Air suspension system and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of air suspension systems and vehicle, including first axle mechanism, first axle mechanism includes first axle assembly and first damping mechanism, first axle assembly includes two guide arms;First damping assembly includes first oil gas spring and low pressure accumulator, the first liquid inlet of low pressure accumulator is communicated with the liquid outlet of first oil gas spring, second damping assembly includes second oil gas spring and high pressure accumulator, the first liquid inlet of high pressure accumulator is communicated with the liquid outlet of second oil gas spring, the liquid outlet of high pressure accumulator is communicated with the second liquid inlet of low pressure accumulator.The present application is according to the change of automobile load in turn to work, so that the stiffness variation of first oil gas spring and second oil gas spring is more in line with the requirements of suspension performance, so as to ensure that the inherent vibration frequency of suspension is substantially equal when automobile is empty and full, so as to improve the smoothness of automobile driving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle component technology, specifically to an air suspension system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global environmental awareness and increasingly stringent carbon emission regulations, the market demand for new energy vehicles, especially new energy commercial vehicles, is growing rapidly. Commercial vehicles, as core equipment for urban logistics, long-distance transportation, and construction, are gradually transitioning to electrification. Existing new energy vehicles generally use batteries as their primary energy source, while air suspension systems are crucial for ensuring battery safety and overall vehicle performance.

[0003] In the relevant prior art, invention patent application CN116872664A discloses an automotive air spring suspension assembly. This assembly uses air spring technology to achieve elastic support and vibration damping functions through compressed air. However, the stiffness of the air spring mainly depends on internal air pressure adjustment. The dynamic response range of the air spring is limited, making it difficult to adapt to the significant load changes brought about by the weight of the battery pack and cargo loading in new energy vehicles. During rapid acceleration or emergency braking, the air spring cannot quickly adjust its stiffness to balance the high and low frequency vibrations of the vehicle body, causing significant damage to components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above description, the present invention provides an air suspension system and a vehicle, which aims to solve the problem that existing vehicle suspension systems using air springs cannot quickly adjust stiffness to balance high and low frequency vibrations of the vehicle body.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an air suspension system includes a first axle mechanism, the first axle mechanism comprising:

[0007] The first axle assembly includes two guide arms;

[0008] The first vibration damping mechanism includes a first vibration damping component and a second vibration damping component corresponding to the two guide arms one-to-one. The first vibration damping component includes a first hydraulic spring and a low-pressure accumulator. One end of the first hydraulic spring is rotatably connected to the guide arm, and the first inlet of the low-pressure accumulator is connected to the outlet of the first hydraulic spring. The second vibration damping component includes a second hydraulic spring and a high-pressure accumulator. One end of the second hydraulic spring is rotatably connected to the guide arm, and the first inlet of the high-pressure accumulator is connected to the outlet of the second hydraulic spring. The outlet of the high-pressure accumulator is connected to the second inlet of the low-pressure accumulator.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, it includes a height detection element, which is disposed opposite to the first axle assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the height detection component is a rotary height sensor, the detection end of the rotary height sensor is provided with a rotating arm, and the other end of the rotating arm is provided with a connecting arm.

[0012] Furthermore, including a control box, the signal output terminal of the height detection device is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the control box.

[0013] Furthermore, the second liquid inlet of the high-voltage accumulator is connected to the liquid replenishment port of the control box via a second pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a second damping mechanism is included, which is disposed between the two guide arms. The second damping mechanism includes a housing, two third damping components, and a tension spring. The two third damping components are symmetrical about a defined axis. Each third damping component includes a support arm, a slide rail, a support rod, and a moving block. One end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the housing. The slide rail is at the same height as the other ends of the first and second gas springs. The slide rail has a movable cavity. The support rod is disposed in the movable cavity. The moving block is slidably disposed on the support rod. The two ends of the tension spring are connected one-to-one to the support arms of the two third damping components.

[0015] Furthermore, the third vibration damping component includes an elastic element, which is sleeved on the support rod. The moving block has an abutment surface, one end of the elastic element abuts against the abutment surface, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the side wall of the slide relative to the abutment surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the third vibration damping component includes a first distance sensor, a movable frame, and a driving component. The slide has a first side plate and a second side plate facing each other. The first distance sensor is disposed on the first side plate, and the detection end of the first distance sensor passes through the first side plate and extends to the movable cavity. The movable frame is movably disposed in the movable cavity, and a connection hole is provided on the movable frame. The end of the support rod facing away from the first side plate is inserted into the connection hole. The driving component is disposed on the second side plate, and the output end of the driving component passes through the second side plate and is connected to the movable frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the third vibration damping component includes a second distance sensor, which is disposed on the second side plate, and the detection end of the second distance sensor passes through the second side plate and extends into the active cavity.

[0018] In a second aspect, a vehicle includes an air suspension system as described in the first aspect.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention operates sequentially according to the changes in vehicle load, thus making the stiffness changes of the first and second oil-gas springs more in line with the requirements of suspension performance, thereby ensuring that the suspension has approximately the same natural vibration frequency when the vehicle is unloaded and fully loaded, thereby improving the ride smoothness of the vehicle.

[0021] (2) The present invention uses elastic elements and tension springs to form synergistic damping, which attenuates high-frequency impacts and low-frequency swaying, thereby further reducing the possibility of damage to various components. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an air suspension system provided in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first vibration damping mechanism and the first axle assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the height detection component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second vibration damping mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slide structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the third vibration damping component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile frame in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an air suspension system provided in this invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an air suspension system provided in this invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] L, Define the axis;

[0035] 10. First axle assembly; 11. Guide arm;

[0036] 20. First vibration damping mechanism; 21. First vibration damping assembly; 211. First hydraulic spring; 212. Low-voltage accumulator; 2121. First pipeline; 22. Second vibration damping assembly; 221. Second hydraulic spring; 222. High-voltage accumulator; 2221. Second pipeline;

[0037] 30. Height detection component; 31. Rotating arm; 32. Connecting arm;

[0038] 40. Control box;

[0039] 50. Second vibration damping mechanism; 51. Housing; 52. Third vibration damping assembly; 521. Support arm; 522. Slide rail; 5221. Movable cavity; 5222. First side plate; 5223. Second side plate; 523. Support rod; 524. Moving block; 5241. Abutment surface; 5242. Sliding element; 525. Elastic element; 526. First distance sensor; 527. Moving frame; 5271. Connecting hole; 528. Driving element; 529. Second distance sensor; 53. Tension spring;

[0040] 60. Second axle assembly; 70. Fourth damping assembly; 71. Third gas spring; 72. Fourth gas spring. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application.

[0043] It is understood that spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "below," "above," "above," etc., can be used here to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as "below" or "below" of the other element or feature will be oriented "above" the other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" and "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0044] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0045] Reference Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an air suspension system, including a first axle mechanism, the first axle mechanism including a first axle assembly 10 and a first damping mechanism 20, the first axle assembly 10 including two guide arms 11; the first damping mechanism 20 including a first damping component 21 and a second damping component 22 corresponding one-to-one with the two guide arms 11, the first damping component 21 including a first air spring 211 and a low-pressure accumulator 212, one end of the first air spring 211 being rotatably connected to the guide arm 11, the first inlet of the low-pressure accumulator 212 being connected to the outlet of the first air spring 211, the second damping component 22 including a second air spring 221 and a high-pressure accumulator 222, one end of the second air spring 221 being rotatably connected to the guide arm 11, the first inlet of the high-pressure accumulator 222 being connected to the outlet of the second air spring 221, and the outlet of the high-pressure accumulator 222 being connected to the second inlet of the low-pressure accumulator 212.

[0046] For example, the drain port of the high-pressure accumulator 222 is connected to the second inlet port of the low-pressure accumulator 212 through the first pipe 2121.

[0047] In this embodiment, the air pressure in the air chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 212 is lower than the air pressure in the air chamber of the high-pressure accumulator 222. Therefore, when the load on the second hydraulic spring 221 does not exceed the critical value, the air chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 212 operates first. That is, the first hydraulic spring 211 pushes liquid into the liquid chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 212, compressing the diaphragm of the low-pressure accumulator 212 and increasing the air pressure in the air chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 212. At this time, the stiffness of the first hydraulic spring 211 and the second hydraulic spring 221 is relatively weak. When the load on the second hydraulic spring 221 exceeds the critical value, the air pressure in the air chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 212 is greater than the air pressure in the air chamber of the high-pressure accumulator 222, and both the air chambers of the low-pressure accumulator 212 and the high-pressure accumulator 222 operate simultaneously. The piston of the second gas spring 221 forces a portion of the liquid into the liquid chamber of the high-pressure accumulator 222, causing the liquid to compress the diaphragm of the high-pressure accumulator 222 and increase the air pressure in the air chamber of the high-pressure accumulator 222. Simultaneously, the piston of the second gas spring 221 forces another portion of the liquid into the liquid chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 212, causing the liquid to compress the diaphragm of the low-pressure accumulator 212 and increase the air pressure in the air chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 212. At this time, the stiffness of the first gas spring 211 and the second gas spring 221 is relatively high. Because the two air chambers do not work simultaneously, but rather sequentially according to changes in vehicle load, the stiffness changes of the first gas spring 211 and the second gas spring 221 better meet the requirements of suspension performance, thus ensuring that the suspension has approximately equal natural vibration frequencies when the vehicle is unloaded and fully loaded, thereby improving the ride comfort of the vehicle.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the air suspension system includes a height detection element 30, which is disposed opposite to the first axle assembly 10.

[0049] In this embodiment, the height detection element 30 monitors the height difference between the first axle assembly 10 and the vehicle body in real time, providing data support for the gas pressure regulation of the air chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 212. This improves the dynamic response accuracy of the air suspension system and adapts to the height adjustment needs under different road conditions.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the height detection element 30 is a rotary height sensor, the detection end of the rotary height sensor is provided with a rotating arm 31, and the other end of the rotating arm 31 is provided with a connecting arm 32.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the vehicle height changes, the rotating arm 31 rotates with the displacement of the first axle assembly 10, driving the connecting arm 32 to activate the rotary height sensor, converting the mechanical displacement into an electrical signal. This not only ensures high detection sensitivity but also makes it suitable for installation in confined spaces.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the air suspension system includes a control box 40, and the signal output terminal of the height detection element 30 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the control box 40.

[0053] For example, the signal output terminal of the height detection device 30 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the control box 40 via a wire.

[0054] In this embodiment, after analyzing the height data, the control box 40 outputs a command to adjust the pressure of the high-voltage accumulator 222. This achieves closed-loop control, ensuring that the suspension system can quickly and adaptively adjust.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the second inlet of the high-voltage accumulator 222 is connected to the replenishment port of the control box 40 via the second pipe 2221.

[0056] In this embodiment, the control box 40 replenishes hydraulic oil to the high-pressure accumulator 222 according to operating conditions to maintain system pressure balance. This avoids pressure fluctuations in the high-pressure accumulator 222 due to leakage or load changes, thus improving system reliability.

[0057] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the air suspension system includes a second damping mechanism 50, which is disposed between two guide arms 11. The second damping mechanism 50 includes a housing 51, two third damping components 52, and a tension spring 53. The two third damping components 52 are symmetrical about a defined axis L. Each third damping component 52 includes a support arm 521, a slide rail 522, a support rod 523, and a moving block 524. One end of the support arm 521 is rotatably connected to the housing 51. The slide rail 522 is at the same height as the other end of the first air spring 211 and the other end of the second air spring 221. The slide rail 522 has a movable cavity 5221. The support rod 523 is disposed in the movable cavity 5221. The moving block 524 is slidably disposed on the support rod 523. The two ends of the tension spring 53 are connected one-to-one to the support arms 521 of the two third damping components 52.

[0058] In this embodiment, the vibration of the first axle assembly 10 is transmitted to the moving block 524 via the support arm 521, and the moving block 524 slides along the support rod 523. The tension spring 53 maintains symmetrical force on the two support arms 521 when they are stationary or vibrating through elastic tension, avoiding unilateral overload causing the support arm 521 to tilt. When the axle vibration is transmitted to the slide rail 522, the support arm 521 is displaced by external force, and the tension spring 53 absorbs part of the vibration energy by stretching or compressing. For example, when one support arm 521 is compressed, the tension spring 53 applies a reverse tension force to the other side to suppress the vibration amplitude.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the third damping component 52 includes an elastic element 525, which is sleeved on the support rod 523. The moving block 524 has an abutment surface 5241. One end of the elastic element 525 abuts against the abutment surface 5241, and the other end of the elastic element 525 abuts against the side wall of the slide 522 relative to the abutment surface 5241.

[0060] For example, the elastic element 525 can be a spring or an elastic rubber ring, etc.

[0061] In this embodiment, when the movable block 524 slides along the support rod 523, the elastic element 525 provides linear damping, directly absorbing the impact energy transmitted by the movable block 524. The elastic element 525 can form synergistic damping with the tension spring 53 to attenuate high-frequency impacts and low-frequency swaying, thereby further reducing the possibility of damage to various components.

[0062] Reference Figures 6 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the moving block 524 is connected to the slide rail 522 by at least one pair of sliders 5242.

[0063] For example, the slider 5242 may include a sliding protrusion and a groove, the sliding protrusion being disposed on the moving block 524, and the groove being formed in the side wall of the movable cavity 5221 relative to the sliding protrusion; the slider 5242 may also include a guide rail and a slider, the slider being disposed on the moving block 524, and the guide rail being disposed in the side wall of the movable cavity 5221 relative to the slider.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the moving block 524 moves along the support rod 523, the sliding member 5242 can play a guiding role to ensure the stability of the movement of the moving block 524.

[0065] Reference Figures 4 to 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the third vibration damping component 52 includes a first distance sensor 526, a movable frame 527, and a drive member 528. The slide rail 522 has a first side plate 5222 and a second side plate 5223 facing each other. The first distance sensor 526 is disposed on the first side plate 5222. The detection end of the first distance sensor 526 passes through the first side plate 5222 and extends to the movable cavity 5221. The movable frame 527 is movably disposed in the movable cavity 5221. A connection hole 5271 is provided on the movable frame 527. One end of the support rod 523 facing away from the first side plate 5222 is inserted into the connection hole 5271. The drive member 528 is disposed on the second side plate 5223. The output end of the drive member 528 passes through the second side plate 5223 and is connected to the movable frame 527.

[0066] For example, the drive unit 528 can be a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first sensor monitors the displacement distance of the moving block 524, and the driving component 528 adjusts the position of the moving frame 527 in real time based on the data, thereby changing the stiffness of the elastic component 525. By dynamically adjusting the vibration damping stiffness, it adapts to different loads or road conditions, improving the adaptability of the elastic component 525.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the third vibration damping component 52 includes a second distance sensor 529, which is disposed on the second side plate 5223. The detection end of the second distance sensor 529 passes through the second side plate 5223 and extends to the movable cavity 5221.

[0069] In this embodiment, the second distance sensor 529 detects the displacement distance of the moving frame 527 to ensure the accuracy of the displacement of the moving frame 527.

[0070] The first damping component 21, the second damping component 22, and the third damping component 52 can constitute a damping assembly. The damping assembly solves the problems of rigid stiffness adjustment, low energy efficiency, and large space occupation faced by air suspension systems in new energy vehicles through multi-level coordinated damping, and also has the advantages of high comfort, high energy efficiency, and high reliability.

[0071] Reference Figures 9 to 10 As shown, in some other embodiments, the air suspension system includes at least one second axle mechanism, which is arranged parallel to the first axle mechanism. The second axle mechanism includes a second axle assembly 60 and a fourth damping assembly 70. The fourth damping assembly 70 includes a third air spring 71 and a fourth air spring 72. Both the third air spring 71 and the fourth air spring 72 are disposed on the second axle assembly 60. The drain port of the third air spring 71 is connected to the third inlet of the low-pressure accumulator 212, and the drain port of the fourth air spring 72 is connected to the third inlet of the high-pressure accumulator 222.

[0072] In this embodiment, the working principle of the third gas spring 71 is the same as that of the first gas spring 211, and the working principle of the fourth gas spring 72 is the same as that of the second gas spring 222.

[0073] For example, when there are two second axle mechanisms, the first axle mechanism is located between the two second axle mechanisms.

[0074] The present invention provides a technical solution: a vehicle including the above-mentioned air suspension system.

[0075] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air suspension system characterized by, The first axle mechanism comprises: The first axle assembly (10) comprises two guide arms (11); The first damping mechanism (20) comprises a first damping assembly (21) and a second damping assembly (22) corresponding to the two guide arms (11), the first damping assembly (21) comprises a first gas- hydraulic spring (211) and a low-pressure accumulator (212), one end of the first gas-hydraulic spring (211) is rotatably connected to the guide arm (11), and a first liquid inlet of the low-pressure accumulator (212) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the first gas-hydraulic spring (211), the second damping assembly (22) comprises a second gas-hydraulic spring (221) and a high-pressure accumulator (222), one end of the second gas-hydraulic spring (221) is rotatably connected to the guide arm (11), and a first liquid inlet of the high-pressure accumulator (222) is communicated with a liquid outlet of the second gas-hydraulic spring (221), and a liquid outlet of the high-pressure accumulator (222) is communicated with a second liquid inlet of the low-pressure accumulator (212).

2. The air suspension system of claim 1, wherein, The height detection member (30) is arranged opposite to the first axle assembly (10).

3. The air suspension system of claim 2, wherein, The height detection member (30) is a rotary height sensor, and a detection end of the rotary height sensor is provided with a rotary arm (31), and the other end of the rotary arm (31) is provided with a connecting arm (32).

4. The air suspension system of claim 3, wherein, The control box (40) is electrically connected to the signal output end of the height detection member (30).

5. The air suspension system of claim 4, wherein, The second liquid inlet of the high-pressure accumulator (222) is communicated with a liquid supplementing port of the control box (40) through a second pipeline (2221).

6. The air suspension system of claim 1, wherein, The second damping mechanism (50) is arranged between the two guide arms (11), and the second damping mechanism (50) comprises a housing (51), two third damping assemblies (52) and a tension spring (53), the two third damping assemblies (52) are axisymmetric about a defined axis (L), the third damping assembly (52) comprises a support arm (521), a slide (522), a support rod (523) and a moving block (524), one end of the support arm (521) is rotatably connected to the housing (51), the slide (522) is at the same height as the other end of the first gas-hydraulic spring (211) and the other end of the second gas-hydraulic spring (221), the slide (522) has a movable cavity (5221), the support rod (523) is arranged in the movable cavity (5221), the moving block (524) is slidably arranged on the support rod (523), and the two ends of the tension spring (53) are correspondingly connected to the support arms (521) of the two third damping assemblies (52).

7. The air suspension system of claim 6, wherein, The third damping assembly (52) comprises an elastic piece (525), the elastic piece (525) is sleeved on the support rod (523), the moving block (524) has an abutting surface (5241), one end of the elastic piece (525) is abutted against the abutting surface (5241), and the other end of the elastic piece (525) is abutted against the side wall of the slide (522) relative to the abutting surface (5241).

8. The air suspension system of claim 7, wherein, The third damping assembly (52) comprises a first distance sensor (526), a moving frame (527) and a driving piece (528), the slide (522) has opposite first and second side plates (5222) and (5223), the first distance sensor (526) is arranged on the first side plate (5222), a detection end of the first distance sensor (526) penetrates through the first side plate (5222) and extends into the movable cavity (5221), the moving frame (527) is movably arranged in the movable cavity (5221), a connecting hole (5271) is formed in the moving frame (527), one end of the support rod (523) away from the first side plate (5222) is inserted into the connecting hole (5271), and the driving piece (528) is arranged on the second side plate (5223), an output end of the driving piece (528) penetrates through the second side plate (5223) and is connected to the moving frame (527).

9. The air suspension system of claim 8, wherein, The third damping assembly (52) comprises a second distance sensor (529), the second distance sensor (529) is arranged on the second side plate (5223), and a detection end of the second distance sensor (529) penetrates through the second side plate (5223) and extends into the movable cavity (5221).

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: An air suspension system comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images