Aircraft take-off and landing performance evaluation method based on taxiing video

Abstract

The invention provides an aircraft take-off and landing performance evaluation method based on a taxiing video, which comprises the following steps: calculating the displacement, speed and acceleration of an aircraft by using the taxiing video, and predicting a take-off and off-land position or a taxiing stopping position of the aircraft in real time by using the obtained speed and acceleration. And finally, obtaining a ground takeoff skating distance LTO, a ground clearance speed VLOF, a grounding speed VTD and a total skating distance LLR during landing. Compared with the prior art, personnel on the ground can master the taxiing speed and acceleration of the aircraft, clearly know the takeoff and off-land position or the taxiing stopping position of the aircraft, quantitatively evaluate the takeoff and landing performance of the aircraft, and provide technical support for thrust evaluation of an engine and performance evaluation of a speed reduction device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fixed-wing aircraft take-off and landing characteristics evaluation, and in particular to a method for evaluating the take-off and landing characteristics of fixed-wing aircraft, including the rolling speed, rolling acceleration, and ground take-off rolling distance L of the fixed-wing aircraft during the take-off and landing phases. TO , lift-off speed V LOF , touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR evaluation method. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft engine thrust is a key factor in determining aircraft takeoff performance. Over time, the efficiency of various engine components decreases, leading to a decrease in thrust and, consequently, a decline in aircraft takeoff performance.

[0003] During takeoff and landing, aircraft roll over short distances and for short periods, leaving little room for maneuvering in the event of an emergency. Currently, there is no effective means for ground control to monitor aircraft speed and acceleration during takeoff and landing, let alone real-time prediction of takeoff and landing positions. In the event of an emergency during takeoff and landing, tower air traffic control personnel, lacking accurate information on aircraft speed and acceleration, are unable to provide appropriate warnings and assistance to pilots. If pilots misjudge the aircraft's status and mishandle the aircraft, the aircraft could potentially overrun the runway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that there is no effective means to monitor the speed and acceleration of the aircraft during the take-off and landing phases on the ground. A method for evaluating the take-off and landing performance of an aircraft based on a taxiing video is provided. The aircraft displacement, speed and acceleration are calculated using the taxiing video. The obtained speed and acceleration are used to predict the take-off and landing position or the stop taxiing position of the aircraft in real time, and finally the ground take-off taxiing distance L is obtained. TO , lift-off speed V LOF , touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR .

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] 1. A method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Construct an interpolation function L=f(x) between x (the distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway in the video) and L (the actual distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway).

[0008] S2, measure x at T T (The distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway in the video).

[0009] S3, calculate T when L T(The actual distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway).

[0010] S4. Calculate the relative displacements ΔL0, ΔL1, and ΔL2 of the aircraft between T0, T1, T2, and T3.

[0011] S5. Calculate the aircraft's speeds V1 and V2 at T1 and T2.

[0012] S6. Calculate the longitudinal acceleration a2 of the aircraft at T2.

[0013] S7. Calculate the speed V3 of the aircraft at T3.

[0014] S8. Predict the aircraft's takeoff and landing position L or landing stop roll position L based on the aircraft's speed V2 and acceleration a2 at time T2.

[0015] S9. Calculate the takeoff speed V for this flight. LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO Or the touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR .

[0016] Specifically, the method for constructing the interpolation function L=f(x) between x (the distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) and L (the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end) in step S1 is as follows:

[0017] According to the known x i (The distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) and L i The interpolation function L = f(x) is constructed by using the corresponding data points (the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end) passing through these points. Common interpolation methods include Lagrange polynomial interpolation, Newton interpolation, piecewise linear interpolation, Hermite interpolation, and cubic spline interpolation.

[0018] Specifically, when measuring T in step S2, x T (The distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) The method is as follows:

[0019] A prominent feature on the aircraft is used as the aircraft measurement point, and the distance between the aircraft measurement point and the runway end at time T in the video is used as x T (The distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway in the video).

[0020] Specifically, when calculating T in step S3, L T (The actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end) The method is as follows:

[0021] According to the interpolation function L = f(x), the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end at time T is L T =f(x T ).

[0022] Specifically, the method for calculating the relative displacements ΔL0, ΔL1, and ΔL2 of the aircraft between T0, T1, T2, and T3 in step S4 is as follows:

[0023] ΔL0=L1-L0

[0024] ΔL1=L2-L1

[0025] ΔL2=L3-L2

[0026] Specifically, the method for calculating the speeds V1 and V2 of the aircraft at T1 and T2 in step S5 is as follows:

[0027] V1=(ΔL0+ΔL1) / (T2-T0)

[0028] V2=(ΔL1+ΔL2) / (T3-T1)

[0029] Specifically, the method for calculating the longitudinal acceleration a2 of the aircraft at time T2 in step S6 is as follows:

[0030] The intervals between the selected T0, T1, T2, and T3 are very short, and the longitudinal acceleration of the aircraft remains approximately unchanged.

[0031] a2=(V2-V1) / (T2-T1)

[0032] Specifically, the method for calculating the speed V3 of the aircraft at time T3 in step S7 is as follows:

[0033] V3=V2+a2(T3-T2)

[0034] Specifically, in step S8, when the longitudinal acceleration is positive, the method for predicting the takeoff and landing position L of the aircraft is as follows:

[0035] Given an aircraft takeoff speed V 起飞

[0036] t=(V 起飞 -V2) / a2

[0037] L=V2t+0.5a2t 2 +L2

[0038] Specifically, in step S8, when the longitudinal acceleration is negative, the method for predicting the stop rolling position L is as follows:

[0039] t=(0-V2) / a2

[0040] L=V2t+0.5a2t 2 +L2

[0041] Specifically, in step S9, when the longitudinal acceleration is positive, the takeoff speed V of the flight is calculated. LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO The specific method is as follows:

[0042] The aircraft starts sliding at T0, the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L0, and the aircraft speed is V0;

[0043] In T n The distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L n , the aircraft speed is V n ;

[0044] V LOF =V n

[0045] L TO =L n -L0

[0046] Specifically, in step S9, when the longitudinal acceleration is negative, the ground contact speed V is calculated. TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR The specific method is as follows:

[0047] The aircraft touches down at T0, the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L0, and the aircraft speed is V0;

[0048] Aircraft in T n The aircraft stops sliding when the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L n , the aircraft speed is V n ;

[0049] V TD =V0

[0050] L LR =L n -L0

[0051] Specifically, based on the above steps, a program is compiled to calculate the speed and acceleration of the aircraft, and to predict in real time the take-off position of the aircraft or the stop position of the aircraft during landing. Finally, the take-off speed V is calculated. LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO Or the touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR .

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The present invention proposes a method for evaluating the take-off and landing performance of an aircraft based on a taxiing video. The method uses the taxiing video to calculate the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the aircraft, and uses the obtained velocity and acceleration to predict the take-off and landing position or the stop taxiing position of the aircraft in real time, and finally obtains the ground take-off taxiing distance L. TO , lift-off speed V LOF , touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR .

[0054] Furthermore, step S1 provides a method for constructing an interpolation function L=f(x) between x (the distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) and L (the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end). Constructing the interpolation function L=f(x) is the basis for using the present invention to evaluate aircraft takeoff and landing performance.

[0055] Furthermore, step S2 gives x at T T The method for measuring x (the distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway in the video) and determining x (the distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway in the video) are the key to evaluating the take-off and landing performance of an aircraft using the present invention.

[0056] Furthermore, steps S3-S7 provide a method for calculating speed and acceleration, by which the speed and acceleration of the aircraft at any position on the runway can be obtained, thereby predicting the take-off position or taxiing position of the aircraft in real time.

[0057] Furthermore, step S9 gives the take-off speed V LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO , touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR Calculation method, by calculation we can get the takeoff speed V LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO and touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR , and then evaluate the engine thrust and reduction device performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of aircraft takeoff and landing performance evaluation based on taxiing video

[0059] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the aircraft's predicted takeoff and landing position during the takeoff roll phase. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present invention proposes a method for evaluating the take-off and landing performance of an aircraft based on a taxiing video. The method uses the taxiing video to calculate the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the aircraft, and uses the obtained velocity and acceleration to predict the take-off and landing position or the stop taxiing position of the aircraft in real time, and finally obtains the ground take-off taxiing distance L. TO , lift-off speed V LOF , touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR Compared with existing technologies, the present invention allows ground personnel to grasp the aircraft's taxiing speed and acceleration, clearly know the aircraft's takeoff and landing position or the position where the taxiing stops, quantitatively evaluate the aircraft's takeoff and landing performance, and provide technical support for engine thrust evaluation and deceleration device performance evaluation.

[0061] 1. A method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1. Construct an interpolation function L = f(x) between x (the distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) and L (the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end). The specific method is as follows:

[0063] According to the known x i (The distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) and L i The interpolation function L = f(x) is constructed by using the corresponding data points (the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end) passing through these points. Common interpolation methods include Lagrange polynomial interpolation, Newton interpolation, piecewise linear interpolation, Hermite interpolation, and cubic spline interpolation.

[0064] S2, measure x at T T (The distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) is as follows:

[0065] A prominent feature on the aircraft is used as the aircraft measurement point, and the distance between the aircraft measurement point and the runway end at time T in the video is used as x T (The distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway in the video).

[0066] S3, calculate T when L T (the actual distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway), the method is as follows:

[0067] According to the interpolation function L = f(x), the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end at time T is L T =f(x T ).

[0068] S4. Calculate the relative displacements ΔL0, ΔL1, and ΔL2 of the aircraft between T0, T1, T2, and T3. The specific method is as follows:

[0069] ΔL0=L1-L0

[0070] ΔL1=L2-L1

[0071] ΔL2=L3-L2

[0072] S5. Calculate the aircraft's speeds V1 and V2 at T1 and T2 as follows:

[0073] V1=(ΔL0+ΔL1) / (T2-T0)

[0074] V2=(ΔL1+ΔL2) / (T3-T1)

[0075] S6. Calculate the longitudinal acceleration a2 of the aircraft at time T2 using the following method:

[0076] The intervals between the selected T0, T1, T2, and T3 are very short, and the longitudinal acceleration of the aircraft remains approximately unchanged.

[0077] a2=(V2-V1) / (T2-T1)

[0078] S7. Calculate the speed V3 of the aircraft at T3.

[0079] V3=V2+a2(T3-T2)

[0080] S6. Predict the aircraft's takeoff and landing position L or landing stop roll position L based on the aircraft's speed V2 and acceleration a2 at time T2.

[0081] When the longitudinal acceleration is positive, the method for determining the takeoff position L is as follows:

[0082] Given an aircraft takeoff speed V 起飞

[0083] t=(V 起飞 -V2) / a2

[0084] L=V2t+0.5a2t 2 +L2

[0085] When the longitudinal acceleration is negative, the method for stopping the rolling position L is as follows:

[0086] t=(0-V2) / a2

[0087] L=V2t+0.5a2t 2 +L2

[0088] S9. Calculate the takeoff speed V for this flight. LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO Or the touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR , the specific method is as follows:

[0089] Longitudinal acceleration is positive

[0090] The aircraft starts sliding at T0, the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L0, and the aircraft speed is V0;

[0091] In T n The distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L n , the aircraft speed is V n ;

[0092] V LOF =V n

[0093] L TO =L n -L0

[0094] When the longitudinal acceleration is negative

[0095] The aircraft touches down at T0, the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L0, and the aircraft speed is V0;

[0096] Aircraft in T n The aircraft stops sliding when the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L n , the aircraft speed is V n ;

[0097] V TD =V0

[0098] L LR =L n -L0

[0099] Based on the above steps, a program is compiled to calculate the speed and acceleration of the aircraft, and the take-off and landing position or landing stop position of the aircraft is predicted in real time. Finally, the take-off speed V is calculated. LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO , touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR .

[0100] In order to make the implementation purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the examples of the present invention. Obviously, the examples described are part of the examples of the present invention, not all of the examples. Generally, the components of the examples of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed through various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the examples of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected examples of the present invention. Based on the examples in the present invention, all other examples obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0101] Taking a certain type of aircraft taking off from a certain type of aircraft carrier using a steam catapult as an example, the aircraft take-off and landing performance evaluation process is explained. Figure 1 The following is the overall flow chart of the implementation process.

[0102] 1. Construct an interpolation function L = f(x) between x (the distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) and L (the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end). Take four points (x, L), (0, 0), (29, 30), (57, 60), and (84, 90), and use Newton interpolation to construct the interpolation function. The function is as follows: L=1.034483x+0.0006481736x(x-29)+0.0000008729326x(x-29)(x-57)

[0103] 2. Using the aircraft's left tail nozzle as the aircraft measurement point, the distance x between the aircraft and the runway end in the video at 0.5s, 1.0s, 1.5s, and 2.0s was measured to be 3mm, 15mm, 34mm, and 58mm, respectively.

[0104] 3. The actual distance L between the aircraft and the runway end at 0.5s, 1.0s, 1.5s, and 2.0s is 3.1m, 15.4m, 35.3m, and 61.1m respectively.

[0105] 4. Calculate the relative displacements of the aircraft between 0.5s, 1.0s, 1.5s, and 2.0s, which are 12.3m, 19.9m, and 25.8m, respectively.

[0106] 5. Calculate the aircraft’s velocities V1 = 32.2 m / s and V2 = 45.7 m / s at 1.0 s and 1.5 s, respectively.

[0107] 6. Calculate the longitudinal acceleration of the aircraft at 1.5 s: a2 = 27 m / s 2 .

[0108] 7. Calculate the speed of the aircraft at 2 seconds: V3 = 59.2 m / s.

[0109] 8. The takeoff speed of this type of aircraft is 73.6m / s (265km / h), and the predicted takeoff position is L = 96.7m.

[0110] 9. The aircraft leaves the ground in 2.5 seconds, and the ground takeoff distance is L TO =92m, V LOF =72m / s.

[0111] In summary, the present invention proposes a method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video, which uses taxiing video to calculate the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the aircraft, and uses the obtained velocity and acceleration to predict the aircraft's takeoff and landing position or stop taxiing position in real time, and finally obtains the ground takeoff taxiing distance L. TO , lift-off speed V LOF , touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR Compared with existing technologies, the present invention allows ground personnel to grasp the aircraft's taxiing speed and acceleration, clearly know the aircraft's takeoff and landing position or the position where the taxiing stops, quantitatively evaluate the aircraft's takeoff and landing performance, and provide technical support for engine thrust evaluation and deceleration device performance evaluation.

[0112] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video, comprising the following steps: S1. Construct an interpolation function L = f(x) between x (the distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) and L (the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end); S2, measure x at T T (The distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway in the video); S3, calculate T when L T (the actual distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway); S4, calculating the relative displacements ΔL0, ΔL1, and ΔL2 of the aircraft between T0, T1, T2, and T3; S5. Calculate the speeds V1 and V2 of the aircraft at T1 and T2; S6. Calculate the longitudinal acceleration a2 of the aircraft at time T2; S7. Calculate the speed V3 of the aircraft at T3; S8. Predicting the aircraft's takeoff and landing position L or landing stop roll position L based on the aircraft's velocity V2 and acceleration a2 at time T2; S9. Calculate the takeoff speed V for this flight. LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO Or the touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR .

2. The method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for constructing the interpolation function in step S1 is as follows: According to the known x i (The distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video) and L i The interpolation function L = f(x) is constructed by using the corresponding data points (the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end) passing through these points. Common interpolation methods include Lagrange polynomial interpolation, Newton interpolation, piecewise linear interpolation, Hermite interpolation, and cubic spline interpolation.

3. The method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, characterized in that When measuring T in step S2, x T (The distance between the aircraft and the runway end in the video), the method is as follows: A prominent feature on the aircraft is used as the aircraft measurement point, and the distance between the aircraft measurement point and the runway end at time T in the video is used as x T (The distance between the aircraft and the end of the runway in the video).

4. The method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, characterized in that When calculating T in S3, L T (The actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end) The method is as follows: According to the interpolation function L = f(x), the actual distance between the aircraft and the runway end at time T is L T =f(x T ).

5. The method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for calculating the relative displacements ΔL0, ΔL1, and ΔL2 of the aircraft between T0, T1, T2, and T3 in S4 is as follows: ΔL0=L1-L0 ΔL1=L2-L1 ΔL2=L3-L2 6. The method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for calculating the aircraft's speeds V1 and V2 at T1 and T2 in S5 is as follows: V1=(ΔL0+ΔL1) / (T2-T0) V2=(ΔL1+ΔL2) / (T3-T1) 7. The method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the longitudinal acceleration a2 of the aircraft at time T2 in S6 is as follows: The intervals between the selected T0, T1, T2, and T3 are very short, and the longitudinal acceleration of the aircraft remains approximately unchanged. a2=(V2-V1) / (T2-T1) 8. The method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for calculating the aircraft's speed V3 at T3 in S7 is as follows: V3=V2+a2(T3-T2) 9. The method for evaluating aircraft takeoff and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for predicting the aircraft takeoff and landing position L or landing stop roll position L in S8 is as follows: 1) When the longitudinal acceleration is positive, the aircraft takeoff position L is as follows: Given an aircraft takeoff speed V 起飞 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">t=(V<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 起飞 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> -V2) / a2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">L = V2t + 0.5a2t<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +L2 2) When the longitudinal acceleration is negative, the method for stopping the rolling position L is as follows: t=(0-V2) / a2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">L = V2t + 0.5a2t<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +L2 10. The method for evaluating aircraft take-off and landing performance based on taxiing video according to claim 1, characterized in that Calculate takeoff speed V in S9 LOF , Ground takeoff run distance L TO Or the touchdown speed V TD , total rolling distance during landing L LR Here’s how: 1) When longitudinal acceleration is positive The aircraft starts sliding at T0, the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L0, and the aircraft speed is V0; In T n The distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L n , the aircraft speed is V n ; V LOF =V n L TO =L n -L0 2) When the longitudinal acceleration is negative The aircraft touches down at T0, the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L0, and the aircraft speed is V0; Aircraft in T n The aircraft stops sliding when the distance between the aircraft and the runway end is L n , the aircraft speed is V n ; V TD =V0 L LR =L n -L0.

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