to bottom, it comprises a top metal patch structure, a dielectric substrate (21), a bottom metal layer (31) and a feeding structure; the top metal patch structure comprises a first metal patch antenna (11), a second metal patch antenna (12), a first coupling strip (13) and a second coupling strip (14); the first coupling strip (13) and the second coupling strip (14) are respectively arranged on both sides of the first metal patch antenna (11) and the second metal patch antenna (12); a metallized through hole is arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate (21); The top metal patch structure is connected to the bottom metal layer (31) via a metallized through hole; the first metal patch antenna (11) and the second metal patch antenna (12) form a radiation structure; the first coupling strip (13) and the second coupling strip (14) form a decoupling structure; the feeding structure includes a first coaxial probe (41), a second coaxial probe (42) and a third coaxial probe (43); By respectively introducing a first coupling strip (13) and a second coupling strip (14) between a first coaxial probe (41) and a second coaxial probe (42) of a differential antenna and a third coaxial probe (43) of a single-ended antenna, a weak field is generated on the mutually coupled patch, thereby achieving decoupling between the single-ended differential hybrid patch antennas; The left end of the first coupling strip (13) is located between the left edge of the first metal patch antenna (11) and the first coaxial probe (41), the right end of the first coupling strip (13) is located between the left edge of the second metal patch antenna (12) and the third coaxial probe (43), the right end of the second coupling strip (14) is located between the right edge of the second metal patch antenna (12) and the third coaxial probe (43), the left end of the second coupling strip (14) is located between the first coaxial probe (41) and the second coaxial probe (42), the first metal patch antenna (11) is excited by the first coaxial probe (41) and the second coaxial probe (42), and the second metal patch antenna (12) is excited by the third coaxial probe (43).

2. The single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first metal patch antenna (11) and the second metal patch antenna (12) is between 0.20λ0 and 0.25λ0, and the width is between 0.20λ0 and 0.25λ0; λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 3.47 GHz.

3. The single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the first coupling strip (13) and the second coupling strip (14) is between 0.35λ0 and 0.40λ0, and the width is between 0.015λ0 and 0.020λ0; the distance from the first metal patch antenna (11) and the second metal patch antenna (12) to the first coupling strip (13) and the second coupling strip (14) is between 0.010λ0 and 0.015λ0, the side-to-side spacing between the first metal patch antenna (11) and the second metal patch antenna (12) is between 0.020λ0 and 0.025λ0, and the center-to-center spacing is 0.25λ0 and 0.30λ0.

4. The single-ended differential hybrid decoupled patch antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The center distance between the first coaxial probe (41) and the second coaxial probe (42) is between 0.050λ0 and 0.055λ0.

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