A bronchoscopy simulation teaching device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical teaching technology, specifically disclosing a bronchoscopy simulation teaching device, including a bronchial model and a bronchoscope body, and further including: a tracheal simulation component, which is disposed on the outside of the bronchial model and is used to randomly control and simulate different tracheal diameters of the bronchial model; through the tracheal simulation component, this invention can randomly simulate different tracheal diameters of the bronchial model to correspond to the different thicknesses of different human tracheas, simulating bronchoscopic diagnosis and treatment under tracheas of different diameters; through the respiratory simulation component, after the tracheal diameter is initially adjusted by the tracheal simulation component, the expansion and contraction changes of the tracheal diameter during human respiration can be randomly simulated; through the pressure component, the different tolerance levels of the bronchoscope to the tracheal wall operating pressure can be randomly adjusted; through the adjustment component, when the trigger limit of the pressure component is reached, the change in tracheal diameter of the bronchial model can be adjusted again.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical teaching technology, specifically to a bronchoscopy simulation teaching device. Background Technology

[0002] Bronchoscopy is a commonly used clinical technique with significant clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. Bronchoscopes are suitable for observing lesions in the lung lobes and bronchi, performing biopsies, and conducting bacteriological and cytological examinations. When used with a TV system, they can be used for photography, teaching, and dynamic recording. With appropriate accessories, bronchoscopes can be used for testing, surgery, sampling, and drug administration. Before performing actual bronchoscopy, novice doctors need to practice and receive training using a bronchoscopy simulator.

[0003] During bronchoscopy, individual respiratory volumes vary, leading to differences in bronchial diameter and lesion displacement, which in turn affect the bronchoscopy procedure. Furthermore, individual tolerance to tracheal wall pressure during bronchoscopy differs significantly. If the operating pressure exceeds the trachea's tolerance, it may induce bronchospasm, further impacting the bronchoscopy. While bronchoscopy simulation training can simulate the changes in bronchial diameter and lesion displacement caused by varying respiratory volumes, as well as the different tolerances to tracheal wall pressure and bronchospasm responses, the simulation cannot effectively teach bronchoscopy. Therefore, we propose a bronchoscopy simulation teaching device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bronchoscopy simulation teaching device to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that when conducting simulated teaching training through a bronchoscopy simulation device, the bronchoscopy simulation device cannot simulate the changes in bronchial diameter and lesion displacement caused by different human respiratory volumes, as well as the different tolerance levels of tracheal wall pressure and bronchospasm responses during simulation, thus affecting the effectiveness of bronchoscopy simulation teaching training.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bronchoscopy simulation teaching device, comprising: a bronchial model and a bronchoscope body;

[0006] It also includes: a trachea simulation component, which is set outside the bronchus model and is used to randomly control and simulate different trachea diameters of the bronchus model;

[0007] The respiratory simulation component is located on one side of the tracheal simulation component. Based on the random adjustment of the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model by the tracheal simulation component, the respiratory simulation component randomly controls and simulates the expansion and contraction changes of the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model under different human respiratory volumes.

[0008] The pressure component is located on one side of the tracheal simulation component. The pressure component is used to detect the operating pressure of the bronchoscope on the tracheal wall of the bronchial model during simulation training, and automatically issue a warning when the pressure trigger limit is reached. The pressure component also randomly adjusts the pressure trigger limit.

[0009] An adjustment component is located on one side of the respiratory simulation component. When the operating pressure detected by the pressure component reaches the trigger limit, the adjustment component automatically adjusts the change in the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model based on the random adjustment of the tracheal diameter by the tracheal simulation component and the respiratory simulation component.

[0010] The tracheal simulation component includes an installation shell located on the outside of the bronchial model. The bronchial model is fixedly installed inside the installation shell. A base is fixedly connected to the lower side of the installation shell. A limiting shell is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base. A bladder is installed inside the limiting shell. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the installation shell on one side of the bladder. The connecting pipe passes through one side of the limiting shell.

[0011] The limiting shell has a sliding pressing component inside, which is located on the side of the bladder away from the connecting tube. One end of the pressing component is fixedly connected to a pressing block that is slidably disposed with the base. The pressing block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of an electric telescopic rod on one side. The electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base. The pressing block is provided with a connecting component that is fixedly connected to the base on one side. Multiple second switches are provided on one side of the connecting component. The electric telescopic rod is provided with a protective shell that is fixedly connected to the base on the outer side. The pressing component moves through one side of the protective shell.

[0012] The base has a first control component on its upper side, which includes a connecting pipe and a ball. The connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, and a first switch is installed at multiple branch pipes on the lower side of the connecting pipe.

[0013] The breathing simulation component includes a movable component that is slidably disposed with a connector. A push rod is slidably disposed on the upper side of the movable component. A first guide groove adapted to the push rod is disposed on the upper side of the movable component. The push rod is slidably disposed along the first guide groove. A connecting shell is fixedly connected to one side of the movable component. A first electromagnetic block is fixedly connected inside the connecting shell. A toothed block that attracts the first electromagnetic block is slidably disposed inside the connecting shell. A first spring that is fixedly connected to the connecting shell is symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the toothed block. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the toothed block. One end of the push rod movably passes through the upper side of the connecting shell. A toothed rod that cooperates with the toothed block is fixedly connected to one side of the connector.

[0014] The moving part is fixedly connected to a second electromagnetic block on its upper side, and a mounting part is slidably arranged on its upper side. A first magnetic block that repels the second electromagnetic block is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting part, and a second spring that is fixedly connected to the moving part is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting part. A third switch is provided on one side of the moving part, and a fourth switch is provided on one side of the mounting part.

[0015] The base has a second control component on its upper side. The second control component has the same structure as the first control component. The connecting pipe of the second control component is fixedly connected to the base. Multiple branch pipes on the lower side of the connecting pipe of the second control component are fixedly connected to a housing, and metal parts are installed inside the housing.

[0016] The pressure assembly includes a fixing member fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, a third electromagnetic block fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixing member, a mounting block slidably disposed on the upper side of the fixing member, a second guide groove adapted to the mounting block on the upper side of the fixing member, the mounting block slidably disposed along the second guide groove, a second magnetic block repelling the third electromagnetic block fixedly connected to one side of the mounting block, a third spring fixedly connected to the fixing member on the other side of the mounting block, multiple fifth switches disposed on one side of the fixing member, and an alarm device disposed on the upper side of the base.

[0017] The bronchoscope has a first airbag fixedly connected to the outer end of the bronchoscope. A connecting tube is fixedly connected to one side of the first airbag, and a second airbag is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting tube. The second airbag is fixedly connected to the bronchoscope. A pressure sensor is installed inside the second airbag. A third control component is installed on the upper side of the base. The third control component has the same structure as the first control component. The connecting tube of the third control component is fixedly connected to the base.

[0018] The adjustment component includes a connecting block that is fixedly connected to the moving part, a first control switch on one side of the connecting block, and a second control switch on one side of the mounting part.

[0019] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention, during bronchoscopy simulation training, inserts the end of a bronchoscope into the simulated trachea of ​​a bronchial model for simulated teaching practice. Through a tracheal simulation component, different tracheal diameters can be randomly simulated to correspond to the varying thicknesses of human trachea, simulating bronchoscopic diagnosis and treatment under different tracheal diameters. Through a respiratory simulation component, after initial adjustment of the tracheal diameter, the expansion and contraction of the tracheal diameter during human respiration can be randomly simulated. By randomly controlling the changes in tracheal expansion and contraction, the changes in tracheal diameter caused by different human respiratory volumes are simulated. These different changes in tracheal diameter also cause different displacement changes of lesions within the trachea, thus simulating the changes in bronchial diameter and lesion displacement caused by different human respiratory volumes. This allows for practice in biopsiing lesions under different lesion displacement changes. Furthermore, this can be combined with the initial random adjustment of the tracheal diameter by the tracheal simulation component, ensuring that each training session... The system incorporates significant randomness, enhancing the effectiveness of simulation training. The pressure component allows for random adjustment of the bronchoscope's tolerance to pressure on the tracheal wall. When the tracheal wall's tolerance is reached, triggering the pressure component's trigger limit, an alert is issued. This simulates the pressure exerted by the bronchoscope on the tracheal wall during diagnosis and treatment, enabling trainees to master the proper technique after inserting the bronchoscope into the trachea and avoid excessive pressure. Simultaneously, the adjustment component can further modify the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model when the pressure trigger limit is reached. This simulates the potential for spasm reactions that may occur when the tracheal wall's tolerance is exceeded, leading to airway narrowing and deeper breathing. This improves trainees' ability to respond to spasm reactions during bronchoscopy. Furthermore, it can be combined with the random tracheal diameter simulation components of the tracheal and respiratory simulation components to further enhance the effectiveness of bronchoscopy simulation training. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the mounting shell of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the protective shell of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the connector of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the pipe fitting of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the connector of the present invention from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving part and push rod of the present invention exploding;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the connecting shell of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting shell of the present invention from another cross-sectional perspective;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the moving parts of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the casing of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the fastener connection structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 11. Bronchial model; 12. Bronchoscope body; 2. Tracheal simulation component; 21. Mounting shell; 22. Base; 23. Limiting shell; 24. Bag body; 25. Connecting tube; 26. Pressing component; 27. Pressing block; 28. Electric telescopic rod; 29. ​​First control component; 291. Connecting tube component; 292. First switch; 293. Sphere; 210. Protective shell; 211. Connecting component; 212. Second switch; 3. Respiratory simulation component; 31. Moving component; 32. Push rod; 33. First guide groove; 34. Connecting shell; 35. First electromagnetic block; 36. Tooth block; 37. First spring; 38. Toothed rod; 39. 310. Second electromagnetic block; 311. Mounting component; 312. First magnetic block; 313. Second spring; 314. Third switch; 315. Fourth switch; 316. Second control component; 317. Housing; 318. Metal part; 4. Pressure assembly; 41. Fixing component; 42. Third electromagnetic block; 43. Mounting block; 44. Second magnetic block; 45. Third spring; 46. Fifth switch; 47. Second guide groove; 48. Alarm device; 49. Third control component; 410. First airbag; 411. Connecting pipe; 412. Second airbag; 5. Adjustment assembly; 51. Connecting block; 52. First control switch; 53. Second control switch. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides a technical solution: a bronchoscopy simulation teaching device, comprising: a bronchial model 11 and a bronchoscope body 12;

[0037] It also includes: trachea simulation component 2, which is set outside the bronchus model 11 and is used to randomly control and simulate different trachea diameters of the bronchus model 11.

[0038] Breathing simulation component 3 is set on one side of tracheal simulation component 2. Based on the random adjustment of tracheal diameter of bronchial model 11 by tracheal simulation component 2, breathing simulation component 3 randomly controls and simulates the expansion and contraction changes of tracheal diameter of bronchial model 11 under different human breathing volumes.

[0039] Pressure component 4 is located on one side of tracheal simulation component 2. Pressure component 4 is used to detect the operating pressure of bronchoscope 12 on the tracheal wall of bronchial model 11 during simulation training, and automatically issue a warning when the pressure trigger limit is reached. Pressure component 4 also randomly adjusts the pressure trigger limit.

[0040] Adjustment component 5 is located on one side of the breathing simulation component 3. When the operating pressure detected by the pressure component 4 reaches the trigger limit, the adjustment component 5 automatically adjusts the change of the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model 11 based on the random adjustment of the tracheal diameter by the tracheal simulation component 2 and the breathing simulation component 3.

[0041] During bronchoscopy simulation training, the end of a bronchoscope is inserted into the simulated trachea of ​​the bronchial model 11 for simulated teaching practice. The tracheal simulation component 2 can randomly simulate different tracheal diameters in the bronchial model 11 to correspond to the different thicknesses of human trachea, simulating bronchoscopic diagnosis and treatment under different tracheal diameters. The respiratory simulation component 3, based on the initial adjustment of the tracheal diameter in the tracheal simulation component 2, can further randomly simulate the expansion and contraction changes of the tracheal diameter during human respiration. By randomly adjusting the tracheal expansion and contraction changes, the changes in tracheal diameter caused by different human respiratory volumes are simulated. These different changes in tracheal diameter also cause different changes in the displacement of lesions within the trachea, thus simulating the changes in bronchial diameter and lesion displacement caused by different human respiratory volumes. This allows for practice in biopsies of lesions under different lesion displacement changes. Furthermore, it can be combined with the initial random adjustment of the tracheal diameter in the tracheal simulation component 2, ensuring consistent training sessions. With greater randomness, the simulation training effect is improved. Through pressure component 4, the tolerance level of the bronchoscope to the tracheal wall operating pressure can be randomly adjusted. When the tracheal wall's tolerance is reached, i.e., the pressure trigger limit of pressure component 4 is reached, an alarm will be issued. This simulates the operation pressure of the bronchoscope to the tracheal wall during diagnosis and treatment, so as to master the operation method after the bronchoscope is inserted into the trachea during bronchial diagnosis and treatment, and avoid excessive operation pressure. At the same time, through adjustment component 5, when the trigger limit of pressure component 4 is reached, the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model 11 can be adjusted again to simulate the spasm reaction that may be caused when the tracheal wall's tolerance is exceeded, resulting in the airway diameter shrinkage and breathing deepening. This can improve the trainees' response to the spasm reaction during bronchoscopy diagnosis and treatment. It can also be combined with the random simulation of tracheal diameter by tracheal simulation component 2 and respiratory simulation component 3 to further improve the effect of bronchoscopy simulation teaching and training.

[0042] The tracheal simulation component 2 includes a mounting shell 21 disposed on the outside of the bronchus model 11. The mounting shell 21 can be made transparent. The bronchus model 11 is fixedly installed inside the mounting shell 21. One end of the bronchus of the bronchus model 11 passes through the mounting shell 21 so that the bronchoscope 12 can be inserted into the trachea from this end. The bronchus model 11 is made of silicone. A base 22 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the mounting shell 21. A limiting shell 23 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 22. A bladder 24 is disposed inside the limiting shell 23. A connecting tube 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the bladder 24 and is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting shell 21. The connecting tube 25 passes through one side of the limiting shell 23.

[0043] A pressing member 26 is slidably provided inside the limiting shell 23. The pressing member 26 is located on the side of the bladder 24 away from the connecting tube 25. One end of the pressing member 26 is fixedly connected to a pressing block 27 that is slidably provided with the base 22. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the pressing block 27. The electric telescopic rod 28 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 22. A connecting member 211 is fixedly connected to the base 22 on one side of the pressing block 27. Multiple second switches 212 are provided on one side of the connecting member 211. The side of the pressing block 27 near the connecting member 211 is set with an arc-shaped end face to facilitate pressing the second switches 212. A protective shell 210 is fixedly connected to the base 22 on the outer side of the electric telescopic rod 28. The pressing member 26 moves through one side of the protective shell 210. The protective shell 210 can protect the components inside it. A controller is provided on the upper side of the base 22.

[0044] The controller controls the extension of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 28, which drives the pressure block 27 and the pressure member 26 to move closer to the bladder body 24, so that the pressure member 26 squeezes the bladder body 24, causing the gas inside the bladder body 24 to enter the inner side of the mounting shell 21 through the connecting pipe 25, thereby increasing the air pressure inside the mounting shell 21 and thus squeezing and reducing the diameter of the bronchus model 11 to a certain extent.

[0045] A first control component 29 is provided on the upper side of the base 22. The first control component 29 includes a connecting pipe 291 and a ball 293. The connecting pipe 291 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 22. A first switch 292 is installed at multiple branch pipes on the lower side of the connecting pipe 291. The multiple first switches 292 are electrically connected to multiple second switches 212 respectively.

[0046] During simulation training, the ball 293 of the first control component 29 is placed from the upper end of the connecting tube 291. Under the action of gravity, the ball 293 will fall and randomly enter one of the branch tubes on the lower side of the connecting tube 291, and press the first switch 292 at the corresponding branch tube, so that one of the second switches 212 corresponding to the first switch 292 is turned on. When the electric telescopic rod 28 drives the pressure block 27 to move closer to the bladder 24, when the pressure block 27 moves to press the corresponding turned-on second switch 212, it will control the electric telescopic rod 28 to stop working. Thus, through the first control component 29, the initial compression degree of the bladder 24 can be randomly adjusted, and the initial tracheal diameter of the bronchial model 11 can be randomly adjusted to simulate the different thicknesses of different human tracheas, and to simulate bronchoscopic diagnosis and treatment under tracheas of different diameters.

[0047] The breathing simulation component 3 includes a movable component 31 that is slidably disposed with the connector 211. A third guide groove adapted to the movable component 31 is provided on the upper side of the connector 211. The movable component 31 is slidably disposed along the third guide groove. A push rod 32 is slidably disposed on the upper side of the movable component 31. A first guide groove 33 adapted to the push rod 32 is provided on the upper side of the movable component 31. The push rod 32 is slidably disposed along the first guide groove 33, which can guide the movement of the push rod 32. A connecting shell 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the movable component 31. A first electromagnetic block 35 is fixedly connected inside the connecting shell 34. A toothed block 36 that attracts the first electromagnetic block 35 is slidably disposed inside the connecting shell 34. A first spring 37 that is fixedly connected to the connecting shell 34 is symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the toothed block 36. One end of the push rod 32 is fixedly connected to the toothed block 36. One end of the push rod 32 moves through the upper side of the connecting shell 34. A toothed rod 38 that cooperates with the toothed block 36 is fixedly connected to one side of the connector 211.

[0048] When the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 28 moves the pressure block 27 closer to the bladder 24, the first electromagnetic block 35 is energized, which attracts the toothed block 36, causing the toothed block 36 to move away from the toothed rod 38 and disengage from it. The first spring 37 is compressed, and the movement of the toothed block 36 can drive the push rod 32 to move synchronously, so that one end of the push rod 32 moves to the side of the pressure block 27 close to the pressing member 26. Thus, when the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 28 moves the pressure block 27, the pressing action of the pressure block 27 on one end of the push rod 32 can drive the push rod 32 and the moving member. 31. When the connecting shell 34 moves synchronously, and the pressure block 27 presses against the corresponding second switch 212 to control the electric telescopic rod 28 to stop working, the first electromagnetic block 35 can be de-energized. Under the elastic force of the first spring 37, the toothed block 36 moves closer to the toothed rod 38 and engages with the toothed rod 38 to maintain the position of the moving part 31 at this time. The movement of the toothed block 36 closer to the toothed rod 38 can drive the push rod 32 to move synchronously, so that the end of the push rod 32 away from the toothed block 36 moves out of the movement range of the pressure block 27, so that when the pressure block 27 moves later, it will not press against the end of the push rod 32 again.

[0049] A second electromagnetic block 39 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the movable part 31. A mounting part 310 is slidably disposed on the upper side of the movable part 31. A fourth guide groove adapted to the mounting part 310 is disposed on the upper side of the movable part 31. The mounting part 310 is slidably disposed along the fourth guide groove. A first magnetic block 311 that repels the second electromagnetic block 39 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting part 310. A second spring 312 fixedly connected to the movable part 31 is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting part 310. A third switch 313 is disposed on one side of the movable part 31. A fourth switch 314 is disposed on one side of the mounting part 310.

[0050] By energizing the second electromagnetic block 39, a repulsive force is generated against the first magnetic block 311, causing the mounting component 310 to move away from the second electromagnetic block 39. The second spring 312 is compressed, and the extension end of the electric telescopic rod 28 is controlled to move the pressure block 27 closer to the bladder 24. When the pressure block 27 moves to press the fourth switch 314, it controls the extension end of the electric telescopic rod 28 to stop extending and moves the pressure block 27 away from the bladder 24. When the pressure block 27 moves to press the third switch 313, it controls the extension end of the electric telescopic rod 28 to stop extending. The compression block 27 moves closer to the bladder 24, thus squeezing the gas inside the bladder 24 into the mounting shell 21, causing the tracheal diameter of the bronchus model 11 to contract. When the compression block 27 moves away from the bladder 24, the gas inside the mounting shell 21 flows back into the bladder 24, causing the tracheal diameter of the bronchus model 11 to expand. This allows for further simulation of the expansion and contraction of the tracheal diameter caused by human respiration, as well as the displacement of tracheal lesions, based on the initial adjustment of the tracheal diameter by the tracheal simulation component 2.

[0051] A second control component 315 is provided on the upper side of the base 22. The second control component 315 has the same structure as the first control component 29. The connecting pipe 291 of the second control component 315 is fixedly connected to the base 22. A housing 316 is fixedly connected to multiple branch pipes on the lower side of the connecting pipe 291 of the second control component 315. A metal component 317 is provided inside the housing 316. The multiple metal components 317 are electrically connected to the second electromagnetic block 39 respectively, and the resistance values ​​of the multiple metal components 317 are different.

[0052] Similarly, through the second control member 315, the ball 293 of the second control member 315 can be lowered and randomly press one of the first switches 292, energizing the second electromagnetic block 39 and connecting a metal piece 317 corresponding to the first switch 292 to the second electromagnetic block 39. Thus, through the second control member 315, one of the metal pieces 317 can be randomly connected to the second electromagnetic block 39. When the resistance of the connected metal piece 317 is high, the repulsive effect of the second electromagnetic block 39 on the first electromagnetic block 311 is smaller, resulting in a smaller distance that the mounting piece 310 moves away from the second electromagnetic block 39. This makes the distance between the third switch 313 and the fourth switch 314 relatively smaller, thereby... The compression of the capsule 24 is relatively small, simulating the change in tracheal diameter when the human body's breathing volume is relatively small. Conversely, when the resistance value of the connected metal part 317 is small, it can simulate the change in tracheal diameter when the human body's breathing volume is relatively large. Thus, through the breathing simulation component 3, based on the initial adjustment of the tracheal diameter by the tracheal simulation component 2, the expansion and contraction of the tracheal diameter under different human breathing volumes can be randomly simulated to simulate the changes in bronchial diameter and lesion displacement caused by different human breathing volumes, and to practice biopsies of lesions under different lesion displacement changes. It can also be combined with the initial random adjustment of the tracheal diameter by the tracheal simulation component 2, so that there is a large degree of randomness in each training session, thereby improving the simulation training effect.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The pressure assembly 4 includes a fixing member 41 fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 22. A third electromagnetic block 42 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixing member 41. An installation block 43 is slidably disposed on the upper side of the fixing member 41. A second guide groove 47 adapted to the installation block 43 is disposed on the upper side of the fixing member 41. The installation block 43 is slidably disposed along the second guide groove 47. A second magnetic block 44 that repels the third electromagnetic block 42 is fixedly connected to one side of the installation block 43. A third spring 45 fixedly connected to the fixing member 41 is fixedly connected to the other side of the installation block 43. A plurality of fifth switches 46 are disposed on one side of the fixing member 41. One side of the installation block 43 is configured with an arc-shaped end face to facilitate the pressing of the fifth switches 46. An alarm 48 is disposed on the upper side of the base 22.

[0055] A first airbag 410 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the bronchoscope body 12. A connecting tube 411 is fixedly connected to one side of the first airbag 410. A second airbag 412 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting tube 411. The second airbag 412 is fixedly connected to the bronchoscope body 12. A pressure sensor is installed inside the second airbag 412. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the third electromagnetic block 42. A third control component 49 is installed on the upper side of the base 22. The third control component 49 has the same structure as the first control component 29. The connecting tube 291 of the third control component 49 is fixedly connected to the base 22. The multiple first switches 292 of the third control component 49 are respectively electrically connected to the multiple fifth switches 46.

[0056] Similarly, through the third control element 49, the ball 293 of the third control element 49 can randomly press against one of the first switches 292, causing one of the fifth switches 46 corresponding to the first switch 292 to be turned on. When the end of the bronchoscope 12 is inserted into the trachea of ​​the bronchial model 11 for simulation training, the bronchoscope 12 will exert a pressure force on the inner wall of the trachea of ​​the bronchial model 11, causing the first airbag 410 to be subjected to pressure. This increases the air pressure inside the first airbag 410 connected to the connecting tube 411 and the second airbag 412, resulting in a larger pressure detected by the pressure sensor. This leads to a larger current in the circuit connected to the pressure sensor, and a larger repulsive force generated by the third electromagnetic block 42 on the second magnetic block 44. When the mounting block 43 moves a large distance away from the third electromagnetic block 42, the third spring 45 is compressed. When the mounting block 43 moves to press against the fifth switch 46, it indicates that the pressure trigger limit has been reached. The alarm 48 will be controlled to issue a warning, indicating that the operating pressure is too high. By randomly pressing one of the first switches 292 through the third control element 49, one of the fifth switches 46 can be randomly controlled to be turned on. This allows the trigger limit of the mounting block 43 to be randomly adjusted, thereby randomly controlling the different tolerance levels of the bronchoscope 12 to the tracheal wall of the bronchial model 11. This allows for simulation training of the bronchoscope 12's operation pressure on the tracheal wall during diagnosis and treatment, mastering the operation method after the bronchoscope is inserted into the trachea during diagnosis and treatment, and avoiding excessive operation pressure.

[0057] The adjustment component 5 includes a connecting block 51 fixedly connected to the moving part 31. A first control switch 52 is provided on one side of the connecting block 51, and a second control switch 53 is provided on one side of the mounting part 310. The first control switch 52 is located on the side of the third switch 313 near the bladder 24, and the second control switch 53 is located on the side of the fourth switch 314 near the bladder 24.

[0058] When the trigger limit of pressure component 4 is reached, i.e., when mounting block 43 presses against a fifth switch 46, the first control switch 52 and the second control switch 53 can be turned on, and the third switch 313 and the fourth switch 314 can be turned off. This allows the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rod 28 to be controlled by the first control switch 52 and the second control switch 53. Thus, when simulating the change in tracheal diameter caused by different human breathing volumes through the breathing simulation component 3, the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model 11 can be further reduced based on the tracheal diameter control by the tracheal simulation component 2 and the breathing simulation component 3. The control of switch 52 and the second control switch 53 can increase the movement displacement of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 28 on the basis of the respiratory simulation component 3, thereby increasing the amount of expansion and contraction of the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model 11. This simulates the spasm response that may occur when the tracheal wall exceeds its tolerance, resulting in a narrowing of the airway diameter and a deepening of breathing. This improves the trainees' ability to cope with spasm responses during bronchoscopy. It can also be combined with the random adjustment of the tracheal diameter by the tracheal simulation component 2 and the respiratory simulation component 3 to further improve the effectiveness of bronchoscopy simulation teaching and training.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0060] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bronchoscopy simulation teaching device, comprising: Bronchial model and bronchoscope; The feature is that it further includes: a trachea simulation component, which is disposed outside the bronchus model, and is used to randomly control and simulate different trachea diameters of the bronchus model; the trachea simulation component includes a connector. A respiratory simulation component is disposed on one side of a tracheal simulation component. Based on the random adjustment of the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model by the tracheal simulation component, the respiratory simulation component randomly controls and simulates the expansion and contraction changes of the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model under different human respiratory volumes. A pressure component is disposed on one side of the tracheal simulation component. The pressure component is used to detect the operating pressure of the bronchoscope on the tracheal wall of the bronchial model during simulation training, and automatically issue a warning when the pressure trigger limit is reached. The pressure component also randomly adjusts the pressure trigger limit. An adjustment component is provided on one side of the respiratory simulation component. When the operating pressure detected by the pressure component reaches the trigger limit, the adjustment component further automatically adjusts the change in the tracheal diameter of the bronchial model based on the random adjustment of the tracheal diameter by the tracheal simulation component and the respiratory simulation component. The breathing simulation component includes a movable component slidably disposed with a connector. A push rod is slidably disposed on the upper side of the movable component. A first guide groove adapted to the push rod is disposed on the upper side of the movable component. The push rod is slidably disposed along the first guide groove. A connecting shell is fixedly connected to one side of the movable component. A first electromagnetic block is fixedly connected inside the connecting shell. A toothed block attracted to the first electromagnetic block is slidably disposed inside the connecting shell. A first spring fixedly connected to the connecting shell is symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the toothed block. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the toothed block. One end of the push rod movably passes through the upper side of the connecting shell. A toothed rod that cooperates with the toothed block is fixedly connected to one side of the connector. A second electromagnetic block is fixedly connected to the upper side of the movable component, and an mounting component is slidably disposed on the upper side of the movable component. A first magnetic block that repels the second electromagnetic block is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting component, and a second spring that is fixedly connected to the movable component is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting component. A third switch is disposed on one side of the movable component, and a fourth switch is disposed on one side of the mounting component.

2. The bronchoscopy simulation teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracheal simulation component also includes an installation shell disposed on the outside of the bronchial model. The bronchial model is fixedly installed inside the installation shell. A base is fixedly connected to the lower side of the installation shell. A limiting shell is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base. A bladder is disposed inside the limiting shell. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the installation shell on one side of the bladder. The connecting pipe passes through one side of the limiting shell.

3. The bronchoscopy simulation teaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressing member is slidably disposed on the inner side of the limiting shell. The pressing member is located on the side of the bladder away from the connecting tube. One end of the pressing member is fixedly connected to a pressure block that is slidably disposed with the base. The side of the pressure block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of an electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base. A connecting member is disposed on one side of the pressure block and is fixedly connected to the base. A plurality of second switches are disposed on one side of the connecting member. A protective shell is disposed on the outer side of the electric telescopic rod and is fixedly connected to the base. The pressing member movably penetrates one side of the protective shell.

4. The bronchoscopy simulation teaching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first control component is provided on the upper side of the base. The first control component includes a connecting pipe and a ball. The connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base. A first switch is installed at multiple branch pipes on the lower side of the connecting pipe.

5. The bronchoscopy simulation teaching device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second control component is provided on the upper side of the base. The second control component has the same structure as the first control component. The connecting pipe of the second control component is fixedly connected to the base. A housing is fixedly connected to multiple branch pipes on the lower side of the connecting pipe of the second control component. A metal part is provided inside the housing.

6. The bronchoscopy simulation teaching device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure assembly includes a fixing member fixedly connected to the upper side of the base. A third electromagnetic block is fixedly connected to the upper side of the fixing member. An installation block is slidably disposed on the upper side of the fixing member. A second guide groove adapted to the installation block is disposed on the upper side of the fixing member. The installation block is slidably disposed along the second guide groove. A second magnetic block that repels the third electromagnetic block is fixedly connected to one side of the installation block. A third spring fixedly connected to the fixing member is fixedly connected to the other side of the installation block. A plurality of fifth switches are disposed on one side of the fixing member. An alarm is disposed on the upper side of the base.

7. The bronchoscopy simulation teaching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first airbag is fixedly connected to the outer end of the bronchoscope. A connecting tube is fixedly connected to one side of the first airbag. A second airbag is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting tube. The second airbag is fixedly connected to the bronchoscope. A pressure sensor is installed inside the second airbag. A third control component is installed on the upper side of the base. The third control component has the same structure as the first control component. The connecting tube of the third control component is fixedly connected to the base.

8. The bronchoscopy simulation teaching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes a connecting block fixedly connected to the moving part, a first control switch is provided on one side of the connecting block, and a second control switch is provided on one side of the mounting part.

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