Underwater anti-explosion device and experimental method

Abstract

The invention discloses an underwater anti-explosion device and a test method, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the mass of an explosion container is increased, the structure is complex, the explosion container is difficult to carry due to an explosion container reinforcing mode in an atmospheric environment, once the explosion container is damaged, damaged parts are easy to splash in the air, and personnel and equipment are damaged. Comprising a steel cylinder, two cover plates, at least two screw rods, a sealing cylinder, a cable adapter plate and a detonator fixing rod, the two ends of the circular steel cylinder are open, a flexible detonating cord mounting hole is formed in the axis of each cover plate, an annular groove is formed in one side of each cover plate, a first sealing structure is arranged in each annular groove, the two ends of the steel cylinder extend into the annular grooves of the two cover plates respectively, and the screw penetrates through the through holes of the two cover plates to clamp the steel cylinder between the two cover plates. The sealing cylinder is connected with the other side of the cover plate, a second sealing structure is arranged between the sealing cylinder and the cover plate, one end of the sealing cylinder away from the cover plate is provided with a cable adapter plate, the detonator fixing rod is located in the sealing cylinder, and one end of the detonator fixing rod is connected with the cover plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an underwater explosion test device, in particular to an underwater explosion-proof device and an underwater explosion-proof test method using the underwater explosion-proof device. Background Art

[0002] The chemical industry often handles and destroys flammable and explosive materials during production. Scientific research in fields such as explosion mechanics and material dynamics often involves working in extreme explosive environments. Experiments in these environments typically require placing explosives in an explosion container, arranging appropriate test devices within the container, and detonating the explosives to obtain target parameters.

[0003] An explosion containment vessel is a sealed pressure vessel that limits the spread of explosive energy and prevents leakage of explosives that could damage and contaminate the surrounding environment. To improve the explosion resistance of explosion containments, prevent experiment failures due to rupture, and even endanger the lives of experimenters, and to increase the experimental yield of explosion containments, special reinforcement is required.

[0004] Currently, explosion containment systems are primarily studied in atmospheric environments. Many researchers have employed various methods to reinforce them, including concrete reinforcement near the blast center, multi-layer steel cylinder reinforcement, and steel sheet reinforcement with a specific mass. These reinforcement methods undoubtedly increase the mass and size of the containment system, leading to even greater damage if the containment system were damaged.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN109208993B discloses a multi-layer reinforced concrete composite explosion-proof chamber, comprising a main body, a reinforced concrete end plate at one end of which is connected to the main body via embedded bolts. The reinforced concrete end plate is provided with an entrance and exit, each equipped with a movable steel protective door. The main body comprises an inner and outer layer cast of reinforced concrete, and an energy-absorbing layer disposed between the inner and outer layers, wherein an energy-absorbing material is disposed within the energy-absorbing layer. This multi-layer composite structure allows the chamber to withstand certain shock wave loads and fragment penetration under internal explosions while also attenuating and reducing the outward propagation of vibration energy, achieving high resistance and high sealing reliability.

[0006] However, the above concrete structure is heavy, complex and difficult to transport. Once the concrete explodes, it will splash in the air and cause great damage to the experimenters and surrounding test equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems that the existing method of reinforcing explosion containers leads to increased mass of the explosion containers, complex structure and difficulty in transportation, and once the explosion containers are damaged, damaged parts are easily splashed in the air, causing damage to personnel and equipment, and to provide an underwater explosion-proof device and experimental method.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] An underwater explosion-proof device, which is special in that it comprises a steel cylinder, two cover plates, a sealing cylinder, and a cable adapter plate;

[0010] The steel cylinder has openings at both ends, and its radial cross-section is circular;

[0011] Define one of the two cover plates as the first cover plate and the other as the second cover plate;

[0012] A flexible explosive cable mounting hole is provided at the axis of the first cover plate, an annular groove is provided on one side of the two cover plates, and a first sealing structure is provided in the annular groove. The two ends of the steel cylinder extend into the two annular grooves respectively and are sealed with the two cover plates through the first sealing structure. At least three through holes are evenly distributed along the circumference in the annular area between the edge of each cover plate and the annular groove. The two cover plates are connected together by at least three screws, and each screw passes through two corresponding through holes.

[0013] The two protruding ends of each screw are locked by nuts so as to clamp the steel cylinder between the two cover plates;

[0014] One end of the sealing cylinder is open, and the open end is connected to the side of the first cover plate away from the steel cylinder, and a second sealing structure is provided between the two, and the other end of the sealing cylinder is provided with a cable adapter plate mounting hole;

[0015] The cable adapter plate has a twisted pair of wires, one end of the cable adapter plate is inserted into the cable adapter plate mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the sealing cylinder, and a third sealing structure is arranged between the two;

[0016] A detonator fixing rod is provided in the sealing cylinder, and one end of the detonator fixing rod is connected to the first cover plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a flexible explosive rope mounting hole is also opened at the axis center of the second cover plate, and another sealing cylinder is installed on the side of the second cover plate away from the steel cylinder. The structure of the other sealing cylinder is the same as that of the sealing cylinder, and the connection method of the other sealing cylinder to the second cover plate is the same as the connection method of the sealing cylinder to the first cover plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the first sealing structure is an O-type rubber sealing ring.

[0019] Furthermore, a first annular sealing groove is provided on the side of the cover plate away from the steel cylinder, and / or a second annular sealing groove is provided on the end face of the sealing cylinder, and one side of the second sealing structure extends into the first annular sealing groove, and / or the other side extends into the second annular sealing groove.

[0020] Furthermore, a mounting flange is provided at the open end of the sealing cylinder, and the sealing cylinder is connected to the cover plate via the mounting flange and bolts.

[0021] Furthermore, the depth of the annular groove ranges from 5 to 10 mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the radial cross-section of the cover plate is circular, square, or hexagonal.

[0023] Furthermore, the length of the steel cylinder is L, and the diameter thereof is R, and L:R=6:1.

[0024] At the same time, the present invention also provides an underwater explosion-proof test method, which uses the above-mentioned underwater explosion-proof device; the special feature of the method is that it includes the following steps:

[0025] S1: Obtain the explosives and monitoring equipment. The explosives include the explosives, detonating cord, detonator, and detonator lead, connected in sequence. Install the explosives in the center of the steel cylinder. Install the monitoring equipment and two covers. Pass the detonating cord through the first cover and tighten the nuts on both ends of the screw. Secure the detonator to the detonator mounting rod. Connect the detonator lead to one end of the twisted pair cable on the cable adapter plate. Finally, install the monitoring equipment.

[0026] S2: Obtain the detonator and connect the other end of the twisted pair cable to the detonator cable of the detonator. The installation is complete.

[0027] S3: Obtain an experimental container, place the installed underwater explosion-proof device in the experimental container, and fill the experimental container with water until the distance between the water surface and the axis of the steel cylinder is N. Stop filling water. The diameter of the steel cylinder is R, and N is greater than or equal to 1.5R.

[0028] S4: After debugging and monitoring equipment, detonate explosives, obtain target parameters, and complete underwater explosion resistance test.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S3, the underwater explosion-proof device is placed in the experimental container through a supporting device.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the underwater explosion-proof device and experimental method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The underwater explosion-proof device of the present invention is specially made for underwater explosion-proof experiments. Water, as a restraining medium, can effectively restrain the deformation of the explosion-proof device under the action of internal explosion, thereby improving the explosion-proof capability of the explosion-proof device.

[0032] 2. The underwater explosion-proof device of the present invention has a separate design of the steel cylinder and the cover plate, which can effectively solve the transportation problem; an annular groove is opened on the cover plate, and a first sealing structure is set in the annular groove. The design scheme of extending the steel cylinder into the annular groove makes the sealing better, and when the steel cylinder is deformed after the explosion, the cover plate and the steel cylinder will not be separated, so that the sealing performance before and after the explosion is effectively guaranteed.

[0033] 3. The underwater explosion-proof device of the present invention is fixed at both ends by screws, and the steel cylinder is clamped between the two cover plates, which can achieve effective installation and fixation; at the same time, during the explosion process, the screws effectively suppress the deformation of the steel cylinder.

[0034] 4. The underwater explosion-proof device of the present invention has a flexible explosive cable mounting hole on the cover plate and an additional sealing cylinder design to improve the sealing performance of the steel cylinder. The opening diameter of the flexible explosive cable is much smaller than the opening diameter of the cable adapter plate mounting hole on the sealing cylinder, forming a double sealing structure, which greatly improves the sealing performance of the steel cylinder containing explosives.

[0035] 5. The underwater explosion-proof device of the present invention has an O-type rubber sealing ring, which wraps the end of the steel cylinder extending into the annular groove, thereby improving the sealing performance between the steel cylinder and the cover plate.

[0036] 6. The underwater explosion-proof device of the present invention has a circular cover plate, which can save materials and facilitate processing; the cover plate is designed to be square or hexagonal, and one side thereof can be used as a support base, which can save additional support devices.

[0037] 7. The underwater explosion-proof test method of the present invention has accurate target parameter monitoring values and a larger test equivalent under the same device conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an underwater explosion-proof device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure Number:

[0040] 1-steel cylinder; 2-cover plate; 3-first sealing structure; 4-screw; 5-nut; 6-second sealing structure; 7-detonator fixing rod; 8-sealing cylinder; 9-bolt; 10-third sealing structure; 11-cable adapter plate; 12-explosive; 13-detonator; 14-flexible explosive cord; 15-detonating cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, to improve the explosion resistance of an explosion-proof device, the present invention designs an underwater explosion-proof device. The device is unique in that it includes a steel cylinder 1, a cover plate 2, a first sealing structure 3, a screw 4, a nut 5, a second sealing structure 6, a detonator fixing rod 7, a sealing cylinder 8, a bolt 9, a third sealing structure 10, and a cable adapter plate 11. The explosion-proof device is placed in water, and the water, as a constraining medium, effectively constrains the deformation of the explosion-proof device under the action of an internal explosion, thereby improving the explosion resistance of the device.

[0043] The steel cylinder 1 has openings at both ends and a circular radial cross-section. The cover plate 2 has a flexible explosive cable mounting hole at its axis. An annular groove is provided on the side of the cover plate 2 proximal to the steel cylinder 1. The depth of the annular groove ranges from 5 to 10 mm. This annular groove depth effectively ensures that the steel cylinder and the cover plate will not separate after explosion and reduces the maximum thickness of the cover plate 2 to a certain extent. A first sealing structure 3 is provided within each annular groove. The ends of the steel cylinder 1 extend into the annular grooves of the two cover plates 2, respectively, and abut against the first sealing structure 3. The annular region between the edge of the cover plate 2 and the annular groove has at least two through-holes, which are evenly spaced along the circumference of the annular region. Each through-hole on each cover plate 2 corresponds to the screw 4. A blind hole is provided on the side of the cover plate 2 facing away from the steel cylinder 1. A first annular sealing groove is provided on the side of the cover plate 2 facing away from the steel cylinder 1, and / or a second annular sealing groove is provided on the end surface of the sealing cylinder 8. One end of the second sealing structure 6 extends into the first annular sealing groove, and / or the other end extends into the second annular sealing groove. The symmetrical design of the two ends of the steel cylinder 1 ensures a more balanced force distribution across the entire explosion-proof device, preventing severe damage to the steel cylinder 1 from a local explosion. Furthermore, the separate design of the steel cylinder 1 and the cover plate 2 effectively solves the problem of handling. The design of an annular groove formed on the cover plate 2, within which the first sealing structure 3 is positioned, and into which the steel cylinder 1 is inserted, further improves sealing performance. Furthermore, if the steel cylinder 1 deforms after an explosion, the cover plate 2 will not separate from the steel cylinder 1, effectively ensuring sealing performance before and after the explosion.

[0044] The radial cross section of the cover plate 2 is circular, square, or hexagonal.

[0045] The length of the steel cylinder 1 is L, and its diameter is R, and L:R=6:1.

[0046] The first sealing structure 3 is an annular rubber seal with a single U-shaped axial cross-section, which fits within the annular groove. This U-shaped seal wraps around the end of the steel cylinder 1 that extends into the annular groove from three sides, improving the seal between the cylinder 1 and the cover plate 2. Designing the cover plate 2 as a circular shape saves material and facilitates processing. Designing the cover plate 2 as a square or hexagonal shape allows one side of the cover plate to serve as a support base, eliminating the need for additional support devices.

[0047] Each screw rod 4 passes through a through hole in each of the two cover plates 2, and the two protruding ends of each screw rod 4 are locked by nuts 5 so that the steel cylinder 1 can be clamped between the two cover plates 2. By fixing the two ends with at least two screw rods 4, the steel cylinder 1 is clamped between the two cover plates, which can not only complete the effective installation and fixation, but also effectively suppress the deformation of the steel cylinder 1 during the explosion. For example, the axial force generated by the explosion can be unloaded by the screw rod, and the radial force generated by the explosion can be blocked by more screw rods 4. The more screw rods 4 are designed, the greater the resistance, the smaller the deformation of the steel cylinder 1, and the stronger the explosion resistance.

[0048] The sealing cylinder 8 is connected to the side of the cover plate 2 away from the steel cylinder 1, and a second sealing structure 6 is provided between the two. A cable adapter plate mounting hole is provided at the end of the sealing cylinder 8 away from the cover plate 2. The cable adapter plate 11 has a twisted pair of wires. One end of the cable adapter plate 11 is inserted into the cable adapter plate mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the sealing cylinder 8. A third sealing structure 10 is provided between the sealing cylinder 8 and the cable adapter plate 11. Providing a flexible explosive cable mounting hole on the cover plate 2 can enhance the design of the sealing cylinder and improve the sealing performance of the steel cylinder. Because the opening diameter of the flexible explosive cable is much smaller than the opening diameter of the cable adapter plate mounting hole provided on the sealing cylinder 8, the double sealing structure greatly improves the sealing performance of the steel cylinder 1 containing explosives. The second sealing structure 6 and the third sealing structure 10 are both made of rubber.

[0049] The open end of the sealing cylinder 8 is provided with a mounting flange, and the sealing cylinder 8 is connected to the cover plate 2 via the mounting flange and bolts 9 .

[0050] The detonator fixing rod 7 is located in the sealing cylinder 8, and one end of the rod is connected to the cover plate 2. The rod 7 and the sealing cylinder 8 can be detachably connected. When only one end needs to be installed with the detonator 13, the other end does not need to be installed with the rod 7, which saves installation steps and makes installation more convenient and quick.

[0051] The present invention also provides an underwater explosion-proof test method, which uses the above-mentioned underwater explosion-proof device; the special feature of the method is that it includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Obtain explosives and monitoring equipment. The explosives include explosive 12, soft explosive cord 14, detonator 13, and detonator lead, which are connected in sequence. Install explosive 12 at the center of steel cylinder 1. Install monitoring equipment and cover plate 2. Pass soft explosive cord 14 through cover plate 2 and tighten nuts 5 at both ends of screw 4. Secure detonator 13 to detonator fixing rod 7. Connect the detonator lead to one end of the twisted pair cable on cable adapter plate 11.

[0053] S2: Obtain the detonator and connect the other end of the twisted pair to the detonator cable 15 of the detonator. The installation is complete.

[0054] S3: Obtain an experimental container, place the installed underwater explosion-proof device in the experimental container, and fill the experimental container with water until the distance between the water surface and the axis of the steel cylinder 1 is 50 cm, then stop filling water;

[0055] S4: After debugging and monitoring equipment, detonate explosives, obtain target parameters, and complete underwater explosion resistance test.

[0056] Wherein, in step S3, the underwater explosion-proof device is placed in the experimental container through the supporting device.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An underwater explosion-proof device, characterized in that: It comprises a steel cylinder (1), two cover plates (2), a sealing cylinder (8) and a cable adapter plate (11); The steel cylinder (1) is open at both ends, and its radial cross section is circular; One of the two cover plates (2) is defined as a first cover plate, and the other is defined as a second cover plate; A flexible explosive cable mounting hole is provided at the axis of the first cover plate, an annular groove is provided on one side of the two cover plates (2), and a first sealing structure (3) is provided in the annular groove. The two ends of the steel cylinder (1) extend into the two annular grooves respectively and are sealed with the two cover plates (2) through the first sealing structure (3). At least three through holes are evenly distributed along the circumference in the annular area between the edge of each cover plate (2) and the annular groove. The two cover plates (2) are connected together by at least three screws (4), and each screw (4) passes through two corresponding through holes. The two protruding ends of each screw (4) are locked by nuts (5) so as to clamp the steel cylinder (1) between the two cover plates (2); One end of the sealing cylinder (8) is open, and the open end is connected to the side of the first cover plate away from the steel cylinder (1), and a second sealing structure (6) is provided between the two. The other end of the sealing cylinder (8) is provided with a cable adapter plate mounting hole; The cable adapter plate (11) has a twisted pair of wires, one end of the cable adapter plate (11) is inserted into the cable adapter plate mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the sealing cylinder (8), and a third sealing structure (10) is arranged between the two. A detonator fixing rod (7) is provided in the sealing cylinder (8), and one end of the detonator fixing rod (7) is connected to the first cover plate.

2. The underwater explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible explosive cable mounting hole is also provided at the axis of the second cover plate. Another sealing cylinder is installed on the side of the second cover plate away from the steel cylinder (1). The structure of the other sealing cylinder is the same as that of the sealing cylinder (8), and the connection method of the other sealing cylinder to the second cover plate is the same as the connection method of the sealing cylinder (8) to the first cover plate.

3. The underwater explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing structure (3) is an O-type rubber sealing ring.

4. The underwater explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first annular sealing groove is provided on the side of the cover plate (2) away from the steel cylinder (1), and / or a second annular sealing groove is provided on the end face of the sealing cylinder (8), and one side of the second sealing structure (6) extends into the first annular sealing groove, and / or the other side extends into the second annular sealing groove.

5. The underwater explosion-proof device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The open end of the sealing cylinder (8) is provided with a mounting flange, and the sealing cylinder (8) is connected to the cover plate (2) via the mounting flange and bolts (9).

6. The underwater explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the annular groove ranges from 5 to 10 mm.

7. The underwater explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial cross section of the cover plate (2) is circular, square, or hexagonal.

8. The underwater explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the steel cylinder (1) is L, and its diameter is R, with L:R=6:

1.

9. An underwater explosion-proof test method, using the underwater explosion-proof device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain explosives and monitoring equipment. The explosives include explosives (12), soft explosive cord (14), detonator (13) and detonator lead connected in sequence. Install the explosives (12) at the center of the steel cylinder (1). Install the monitoring equipment and two cover plates (2). Pass the soft explosive cord (14) through the first cover plate and tighten the nuts (5) at both ends of the screw rod (4). Fix the detonator (13) on the detonator fixing rod (7). Connect the detonator lead to one end of the twisted pair on the cable adapter plate (11). S2: Obtain the detonator and connect the other end of the twisted pair to the detonator cable (15) of the detonator to complete the installation; S3: Obtain an experimental container, place the installed underwater explosion-proof device in the experimental container, and inject water into the experimental container until the distance between the water surface and the axis of the steel cylinder (1) is N, then stop injecting water. The diameter of the steel cylinder (1) is R, and N is greater than or equal to 1.5R. S4: After debugging and monitoring equipment to be normal, detonate explosives (12), obtain target parameters, and complete the underwater explosion resistance test.

10. The underwater explosion-proof test method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, the underwater explosion-proof device is placed in the experimental container through a supporting device.

Images