Knee joint biomechanical detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomechanical detection, in particular to a knee joint biomechanical detection device which comprises a detection bottom plate and a balance armrest frame arranged on the detection bottom plate, handles are arranged on the left side and the right side of the top of the balance armrest frame respectively, and first pressure sensors are arranged on the handles; thigh fixing sleeves I are arranged on the left side and the right side of the balance armrest frame correspondingly, and knee joint movement range detection mechanisms are arranged below the thigh fixing sleeves I. The knee joint biomechanical detection device solves the problems that in the prior art, a knee joint biomechanical detection device is difficult to match with the actual demand of a patient, actual data of the patient cannot be provided for a doctor, convenience is poor, existing high-precision and advanced detection equipment is high in price, and the detection cost is low. The problems that in the prior art, a patient is prone to being interfered by the outside world, detection results have errors, meanwhile, applicability is low, the function is single, and different patients cannot be comprehensively detected are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomechanics detection, and in particular to a knee joint biomechanics detection device and detection method. Background Art

[0002] In the medical field, traditional knee joint diagnosis methods often rely on the doctor's subjective experience and imaging examinations (such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs). However, understanding this mechanical information is the key to accurately diagnosing diseases, optimizing treatment plans, and designing scientific rehabilitation training programs.

[0003] The rehabilitation field also faces challenges. The lack of real-time, accurate mechanical monitoring of the knee joint makes it difficult for rehabilitation therapists to tailor individual rehabilitation pathways to individual patients, resulting in varying outcomes. To address these challenges, the development of knee biomechanical testing devices is urgently needed to fill the gap in dynamic knee mechanical testing and meet the needs of multiple fields, including healthcare, rehabilitation, and sports.

[0004] A Chinese patent with publication number CN105559806B discloses a knee joint biomechanical testing device, comprising a knee joint positioning mechanism and a patellar traction mechanism, wherein the knee joint positioning mechanism can fix and lock the lower end of the femur and the upper end of the tibia of the knee joint, and the patellar traction mechanism includes a power unit that can laterally pull the patella of the knee joint, a power detection unit that measures the lateral traction force of the power unit, and a displacement detection unit that measures the lateral displacement of the patella. When the present invention is used, the lower end of the femur and the upper end of the tibia of the knee joint are fixed and locked by the knee joint positioning mechanism, and the power unit is started to laterally pull the patella of the knee joint. During traction, the traction force and displacement of the patella are respectively obtained by the power detection unit and the displacement detection unit. The present invention is specially designed for the displacement measurement of the patellar biomechanics, and the above-mentioned measurement results can be used to evaluate the static stabilization ability of the soft tissue around the patella, including the joint capsule and the retinaculum.

[0005] However, knee joint biomechanics detection devices such as the above-mentioned ones mainly have the following problems: Most existing devices are bionic joint detection devices, which are difficult to match with the actual needs of patients and cannot provide doctors with actual patient data. Some equipment uses motion capture systems, electromagnetic motion capture systems, optical motion capture systems, etc. for detection, but they have many requirements for scenes, and the wearing debugging and data processing are complicated. Professional technicians are required to operate and analyze data, and there are high requirements for the use environment, which limits its wide application in clinical practice and makes it difficult for doctors and patients to use it conveniently and practically.

[0006] At the same time, high-precision, advanced knee joint mechanical testing equipment is often expensive, such as optical motion capture systems, high-end joint torque sensors, etc., which makes it difficult for some small hospitals and primary medical institutions to afford the purchase costs, limiting the popularization and application of the equipment. Some equipment will be affected by various factors when measuring the mechanical parameters of the knee joint, resulting in certain errors in the measurement results.

[0007] Furthermore, the structure and mechanical properties of the knee joint vary significantly between patients, but some devices struggle to fully adapt to these individual differences and are unable to accurately measure each patient's true mechanical state. For example, while soft tissue mechanics quantitative testing instruments can assess muscle and tendon mechanics from multiple dimensions, their consideration of the constitutive characteristics of individual tissues and organs is incomplete, and may not accurately measure the mechanical parameters of certain individuals.

[0008] Most devices can only measure one or several types of mechanical parameters of the knee joint. For example, the range of motion meter mainly measures the joint's motion angle, but has limited detection capabilities for other important mechanical parameters such as joint torque, pressure, and stiffness, and cannot fully reflect the mechanical state of the knee joint. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a knee joint biomechanical detection device, which overcomes the problems in the existing technology that the knee joint biomechanical detection device is difficult to match with the actual needs of patients, cannot provide doctors with actual patient data, is less convenient, and the existing high-precision and advanced detection equipment is relatively expensive and easily affected by external interference, resulting in errors in the detection results. At the same time, its applicability is low, its function is single, and it cannot perform comprehensive detection on different patients.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: A knee joint biomechanics testing device was designed. The device mainly consists of a balancing armrest, a knee joint range of motion detection mechanism, and a load detection mechanism. The balancing armrest provides the patient with a range of motion for testing and provides support for the patient during the test to ensure safety during use. The knee joint range of motion detection mechanism can detect the knee joint flexion and extension angle and range, as well as the amplitude of the knee joint internal rotation and external rotation. The load detection mechanism mainly detects the vertical force exerted on the knee joint. It can detect the load on the knee joint when the patient stands still with both legs, stands still with one leg, and simulates walking. The specific plan is as follows: A knee joint biomechanics detection device includes a detection base plate and a balancing armrest frame arranged on the detection base plate, wherein the balancing armrest frame is provided with handles on the left and right sides of the top, and the handles are provided with a first pressure sensor; The left and right sides of the balancing armrest are respectively provided with a thigh fixing sleeve 1 for fixing the patient's thigh, and a knee joint range of motion detection mechanism is provided below the thigh fixing sleeve 1; The lower side of the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism is connected to a calf fixing sleeve for fixing the patient's calf, and the top of the detection base plate is provided with a foot pad for placing the patient's feet.

[0011] Preferably, a rear side of the thigh fixing sleeve is detachably connected to the left and right sides of the balancing armrest frame through an L-shaped fixing frame, and a fastening belt is provided on a front side of the thigh fixing sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism includes an arc-shaped angle plate, a rotating rod, a traction rod, an adjustment fixing ring, a sliding sleeve and a sliding fixing sleeve, and the arc-shaped angle plate is connected to the adjustment fixing ring; The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the arc angle plate, the sliding fixing sleeve is connected to the middle of the rotating rod, and the sliding fixing sleeve matches the curvature of the arc angle plate; The sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the lower end of the rotating rod, the traction rod is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve, and the inner end of the traction rod is connected to the calf fixing sleeve through a ball joint structure.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the adjusting fixing rings is two, and the two adjusting fixing rings are arranged oppositely on both sides of the balancing armrest frame. A floating rod is connected between the two adjusting fixing rings, and two springs are sleeved on the floating rod. An extension plate is provided on the outer side of the middle portion of the arc-shaped angle plate. The extension plate is slidably connected to the floating rod and is located between the two springs.

[0014] Preferably, a rotating column is provided inside the middle of the arc-shaped angle plate, the upper end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the rotating column, and a guide groove is provided in the rotating rod along its length direction; The sliding sleeve is slidably connected in the guide slot, the sliding fixing sleeve is fixed in the middle of the guide slot, the arc-shaped angle plate is provided with a guide rail along the arc direction, and the sliding fixing sleeve is slidably connected to the guide rail; The sliding fixing sleeve is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and fluorescent paper is provided on the outer side of the arc-shaped angle disk along the arc direction thereof, and the ultraviolet lamp corresponds to the fluorescent paper.

[0015] Preferably, a limit block is provided at the outer end of the traction rod, and a scale mark is provided on the traction rod.

[0016] Preferably, a load detection mechanism is further provided on the top of the detection base plate, and the load detection mechanism includes a chassis, a telescopic component and a second thigh fixing sleeve. There are two chassis, and foot frames are provided on the two chassis. The foot frames are provided with straps. At least two mounting posts are equidistantly provided at the top edge of the chassis. There are at least two telescopic components, each of which is vertically mounted on the mounting post, and the second thigh fixing sleeve is mounted on the upper end of the telescopic component; The second outer annular array of the thigh fixing sleeve has at least two right-angle mounting rods, and the telescopic assembly is connected to the lower end of the right-angle mounting rod through a connecting rotating member.

[0017] Preferably, the telescopic assembly includes a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic rod, a second pressure sensor and a telescopic spring, the upper end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the connecting rotating member, and the telescopic spring is located on the upper side of the telescopic cylinder; The telescopic rod is slidably connected to the lower side of the telescopic tube, the upper end of the telescopic rod abuts against the telescopic spring, the lower end of the telescopic rod is connected to the mounting column through a ball joint structure, and the second pressure sensor is arranged at the connection between the mounting column and the telescopic rod.

[0018] A detection method of a knee joint biomechanics detection device comprises the following steps: S1. Adjust the position of the thigh fixation sleeve and the adjustment ring according to the patient's leg length, and fix the patient's thigh and calf in the thigh fixation sleeve and calf fixation sleeve respectively, so that the patient holds the handles with both hands and steps on the foot pad with both feet; S2. Align the patient's legs with the vertical bars on the left and right sides of the balance armrest, and adjust the center of the arc angle plate to correspond to the rotation center of the patient's knee joint; S3, controlling the extension and curling of the patient's lower leg, driving the rotating rod to rotate along the arc direction of the arc angle disk through the traction rod, and driving the traction rod to slide along the sliding sleeve; S4. Using the traces left by the ultraviolet light on the fluorescent paper and the scale marks on the traction rod, the patient's calf flexion and extension angles and the amplitude of internal and external rotation are read to obtain the test results of the patient's knee joint range of motion; S5. Then, fix the second thigh fixation sleeve on the patient's thigh, keep the patient's body balanced, straighten the patient's legs, and then separate and contact the test base. Then, place the straps on the patient's feet and place both hands on the handles of the balance armrest to test the load changes of the patient in the static standing state, the single-leg static standing state, and the walking simulation state. S6. Collect data of the patient in a standing state, a single-leg standing state, and a walking simulation state respectively through the first pressure sensor and the detection results of the second pressure sensor.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The knee joint range of motion detection mechanism in the present invention is used to measure the flexion and extension range and the internal and external rotation range of the knee joint, which can avoid the influence of the hip joint and thigh structure on the detection data and ensure the accuracy of the detection; the sliding sleeve of the traction rod can adapt to the height requirements of different patients and offset the influence of slight shaking during movement without affecting the angle measurement results; the ultraviolet lamp installed on the sliding fixed sleeve directly shines on the fluorescent paper, and the longer the irradiation time, the greater the change at the corresponding part of the fluorescent paper. When the rotating rod rotates, the ultraviolet lamp will illuminate the fluorescent paper on the track, so that the movement angle can be intuitively observed and recorded, and a certain time after the irradiation disappears, the fluorescent paper returns to its original state and can be reused and recorded after use; the rotation center and circumference of the angle disk are protruded, which saves material and weight while ensuring the rotation stability of the rotating rod.

[0020] 2. The adjustable fixing ring in the present invention adjusts the fixed position according to the different heights of patients. The arc angle disk is on the floating rods of the two adjustable fixing rings, and there are springs on the upper and lower sides. When there is a slight deviation between the initial adjustment height and the patient's knee joint rotation center, the arc angle disk can be driven to adjust a certain height difference by itself, so that the rotation center is aligned with the knee rotation center, correcting the adjustment error and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0021] 3. In the present invention, the traction rod and the calf fixing sleeve are connected by a ball joint structure, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. At the same time, when the calf is internally and externally rotated to a certain angle, the rotating rod will not be stuck. In addition, when the internal and external rotation amplitude is tested, the traction rod can be extended and retracted, and the internal and external rotation amplitude and changes of the calf can be recorded according to the changes in the scale mark on it, so that the patient's test results can be accurately understood.

[0022] 4. The device measures multiple mechanical parameters of the knee joint, including range of motion, internal and external rotation, and load pressure. It can also monitor the mechanical state of the knee joint during single-leg standing, double-leg standing, and walking. It is simple to operate and easy for clinicians and technicians to use, demonstrating its compatibility and widespread availability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of Example 1 of a knee joint biomechanics testing device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention showing a calf in a curled state; Figure 5This is a schematic structural diagram of a knee joint range of motion detection mechanism in a knee joint biomechanics detection device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustment and fixing ring in a knee joint biomechanics testing device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an arc angle plate in a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating rod in a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a traction rod in a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2 of a knee joint biomechanics testing device of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a chassis in a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of a thigh fixing sleeve 2 in a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic cylinder in a knee joint biomechanics testing device of the present invention; Figure 14 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a telescopic cylinder in a knee joint biomechanics testing device of the present invention; Figure 15 This is an overall model rendering of a knee joint biomechanics testing device according to the present invention; Figure 16 This is a rendering of a load detection model in a knee joint biomechanics detection device of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a rendering of a knee joint range of motion detection model in a knee joint biomechanics detection device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure: 1- detection base plate; 11- foot pad; 12- strap; 13- chassis; 131- foot frame; 132- mounting column; 2- balance armrest; 21- handle; 22- first pressure sensor; 3- thigh fixing sleeve 1; 31- fastening belt; 32- L-shaped fixing frame; 4- knee joint range of motion detection mechanism; 41- arc angle plate; 411- guide rail; 412- extension plate; 413- rotating column; 414- fluorescent paper; 42- rotating rod; 4 21-guide groove; 43-traction rod; 431-scale mark; 432-limit block; 44-adjusting fixing ring; 441-floating rod; 442-spring; 45-sliding sleeve; 46-sliding fixing sleeve; 461-ultraviolet lamp; 5-calf fixing sleeve; 6-thigh fixing sleeve II; 61-right-angle mounting rod; 62-connecting rotating part; 7-telescopic assembly; 71-telescopic cylinder; 72-telescopic rod; 73-second pressure sensor; 74-telescopic spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessarily required to practice the present invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0027] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combinations and / or subcombinations. Furthermore, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1 like Figure 1-9 , Figure 14 and 17 As shown, the present invention provides a knee joint biomechanics detection device, including a detection base plate 1 and a balancing armrest 2 arranged on the detection base plate 1, handles 21 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the top of the balancing armrest 2, and a first pressure sensor 22 is provided on the handle 21. The patient can hold the handles 21 with both hands to provide effective support for the patient, ensure the safety during use, and detect the load on the patient's handles 21 through the first pressure sensor 22; thigh fixing sleeves 3 for fixing the patient's thighs are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the balancing armrest 2, and a knee joint range of motion detection mechanism 4 is provided below the thigh fixing sleeve 3. During the process of detecting the patient's knee joint range of motion, the thigh fixing sleeve 3 is used to fix the patient's thigh, and the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism 4 can be used to effectively detect the flexion and extension angle and internal and external rotation range of the patient's knee joint; the lower side of the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism 4 is connected to a calf fixing sleeve 5 for fixing the patient's calf, and a foot pad 11 for placing the patient's feet is provided on the top of the detection base plate 1.

[0030] In the above solution, the rear side of the thigh fixing sleeve 3 is detachably connected to the left and right sides of the balancing armrest frame 2 through the L-shaped fixing frame 32, and the front side of the thigh fixing sleeve 3 is provided with a fastening belt 31.

[0031] As an optimized technical solution of the present invention, the thigh fixing sleeve 3 is detachably connected to the left and right sides of the balancing armrest frame 2 through the L-shaped fixing frame 32, and the patient's thigh can be fixed during the knee joint range of motion detection through the cooperation of the fastening belt 31.

[0032] In the above scheme, the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism 4 includes an arc angle disk 41, a rotating rod 42, a traction rod 43, an adjustment fixing ring 44, a sliding sleeve 45 and a sliding fixing sleeve 46. The arc angle disk 41 is connected to the adjustment fixing ring 44; the rotating rod 42 is rotatably connected to the middle of the arc angle disk 41, and the sliding fixing sleeve 46 is connected to the middle of the rotating rod 42. The sliding fixing sleeve 46 matches the curvature of the arc angle disk 41; the sliding sleeve 45 is slidably connected to the lower end of the rotating rod 42, and the traction rod 43 is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve 45. The inner end of the traction rod 43 is connected to the calf fixing sleeve 5 through a ball joint structure.

[0033] As an optimization technical solution of the present invention, the position of the fixing ring 44 is adjusted according to the length of the patient's leg to ensure the reasonable position of the arc angle disk 41. During the detection of the patient's knee joint range of motion, the patient's calf can be curled backward, and the traction rod 43 can be used to drive the rotating rod 42 to rotate along the arc angle disk 41. Then, the angle of the patient's calf curling can be known through the angular position of the rotating rod 42 staying on the arc angle disk 41. At the same time, during the process of the patient's calf curling, the connection relationship between the traction rod 43 and the calf fixing sleeve 5 can adaptively conform to the internal and external rotation state of the patient's calf during the curling process.

[0034] In the above scheme, there are two adjusting fixing rings 44, and the two adjusting fixing rings 44 are relatively arranged on both sides of the balancing armrest frame 2. A floating rod 441 is connected between the two adjusting fixing rings 44, and two springs 442 are sleeved on the floating rod 441; an extension plate 412 is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the arc-shaped angle disk 41, and the extension plate 412 is slidably connected to the floating rod 441, and the extension plate 412 is located between the two springs 442.

[0035] As an optimization technical solution of the present invention, the arc angle disk 41 is arranged between two adjustment fixing rings 44 through an extension plate 412, and is provided with a spring 442, which can make the extension plate 412 move up and down on the floating rod 441 during the calf curling process, thereby ensuring that the arc angle disk 41 has a certain amount of movement space during the patient's calf curling process, and when there is a slight deviation between the initial adjustment height and the patient's knee joint rotation center, the arc angle disk 41 can be driven to adjust a certain height difference by itself, so that the rotation center is consistent with the knee rotation center, correcting the adjustment error and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0036] In the above scheme, a rotating column 413 is provided on the inner side of the middle part of the arc angle disk 41, the upper end of the rotating rod 42 is rotatably connected to the rotating column 413, and a guide groove 421 is provided in the rotating rod 42 along its length direction; the sliding sleeve 45 is slidably connected in the guide groove 421, and the sliding fixing sleeve 46 is fixed in the middle of the guide groove 421. The arc angle disk 41 is provided with a guide rail 411 along its arc direction, and the sliding fixing sleeve 46 is slidably connected to the guide rail 411; the sliding fixing sleeve 46 is provided with an ultraviolet lamp 461, and a fluorescent paper 414 is provided on the outer side of the arc angle disk 41 along its arc direction, and the ultraviolet lamp 461 corresponds to the fluorescent paper 414.

[0037] As an optimized technical solution of the present invention, the guide groove 421 on the rotating rod 42 can allow the sliding sleeve 45 to slide smoothly therein, so as to ensure that the traction rod 43 can rotate backward along the arc angle disk 41 as the patient's calf flexes and extends, and can move in the sliding sleeve 45. At the same time, by sliding the sliding fixing sleeve 46 on the arc angle disk 41, the ultraviolet lamp 461 can be moved with it, and then a mark will be left on the fluorescent paper 414 on the arc end surface outside the arc angle disk 41, so that the movement angle can be intuitively observed and recorded, and a certain time after the irradiation disappears, the fluorescent paper 414 returns to its original state, and can be reused and recorded after use, so as to intuitively understand the whole body angle and internal and external rotation amplitude of the patient's knee joint.

[0038] In the above solution, a limit block 432 is provided at the outer end of the traction rod 43 , and a scale mark 431 is provided on the traction rod 43 .

[0039] As an optimized technical solution of the present invention, the limit block 432 can prevent the traction rod 43 from sliding out of the sleeve 45 and causing the two to separate, and the scale mark 431 set thereon can intuitively understand the amplitude range of the patient's internal and external rotation.

[0040] Example 2 as follows Figure 10-14 and Figure 16 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that a load detection mechanism is further provided on the top of the detection base plate 1, the load detection mechanism includes a chassis 13, a telescopic component 7 and a thigh fixing sleeve 2 6, the number of the chassis 13 is two, the two chassis 13 are provided with foot frames 131, the foot frames 131 are provided with a belt 12, and at least two mounting posts 132 are equidistantly provided at the top edge of the chassis 13; the number of the telescopic components 7 is at least two, the telescopic components 7 are vertically mounted on the mounting posts 132, and the thigh fixing sleeve 2 6 is mounted on the upper end of the telescopic components 7; there are at least two right-angle mounting rods 61 in a circular array outside the thigh fixing sleeve 2 6, and the telescopic component 7 is connected to the lower end of the right-angle mounting rod 61 through a connecting rotating member 62.

[0041] As an optimized technical solution of the present invention, the patient's thigh can be fixed in the thigh fixing sleeve 2 6 in the load detection mechanism, so that the vertical load borne by the patient's knee joint in various states can be detected by the telescopic component 7 in cooperation with the second pressure sensor 73 when the patient is in a static state, a single-leg static state and a walking simulation state. Among them, the strap 12 can restrain both feet in the foot frame 131, so that when the patient's feet are separated from the detection base plate 1, the chassis 13 can be lifted, so that the patient's feet and the chassis 13 are suspended in the air, and the load is directly transmitted to the chassis 13 through the thigh fixing sleeve 2 6 and the telescopic component 7. When the chassis 13 bears the load, it is in direct contact with the detection base plate 1. The handle 21 ensures safety during detection, thereby facilitating the load detection in the static state, the single-leg static state and the walking simulation state.

[0042] In the above scheme, the telescopic assembly 7 includes a telescopic cylinder 71, a telescopic rod 72, a second pressure sensor 73 and a telescopic spring 74. The upper end of the telescopic cylinder 71 is connected to the connecting rotating member 62, and the telescopic spring 74 is located on the upper side of the telescopic cylinder 71; the telescopic rod 72 is slidably connected to the lower side of the telescopic cylinder 71, the upper end of the telescopic rod 72 abuts on the telescopic spring 74, and the lower end of the telescopic rod 72 is connected to the mounting column 132 through a ball joint structure. The second pressure sensor 73 is arranged at the connection between the mounting column 132 and the telescopic rod 72.

[0043] As an optimized technical solution of the present invention, the connecting rotating part 62 is easy to connect and disassemble to improve the flexibility during detection. The ball joint structure connection between the telescopic rod 72 and the mounting column 132 can ensure the flexibility of the device during walking simulation. There is a telescopic spring 74 in the telescopic cylinder 71 and an exhaust hole is provided to enable the load to be transmitted stably, thereby facilitating the acquisition of load data through the second pressure sensor 73.

[0044] A detection method of a knee joint biomechanics detection device comprises the following steps: S1. Adjust the position of the thigh fixing sleeve 3 and the adjusting ring 44 according to the patient's leg length, and fix the patient's thigh and calf in the thigh fixing sleeve 3 and the calf fixing sleeve 5 respectively, so that the patient holds the handles 21 with both hands and steps on the foot pad 11 with both feet; S2. Adjust the patient's legs to correspond to the vertical bars on the left and right sides of the balance armrest 2, and adjust the center of the arc angle plate 41 to correspond to the rotation center of the patient's knee joint; S3, controlling the extension and curling of the patient's lower leg, driving the rotating rod 42 to rotate along the arc direction of the arc angle plate 41 through the traction rod 43, and driving the traction rod 43 to slide along the sliding sleeve 45; S4. Using the traces left by the ultraviolet lamp 461 on the fluorescent paper 414 and the scale marks on the traction rod 43, the patient's calf flexion and extension angles and the amplitudes of internal and external rotation are read to obtain the test results of the patient's knee joint range of motion; S5. Then, fix the thigh fixing sleeve 2 6 on the patient's thigh, keep the patient's body balanced, straighten the patient's legs, and then separate and contact the test base 1. Then, place the strap 12 on the patient's feet and place both hands on the handles 21 of the balancing armrest 2 to detect the load changes of the patient in the static standing state, the single-leg static standing state, and the walking simulation state. S6. Collect data of the patient in the standing state, the single-leg standing state, and the walking simulation state respectively through the first pressure sensor 22 and the detection results of the second pressure sensor 73.

[0045] Specific implementation cases: When using this knee joint biomechanics testing device, the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism 4 can be used to test the patient's knee joint flexion and extension range, as well as the internal and external rotation range. The patient's thigh is secured with a thigh fixation sleeve 3 to prevent the hip joint and thigh structure from affecting the test data, ensuring accurate testing. The calf is secured to a calf fixation sleeve 5, the outer side of which is connected to a traction rod 43 via a ball joint structure. As the knee joint drives the calf to flex and extend, the flexion and extension angles, as well as the internal and external rotation ranges, can be observed on the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism 4 via the arc angle plate 41 and traction rod 43.

[0046] Align the balancing armrest 2 with the midline of the patient's legs, and adjust the center of the arc-shaped angle disk 41 on the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism 4 to be at the same height as the corresponding patient's knee joint rotation center. Connect the traction rod 43 to the calf fixing sleeve at the detection end. Step on the other leg on the foot pad 11, hold the handle 21 firmly with both hands, and then stretch and curl the calf. The traction rod 43 will slide along the guide groove 421 in the rotating rod 42 in the sliding sleeve 45 as the calf is pulled, and at the same time drive the rotating rod 42 to rotate. The traction rod 43 slides in the sliding sleeve 45 to adapt to the height requirements of different patients, offset the influence of slight shaking during movement, and not affect the angle detection results.

[0047] The sliding fixing sleeve 46 is fixed at a certain radius from the center of the arc-shaped angle disk 41, so that the ultraviolet lamp 461 installed on the sliding fixing sleeve 46 directly shines on the fluorescent paper 414, so that the fluorescent paper 414 is irradiated by the ultraviolet lamp 461 and leaves a mark. When the rotating rod 42 rotates, the ultraviolet lamp 461 will irradiate the fluorescent paper 414 on the track, leaving a movement track on the fluorescent paper 414, so that the movement angle can be intuitively observed and recorded, and after a certain time after the irradiation disappears, the fluorescent paper 414 returns to its original state and can be reused and recorded after use.

[0048] The adjustable fixing ring 44 can be adjusted to suit the patient's height. The arc angle disc 41 is attached to the floating rods 441 of the two adjusting fixing rings 44 via an extension plate 412. Springs 442 are located above and below the two adjusting fixing rings 44. When there is a slight deviation between the initial adjustment height and the patient's knee joint rotation center, the arc angle disc 41 is automatically adjusted to a certain height difference, aligning the rotation center with the knee rotation center, correcting the adjustment error and improving measurement accuracy.

[0049] The traction rod 43 is connected to the calf fixing sleeve 5 by a ball joint structure, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. At the same time, when the calf is internally and externally rotated to a certain angle, the rotating rod 42 will not be stuck. When the internal and external rotation amplitude is detected, the traction rod 43 can be extended and retracted, and the internal and external rotation amplitude and changes of the calf can be recorded according to the changes of the scale mark 431 on it.

[0050] During load detection, the vertical load borne by the knee joint can be detected by the load detection mechanism. The load changes in the static standing state, the single-leg static standing state, and the walking simulation state can be detected. At this time, both feet are suspended from the chassis 13, and the load is directly transmitted to the chassis 13 through the thigh fixing sleeve 26 and the telescopic assembly 7. Both hands are held on the handle 21 to maintain balance and ensure safety. The hand pressure is detected by the first pressure sensor 22, and then the data collection of the static standing state, the single-leg static standing state, and the walking simulation state is respectively detected by the second pressure sensor 73 connected to the telescopic assembly 7. The first pressure sensor 22 and the second pressure sensor 73 are connected to the data collection and processing system, and then the test results are accurately and efficiently obtained.

[0051] The connecting rotating part 62 facilitates the disassembly of the connection between the thigh fixing sleeve 2 6 and the telescopic component 7, and also facilitates the improvement of flexibility during testing. The ball-jointed structure of the telescopic component 7 and the mounting column 132 ensures the flexibility of the device during walking simulation. The telescopic cylinder 71 contains a spring 74 and is provided with an exhaust hole to ensure stable load transmission. For patients with knee joint diseases, accurate mechanical testing can provide a scientific basis for the formulation of treatment plans. Whether it is drug therapy, physical therapy or surgical treatment, doctors can make personalized adjustments based on the actual mechanical state of the patient's knee joint. During the rehabilitation process, the equipment can monitor the changes in mechanical parameters in real time, adjust the rehabilitation training plan in time, and help patients return to normal life faster.

[0052] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knee joint biomechanics testing device, comprising a testing base plate (1) and a balancing armrest (2) arranged on the testing base plate (1), characterized in that: The left and right sides of the top of the balancing handrail frame (2) are respectively provided with handles (21), and the handles (21) are provided with first pressure sensors (22); The left and right sides of the balancing armrest (2) are respectively provided with a thigh fixing sleeve (3) for fixing the patient's thigh, and a knee joint range of motion detection mechanism (4) is provided below the thigh fixing sleeve (3); The lower side of the knee joint range of motion detection mechanism (4) is connected to a calf fixing sleeve (5) for fixing the patient's calf, and the top of the detection base plate (1) is provided with a foot pad (11) for placing the patient's feet.

2. A knee joint biomechanics testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear side of the thigh fixing sleeve (3) is detachably connected to the left and right sides of the balancing armrest (2) via an L-shaped fixing frame (32), and a fastening belt (31) is provided on the front side of the thigh fixing sleeve (3).

3. The knee joint biomechanics testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knee joint range of motion detection mechanism (4) comprises an arc-shaped angle disc (41), a rotating rod (42), a traction rod (43), an adjustment fixing ring (44), a sliding sleeve (45) and a sliding fixing sleeve (46), wherein the arc-shaped angle disc (41) is connected to the adjustment fixing ring (44); The rotating rod (42) is rotatably connected to the middle of the arc-shaped angle disk (41), the sliding fixing sleeve (46) is connected to the middle of the rotating rod (42), and the sliding fixing sleeve (46) matches the arc of the arc-shaped angle disk (41); The sliding sleeve (45) is slidably connected to the lower end of the rotating rod (42), the traction rod (43) is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve (45), and the inner end of the traction rod (43) is connected to the calf fixing sleeve (5) through a ball joint structure.

4. A knee joint biomechanics testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two adjusting fixing rings (44), and the two adjusting fixing rings (44) are arranged oppositely on both sides of the balancing handrail frame (2). A floating rod (441) is connected between the two adjusting fixing rings (44), and two springs (442) are sleeved on the floating rod (441); An extension plate (412) is provided on the outer side of the middle portion of the arc-shaped angle disc (41), the extension plate (412) is slidably connected to the floating rod (441), and the extension plate (412) is located between the two springs (442).

5. The knee joint biomechanics testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating column (413) is provided on the inner side of the middle portion of the arc-shaped angle plate (41), the upper end of the rotating rod (42) is rotatably connected to the rotating column (413), and a guide groove (421) is provided in the rotating rod (42) along its length direction; The sliding sleeve (45) is slidably connected in the guide groove (421), the sliding fixing sleeve (46) is fixed in the middle of the guide groove (421), the arc angle plate (41) is provided with a guide rail (411) along the arc direction thereof, and the sliding fixing sleeve (46) is slidably connected to the guide rail (411); The sliding fixing sleeve (46) is provided with an ultraviolet lamp (461), and fluorescent paper (414) is provided on the outside of the arc-shaped angle disk (41) along the arc direction thereof, and the ultraviolet lamp (461) corresponds to the fluorescent paper (414).

6. The knee joint biomechanics testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limit block (432) is provided at the outer end of the traction rod (43), and a scale mark (431) is provided on the traction rod (43).

7. The knee joint biomechanics testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A load detection mechanism is also provided on the top of the detection base plate (1), and the load detection mechanism includes a chassis (13), a telescopic component (7) and a second thigh fixing sleeve (6). The number of the chassis (13) is two, and the two chassis (13) are provided with foot frames (131), and the foot frames (131) are provided with a strap (12). At least two mounting posts (132) are equidistantly provided at the top edge of the chassis (13); The number of the telescopic components (7) is at least two, the telescopic components (7) are vertically mounted on the mounting column (132), and the second thigh fixing sleeve (6) is mounted on the upper end of the telescopic component (7); The outer annular array of the thigh fixing sleeve 2 (6) has at least two right-angle mounting rods (61), and the telescopic assembly (7) is connected to the lower end of the right-angle mounting rod (61) via a connecting rotating member (62).

8. The knee joint biomechanics testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (7) comprises a telescopic cylinder (71), a telescopic rod (72), a second pressure sensor (73) and a telescopic spring (74); the upper end of the telescopic cylinder (71) is connected to the connecting rotating member (62); and the telescopic spring (74) is located on the upper side of the interior of the telescopic cylinder (71); The telescopic rod (72) is slidably connected to the lower side of the telescopic cylinder (71), the upper end of the telescopic rod (72) abuts against the telescopic spring (74), the lower end of the telescopic rod (72) is connected to the mounting column (132) through a ball joint structure, and the second pressure sensor (73) is arranged at the connection between the mounting column (132) and the telescopic rod (72).

9. A detection method for a knee joint biomechanics detection device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Adjust the position of the thigh fixing sleeve (3) and the adjusting fixing ring (44) according to the length of the patient's leg, and fix the patient's thigh and calf in the thigh fixing sleeve (3) and the calf fixing sleeve (5) respectively, so that the patient holds the handles (21) with both hands and steps on the foot pad (11) with both feet; S2, adjust the patient's legs to correspond to the vertical bars on the left and right sides of the balance armrest (2), and adjust the center of the arc angle plate 41 to correspond to the rotation center of the patient's knee joint; S3, controlling the extension and curling of the patient's lower leg, driving the rotating rod (42) to rotate along the arc direction of the arc angle disk (41) through the traction rod (43), and driving the traction rod (43) to slide along the sliding sleeve (45); S4, reading the traces left by the ultraviolet lamp (461) on the fluorescent paper (414) and the scale marks on the traction rod (43), and reading the flexion and extension angles of the patient's lower leg and the amplitude of internal and external rotation, thereby obtaining the test results of the patient's knee joint range of motion; S5. Then fix the second thigh fixing sleeve (6) on the patient's thigh, keep the patient's body balanced, straighten the patient's legs, and then separate and contact the test base (1). Put the strap (12) on the patient's feet, and put both hands on the handles (21) of the balance armrest (2) to detect the load changes of the patient in the static standing state, the single-leg static standing state and the walking simulation state; S6. Using the first pressure sensor (22) in combination with the detection results of the second pressure sensor (73), data of the patient in the standing state, the single-leg standing state, and the walking simulation state are collected.

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