Animal gait analysis device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an animal gait analysis device and method. The animal gait analysis device comprises a test table board; the plurality of footprint signal modules are mechanically spliced end to end and electrically connected to form a walking path in a predetermined form; the test open field is arranged above the walking path and comprises at least two oppositely arranged side plates, at least one obstacle and / or at least one dynamic partition, the distance between the side plates is automatically adjusted through a driving mechanism to adapt to test objects of different body types, the obstacle is selectively connected to the surface of a footprint signal module, and the dynamic partition is arranged on the surface of the footprint signal module. The dynamic partition is selectively connected to the surface of the footprint signal module; the control device is electrically connected with the footprint signal module, the driving mechanism, the obstacle and the dynamic partition so as to receive signals collected from the footprint signal module, and the animal gait analysis result is obtained based on the distance between the side plates, the state of the obstacle and the state of the dynamic partition controlled by the signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of animal behavior analysis, and in particular to an animal gait analysis device and method. Background Art

[0002] Animal gait analysis is an important tool in research fields such as animal behavior, neuroscience, and pharmacology. It provides key data for understanding animal movement patterns, assessing nervous system function, and studying the effects of drugs on motor behavior. Traditional gait analysis methods, such as those based on manual observation or video recording, are highly subjective, inefficient, and difficult to perform precise quantitative analysis.

[0003] To improve the objectivity and accuracy of the analysis, researchers have developed a variety of gait analysis equipment. Among them, the system based on the principle of optical refraction is a commonly used one. This type of system usually uses a light-emitting element, a total internal reflection glass plate and a high-speed camera. When the animal's foot touches the glass plate, it will destroy the total internal reflection condition of the light, generate refracted light, and be captured by the camera to form footprints. However, this type of system is sensitive to ambient light and easily interfered with, and the cleaning and maintenance of the glass plate is relatively cumbersome. In addition, the size and shape of its walking channel are usually fixed, which is difficult to adapt to the needs of animals of different sizes or special experimental designs. It is also difficult to upgrade and customize the system.

[0004] Another common technology is a pressure sensor-based system, which detects foot pressure distribution and contact time by laying a pressure sensor array along the walking path. Although this type of system can provide pressure information, the spatial resolution and dynamic range of the sensors may limit their ability to capture small animals or fine gait characteristics. They are also expensive and suffer from low modularity and adaptability.

[0005] The animal gait analysis devices in the existing technology still have room for improvement in modular design, scalability, ease of maintenance, and signal acquisition accuracy in specific scenarios. For example, when it is necessary to conduct experiments on animals of different sizes (such as from mice to rats, or even rabbits), replacing or adjusting the walking platform and sensing area is often not flexible and convenient enough. If the sensing plate is damaged, the overall replacement cost is high and local repairs are difficult. At the same time, if it is necessary to construct a walking path of a special shape or a longer distance, the existing fixed-size sensing platform is also difficult to meet the needs.

[0006] Therefore, developing an animal gait analysis device that is flexible in structure, easy to maintain and upgrade, can accurately collect gait signals, and can adapt to different experimental needs has important practical significance and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an animal gait analysis device and analysis method to solve at least one of the above problems.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides an animal gait analysis device, comprising:

[0009] A test table, wherein a first module interface for installing a footprint signal module is provided on the test table;

[0010] Multiple footprint signal modules that can be spliced together, the multiple footprint signal modules are mechanically spliced end to end and electrically connected to form a predetermined walking path;

[0011] A test field is provided above the walking path and includes: at least two oppositely disposed side panels, at least one obstacle, and / or at least one dynamic partition. The spacing between the side panels is automatically adjusted by a drive mechanism to accommodate test subjects of different sizes. The obstacle is selectively connectable to the surface of the footprint signal module, and the dynamic partition is selectively connectable to the surface of the footprint signal module.

[0012] The control device is electrically connected to the footprint signal module, the driving mechanism, the obstacle and the dynamic partition respectively to receive the signal collected from the footprint signal module, and controls the spacing between the side panels, the state of the obstacle and the state of the dynamic partition based on the signal to obtain the animal gait analysis result.

[0013] It has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. Currently, the walking path has a fixed size and shape, making it difficult to adapt to animals of different sizes or special experimental requirements. This application uses multiple footprint signal modules that can be spliced together to flexibly combine into walking paths of different forms, greatly improving the modularity and scalability of the device. This allows the device to easily adapt to the experimental needs of animals of different sizes (such as from mice to rats, and even rabbits), and the size, shape, and length of the walking path can be easily adjusted according to the experimental design, solving the problem that the walking path has a fixed size and shape, making it difficult to adapt to animals of different sizes or special experimental design requirements.

[0015] 2. Current optical refraction systems and pressure sensor systems often require complete replacement when the sensor plate is damaged, which is costly and difficult to repair locally. The footprint signal modules provided in this application are designed to be interconnected, so when a single module is damaged, only the damaged module needs to be replaced or repaired. This greatly reduces overall replacement costs and facilitates local repairs, thus significantly improving the device's ease of maintenance.

[0016] 3. This application simulates a more complex and sophisticated experimental environment by placing obstacles and / or dynamic partitions in the test field and adjusting their states through control devices. Combined with automatic adjustment of the side panel spacing and signal acquisition from the footprint signal module, it can support a richer range of behavioral guidance, training, or stimulation experiments, thereby enhancing the depth and breadth of gait analysis and providing richer and more comprehensive data for research in animal behavior, neuroscience, and other fields.

[0017] Furthermore, the first module interface includes a first positioning structure and a first locking structure. The first positioning structure is used for accurately positioning the footprint signal module on the test table, and the first locking structure is used for firmly locking the footprint signal module to the test table.

[0018] Furthermore, any two adjacent footprint signal modules are mechanically spliced and electrically connected via the second module interface to form a walking path of a predetermined length or shape.

[0019] Furthermore, the second module interface includes a second positioning structure and a second locking structure provided on the splicing end face of the footprint signal module, and a second electrical interface for signal and power transmission between modules. The second positioning structure is used for precise positioning between two adjacent footprint signal modules, and the second locking structure is used to fix two adjacent footprint signal modules together.

[0020] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a guide rail arranged on the test table, and a slider connected to the side plate and slidable on the guide rail, and the slider is moved by a screw mechanism driven by the motor.

[0021] Furthermore, the driving mechanism also includes a position sensor connected to the slider or the motor, and the position sensor is used to provide a feedback signal of the side plate position to the control device to achieve closed-loop control.

[0022] Furthermore, at least one detachable obstacle is provided inside the test field, and the obstacle is fixed to the surface of the footprint signal module or the inner wall of the side panel by snap connection, magnetic attraction or screw connection.

[0023] Furthermore, the obstacle is at least one of a column, a ramp, or a module with a replaceable textured surface.

[0024] Furthermore, the test field includes a plurality of independently controllable dynamic partitions, which are driven by a control device and can form variable channel branches or closed areas within the walking path to achieve dynamic reconstruction of the walking path.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides an animal gait analysis method, which is applied to the above-mentioned animal gait analysis device, and the method includes:

[0026] In response to user input or a preset program, the control device controls the driving mechanism to automatically adjust the distance between at least two oppositely disposed side panels of the test field to accommodate the body size of the test subject;

[0027] The control device receives the signal collected from the footprint signal module;

[0028] The control device controls the distance between the side panels, the state of the obstacle and the state of the dynamic partition based on the signal to obtain the animal gait analysis result.

[0029] It has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] Currently, when conducting experiments on animals of varying sizes, replacing or adjusting the walking platform and sensing area is often inflexible and inconvenient. This method, in response to user input or a preset program, controls a drive mechanism via a control device to automatically adjust the spacing between the side panels of the test field to accommodate the size of the test subject, thereby automating the experimental setup. This greatly simplifies the pre-experimental preparation process, significantly improves experimental efficiency and convenience, reduces the errors and time consumed by manual adjustments, and addresses the problem of inflexible and inconvenient replacement or adjustment of the walking platform and sensing area.

[0031] 2. Traditional gait analysis methods are highly subjective and difficult to perform accurate quantitative analysis. This method uses a control device to receive signals collected from the footprint signal module and obtain animal gait analysis results based on these signals. Utilizing the device's modular footprint signal collection capabilities, this method ensures high objectivity and accuracy in gait analysis results, avoids the subjectivity of traditional manual observation, and provides reliable quantitative data support, thus solving the problems of strong subjectivity, low efficiency, and difficulty in performing accurate quantitative analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention; identical reference numerals are used for components having identical structures and functions.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the animal gait analysis device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the splicing of the footprint signal module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the obstacle and footprint signal module fixing method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic partition provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a footprint signal module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the process of an animal gait analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] Animal gait analysis device-100;

[0041] Test table 1; base 11; first module interface 12; first positioning structure 121; guide rail 1211; slider 1212; first locking structure 122; locking pin 1221; first electrical interface 123; preset electrical connector 1231; fixed connector 1232;

[0042] Test field-2; side panel-21; top panel-22; adjustment structure-23; drive structure-231; nut seat-232;

[0043] Footprint signal module 3; substrate 31; capacitive touch screen 32; surface protection layer 33; second module interface 34; second positioning structure 341; tenon 3411; mortise 3412; second locking structure 342; screw 3421; second electrical interface 343; cylindrical connector 3431;

[0044] Control unit-4;

[0045] Camera assembly-5;

[0046] Behavior Guidance Device-6;

[0047] Obstacle 7; Ramp-71; Permanent magnet-72;

[0048] Dynamic partition-8; door panel-81; micro motor-82. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0050] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0051] In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, “a plurality of” means two or more.

[0052] An animal gait analysis device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 1-5 As shown, its primary function is to provide an animal with a controllable walking environment and accurately capture and analyze gait parameters during walking. The device primarily comprises a test surface 1, at least one footprint signal module 3, a test field 2, a control device 4, and optionally, a camera assembly 5 and a behavior guidance device 6.

[0053] Test table 1 serves as the base platform for the entire device. It is typically constructed from a high-strength, high-stability material, such as a thick aluminum alloy plate or a ribbed engineering plastic structure. Its flat top surface serves as a support and anchor for other components. The base 11 of test table 1 is designed with sufficient weight and a suitable support structure to ensure overall stability during experiments and prevent vibration from affecting data acquisition accuracy. Test table 1 is equipped with a first module interface 12 for mounting the footprint signal module 3.

[0054] The test field 2 is located above the test surface 1 and is typically enclosed by side panels 21 and an optional top panel 22, forming a defined passageway to guide the animal walking on the footprint signal module 3. The spacing between the side panels 21 can be adjusted by an adjustment structure 23 to accommodate experimental animals of different sizes.

[0055] The footprint signal module 3 is the core unit for collecting gait information. In this embodiment, the footprint signal module 3 can adopt capacitive touch screen 32 technology. When the animal's foot touches its surface, it will cause local capacitance changes, which will be detected and converted into footprint signals. The surface of the footprint signal module 3 is usually covered with a wear-resistant, scratch-resistant, and easy-to-clean surface protection layer 33, such as tempered glass or polycarbonate film. The substrate 31 of the footprint signal module 3 provides support for its internal circuit and sensor unit. The footprint signal module 3 cooperates with the first module interface 12 on the test table 1 through the second module interface 34 at its bottom to achieve quick installation and disassembly.

[0056] The test field 2 is constructed above the footprint signal module 3 to form a passage for guiding animals to walk along a specific path. The test field 2 is mainly composed of side panels 21 on both sides and an optional top panel 22. The height of the side panels 21 is set according to the type and size of the experimental animals to prevent the animals from escaping. The inner surface is usually smooth and of a single color to reduce interference and visual stimulation to the animals. The top panel 22 can be transparent for convenient observation and video recording, or it can be opaque for controlling lighting conditions or preventing animals from jumping out. The spacing between the side panels 21, that is, the width of the walking passage, can be adjusted by adjusting the structure 23.

[0057] The control device 4 is primarily responsible for controlling the operation of various components and calculating and processing data. It typically includes a microprocessor, a data acquisition card, a drive control circuit, a power supply module, and a human-computer interface. The control device 4 connects to the footprint signal module 3 via a first electrical interface 123, receives and processes footprint signals, and calculates parameters such as stride length, cadence, speed, and support phase. The control device 4 also controls the adjustment structure 23 to adjust the width of the walking path, controls the behavior guidance device 6 (e.g., an audio, light, or electrical stimulation unit) to guide animal behavior, and interacts with the camera assembly 5 to synchronously record video information.

[0058] The camera assembly 5, such as a high-speed camera, can be installed above or to the side of the test field 2 to record the animal's overall movement posture and limb coordination. The data can be synchronously analyzed with the footprint signal to provide more comprehensive gait information.

[0059] The behavior guidance device 6 can be integrated at the entrance, exit or side wall of the test field 2 to guide the animal to walk in a predetermined direction and speed through light spots, sounds, smells or slight electrical stimulation, thereby improving the controllability of the experiment and the efficiency of data collection.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] This embodiment mainly introduces the universal interface design between the footprint signal module 3 and the test bench 1, as well as between other optional functional components (such as specific sensor arrays, environmental simulation units, etc., not shown) and the test bench 1, to achieve rapid assembly, replacement and maintenance of various components. This mainly involves the design of the first module interface 12. The first module interface 12 includes a mechanical connection part and an electrical connection part. The mechanical connection part ensures the stability of the component installation and the accuracy of the position, while the electrical connection part is responsible for signal transmission and power supply. The following scheme is an exemplary scheme:

[0062] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, two or more guide rails 1211 (such as dovetail guide rails or linear slide rails) are arranged in parallel on the test table 1. A slider 1212 is provided at the corresponding position at the bottom of the base plate 31 of the footprint signal module 3. The slider of the footprint signal module 3 is aligned with the guide rail 1211 of the test table 1 and pushed in, and the slider 1212 slides to a predetermined position in the guide rail 1211. At the predetermined position, a locking pin 1221 or a quick wrench-type locking mechanism (as part of the first locking structure 122) is provided, which can firmly position the slider 1212 after operation. The guide rail 1211 and the slider 1212 constitute the first positioning structure 121. After the footprint signal module 3 slides into place, the preset electrical connector 1231 (such as a multi-pin connector or a spring pin connector, as part of the first electrical interface 123) on its side or bottom is automatically aligned and engaged with the corresponding fixed connector 1232 on the test table 1. This solution provides high positioning accuracy and installation stability, and is suitable for components with strict position requirements.

[0063] It is understandable that in some embodiments, the test table 1 is provided with a plurality of (preferably 2 to 4) upwardly protruding precision positioning pins (as the first positioning structure 121). A positioning hole that precisely matches the positioning pin is opened at the corresponding position at the bottom of the substrate 31 of the footprint signal module 3. During installation, the positioning hole of the footprint signal module 3 is aligned with the positioning pin of the test table 1 and lowered, and the module can be precisely positioned. Locking is achieved by setting a permanent magnet or electromagnet (as the first locking structure 122) in the corresponding area of the test table 1 and the substrate 31 of the footprint signal module 3, and the components are automatically adsorbed and fixed when they are close. Electrical connection can be achieved wirelessly (such as near-field inductive coupling power supply and Bluetooth / Wi-Fi data transmission), or a Pogo Pin (spring probe) array and corresponding contact pads (as the first electrical interface 123) are set near the positioning pin / hole, which automatically contact and conduct after the module is positioned. This solution is extremely simple and fast to operate, does not require additional tools, and magnetic adsorption provides sufficient fixing force, which is suitable for scenarios where components are frequently replaced. Wireless connection avoids wear and tear on the physical interface.

[0064] It is understandable that in some embodiments, a standard-sized mounting slot or mounting area is reserved on the test table 1, and the edge of the area is provided with a fixed hole or slot of uniform specifications. The footprint signal module 3 or other functional components are installed on a standardized base plate or frame, and the size and fixed interface of the base plate or frame match the standard mounting slot / area on the test table 1. The footprint signal module 3 with a standard base plate is placed in the mounting slot of the test table 1 and fixed by a quick-locking screw, a pull rod type buckle (as the first locking structure 122) or a toggle type lock. The standardized mounting holes and edge contours constitute the first positioning structure 121. A standardized multi-functional connector (such as a D-Sub connector, an aviation plug or a board-to-board connector, as the first electrical interface 123) is integrated on one side or the bottom of the standard mounting area, and the corresponding interface of the footprint signal module 3 is docked with it after the module is installed in place. This solution has strong versatility. Modules from different manufacturers and with different functions can be interchanged as long as they follow the interface standards, which facilitates system upgrades and expansions.

[0065] It can be understood that in some embodiments, a clamping arm or a clamping claw (as a first locking structure 122) that can be driven by a cylinder or a micro motor is provided at the edge of the installation position of the test table 1. The edge of the substrate 31 of the footprint signal module 3 is designed with a matching clamping feature (such as a groove or a specific shape). The footprint signal module 3 is placed in a predetermined area of the test table 1 (the area may be provided with a preliminary guide structure as part of the first positioning structure 121), and then the pneumatic or electric clamping mechanism is activated by the control device 4, and the clamping arm firmly clamps the module. A zero insertion force (ZIF) connector or a low insertion force (LIF) connector is used (as the first electrical interface 123). After the module is placed in place, the contacts of the connector are pressed by a lever or slider mechanism (which can be linked with the clamping action) to achieve a reliable electrical connection. This solution has a high degree of automation and controllable clamping force, and is suitable for scenarios that require remote operation or replacement of components in a closed environment. ZIF / LIF connectors have a long service life and are easy to plug and unplug.

[0066] It is understandable that in some embodiments, a rotating handle or lever with an eccentric wheel is provided on the test table 1 (as part of the first locking structure 122). The bottom of the substrate 31 of the footprint signal module 3 is provided with a pressing surface or a clamping structure that cooperates with the eccentric wheel. The footprint signal module 3 is placed at a designated position on the test table 1 (the position can be preliminarily positioned by an edge block or a visual mark, as the first positioning structure 121), and then the cam handle is rotated, and the eccentric wheel rotates so that the module is firmly pressed or locked on the test table 1. A section of flexible flat cable (FFC) or flexible printed circuit board (FPC) is led out from the bottom or side of the substrate 31 of the footprint signal module 3, and its end is provided with a connector or directly a gold finger. An FFC / FPC connector socket or a spring contact array (as the first electrical interface 123) is set at the corresponding position on the test table 1. After the module is locked, the FFC / FPC is reliably connected. This solution has a large and stable locking force and is intuitive to operate. The flexible circuit connection can adapt to certain installation tolerances and takes up little space.

[0067] Through the above solution, the footprint signal module 3 and other functional components can achieve fast and reliable mechanical fixation and electrical connection with the test bench 1, greatly improving the modularity, maintainability and experimental setting efficiency of the device.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] This embodiment mainly introduces how to splice multiple footprint signal modules 3 when the animal gait analysis device 100 needs to construct a longer or specific shape (such as L-shaped, U-shaped, S-shaped) walking path. This mainly involves the design of the second module interface 34 at the end face of the footprint signal module 3, which also includes a mechanical connection part and an electrical connection part. The mechanical splicing part needs to ensure high alignment accuracy between modules, firm connection, and smooth surface transition. The electrical connection part is to realize the series or parallel power supply of adjacent modules and the lossless transmission or daisy chain transmission of signals. The following scheme is an exemplary scheme:

[0070] In this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, one end of each footprint signal module 3 is designed as a tenon 3411, and the other end is designed as a mortise 3412 (or a flange on one side and a groove on the other side, as part of the second positioning structure 341). The dimensions and tolerances of the mortise and tenon structure are precisely processed to ensure that the modules can be tightly fitted and automatically aligned when spliced. After splicing, they can be further fixed by quick-locking screws 3421 or snaps (as part of the second locking structure 342, not shown separately) on the side or bottom of the module. On the side of the splicing end face of the module, close to the upper and lower surfaces, one or more groups of waterproof and dustproof docking connectors (such as rectangular connectors or cylindrical connectors 3431, as the second electrical interface 343) are provided. When the mechanical splicing of the modules is completed, these connectors are also precisely aligned and plugged in. The mortise and tenon structure of this solution can provide very good alignment accuracy and structural strength, and the surface transition is smooth. In addition, the side connection is not easily affected by walking surface contamination.

[0071] It can be understood that in some embodiments, a strong permanent magnet array is built into the edge of the splicing end face of each footprint signal module 3, and the magnetic poles are carefully arranged so that adjacent modules can automatically attract and accurately align when they are close (the magnetic arrangement itself constitutes the second positioning structure 341 and a partial locking function). To enhance fixation, a small manual lock (as a second locking structure 342) can also be used. One or more arrays composed of Pogo Pins (spring probes) are set on the splicing end face of a footprint signal module 3 (as part of the second electrical interface 343), and corresponding flat conductive pads or gold finger areas are set on the corresponding end faces of adjacent modules. After the modules are magnetically attracted and aligned, the Pogo Pin array is compressed and in close contact with the pads to achieve electrical connectivity. This solution is extremely quick and convenient to splice, has self-alignment characteristics, and does not require tools. The Pogo Pin connection has good tolerance and reliable contact.

[0072] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the splicing end face of a footprint signal module 3 is processed into a dovetail tenon (or T-shaped tenon), and the corresponding end face of the adjacent module is processed into a dovetail groove (or T-shaped groove, constituting the second positioning structure 341). When splicing, the tenon of one module is axially slid into the groove of another module. After sliding into place, it can be prevented from sliding out by a lateral stop screw or spring pin (as a second locking structure 342). A card edge connector or board-to-board connector (as a second electrical interface 343) is integrated at the edge of the splicing end face of the module (for example, near the upper or lower surface). When the module slides into place, the male and female parts of the connector also engage. The connection of this solution is very strong and can withstand a certain amount of lateral force. It is suitable for long paths that require higher structural integrity.

[0073] It is understandable that in some embodiments, a standardized screw hole or slot is provided near the splicing end face of each footprint signal module 3. A special connecting rod or connecting plate (the two ends of which correspond to the interface features of the two modules respectively) is used to fix the adjacent modules together through bolts or quick buckles. The connecting rod / plate itself also has positioning features (such as pins) to ensure alignment (constituting the second positioning structure 341 and the second locking structure 342). A short flexible flat cable (FFC) or flexible printed circuit board (FPC) with a connector is led out from the end face of each footprint signal module 3. After the adjacent modules are spliced, their FFC / FPC connectors are docked with each other, or bridged through a bidirectional FFC / FPC adapter board (constituting the second electrical interface 343). This solution has relatively low requirements for the processing accuracy of the module itself, and mainly relies on the connector to ensure accuracy. Flexible cable bridging can well absorb small displacements and angular deviations between modules and is easy to repair.

[0074] It is understood that in some embodiments, the splicing end face of each footprint signal module 3 is internally provided with several (e.g., 2-4) connecting pins that can be driven by internal micro-actuators (such as memory alloy wires or micro-airbags) to achieve radial expansion or axial extension. During splicing, the modules are aligned (preliminary positioning can be achieved through simple concave and convex features on the module housing, as part of the second positioning structure 341). Then, the actuator is activated, causing the connecting pins to expand or extend, tightly fitting with corresponding holes or sleeves in the end faces of adjacent modules to achieve locking (forming the second locking structure 342). Power can be conducted through metal contact points provided on the module end faces. Signal transmission utilizes a short-range wireless communication unit (such as ultra-wideband UWB, Bluetooth Mesh) or a micro-fiber transceiver integrated within the module, achieving data bus connection between modules through a wireless window or fiber alignment interface reserved on the end face (serving as the second electrical interface 343). This solution can achieve semi-automatic or fully automated connection and disassembly. Wireless or fiber optic data transmission avoids the wear and oxidation problems of physical electrical contacts, and has high signal transmission rates and strong anti-interference capabilities.

[0075] Through the above-mentioned second module interface 34 design, multiple footprint signal modules 3 can be conveniently spliced into walking paths of arbitrary length and specific curved shape (for example, by designing splicing end faces with specific angles or using L-shaped / U-shaped / S-shaped adapter modules), which greatly expands the experimental scenarios and research scope.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] This embodiment primarily describes how the width between the side panels 21 of the test field 2 can be automatically adjusted based on the size of the experimental animal. This primarily involves the design of the adjustment structure 23 and its coordinated operation with the control device 4. The primary goal is to provide a walking space that prevents small animals from turning erratically within an overly wide passageway while still accommodating the comfortable passage of large animals. The adjustment structure 23 typically includes a drive section, a transmission section, and a guide section. The following scheme is an exemplary embodiment:

[0078] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, on the test table 1, a precision ball screw or trapezoidal screw (not shown in the figure) is installed parallel to the walking path direction. The screw is driven by a driving structure 231 (stepper motor or servo motor) through a coupling or a synchronous belt. The two side plates 21 are respectively connected to the screw through a nut seat 232 and are installed on a linear guide rail (not shown in the figure) to ensure smooth movement. The control device 4 calculates the appropriate channel width based on the animal type or size information input by the user, or the parameters obtained by the connected animal size recognition unit (such as a small 3D scanner or image analysis module). Then, the control device 4 drives the stepper motor to rotate, and the rotation of the screw drives the two side plates 21 to move toward or away from each other until the target width is reached. This solution has high adjustment accuracy, smooth movement, and strong load capacity, and is suitable for scenarios where precise control of channel width is required.

[0079] It is understood that in some embodiments, a single, high-power motor drives a central shaft, with gears mounted on either end of the shaft, which engage racks fixed to the bottoms of the two side panels 21. The motor's rotation drives the central shaft and gears, thereby causing the two side panels 21 to move synchronously toward or away from each other. The control device 4 controls the single motor to rotate a specific angle or number of revolutions, transmitting the motion to the two side panels 21 via a transmission mechanism to achieve width adjustment. Limit switches or encoders are typically required to precisely control the travel. This solution is relatively simple and straightforward in structure, resulting in low cost.

[0080] It is understood that in some embodiments, a single, high-power motor is used to drive a crank slider mechanism or a parallelogram linkage mechanism, the two output ends of which are respectively connected to the two side plates 21. The rotation of the motor achieves the synchronous opening and closing of the two side plates through the geometric movement of the connecting rod. The control device 4 controls the single motor to rotate a specific angle or number of revolutions, and transmits the motion to the two side plates 21 through the transmission mechanism to achieve width adjustment. Usually, limit switches or encoders are required to accurately control the stroke. This solution has a relatively simple structure and low cost, and can achieve a specific motion curve through design.

[0081] It is understandable that in some embodiments, the bottom or side of each side panel 21 is connected to the piston rod of one or more small air cylinders or hydraulic cylinders. The cylinder body of the air cylinder / hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the test bench 1. The control device 4 controls the flow direction and flow rate of the gas or liquid to each air cylinder / hydraulic cylinder through an electromagnetic valve. The position of the side panel 21 can be adjusted by precisely controlling the extension length of the air cylinder / hydraulic cylinder. A closed-loop control system can be formed using a proportional valve and a displacement sensor (such as a linear potentiometer or a magnetostrictive displacement sensor) to achieve precise width setting. This solution has a fast response speed and a large output force, and is suitable for occasions where rapid adjustment is required or a certain clamping force requirement is required for the side panel.

[0082] It is understood that in some embodiments, the bottoms of the two side plates 21 are fixedly connected to the ends of one or more high-strength flexible drive belts (such as steel belts or reinforced rubber synchronous belts). The middle portion of the drive belt is wound around a reel driven by a motor, or the drive belt forms a closed loop and is driven by a friction wheel or sprocket driven by the motor. The control device 4 controls the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, the reel to wind or unwind the drive belt, or the drive wheel drives the closed loop drive belt to circulate, thereby causing the two side plates 21 connected to the drive belt to move synchronously. This solution has a compact structure and low noise. It is suitable for compact designs with space requirements.

[0083] It is understandable that in some embodiments, multiple sections of SMA wire or EAP film actuators are integrated into the supporting structure of the side panel 21. These actuators will deform (elongate or contract) when powered on or the temperature changes. The control device 4 precisely controls the current or voltage applied to the SMA or EAP actuator to cause it to produce precise micro-displacement. By arraying or connecting multiple such micro-actuating units in series, fine adjustment of the position of the side panel 21 can be achieved. This solution is more suitable for fine-tuning after the basic width is set, or for flexible adaptive adjustment to adapt to the tiny pressure changes generated when the animal walks. There are no moving parts, no noise, small size, and fast response. It is particularly suitable for special applications that require flexible adaptation or precise fine-tuning.

[0084] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the driving mechanism further includes a position sensor connected to the slider or the motor, and the position sensor is used to provide a feedback signal of the side plate position to the control device to achieve closed-loop control.

[0085] Through the above scheme, the width of the walking channel of the test open field 2 can be automatically and accurately adjusted, thereby improving the universality and experimental efficiency of the device for animals of different sizes.

[0086] Example 4

[0087] This embodiment mainly introduces how to conveniently set up and remove different types of obstacles 7 within the walking path of the test field 2 to study the animal's obstacle avoidance behavior, learning ability, or adaptability to environmental changes. The design of the obstacle 7 should take into account the convenience and stability of installation and the safety of the animal. The obstacle 7 can be fixed to the upper surface of the footprint signal module 3, or the inner wall of the side panel 21 of the test field 2, or the top panel 22 (if provided). The following scheme is an exemplary scheme:

[0088] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, a permanent magnet 72 or a piece of ferromagnetic material is embedded in the bottom or mounting surface of an obstacle 7 (such as a small column, low wall, ramp 71, etc.). A ferromagnetic material area or another set of permanent magnets 72 is preset at corresponding positions beneath the surface protective layer 33 of the footprint signal module 3 or on the inner wall of the side panel 21. Once the obstacle 7 module is placed in the predetermined position, it is automatically fixed by magnetic attraction. For removal, simply pull it out. This solution is extremely convenient and quick to install and remove, requiring no tools, and allows for flexible adjustment of the position and combination of obstacles 7.

[0089] It is understandable that in some embodiments, a number of standard-sized slots (such as T-slots or dovetail slots) are provided on the upper surface of the footprint signal module 3 or the inner wall of the side panel 21 along the direction or transverse direction of the walking path. The bottom of the obstacle 7 is designed with a snap-in structure (such as a T-block or dovetail tenon) that matches the slot. The snap-in structure of the obstacle 7 can be aligned with the slot and slid or pressed into place to secure it. Some designs may have elastic locks to prevent accidental disengagement. This solution is firmly fixed, accurately positioned, and can withstand a certain impact force. It is suitable for experiments that require precise arrangement of the position of the obstacle 7.

[0090] It is understandable that in some embodiments, the upper surface of the footprint signal module 3 (or a replaceable grid plate covering it) is designed with a hole array with standard spacing (such as a hole array similar to the bottom plate of Lego blocks). The bottom of the obstacle 7 (such as a pillar, board wall, etc.) has a pin or protrusion that matches the hole array. The obstacle 7 can be fixed by inserting the pin into the hole of the grid plate. Obstacles of various complex shapes can be combined very flexibly. This solution has a very high degree of combination freedom and can create a very diverse obstacle environment. It is suitable for exploratory research or simulating complex terrain.

[0091] It is understood that in some embodiments, some obstacles 7 (such as cylinders and baffles) are driven by micro-servo motors or stepper motors and are installed below the footprint signal module 3 or in the interlayer of the side panel 21. These obstacles 7 can be controlled by the control device 4 and raised into the walking path or retracted / rotated away from the path as needed during the experiment. The control device 4 controls the action of the motor according to a preset program or an external trigger signal (such as the animal reaching a specific location), causing the obstacles 7 to appear or disappear dynamically. This solution can achieve the dynamic presentation of obstacles 7 for studying the animal's reaction time, decision-making process, or adaptive learning.

[0092] Through the above scheme, various static or dynamic obstacles 7 can be conveniently introduced into the test open field 2, thereby enriching the experimental design and expanding the application scope of animal gait analysis.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] This embodiment, based on the previously described embodiment of the detachable obstacle 7, further illustrates how to achieve dynamic, programmatic reconfiguration of the path of the walking path itself. This typically involves setting controllable doors, partitions, or path selection points in the walking path, with the control device 4 automatically changing the topology of the path according to the experimental design. The purpose of dynamic reconfiguration is to create complex maze tasks, Y-shaped or T-shaped selection tasks, or to change the path opening and closing during the experiment to study the animal's spatial learning, memory, decision-making, and path planning abilities. The following scheme is an exemplary scheme:

[0095] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, a small door panel 81 driven by a micro motor 82 (servo motor or stepper motor) is installed at a specific node of the walking path (such as a three-way or four-way intersection, or the middle of a channel). The door panel 81 can rotate around the axis to open / close a specific channel, or translate along the guide rail to open / block the channel. The control device 4 controls the corresponding motor action according to the preset experimental process (for example, changing the open state of the next channel after the animal completes an attempt) or real-time sensor information (such as the animal stays in a certain area for too long), changes the switch state of the door panel 81, and thus reconstructs the path. This solution can accurately control the on and off of the path and realize classic maze tasks (such as a simplified version of the Barnes maze and the radial arm maze).

[0096] Understandably, in some embodiments, a small air cylinder or electromagnetic push-pull rod is embedded in the sidewall or bottom of the channel, with a lightweight baffle attached to its end. The control device 4 controls the solenoid valve to inflate or deflate the air cylinder, or to power the electromagnetic push-pull rod on or off, causing the baffle to quickly extend into the channel to form a barrier, or retract into the sidewall or bottom to clear the channel. By combining multiple such baffles, the connectivity of the path can be flexibly changed. This solution offers fast response and decisive action, making it suitable for experiments requiring rapid changes in path status.

[0097] It is understandable that in some embodiments, the side panels 21 or partial partitions of the walking channel are made of transparent materials (such as glass or polymer plates), and the inner surface is covered with a film that can electrically change the transparency, such as a PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) film or an electrochromic film. The control device 4 changes the film in a specific area from transparent to opaque (forming a visual barrier or "wall"), or vice versa, by applying or revoking a voltage. In this way, the path layout perceived by the animal can be dynamically changed without changing the physical structure. This solution does not require the design of mechanical movement, is quiet, and changes quickly. The role of visual cues in path selection can be studied, or a dynamically changing visual maze can be created.

[0098] It can be understood that in some embodiments, standardized Y-shaped, T-shaped or cross-shaped splicable footprint signal modules 3 are designed (the splicing method thereof can refer to Example 2). At the entrance or exit of these bifurcation / merging modules, the small door of the above-mentioned scheme 1 or the door panel or dynamic partition in scheme 5 is integrated. By splicing these special path modules, a complex path network with multiple branch points can be pre-constructed. Then, the control device 4 dynamically selects which branches are open and which are closed by controlling the switching status of the doors / baffles integrated inside these modules. This solution combines the flexibility of modular splicing and the real-time nature of dynamic control, and can construct a very complex path network that can be changed in real time.

[0099] It is understandable that in some embodiments, at certain nodes of the walking path, the footprint signal module 3 itself (or a small section thereof) is designed as a platform that can be slightly raised and lowered as a whole, driven by a micro screw mechanism or a scissor-type lifting mechanism. When the platform is raised, its surface is flush with the main path, and animals can pass normally. After the platform drops a certain distance (for example, a few millimeters to one centimeter), its surface is lower than the main path, forming a "cliff" or step, preventing animals from passing in that direction, or guiding animals into another lower path (if a multi-layer path is designed) that docks with the platform after it drops. The control device 4 controls the lifting and lowering of the platform to achieve path switching. This solution can achieve physical blocking or hierarchical switching of the path, increasing the complexity and challenge of the path.

[0100] Through the above scheme, dynamic reconfiguration of walking channels can be achieved, providing a powerful tool for studying the behavior of animals in complex and changing environments.

[0101] The working process of the animal gait analysis device 100 provided in this application is roughly as follows:

[0102] 1. Experimental Preparation

[0103] According to the experimental requirements and the size of the animal, select and install one or more footprint signal modules 3 on the test platform 1. If multiple modules 3 are used, they are spliced into the expected walking path (straight, L-shaped, U-shaped, etc.) according to the method of Example 2.

[0104] The control device 4 automatically adjusts the spacing between the side panels 21 of the test field 2 via the adjustment structure 23 (such as in Example 3) to adapt to the size of the test animal.

[0105] According to the experimental design, a detachable obstacle 7 is deployed in the walking path (as described in Example 4), or a dynamic path reconstruction unit is configured (as described in Example 5).

[0106] Calibrate the camera assembly 5 and the behavior guidance device 6 (if used).

[0107] 2. Collect data

[0108] Place the experimental animal at the starting end of the walking path.

[0109] The experiment begins by starting the control device 4. The behavior guidance device 6 can guide the animal to walk as needed.

[0110] When an animal walks on the footprint signal module 3, its foot contacts the capacitive touch screen 32, generating capacitance change signals. These raw signals are collected by the footprint signal module 3 and transmitted to the control device 4 via the first electrical interface 123 (and possibly the second electrical interface 343 if multiple footprint signal modules 3 are used).

[0111] At the same time, the camera assembly 5 can synchronously record the animal's motion video.

[0112] If an obstacle 7 is set or the path is reconstructed, the control device 4 will control the actions of the relevant units according to a preset program or real-time feedback.

[0113] 3. Processing and analyzing data

[0114] The control device 4 filters, removes noise, identifies footprints (distinguishes between left and right feet, front and back feet), and calculates footprint parameters (such as step length, step width, stance phase time, swing phase time, step frequency, step speed, footprint area, pressure center trajectory, etc.) on the received footprint signals.

[0115] Combining with video data (if acquired) allows for more refined limb kinematic analysis and behavioral scoring.

[0116] The analysis results can be displayed in real time on the human-computer interaction interface of the control device 4 and saved as a data file for subsequent statistical analysis.

[0117] Example 6

[0118] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides an animal gait analysis method, which is applied to the aforementioned animal gait analysis device 100. Specifically, the method is executed by the control device 4 of the animal gait analysis device 100. The analysis method includes the following steps:

[0119] S1: In response to user input or a preset program, the control device 4 controls the driving mechanism 231 to automatically adjust the distance between at least two oppositely disposed side panels 21 of the test field 2 to adapt to the body shape of the test subject.

[0120] For example, the control device 4 can automatically adjust the spacing between the side panels 21 based on user input or pre-set program code. For example, the user inputs information such as the type (e.g., mouse, rat), strain, weight, or body length of the test subject through the human-computer interface of the control device 4 (e.g., a touch screen or connected computer software). In response to the user input, the control device 4 controls the drive mechanism 231 to automatically adjust the spacing between at least two opposing side panels 21 of the test field 2 to accommodate the test subject's body shape.

[0121] S2 : The control device 4 receives the signal collected from the footprint signal module 3 .

[0122] For example, when a test subject moves along a walking path formed by one or more footprint signal modules 3, the control device 4 continuously receives raw footprint contact signals transmitted by these modules via the first electrical interface 123 (and possibly the second electrical interface 342). The microprocessor unit within the control device 4 runs a pre-set gait analysis algorithm. This algorithm first filters and pre-processes the raw signals to eliminate noise. It then identifies valid individual footprint spots through methods such as threshold segmentation and connected domain analysis, and extracts basic data such as the spatiotemporal coordinates, contact area, and pressure distribution (if supported by the sensor) for each footprint. The algorithm then tracks a continuous sequence of footprints, distinguishing between the left and right feet and the forefoot and hindfoot. Based on these identified footprints, it calculates a series of key animal gait parameters, such as, but not limited to, stride length (the distance between two consecutive landings of the same foot), stride width (the lateral distance between the left and right feet), stance phase duration, swing phase duration, cadence (number of steps per unit time), gait velocity (distance traveled per unit time), limb coordination parameters (such as landing sequence and rhythmic index), and plantar pressure center trajectory. Finally, the control device 4 integrates these calculated gait parameters to form a structured gait analysis result, which can be displayed in real time on the human-computer interaction interface or stored as a data file for subsequent statistical evaluation and scientific research.

[0123] S3: The control device 4 controls the distance between the side panels, the state of the obstacle and the state of the dynamic partition based on the signal to obtain the animal gait analysis result.

[0124] For example, although the initial channel width has been set according to the animal's body size, in certain experiments (such as studying the gait of animals in confined spaces or under pressure), it is necessary to make small, dynamic width adjustments based on the animal's current walking posture or the degree of proximity to the side panels. To this end, the control device 4 continuously receives and analyzes the data transmitted by the footprint signal module 3, and calculates in real time the centerline trajectory of the test subject's body and the instantaneous distance between its limbs (particularly the lateral foot) and the two side panels 21. This can be achieved by analyzing the position and width of the footprints and combining optional lateral proximity sensors (such as infrared ranging sensors installed on the inner walls of the side panels). If the control device 4 detects that the animal frequently rubs against a side panel while walking, or its gait pattern shows unnatural twisting caused by the channel being too narrow, the control device 4 can activate the drive mechanism to slightly expand the side panel or both side panels outward (for example, by a few millimeters) to provide a slightly looser space for the animal and observe whether its gait returns to a natural state. Conversely, if the experimental objective is to study animal behavior in a gradually narrowing passage, the control device 4 can slowly and symmetrically reduce the distance between the two side panels based on the animal's advance until a preset minimum width is reached or the animal exhibits clear avoidance / stopping behavior. All of these real-time behavior-based side panel width adjustments, along with their corresponding timing and animal behavior parameters, are recorded.

[0125] For example, when studying an animal's response to sudden obstacles, learning obstacle avoidance strategies, or comparing gaits in the presence and absence of obstacles, a control device 4 is used to monitor the animal's position along its walking path. When the animal's footprint sequence indicates that it is about to reach the area where a preset obstacle 7 is located, or when the animal exhibits specific behavior in a certain area (such as staying at a certain point for more than a threshold time, which may indicate hesitation or exploration), the obstacle 7 is immediately instructed to change its state, forming an obstacle. The animal's reaction time, obstacle avoidance behavior (such as detouring, retreating, jumping), and subsequent gait changes are also recorded. If an animal lingers for a long time or repeatedly wanders in an area without obvious physical obstacles, the control device 4 can interpret this as the animal possibly exploring the environment or expressing anxiety. At this point, an "incentive" obstacle (for example, a symbolic low barrier is briefly raised behind the animal to encourage it to move forward) or a "probing" obstacle (an object that can be easily circumvented appears in front of the animal to observe its reaction) can be triggered. In the obstacle avoidance learning task, if the animal successfully avoids a certain type of obstacle 7 multiple times in a row, the control device 4 can change the timing, speed, or shape of the obstacle 7 (if the obstacle itself is changeable) in the next attempt to increase the difficulty of the task. Conversely, if the animal fails multiple times, the difficulty can be reduced.

[0126] For example, when conducting experiments requiring path selection, such as T-mazes, Y-mazes, conditioned place preference (CPP), or conditioned place avoidance (CPA), it is necessary to dynamically change the path's openness and closedness during the experiment. To this end, the control device 4 uses the footprint signal module 3 to accurately track the animal's position and direction of travel along the walking path (especially near the fork). At the end of the central arm of the Y-shaped or T-shaped maze, when the control device 4 detects that the animal's footprints indicate that its head and body are clearly facing a branch path, it can immediately instruct the dynamic partition 8 (such as an electric door) to close the entrance door of the other branch path to prevent the animal from turning back or entering the wrong path. After the animal has completely entered the selected branch path, the entrance door leading to the branch path from the central path is closed, forming a one-way passage. In a longer walking path, multiple bypasses or shortcuts controlled by dynamic partitions 8 can be set up. When the animal triggers a certain condition on the main path (for example, finding and contacting a target object, or staying in a specific area for a sufficient time), the control device 4 can open a dynamic partition 8 of a previously closed shortcut path, allowing the animal to pass. In this way, this solution realizes the real-time, programmed and interactive reconstruction of walking paths, greatly expanding the application potential of the device in the research of advanced cognitive functions such as learning and memory, decision-making behavior, and spatial cognition.

[0127] The animal gait analysis device 100 and analysis method of the present application, through the solutions described in the above embodiments, have the following significant technical effects:

[0128] 1. High modularity and flexibility: The universal interface design of the footprint signal module and other functional components, as well as the connectability of the footprint signal module, enable the device to be quickly built, components to be replaced, functions to be expanded, and walking paths of different lengths and shapes to be constructed according to experimental requirements, greatly improving the flexibility of experimental design.

[0129] 2. Wide range of animal adaptability: The automatic adjustment function of the walking channel size allows the same set of equipment to be easily used for animals of different sizes (such as mice, rats, guinea pigs and even larger animals such as rabbits), reducing the cost and space of preparing multiple sets of equipment for different animals.

[0130] 3. Rich experimental paradigm support: The design of internal detachable / obstacle 7 and the dynamic reconfiguration capability of the walking channel allow researchers to easily introduce environmental challenges and set complex behavioral tasks (such as obstacle avoidance, learning and memory, path selection, etc.), expanding the application field of gait analysis.

[0131] 4. Improve experimental efficiency and data quality: Rapid assembly and automatic adjustment reduce experimental preparation time. Standardized modules and interfaces help ensure consistent and comparable data collection. Precise footprint signal acquisition and a rich set of configurable environmental factors help obtain more comprehensive and in-depth animal behavior data.

[0132] 5. Easy maintenance and upgrade: The modular design makes troubleshooting and component replacement simple and quick. When new sensing technologies or analysis algorithms emerge, it is also easier to upgrade the system by replacing or adding corresponding modules.

[0133] In summary, the animal gait analysis device provided in this application effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the existing technology through its innovative modular and reconfigurable design, and provides a powerful, flexible, easy-to-use and widely adaptable experimental platform for research in animal behavior and related fields.

[0134] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present application is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present application. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present application. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. The above content is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An animal gait analysis device, characterized in that: include: A test table, wherein a first module interface for installing a footprint signal module is provided on the test table; A plurality of mutually connectable footprint signal modules, wherein the plurality of footprint signal modules are mechanically connected end to end and electrically connected to form a walking path of a predetermined shape; a test field, the test field being disposed above the walking path and comprising: at least two oppositely disposed side panels, at least one obstacle, and / or at least one dynamic partition, wherein the spacing between the side panels is automatically adjusted by a drive mechanism to accommodate test subjects of different sizes, the obstacle being selectively connectable to a surface of the footprint signal module, and the dynamic partition being selectively connectable to a surface of the footprint signal module; A control device is electrically connected to the footprint signal module, the driving mechanism, the obstacle and the dynamic partition respectively to receive signals collected from the footprint signal module, and controls the spacing between the side panels, the state of the obstacle and the state of the dynamic partition based on the signals to obtain animal gait analysis results.

2. The animal gait analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first module interface includes a first positioning structure and a first locking structure. The first positioning structure is used for accurately positioning the footprint signal module on the test table. The first locking structure is used for firmly locking the footprint signal module to the test table.

3. The animal gait analysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Any two adjacent footprint signal modules are mechanically spliced and electrically connected via the second module interface to form a walking path of a predetermined length or shape.

4. The animal gait analysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that The second module interface includes a second positioning structure and a second locking structure provided on the splicing end face of the footprint signal module, and a second electrical interface for signal and power transmission between modules. The second positioning structure is used for precise positioning between two adjacent footprint signal modules, and the second locking structure is used to fix two adjacent footprint signal modules together.

5. The animal gait analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a motor, a guide rail arranged on the test table, and a slider connected to the side plate and slidable on the guide rail. The slider is moved by a screw mechanism driven by the motor.

6. The animal gait analysis device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism further includes a position sensor connected to the slider or the motor, and the position sensor is used to provide a feedback signal of the position of the side plate to the control device to achieve closed-loop control.

7. The animal gait analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one detachable obstacle is provided inside the test field, and the obstacle is fixed to the surface of the footprint signal module or the inner wall of the side panel by snap connection, magnetic attraction or screw connection.

8. The animal gait analysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The obstacle is at least one of a column, a ramp, or a module with a replaceable textured surface.

9. The animal gait analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test open field includes a plurality of independently controllable dynamic partitions, which are driven by the control device and can form variable channel branches or closed areas within the walking path to achieve dynamic reconstruction of the walking path.

10. An animal gait analysis method, the method being applied to the animal gait analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises: In response to user input or a preset program, the control device controls the driving mechanism to automatically adjust the distance between at least two oppositely disposed side panels of the test field to accommodate the body size of the test subject; receiving, by the control device, a signal collected from a footprint signal module; The control device controls the distance between the side panels, the state of the obstacle and the state of the dynamic partition based on the signal to obtain an animal gait analysis result.

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