Tunnel profile forming device based on hydraulic cutting

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting, which comprises a hanger, a plug rod device on the hanger, the plug rod device being inserted into a deslagging hole at one end, the hanger being provided with a swingable swing arm frame at one end, the swing arm frame being provided with a water jet cutting assembly movable along the length direction of the swing arm frame, and the water jet cutting assembly being provided with a water jet nozzle. The problems of instability collapse of the working face and overbreak or underbreak caused by the drill and blast method are solved, the device can be automatically operated after the installation process is assisted by a moving carrier to stay in position, the device has the characteristics of convenient installation and removal and flexible operation, and multi-machine cluster operation can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting. Background Technology

[0002] Drill-and-blast method is a primary method for tunnel construction due to its strong adaptability to complex geological conditions, low construction cost, and low initial investment. Although it has been widely used in the construction of tunnels for highways, railways, and hydropower projects in my country, the drilling and blasting method still faces challenges. These include the significant disturbance to the surrounding rock caused by blasting, which can easily induce instability and collapse at the tunnel face; and the difficulty in controlling over- and under-excavation, which affects construction efficiency and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting, which solves the problems of tunnel face instability and collapse, as well as over-excavation and under-excavation, that are easily induced by the drill-and-blast method.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting, including a bracket, a rod device on the bracket, one end of the rod device being inserted into a slag discharge hole, a swing arm frame at one end of the bracket, a water jet cutting component that can move along the length direction of the swing arm frame, and a water jet cutting component equipped with a water jet nozzle.

[0005] In the preferred embodiment, the bracket includes a forward crossbeam. The upper end of the forward crossbeam, which is close to the tunnel working face, is provided with an upper crossbeam and the lower end is provided with a lower extension plate. The insertion rod device passes through the upper crossbeam and is inserted into the slag discharge hole. The lower extension plate abuts against the tunnel working face.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the insertion rod device includes an outer rod and an inner insertion rod sleeved inside the outer rod. One end of the outer rod is provided with multiple elastic expansion flaps along the circumference. The ends of the expansion flaps are provided with barb structures. The inner side of the expansion flaps is provided with an inner conical surface. One end of the inner insertion rod is provided with an outer conical surface. The inner insertion rod is inserted into the outer rod so that the outer conical surface compresses the inner conical surface, causing the expansion flaps to expand outward.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, the inner insert rod has multiple through slots along the circumference in the middle, and each through slot has a swingable anchor hook. The anchor hook is L-shaped, with a straight hook surface and a smooth arc surface at one end, and the other end of the anchor hook is hinged to a stop surface and has a stop surface. A stop block is provided in the through slot, and the stop block stops the stop surface.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, the upper crossbeam is provided with two strip-shaped sliding holes, and each strip-shaped sliding hole is provided with a slidingly connected transverse sliding sleeve. The insertion rod device is sleeved with the transverse sliding sleeve. The front extension crossbeam is provided with a rotatable double-ended screw, which includes a first threaded section and a second threaded section with opposite directions of rotation. The first threaded section and the second threaded section are fitted with screw nuts. A through connection hole is provided between the front extension crossbeam and the upper crossbeam, and each screw nut passes through the through connection hole and is connected to each transverse sliding sleeve respectively.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the waterjet cutting assembly further includes a transverse base plate, a rotating frame on the transverse base plate, an angle bracket on the rotating frame, one end of the angle bracket being hinged to the rotating frame, an extendable front bracket on the angle bracket, a waterjet nozzle on the front bracket, and a stop wheel on one side of the waterjet nozzle.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the lower end of the rotating frame is provided with a rotating frame shaft that is rotatably connected to the transverse base plate. The transverse base plate is also provided with a rotating wheel, which has an eccentric hole and a swing rod. One end of the swing rod is rotatably connected to the eccentric hole, and the other end of the swing rod is slidably connected to the rotating frame shaft.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a liftable top rod is provided at the end of the rotating frame away from the hinge, and a hinged connecting rod is provided at the upper end of the top rod, with the upper end of the connecting rod hinged to the bottom end of the tilting frame.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a cylindrical body is provided, with a telescopic rod at one end of the cylindrical body. A universal joint is provided at the end of the telescopic rod that is far from the cylindrical body. Each universal joint is connected to the transverse base plate and the forward extension frame respectively. The end of the cylindrical body is provided with an inlet and outlet port that communicates with the interior. A liquid storage tank is also provided. The inlet and outlet port are connected to the liquid storage tank through pipelines, and an on / off valve is provided on the pipelines.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the transverse base plate is slidably connected to the guide rail slider mechanism, the transverse base plate is provided with a transverse motor, the end of the transverse motor shaft is provided with a drive gear, the swing arm is provided with a rack, and the drive gear meshes with the rack.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It precisely cuts the tunnel outline during excavation, controlling over- and under-excavation while improving the stress distribution within the surrounding rock at the tunnel face, thus increasing the efficiency of subsequent tunnel face excavation; during installation, it can operate automatically after being positioned with the assistance of a mobile carrier, without occupying ground space, and features convenient installation and dismantling, flexible operation, and the ability to achieve multi-position cluster operation, making it particularly suitable for small-section tunnel construction; it adopts a swingable boom frame to adjust the cutting line angle, and the cutting nozzle mechanism has lateral, pitch, and rotation movements, and considering the flatness of the tunnel face, it can adaptively maintain the target distance during cutting, achieving precise cutting of the tunnel outline and ensuring that over- and under-excavation are within the allowable range; the insertion rod device adopts a double-sleeve rod form, using anchor hooks to pre-tighten the hanger to the tunnel face, and employs a mechanism that can be opened and embedded into the inner wall of the slag discharge hole to quickly form a stable connection. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of tunnel splicing and cutting applications.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of the cutting device.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the cutting device.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting device installation.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rack's related structure.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the distance adjustment mechanism for the insertion rod device.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the double-sleeve rod structure of the insertion rod device.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the inside of the insertion rod device.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the end of the insertion rod device.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a magnified view of the anchor hook.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a front view of the waterjet cutting assembly.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the waterjet cutting assembly.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the recoil support component.

[0029] In the diagram: Hanger 1; Front extension crossbar 101; Upper crossbar 102; Lower extension backplate 103; Strip-shaped sliding hole 104; Lateral sliding sleeve 105; Through connection hole 106; Adjustment drive motor 107; Double-ended lead screw 108; First threaded section 109; Second threaded section 110; Thread nut seat 111; Swing arm 2; Straight rack 201; Guide rail slider mechanism 202; Water jet cutting assembly 3; Lateral base plate 301; Rotating frame 302; Inclined frame 303; Front extension frame 304; Water jet nozzle 305; Abutment wheel 306; Lateral motor 307; Drive gear 308; Rotating frame shaft 309; Swing rod 310; Rotating wheel 311 ; Eccentric hole 312; Top rod 313; Connecting rod 314; Universal joint 315; Cylinder 316; Telescopic rod 317; Sealing piston 318; Inlet / outlet port 319; On / off valve 320; Storage tank 321; Adjusting cylinder 4; Insert rod device 5; Outer rod 501; Inner insert rod 502; Expansion flap 503; Inner conical surface 504; Outer conical surface 505; Barbed structure 506; Through slot 507; Anchor hook 508; Straight hook surface 509; Smooth arc surface 510; Stop surface 511; Stop block 512; Ring groove structure 513; Friction sleeve 514; External thread section 515; Internal thread groove 516; Slag discharge hole 6. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] like Figure 1-13 In the present invention, a tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting includes a bracket 1, a rod device 5 on the bracket 1, one end of the rod device 5 being inserted into a slag discharge hole 6, a swing arm 2 at one end of the bracket 1, a water jet cutting assembly 3 on the swing arm 2 that can move along the length of the swing arm 2, and a water jet nozzle 305 on the water jet cutting assembly 3.

[0032] The hanger 1 and the swing arm 2 are hinged at one end. The hanger 1 is provided with a swingable adjustment cylinder 4 in the middle. The other end of the adjustment cylinder 4 is hinged to the swing arm 2. The adjustment cylinder 4 is a hydraulic cylinder or a servo electric cylinder, which can drive the swing arm 2 to swing to any angle within the design range.

[0033] Before drilling, slag discharge holes 6 are pre-drilled at the tunnel working face using drilling equipment to discharge water and chips during waterjet cutting. Then, two insert rod devices 5 are inserted into two adjacent slag discharge holes 6, the bracket 1 is fixed, the adjusting cylinder 4 is turned on, and the angle of the swing arm 2 is adjusted so that the swing arm 2 is nearly parallel to the cutting line, that is, the lateral movement line of the waterjet cutting component 3 is parallel to the cutting line. The waterjet cutting component 3 slowly moves laterally from one end of the swing arm 2, while the waterjet nozzle 305 cuts the rock mass.

[0034] Multiple waterjet cutting devices can be used to cut the tunnel outline simultaneously.

[0035] After cutting one section, the insertion position of the bracket 1 can be changed to cut the next section of the outline.

[0036] The final cut outline is a polygonal shape that approximates an arc.

[0037] In the preferred embodiment, the bracket 1 includes a front extension crossbeam 101. The upper end of the front extension crossbeam 101 near the tunnel working face is provided with an upper crossbeam 102 and the lower end is provided with a lower extension plate 103. The insertion rod device 5 passes through the upper crossbeam 102 and is inserted into the slag discharge hole 6. The lower extension plate 103 abuts against the tunnel working face.

[0038] The waterjet cutting device is attached more stably by using an upper plug-in and lower abutment method, which prevents it from coming off.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the insertion rod device 5 includes an outer rod 501 and an inner insertion rod 502 sleeved inside the outer rod 501. One end of the outer rod 501 is provided with a plurality of elastic expansion petals 503 along the circumferential direction. The ends of the expansion petals 503 are provided with barb structures 506. The inner side of the expansion petals 503 is provided with an inner conical surface 504. One end of the inner insertion rod 502 is provided with an outer conical surface 505. The inner insertion rod 502 is inserted into the outer rod 501 so that the outer conical surface 505 presses the inner conical surface 504 to push the expansion petals 503 outward.

[0040] 501 has a large-diameter end that can form a stepped shaft, and the shaft shoulder presses on 105 to press 1 onto the working surface.

[0041] After the expansion petal 503 expands outward, the barbed structure 506 is embedded in the rock mass inside the slag discharge hole 6, forming a stable contact resistance to prevent the insertion rod device 5 from coming out of the slag discharge hole 6 during water jet cutting.

[0042] When the inner rod 502 is pulled out of the outer rod 501, the expansion petals 503 contract inward to restore their shape, the barb structure 506 disengages from the inner wall of the slag discharge hole 6, and the rod device 5 can be easily pulled out.

[0043] Multiple annular groove structures 513 can be provided on the outer wall of the inner insertion rod 502 and a friction sleeve 514 can be fitted on it to appropriately increase the contact resistance with the inner wall of the slag discharge hole 6.

[0044] To facilitate the opening of the expansion flap 503, an external thread section 515 can be provided at one end of the inner insert rod 502, and an internal thread groove 516 can be provided at the end of the outer insert rod 501. When the outer conical surface 505 contacts the inner conical surface 504, the external thread section 515 is screwed into the internal thread groove 516.

[0045] The barbed structure 506 moves in a radially outward expanding direction, which can anchor the insertion rod device 5 to the inner wall of the slag discharge hole 6. However, it lacks pre-tightening force in the depth direction of the slag discharge hole 6 and cannot ensure that the lower extension plate 103 is close to the working surface. When the water jet is cut, the bracket 1 vibrates greatly, which may cause the insertion rod device 5 to loosen.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the inner insert rod 502 has multiple through slots 507 along the circumferential direction in the middle. Each through slot 507 has a swingable anchor hook 508. The anchor hook 508 is L-shaped. One end of the anchor hook 508 has a straight hook surface 509 and a smooth arc surface 510. The other end of the anchor hook 508 is hinged to a stop surface 511 and has a stop surface 511. A stop block 512 is provided in the through slot 507, and the stop block 512 stops the stop surface 511.

[0047] When the inner rod 502 is inserted, the outer conical surface 505 presses against the smooth arc surface 510, causing the anchor hook 508 to swing out and the straight hook surface 509 to embed into the rock mass, temporarily fixing the outer rod 501 to the rock mass. Because the anchor hook 508 is in a flipping process, the reaction force applied by the rock mass is in the direction of deepening the slag discharge hole 6, allowing the hanger 1 to fit tightly against the working surface. When the inner rod 502 is withdrawn and the outer rod 501 is pulled out, the straight hook surface 509 is pushed back into the through slot 507 by the rock mass until the straight hook surface 509 is fully inserted into the through slot 507, at which point the stop surface 511 stops against the stop block 512.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the upper crossbeam 102 is provided with two strip-shaped sliding holes 104, and each strip-shaped sliding hole 104 is provided with a slidably connected transverse sliding sleeve 105. The insertion rod device 5 is sleeved with the transverse sliding sleeve 105. The extended crossbeam 101 is provided with a rotatable double-ended screw 108. The double-ended screw 108 includes a first threaded section 109 and a second threaded section 110 with opposite directions of rotation. The first threaded section 109 and the second threaded section 110 are fitted with screw nuts 111. A through connection hole 106 is provided between the extended crossbeam 101 and the upper crossbeam 102. Each screw nut 111 passes through the through connection hole 106 and is connected to each transverse sliding sleeve 105 respectively.

[0049] The double-ended lead screw 108 is connected to the front extension crossbeam 101 via front and rear supports, and its end is driven by the adjustment drive motor 107. When the double-ended lead screw 108 rotates, the two transverse sliding sleeves 105 can move in opposite directions to adjust the distance between the two insertion rod devices 5 to accommodate slag discharge holes 6 at different distances.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the waterjet cutting assembly 3 further includes a transverse base plate 301, a rotating frame 302 on the transverse base plate 301, an angle frame 303 on the rotating frame 302, one end of the angle frame 303 being hinged to the rotating frame 302, an extendable front frame 304 on the angle frame 303, a waterjet nozzle 305 on the front frame 304, and a stop wheel 306 on one side of the waterjet nozzle 305.

[0051] The lower end of the front extension frame 304 is slidably connected to the tilt frame 303 via a slide rail. The tilt frame 303 is L-shaped and has a linear hydraulic cylinder at one end to drive the front extension frame 304 to move linearly.

[0052] The mounting bracket of the abutment wheel 306 can be adjusted to extend to an adjustable length. During operation, the abutment wheel 306 abuts against the tunnel working surface, and the designed water jet nozzle 305 has a constant distance from the working surface.

[0053] The forward extension frame 304 can extend forward for processing, and the water jet nozzle 305 can rotate in both the horizontal and vertical directions to adjust the spray angle.

[0054] Because the swing arm 2 is swayable, the water jet cutting assembly 3 can be moved laterally as a whole, which can lift the water jet cutting assembly 3 to the approximate construction position. The water jet nozzle 305 itself only needs to be adjusted in a small range of angle and position.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the rotating frame 302 is provided with a rotating frame shaft 309 that is rotatably connected to the transverse base plate 301. The transverse base plate 301 is also provided with a rotating wheel 311, an eccentric hole 312, and a swing rod 310. One end of the swing rod 310 is rotatably connected to the eccentric hole 312, and the other end of the swing rod 310 is slidably connected to the rotating frame shaft 309.

[0056] The lower end of the transverse base plate 301 is also provided with another geared motor housing to drive the rotating wheel 311 to rotate, the swing arm 310 swings and drives the rotating frame shaft 309 to rotate, and adjusts the horizontal orientation of the rotating frame 302.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the rotating frame 302 away from the hinge is provided with a liftable top rod 313, and the upper end of the top rod 313 is provided with a hinged connecting rod 314, the upper end of the connecting rod 314 being hinged to the bottom end of the tilting frame 303.

[0058] The lower end of the rotating frame 302 is equipped with a short-stroke linear servo electric cylinder to drive the top rod 313 to rise and fall.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, a cylindrical body 316 is provided, with a telescopic rod 317 at one end of the cylindrical body 316. A universal joint 315 is provided at the ends of the telescopic rod 317 and the cylindrical body 316 that are far apart from each other. Each universal joint 315 is connected to the transverse base plate 301 and the forward extension frame 304 respectively. The end of the cylindrical body 316 is provided with an inlet / outlet port 319 that communicates with the interior. A liquid storage tank 321 is also provided. The inlet / outlet port 319 is connected to the liquid storage tank 321 through a pipeline. An on / off valve 320 is provided on the pipeline.

[0060] The telescopic rod 317 is slidably sleeved with the cylinder 316, and a sealing piston 318 is provided at the sleeve end.

[0061] Because the water jet nozzle 305 has a large recoil force when it is working, and the water jet nozzle 305 has many tilt adjustment mechanisms and limited structural strength, relying solely on each motor to lock the angle may cause angle jitter or creep, causing the nozzle to deviate from the predetermined position.

[0062] Therefore, a support assembly is installed between the forward extension frame 304 and the transverse base plate 301. When the water jet nozzle 305 is adjusted, the on / off valve 320 is opened to allow the liquid in the storage tank 321 to freely enter the inner cavity of the cylinder 316. The angle and total length of the cylinder 316 and the telescopic rod 317 change with the position of the water jet nozzle 305. When the water jet nozzle 305 is adjusted to the correct position, the on / off valve 320 is closed. Since the liquid fills the inner cavity of the cylinder 316, the extension length of the telescopic rod 317 is locked. The recoil force of the water jet nozzle 305 is partially transmitted to the transverse base plate 301 by the support assembly, reducing the force on each angle adjustment mechanism and stabilizing the nozzle position of the water jet nozzle 305.

[0063] In the preferred embodiment, the transverse base plate 301 is slidably connected to the guide rail slider mechanism 202, the transverse base plate 301 is provided with a transverse motor 307, the shaft end of the transverse motor 307 is provided with a drive gear 308, the swing arm frame 2 is provided with a rack 201, and the drive gear 308 meshes with the rack 201.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] A new type of safe and efficient tunnel excavation equipment and its construction method are disclosed. First, a tunnel contour forming robot is used to cut and shape the tunnel contour line, and then the tunnel face is excavated. The cutting nozzle mechanism of this tunnel contour forming robot has lateral, pitch, and rotation movements, and considering the flatness of the tunnel face, it can adaptively maintain the target distance during the cutting process, achieving precise cutting of the tunnel contour line and ensuring that over-excavation and under-excavation are within acceptable limits. During installation, it can operate automatically after being positioned with the assistance of a mobile carrier, featuring convenient installation and dismantling, flexible operation, and the ability to achieve multi-position cluster operation. Through the above application, the aim is to eliminate the damage to the surrounding rock structure caused by blasting vibration during existing tunnel excavation processes, solve the structural safety and cost problems caused by over-excavation and under-excavation, and improve the efficiency of tunnel face excavation.

[0066] The tunnel contour forming robot based on hydraulic cutting mainly consists of a support arm, a cutting arm, and a mechanical arm rotation mechanism that connects the support arm and the cutting arm.

[0067] The support arm is a long strip structure with two support legs arranged at both ends of its back side. The support legs are perpendicular to the back side of the support arm. Several retractable column heads are provided on the support legs along the axial direction, so that the nozzle can be supported on the inner wall of the hole after being inserted into the pre-set slag discharge hole on the working face.

[0068] The cutting arm is an L-shaped structure consisting of a short arm and a long arm. One end of the short arm is connected to the support arm through a rotating mechanism. A transverse track is provided on the upper side of the long arm along the long side. The nozzle working system moves in translation on the cutting arm through the transverse track.

[0069] The nozzle operating system consists of a traverse mechanism, a swing mechanism, a pitch mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and a nozzle;

[0070] The transverse mechanism consists of a transverse base and a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is located on the bottom surface of the transverse base and drives the entire nozzle operation system to move on the transverse track via a motor-driven gear. The transverse base is also equipped with a limit block that is locked to the transverse track to counteract the reaction force generated by the jet.

[0071] The swing mechanism consists of a rotary shaft, an L-shaped connecting rod, and a rotary disk; the upper end of the rotary shaft is fixed to the bottom of the pitch mechanism, and the lower part is supported by the transverse base bearing.

[0072] One end of the L-shaped connecting rod is inserted into the eccentric hole of the rotary table, and the other end is inserted into the rotary shaft. The rotation angle of the nozzle is adjusted by rotating the rotary shaft.

[0073] The telescopic base is hinged to the pitch mechanism to adjust the pitch angle of the nozzle;

[0074] The nozzle is fixed on the nozzle bracket; under the action of the telescopic mechanism, the nozzle bracket can slide left and right along the nozzle axis along the guide groove of the telescopic base; the nozzle bracket is provided with a guide wheel on the side of the nozzle; during operation, the telescopic mechanism pushes the guide wheel against the working face to ensure that the nozzle and the working face always maintain a certain target distance.

[0075] Preferably, the support leg can adopt other internal expansion structure so that the support leg can be supported on the inner wall of the hole after being inserted into the hole;

[0076] Preferably, the rotary table can be provided with insertion holes at different center distances from the rotation center to realize different swing angles of the swing mechanism;

[0077] Preferably, the guide wheel and guide wheel bracket can be set independently and separately from the nozzle bracket to adjust the jet target distance;

[0078] Preferably, the contour forming robot is electrically driven, with the power supply built into the cutting arm.

[0079] This robot uses ultra-high pressure water jet technology to cut the tunnel outline. By adjusting the rotation angle between the two robotic arms, it can cut the tunnel outline with a straight line instead of a curve. It is suitable for any cross-sectional size and has strong versatility. During installation, it can automatically operate after being positioned with the assistance of a mobile carrier, making installation and disassembly convenient. During the cutting process, the nozzle has the functions of lateral movement, pitch, and rotation, and adaptively maintains the target distance to achieve precise cutting of the tunnel outline. Multiple sets of equipment can be used for cluster cutting.

[0080] A novel tunnel contour cutting method based on ultra-high pressure water jet technology is proposed. In terms of environmental protection, the water mist generated by ultra-high pressure water jet cutting naturally removes dust, and compared to blasting methods, it does not produce toxic or harmful gases, making it green and pollution-free. Regarding quality, ultra-high pressure water jet cutting enables precise cutting of the tunnel face contour, allowing for control of tunnel over-excavation and under-excavation, reducing initial support concrete consumption, eliminating voids behind the initial support, and improving the thickness and flatness of the initial support, as well as the quality of arch splicing. In terms of safety, ultra-high pressure water jet cutting reduces vibration disturbance to the surrounding rock, lowering the risk of surrounding rock instability and initial support collapse. For hard surrounding rock, it can release some stress in high-stress sections in advance during cutting, and for weak surrounding rock, it can promptly detect convergence anomalies during cutting.

[0081] The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0082] Step S1: Based on the dimensions of the tunnel face, drill muck discharge holes along the tunnel outline at certain intervals;

[0083] Step S2: Adjust the included angle α between the support arm and the cutting arm to be consistent with the angle of the broken line formed by the three slag discharge holes of the cutting station;

[0084] Step S3: Rotate the nozzle rotation mechanism to adjust the angle between the nozzle axis and the transverse track (L), i.e., the incident angle β of the jet;

[0085] Step S4: Adjust the angle γ between the nozzle axis and the tunnel mileage direction (Z-axis) through the nozzle pitch mechanism to form a certain widening line to provide operating space for the equipment in the next cycle;

[0086] Step S5: The mobile carrier transports the robot to the cutting position, aligns the support legs with the slag discharge hole, and inserts them into the slag discharge hole. The support leg head extends out and supports the inner wall of the slag discharge hole.

[0087] Step S6: The sand and water supply pipelines are opened, and the nozzle operation system moves along the track from the tunnel face arch foot to the arch top at a preset lateral speed to cut the outline.

[0088] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting, characterized in that: Includes a hanging frame (1), a rod insertion device (5) on the hanging frame (1), one end of the rod insertion device (5) being inserted into the slag discharge hole (6), and a swing arm frame (2) at one end of the hanging frame (1), with a water jet cutting assembly (3) that can move along the length of the swing arm frame (2) on the swing arm frame (2), and the water jet cutting assembly (3) having a water jet nozzle (305); The hanger (1) and the swing arm (2) are hinged at one end. The hanger (1) is provided with a swingable adjusting cylinder (4) in the middle. The other end of the adjusting cylinder (4) is hinged to the swing arm (2). The waterjet cutting assembly (3) also includes a transverse base plate (301), a rotating frame (302) on the transverse base plate (301), an angle frame (303) on the rotating frame (302), one end of the angle frame (303) being hinged to the rotating frame (302), a forward extendable frame (304) on the angle frame (303), a waterjet nozzle (305) on the forward extendable frame (304), and a stop wheel (306) on one side of the waterjet nozzle (305); It also includes a cylinder (316), one end of which is provided with a telescopic rod (317), and the ends of the telescopic rod (317) and the cylinder (316) that are far apart are provided with universal joints (315). Each universal joint (315) is connected to the transverse base plate (301) and the front extension frame (304) respectively. The end of the cylinder (316) is provided with an inlet / outlet port (319) that communicates with the interior. It also includes a liquid storage tank (321). The inlet / outlet port (319) is connected to the liquid storage tank (321) through a pipeline. A shut-off valve (320) is provided on the pipeline.

2. The tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (1) includes a front crossbeam (101). The front crossbeam (101) has an upper crossbeam (102) on the upper end of the side closest to the tunnel working face and a lower extension plate (103) on the lower end. The insertion rod device (5) passes through the upper crossbeam (102) and is inserted into the slag discharge hole (6). The lower extension plate (103) abuts against the tunnel working face.

3. The tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insertion rod device (5) includes an outer rod (501) and an inner insertion rod (502) sleeved inside the outer rod (501). One end of the outer rod (501) is provided with multiple elastic expansion petals (503) along the circumferential direction. The end of the expansion petal (503) is provided with a barb structure (506). The inner side of the expansion petal (503) is provided with an inner conical surface (504). One end of the inner insertion rod (502) is provided with an outer conical surface (505). The inner insertion rod (502) is inserted into the outer rod (501) so that the outer conical surface (505) squeezes the inner conical surface (504) to make the expansion petals (503) open outward.

4. The tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner insert rod (502) has multiple through slots (507) in the middle along the circumference. Each through slot (507) has a swingable anchor hook (508). The anchor hook (508) is L-shaped. One end of the anchor hook (508) has a straight hook surface (509) and a smooth arc surface (510). The other end of the anchor hook (508) is hinged to the stop surface (511) and has a stop surface (511). A stop block (512) is provided in the through slot (507). The stop block (512) stops the stop surface (511).

5. The tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper crossbeam (102) is provided with two strip-shaped sliding holes (104), and each strip-shaped sliding hole (104) is provided with a slidingly connected transverse sliding sleeve (105). The insert rod device (5) is sleeved with the transverse sliding sleeve (105). The front extension crossbeam (101) is provided with a rotatable double-ended screw (108). The double-ended screw (108) includes a first thread section (109) and a second thread section (110) with opposite rotation directions. The first thread section (109) and the second thread section (110) are fitted with a thread nut (111). A through connection hole (106) is provided between the front extension crossbeam (101) and the upper crossbeam (102). Each thread nut (111) passes through the through connection hole (106) and is connected to each transverse sliding sleeve (105).

6. The tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the rotating frame (302) is provided with a rotating frame shaft (309) that is rotatably connected to the transverse base plate (301). The transverse base plate (301) is also provided with a rotating wheel (311), an eccentric hole (312) on the rotating wheel (311), and a swing rod (310). One end of the swing rod (310) is rotatably connected to the eccentric hole (312), and the other end of the swing rod (310) is slidably connected to the rotating frame shaft (309).

7. The tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating frame (302) has a liftable top rod (313) at one end away from the hinge. The top rod (313) has a hinged connecting rod (314) at the upper end. The upper end of the connecting rod (314) is hinged to the bottom end of the tilting frame (303).

8. The tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse base plate (301) is slidably connected to the guide rail slider mechanism (202). The transverse base plate (301) is equipped with a transverse motor (307), and the shaft end of the transverse motor (307) is equipped with a drive gear (308). The swing arm frame (2) is equipped with a rack (201), and the drive gear (308) meshes with the rack (201).

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