A regional type of land preparation equipment for saline-alkali soil improvement

Abstract

The application discloses a regional saline-alkali soil improvement land preparation device and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, which comprises a feeding box and a horizontal cylinder frame. A plurality of sleeves are rotatably arranged on the outer side of the horizontal cylinder frame. An arc-shaped earth scraper is arranged on the outer side of the sleeve and is communicated with the horizontal cylinder frame through a through cavity. The through cavity is communicated with a material collecting opening on the horizontal cylinder frame. A spiral conveying rod is rotatably arranged in the horizontal cylinder frame. A discharging channel is arranged at the lower end of the side of the horizontal cylinder frame. The device does not cause great disturbance to the original soil layer, constructs a natural isolation layer in the original saline-alkali soil, and introduces guest soil in the designated area, so that the stable growth of plants is ensured. On this basis, the organic matter and low-mineralization water in the guest soil are driven to migrate to the below of the hardened layer by using the water infiltration and capillary action, the soil microenvironment of the root zone is improved, and the pioneer vegetation community coverage with a significant height advantage is quickly established in the initial stage of the saline-alkali soil improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanized agricultural and horticultural machinery manufacturing technology, and particularly relates to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery technology, specifically a land preparation device for regional saline-alkali land improvement. Background Technology

[0002] The core characteristic of saline-alkali land is the excessive accumulation of soluble salts and alkaline substances in the soil. Excessive salt concentration not only significantly increases the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, severely hindering the absorption of water and nutrients by plant roots and causing "physiological drought," but also directly poisons root cells, interfering with their metabolism and leading to poor root development or even death. Furthermore, the large amount of sodium ions present in saline-alkali soil strongly replaces calcium, magnesium, and other binding ions in the soil colloids. This replacement drastically disrupts the soil's aggregate structure, causing the originally loose and porous soil to disintegrate, compact, and densify, resulting in a sharp decrease in soil permeability and severely hindering root respiration.

[0003] An existing patent application (CN202411197689.1) discloses a method and apparatus for improving saline-alkali land. This patent document outlines a scheme for uniformly mixing fertilizer into saline-alkali soil to achieve soil improvement. Specifically, when uniformly adding fertilizer to saline-alkali land, the surface soil is first tilled using a rotary tillage mechanism. Then, the position of the shovel-shaped frame is adjusted using an angle adjustment component, bringing the shovel-shaped frame into contact with the soil surface. The tilled soil then contacts the shovel-shaped frame, and under the action of a soil conveying component, the soil moves along the shovel-shaped frame and enters a conveying box. Inside the container, soil is transported via a moving conveying component, and various fertilizers are added to the main mixing tank. The mixing component then mixes the fertilizers into a compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer from the main mixing tank is then transported to the fertilizer conveying component, and a uniform feeding mechanism adds the compound fertilizer to the soil as it moves within the conveying box. This allows the compound fertilizer to mix into the soil during its movement. Finally, the soil and compound fertilizer are discharged through the discharge port of the conveying box, and the mixed soil and compound fertilizer are spread together on the saline-alkali land. This allows for the even distribution of a small amount of compound fertilizer on the saline-alkali land, even when only a small amount is needed to improve the land.

[0004] However, using the technical solutions in the aforementioned patent documents, which only mechanically mix fertilizer on the local surface, has many limitations; it cannot effectively reduce the excessively high sodium ion concentration in the local solution; sodium ions are a key factor leading to soil structure deterioration, hindering water infiltration and root penetration; in addition, the fertilizer is not applied deeply or concentratedly to the plant root zone, but is relatively evenly and shallowly dispersed throughout the entire topsoil. This directly nourishes the widely distributed weed seeds on the soil surface, providing sufficient nutrients for their germination and vigorous growth. Weeds will compete fiercely with the target plants for nutrients and water, and their dense shallow roots will intercept and consume a large amount of soil moisture, weakening the target plants' ability to effectively absorb water from deeper soil layers, exacerbating water stress, and further affecting plant growth and development. Therefore, this application provides a land preparation device for regional saline-alkali land improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a regional land preparation device for saline-alkali land improvement. This device does not cause excessive disturbance to the original soil layer. By constructing a natural isolation layer in the original saline-alkali soil and introducing imported soil in a designated area, it ensures stable plant growth. On this basis, it utilizes water infiltration and capillary action to drive the organic matter and low-mineralized water in the imported soil to migrate below the compacted layer, improving the microenvironment of the root zone soil. In the early stage of saline-alkali land improvement, it rapidly establishes a pioneer vegetation community with significant height advantage.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows:

[0007] A regional saline-alkali land improvement device is provided, including a feeding box placed on the cultivated land, containing topsoil suitable for the growth of designated plants. The feeding box is connected to a power device via a frame, with the direction of travel of the power device defined as forward. Multiple protruding structures I are provided on the middle side of the bottom of the feeding box, and a feeding port is provided on the rear side of the protruding structures I. A horizontal cylindrical frame is installed on the lower side of the frame, and multiple sleeves are rotatably installed on the outer side of the horizontal cylindrical frame. The multiple sleeves are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the horizontal cylindrical frame. An arc-shaped soil scraper is connected to the outer side of the sleeves through a guide cavity. The guide cavity can be connected to the material collection port on the horizontal cylindrical frame. A spiral conveyor rod is rotatably installed inside the horizontal cylindrical frame, and a discharge channel is provided at the lower side of the horizontal cylindrical frame.

[0008] Among them, the power equipment can be agricultural tractors of models such as John Deere, Dongfanghong, Zoomlion, wheeled tractors, tracked tractors and walking tractors, and the specific equipment model can be adjusted according to the area of ​​saline-alkali land to be treated at the same time.

[0009] In this application, regarding the specific method of controlling the rotation of the sleeve outside the cross-shaped frame, one optional technical solution is as follows: the rotation of each sleeve outside the cross-shaped frame is independently controlled, a toothed ring is fixedly installed on the side of each sleeve, a drive motor I is installed on the outside of the cross-shaped frame, a drive gear I is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor I, and the drive gear I and the toothed ring are connected by meshing transmission.

[0010] In this application, another optional technical solution for controlling the rotation of the sleeve on the outside of the cross cylinder frame is as follows: a cross column is detachably and fixedly installed between the guide cavities on adjacent sleeves, a gear ring is fixedly installed on the side of the sleeve near the discharge channel, a drive motor II is installed on the outside of the cross cylinder frame, a drive gear II is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor II, and the drive gear II and the gear ring are connected by meshing transmission.

[0011] Furthermore, brackets are detachably installed on both sides of the guide cavity, and a crushing wheel with a built-in torque motor is installed between the two brackets. The side of the crushing wheel extends into the interior of the arc-shaped excavator to move the soil entering the arc-shaped excavator into the guide cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the side of the front end of the arc-shaped excavator is provided with a slag discharge module that can open and close relative to the arc-shaped excavator, and the adjusting arm on the slag discharge module is engaged and slidably connected with the positioning arm on the arc-shaped excavator.

[0013] In this application, one possible technical solution for controlling the movement of the slag discharge module relative to the arc-shaped excavator is as follows: a miniature linear electric cylinder is installed between the adjusting arm and the positioning arm; the miniature linear electric cylinder is activated to control the adjusting arm to slide on the positioning arm, thereby controlling the movement of the slag discharge module relative to the arc-shaped excavator.

[0014] In this application, another optional technical solution for controlling the movement of the slag discharge module relative to the arc-shaped excavator is as follows: a tension spring is fixedly installed between the adjusting arm and the positioning arm; a synchronous arm is slidably installed inside the cross-tube frame; an arc-shaped seat is detachably fixedly installed on the synchronous arm; the push arm on the arc-shaped seat can abut against the end of the adjusting arm and apply a force away from the positioning arm to the adjusting arm; controlling the movement of the synchronous arm drives multiple arc-shaped seats to move synchronously, so that the push arm can act on the adjusting arm that has rotated to the top of the cross-tube frame, thereby controlling the movement of the corresponding slag discharge module relative to the arc-shaped excavator.

[0015] Furthermore, a collection box is detachably and fixedly installed on the bottom front side of the delivery box. The bottom of the collection box is provided with multiple protruding structures II, which correspond in size and position to the protruding structures I and can be fitted into the groove. The inner edge of the protruding structure II is provided with a U-shaped shovel blade for shoveling up foreign objects discharged from the slag discharge module. The inner side of the collection box is provided with a guide slope at the position corresponding to the U-shaped shovel blade for guiding and collecting the shoveled foreign objects.

[0016] Furthermore, a valve plate is slidably installed inside the transverse cylindrical frame. The connecting port on the valve plate can be connected to or offset from the material collection port. The inner side of the valve plate is in contact with the outer side of the screw conveyor rod. The valve plate is periodically controlled to slide along the axial direction of the transverse cylindrical frame, so that the connecting port and the material collection port are continuously offset and connected. When they are offset, the screw conveyor rod is controlled to rotate, so as to quickly empty the original soil inside the transverse cylindrical frame.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The regional saline-alkali land improvement land preparation equipment of the present invention, as the arc-shaped shovel completes a single soil excavation operation, the power equipment travels a certain distance and pauses until the arc-shaped shovel completes the next soil excavation operation. The power equipment then continues to travel a certain distance and pauses again, repeating the above operation. This reduces the disturbance caused by the arc-shaped shovel to the cultivated ground, making the overall structure of the groove smooth and complete. Utilizing the compaction characteristics of saline-alkali land itself, a natural isolation layer is constructed in the original saline-alkali soil. Rainwater or irrigation water is intercepted vertically by the compacted soil layer at the bottom of the groove, which to a certain extent resists the problem of fertilizer water erosion in the new soil. The fertilizer utilization effect is good, and the water can be fully diffused in the imported soil to supply the needs of plant growth.

[0019] 2. The land preparation equipment for regional saline-alkali land improvement exemplified by the present invention, wherein the shoveling operation of the arc-shaped shovel is only applied to a local area of ​​the cultivated land. This area has a regular shape and is consistent with the planting area. It has no adverse effect on the water conduction capacity and will not affect the water infiltration and drainage due to the high salt content in the original soil. At the same time, traditional soil improvement operations can be carried out in the soil between adjacent grooves without affecting each other.

[0020] 3. The regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment of this invention ensures that the specified plants can be stably planted in the imported soil through regional soil replacement. While maintaining a small amount of imported soil, it can quickly establish a pioneer vegetation community with a significant height advantage, providing an initial vegetation foundation. The soil improvement results are quickly apparent, and the prevention effect of salt dust is obvious. Compared with the traditional treatment method of underground pipe drainage, the original soil layer is removed and treated separately, which can significantly reduce the initial construction scale and cost of water conservancy irrigation equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the land preparation equipment for regional saline-alkali land improvement provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the land preparation equipment for regional saline-alkali land improvement provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the frame, ground leveling shovel, and delivery box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the delivery box and collection box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal cylindrical frame and multiple arc-shaped excavators provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal cylindrical frame and multiple arc-shaped excavators provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped excavator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped excavator and slag removal module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 An exploded view of the cross-cylinder frame, screw conveyor, and valve plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal cylindrical frame, the spiral conveyor rod, and the valve plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the synchronization arm provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Tillage surface; 11. Frame; 12. Leveling shovel; 13. Feeding box; 131. Guide platform; 132. Feeding port; 14. Collection box; 141. U-shaped blade; 142. Guide slope; 21. Horizontal frame; 211. End cap; 22. Collection port; 23. Discharge channel; 24. Screw conveyor; 241. Rotary drive; 25. Valve plate; 251. Connecting port; 252. Linear electric cylinder I; 2 6. Round Hole I; 27. Groove; 31. Sleeve; 32. Guide cavity; 33. Arc-shaped excavator; 331. Slag discharge module; 332. Adjusting arm; 333. Positioning arm; 34. Bracket; 35. Crushing wheel; 36. Crossbar; 37. Gear ring; 41. Synchronizing arm; 411. Linear electric cylinder II; 42. Crossbar; 421. Socket; 422. Round Hole II; 43. Arc-shaped seat; 431. Pushing arm; 432. Plug. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0036] The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0037] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. Furthermore, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a land preparation device for regional saline-alkali land improvement, including a dispensing box 13 placed on the cultivated land 1. The dispensing box 13 contains topsoil suitable for the growth of designated plants. A guide platform 131 is detachably and fixedly installed inside the dispensing box 13 to facilitate the emptying of the topsoil. The dispensing box 13 is connected to a power device via a frame 11, with the direction of travel of the power device defined as forward. Multiple protruding structures I are provided on the middle side of the bottom of the dispensing box 13, and a dispensing port 132 is provided on the rear side of the protruding structures I. A horizontal cylindrical frame 21 is installed on the lower side of the frame 11. End caps 211 are detachably and fixedly installed at both ends of the cross-tube frame 21. Multiple sleeves 31 are rotatably installed on the outside of the cross-tube frame 21. The multiple sleeves 31 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the cross-tube frame 21. An arc-shaped shovel 33 is connected to the outside of the sleeves 31 through a guide cavity 32. The guide cavity 32 can be connected to the material collection port 22 on the cross-tube frame 21. A screw conveyor 24 and a rotation driver 241 for driving the screw conveyor 24 to rotate are installed on the cross-tube frame 21. A discharge channel 23 is connected to the lower side of the cross-tube frame 21.

[0043] Among them, the power equipment can be agricultural tractors of models such as John Deere, Dongfanghong, Zoomlion, wheeled tractors, tracked tractors and walking tractors, and the specific equipment model can be adjusted according to the area of ​​saline-alkali land to be treated at the same time.

[0044] The specific details of the regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment using the present application are as follows:

[0045] I. Preparations before use;

[0046] The shape of the groove depends on the cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped shovel 33, and the depth of the groove depends on the distance between the bottom of the arc-shaped shovel 33 and the cultivated ground 1 when the arc-shaped shovel 33 is rotated to its lowest point. By changing the arc-shaped shovel 33 with different shapes and adjusting the digging depth of the arc-shaped shovel 33, the size of the groove is made to correspond to the root growth range of the specified plant.

[0047] 2. Regional excavation and treatment of the soil on cultivated land 1;

[0048] As the power equipment moves intermittently, multiple sleeves 31 are controlled to rotate continuously, driving multiple arc-shaped excavators 33 to periodically act on the ground, continuously scooping up the original soil layer of the saline-alkali land. After the soil is scooped up, multiple parallel grooves are formed on the ground. Since the extension direction of the arc-shaped excavator 33 at the root of the guide cavity 32 is consistent with the rotation direction of the arc-shaped excavator 33, the soil entering the arc-shaped excavator 33 will not flow backward and can smoothly pass through the arc-shaped excavator 33 and the guide cavity 32 and enter the horizontal cylinder frame 21.

[0049] The rotating drive 241 is started, which drives the screw conveyor 24 to rotate. The soil entering the horizontal frame 21 from the multiple guide chambers 32 is mixed. The friction between them generates intermolecular forces, which achieves the crushing process. When the soil is discharged from the discharge channel 23, it can present a relatively fine particle state. It is collected by sacks and wheelbarrows for subsequent separate soil improvement treatment.

[0050] 3. Imported soil is introduced into the groove created by excavation;

[0051] The raised structure I at the bottom of the dispensing box 13 can fit into the groove. With the intermittent movement of the power equipment, vibration is generated in the dispensing box 13, and the soil is discharged from the dispensing port 132 into the groove. Because the raised structure I is located on the middle side of the bottom of the dispensing box 13, as... Figure 2 As shown, the raised structure I has a certain distance from the rear end of the delivery box 13. Under the constraint of the lower side of the bottom of the delivery box 13, the maximum filling height of the topsoil is consistent with the horizontal plane of the cultivated land 1. At this time, only the organic matter and low mineralization water in the new soil are gradually infiltrated into the old soil to achieve soil improvement.

[0052] IV. Implement separate soil improvement treatment for the excavated soil;

[0053] Using sacks and wheelbarrows, the fine soil discharged from the discharge channel 23 is collected. This part of the soil that was originally left on the cultivated ground 1 is subjected to leaching treatment to dissolve the salt in the soil. As the salt solution is discharged, the salt content in the soil is reduced. Traditional treatment agents and amendments, such as fly ash, biochar and red mud, are mixed into the treated soil to increase the organic matter in the soil. After the soil amendment is completed, it can be added into the delivery box 13 instead of imported soil.

[0054] In step two above, the shoveling operation of the arc-shaped shovel 33 only acts on a local area of ​​the cultivated ground 1. This area has a regular shape and is consistent with the planting area. It has no adverse effect on the water conduction capacity and will not affect the water infiltration and drainage due to the high salt content in the original soil. At the same time, traditional soil improvement operations can be carried out in the soil between adjacent grooves without affecting each other.

[0055] In step two above, as the curved excavator 33 completes a single soil excavation operation, the power equipment travels a certain distance and pauses until the curved excavator 33 completes the next soil excavation operation. The power equipment then continues to travel a certain distance and pauses, repeating the above operation to reduce the disturbance caused by the curved excavator 33 to the cultivated ground 1. This makes the overall structure of the groove smooth and complete. Utilizing the compaction characteristics of the saline-alkali land itself, a natural isolation layer is constructed in the original saline-alkali soil. Rainwater or irrigation water is intercepted vertically by the compacted soil layer at the bottom of the groove, which to a certain extent resists the problem of fertilizer water erosion in the new soil. The fertilizer utilization effect is good, and the water can be fully diffused in the imported soil to supply the needs of plant growth.

[0056] Using the above-mentioned scheme of this application, the designated plants can be stably planted in the imported soil through regional soil replacement. While maintaining a small amount of imported soil, a pioneer vegetation community with significant height advantage can be quickly established to provide an initial vegetation foundation. The soil treatment results are quickly apparent, and the prevention effect of salt dust is obvious. Compared with the traditional treatment method of underground pipe drainage, the original soil layer is removed and treated separately, which can significantly reduce the scale and cost of the initial construction of water conservancy irrigation equipment.

[0057] In this embodiment, the specific method for controlling the rotation of the sleeve 31 outside the horizontal frame 21 is as follows: the rotation of each sleeve 31 outside the horizontal frame 21 is independently controlled. A toothed ring 37 is fixedly installed on the side of each sleeve 31. A drive motor I is installed on the outside of the horizontal frame 21. The number of drive motors I is consistent with the number of sleeves 31. A drive gear I is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor I. The drive gear I and the toothed ring 37 are connected by meshing transmission.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] The features that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the front end of the horizontal cylindrical frame 21 is provided with a ground leveling shovel 12, which is connected to the frame 11 via a connecting rod. The ground leveling shovel 12 is composed of two shovel components spliced ​​together. The bottom of the shovel component has a planar structure, and the front end of the shovel component is provided with an asymmetrical arc-shaped shovel surface.

[0060] Because of the difference in the curvature of the two ends of the arc surface, when the equipment moves forward with the power equipment, the shovel component scoops up the soil protruding from the cultivated ground 1. The scooped soil is pushed by the shovel component and guided by the asymmetrical arc shovel surface at the front end of the shovel component, a horizontal pushing force perpendicular to the direction of the equipment's movement is generated, pushing the soil laterally to fill the depressions in the ground, thereby improving the leveling effect of the cultivated ground 1.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] The features that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a cross column 36 is detachably and fixedly installed between the guide cavities 32 on adjacent sleeves 31. A toothed ring 37 is fixedly installed on the side of the sleeve 31 near the discharge channel 23. A drive motor II is installed on the outside of the cross cylinder frame 21. A drive gear II is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor II. The drive gear II and the toothed ring 37 are connected by meshing transmission. When the drive motor II is started, the drive gear II is driven to rotate. By utilizing the meshing transmission between the drive gear II and the toothed ring 37, as well as the connecting effect of multiple cross columns 36, multiple arc-shaped excavators 33 are driven to rotate synchronously around the axis of the sleeve 31.

[0063] Compared to the scheme in Embodiment 1, which individually controls the rotation of multiple sleeves 31, the above-described scheme in this embodiment can reduce the number of drive devices used, effectively reduce the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the equipment, simplify the system structure, improve space utilization and operational reliability, and optimize the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0064] Example 4:

[0065] The features that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, brackets 34 are detachably installed on both sides of the guide cavity 32, and a crushing wheel 35 with a built-in torque motor is installed between the two brackets 34. The side of the crushing wheel 35 extends into the interior of the arc-shaped excavator 33 to guide the soil entering the arc-shaped excavator 33 to the guide cavity 32. A sealing strip is detachably installed on the arc-shaped excavator 33. The sealing strip acts on the side of the crushing wheel 35 near the guide cavity 32 to prevent the soil entering the arc-shaped excavator 33 from leaking from the gap between the arc-shaped excavator 33 and the crushing wheel 35.

[0066] During the implementation of regional soil excavation and treatment on cultivated land 1, such as Figure 8 As shown, multiple arc-shaped shovels 33 rotate counterclockwise around the axis of the sleeve 31 to scoop up soil with high salinity and alkalinity. At the same time, the crushing wheel 35 corresponding to each arc-shaped shovel 33 rotates clockwise around its own axis to crush the soil clods entering the arc-shaped shovel 33, achieving primary crushing treatment. Under the rotation of the crushing wheel 35, this part of the soil is pushed into the guide cavity 32. As the corresponding guide cavity 32 is connected to the collection port 22 and the connecting port 251, the soil that has been initially crushed slides into the horizontal cylinder frame 21 under the action of gravity.

[0067] The torque motor used in this application can be a frameless direct-drive torque motor from the German TQ RoboDrive ILM series, equipped with an RD50 / 70 / 85-AKSIM encoder. This ensures that when the crushing wheel 35 encounters stones or other foreign objects, it immediately enters a stall standby state. The stones and other foreign objects are trapped between the crushing wheel 35 and the inner wall of the curved excavator 33, effectively ensuring the continuity and safety of the land preparation operation. Because the traveling speed of the power equipment is relatively slow, the amount of soil scooped up by the curved excavator 33 at one time is small, effectively preventing stones from blocking the soil inlet channel of the curved excavator 33.

[0068] Example 5:

[0069] The features that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: Figure 9 As shown in this embodiment, the side of the front end of the arc-shaped shovel 33 is provided with a slag discharge module 331 that can open and close relative to the arc-shaped shovel 33. The adjusting arm 332 on the slag discharge module 331 is engaged and slidably connected with the positioning arm 333 on the arc-shaped shovel 33.

[0070] In this embodiment, the specific method for controlling the movement of the slag discharge module 331 relative to the arc-shaped excavator 33 is as follows:

[0071] A miniature linear electric cylinder is installed between the adjusting arm 332 and the positioning arm 333. When the arc-shaped shovel 33 rotates to the upper part of the horizontal frame 21, the torque motor is started to reverse, and the stones and other foreign objects stuck between the crushing wheel 35 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped shovel 33 are re-extracted from the arc-shaped shovel 33. Then, the miniature linear electric cylinder is started to extend, and the adjusting arm 332 is controlled to slide away from the positioning arm 333, so that the slag discharge module 331 opens relative to the arc-shaped shovel 33, providing space for the full discharge of stones and other foreign objects, and avoiding damage to agricultural machinery and equipment used in this area.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, a collection box 14 is detachably and fixedly installed on the bottom front side of the delivery box 13. The bottom of the collection box 14 is provided with multiple protruding structures II. The size and position of the protruding structures II correspond to those of the protruding structures I, and they can all fit into the groove. The inner edge of the protruding structure II is provided with a U-shaped shovel blade 141, which is used to scoop up stones and other foreign objects discharged from the arc-shaped shovel 33. The inner side of the collection box 14 is provided with a guide slope 142 at the position corresponding to the U-shaped shovel blade 141, which is used to guide and collect the scooped foreign objects.

[0073] By combining the above-described schemes of Embodiments 4 and 5, during the excavation and collection of the original soil layer, the equipment utilizes the encoder on the torque motor to achieve an automatic stall function, thereby intelligently identifying residual stones and other foreign objects in the corresponding area of ​​the groove, and shoveling, clamping, re-discharging and guiding the collection. By utilizing the operation of multiple sets of arc-shaped shovels 33, intelligent screening of irregular stones and other foreign objects along multiple paths is achieved, the soil layer on the ground is sorted out, and the smooth rotation of the spiral conveyor rod 24 is ensured, avoiding the large amount of stones mixed in that would affect soil transfer and subsequent individual improvement treatment operations.

[0074] Example 6:

[0075] The features that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: Figure 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, a valve plate 25 and a linear electric cylinder I 252 for driving the valve plate 25 to slide are installed on the cross-shaped frame 21. The connecting port 251 on the valve plate 25 can be connected to or offset from the collection port 22. The inner side of the valve plate 25 is in contact with the outer side of the screw conveyor 24. The linear electric cylinder I 252 is periodically activated to control the valve plate 25 to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the cross-shaped frame 21, so that the connecting port 251 and the collection port 22 are continuously offset and connected. When they are offset, the screw conveyor 24 is controlled to rotate to quickly empty the original soil in the cross-shaped frame 21.

[0076] Example 7:

[0077] The features that are the same as those in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, a tension spring is fixedly installed between the adjusting arm 332 and the positioning arm 333. A synchronizing arm 41 is slidably installed inside the cross-tube frame 21. A linear electric cylinder II 411 for driving the synchronizing arm 41 to slide is installed on the cross-tube frame 21. An arc-shaped seat 43 is detachably fixedly installed on the synchronizing arm 41. The pushing arm 431 on the arc-shaped seat 43 can abut against the end of the adjusting arm 332 and apply a force away from the positioning arm 333 to the adjusting arm 332.

[0078] like Figure 12 As shown, the synchronizing arm 41 is provided with two crossbars 42. The crossbar frame 21 is provided with a circular hole I 26 for the crossbars 42 to slide. The push arm 431 is provided with two plugs 432. The plugs 432 pass through the slots 27 on the crossbar frame 21 and are inserted into the sockets 421 on the crossbars 42. The crossbars 42 are provided with a circular hole II 422 and the plugs 432 are provided with a circular hole III. The long pin can be inserted through both the circular hole II 422 and the circular hole III at the same time or pulled out from between the two to realize the quick assembly and disassembly of the arc-shaped seat 43 on the synchronizing arm 41.

[0079] The inner side of the arc-shaped seat 43 fits against the outer side of the horizontal cylindrical frame 21 and can block the slot 27 to prevent dust particles in the air from entering the round hole I 26 through the slot 27.

[0080] Start the linear electric cylinder II 411 to control the synchronous arm 41 to move, which drives multiple arc-shaped seats 43 to move synchronously, so that the push arm 431 can act on the adjusting arm 332 above the horizontal frame 21 after rotation, and control the opening and closing of the corresponding slag discharge module 331 relative to the arc-shaped shovel 33 to provide space for the full discharge of stones and other foreign objects.

[0081] Compared to the scheme in Embodiment 5, which uses a miniature linear electric cylinder to control the opening and closing of the slag discharge module 331 and the arc-shaped shovel 33, the above-mentioned scheme in this embodiment can reduce the number of drive devices used, effectively reduce the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the equipment, simplify the system structure, improve space utilization and operational reliability, and optimize the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0082] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

[0083] Apart from the technical features described in the specification, the other technical features are known to those skilled in the art. To highlight the innovative features of this invention, the other technical features will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A regional type of land preparation equipment for saline soil improvement, comprising a delivery box (13) disposed on a ploughed surface (1), characterized in that, The delivery box (13) is connected with the power equipment through the rack (11), and the advancing direction of the power equipment is defined as front; The lower side of the rack (11) is provided with a horizontal cylinder frame (21), a plurality of sleeves (31) are rotatably arranged on the outer side of the horizontal cylinder frame (21), arc-shaped shovels (33) are arranged on the outer side of the sleeves (31) through communication cavities (32), the extension direction of the arc-shaped shovels (33) at the end of the communication cavities (32) is consistent with the rotating direction of the sleeves (31) during working, the communication cavities (32) can be communicated with the material collecting openings (22) on the horizontal cylinder frame (21), a spiral conveying rod (24) is rotatably arranged in the horizontal cylinder frame (21), and a discharging channel (23) is arranged on the lower end of the side of the horizontal cylinder frame (21). With the advancing of the power equipment, the arc-shaped shovels (33) corresponding to the plurality of sleeves (31) periodically act on the ground to form a plurality of parallel grooves on the ground, the bottom of the delivery box (13) is integrally formed with a protruding structure I capable of being embedded in the grooves, the rear side of the protruding structure I is provided with a delivery opening (132), and the delivery opening (132) is used for guiding the guest soil suitable for the growth of designated plants stored in the delivery box (13) to the grooves. The communication cavities (32) are detachably provided with brackets (34) on both sides, a crushing wheel (35) with a built-in torque motor is arranged between the two brackets (34), and the side of the crushing wheel (35) extends to the inside of the arc-shaped shovel (33). The side of the front end of the arc-shaped shovel (33) is provided with a residue discharging module (331) capable of opening and closing relative to the arc-shaped shovel (33), an adjusting arm (332) on the residue discharging module (331) is slidably connected with a positioning arm (333) on the arc-shaped shovel (33). A tension spring is fixedly arranged between the adjusting arm (332) and the positioning arm (333), a synchronous arm (41) is slidably arranged in the horizontal cylinder frame (21), an arc-shaped seat (43) is detachably fixedly arranged on the synchronous arm (41), a pushing arm (431) on the arc-shaped seat (43) can abut against the end of the adjusting arm (332), and the adjusting arm (332) is applied with a force away from the positioning arm (333).

2. The regional salinization improvement device according to claim 1, wherein A micro linear electric cylinder is arranged between the adjusting arm (332) and the positioning arm (333).

3. The regional salinization improvement device according to claim 1, wherein The bottom of the delivery box (13) is provided with a collection box (14), the bottom of the collection box (14) is integrally formed with a protruding structure II capable of being embedded in the grooves, a U-shaped blade (141) is arranged on the inner side edge of the protruding structure II, and a guide slope (142) is arranged on the inner side of the collection box (14) corresponding to the U-shaped blade (141).

4. The regional salinization improvement device according to claim 1, wherein A valve plate (25) is slidably arranged in the horizontal cylinder frame (21), a communication opening (251) on the valve plate (25) can be communicated with or staggered with the material collecting openings (22), and the inner side surface of the valve plate (25) is attached to the outer side surface of the spiral conveying rod (24).

5. The regional salinization improvement device according to claim 1, wherein The front end of the horizontal cylinder frame (21) is provided with a ground leveling shovel (12), and the ground leveling shovel (12) is connected with the rack (11) through a connecting rod.

6. The regional salinization improvement device according to claim 1, wherein The arc-shaped earth scraper (33) is detachably provided with a sealing strip, which acts on one side of the crushing wheel (35) close to the guide cavity (32), so as to avoid leakage of the local earth entering the arc-shaped earth scraper (33) from the gap between the arc-shaped earth scraper (33) and the crushing wheel (35).

7. The regional salinization improvement device according to claim 5, wherein The ground leveling shovel (12) is composed of two ground scraping assemblies, the bottom of the ground scraping assembly is in a plane structure, and the front end of the ground scraping assembly is provided with an asymmetric arc-shaped scraping surface.

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