An adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of meteorological observation technology, and in particular to an adaptive collaborative observation method for a landfalling typhoon. The method comprises obtaining the central coordinates and maximum wind speed radius of a landfalling typhoon, dividing the typhoon circulation observed by an operational weather radar mosaic into an inner core area and an outer rain belt area; identifying strong convective targets in the outer rain belt area according to the weather radar mosaic; dispatching weather radars with collaborative observation capabilities to perform collaborative observation of the landfalling typhoon circulation, with the inner core area of ​​the typhoon circulation serving as a first scanning object and the strong convective targets in the outer rain belt serving as a second scanning object; adopting different observation strategies for the first and second scanning objects of the typhoon circulation; and improving the disaster monitoring capability of a landfalling typhoon by dividing the scanning range into multiple scanning sectors and adopting different scanning strategies for different scanning objects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of meteorological observation technology, and in particular to a method for adaptive collaborative observation of a landfalling typhoon. Background Art

[0002] A landfalling typhoon is a typical high-impact disastrous weather process with a complex structure, variable scales, and dramatic changes in wind and rain intensity. Especially in the phases approaching land and making landfall, the typhoon core (eye and eyewall) and the outer severe convective systems (such as spiral rainbands and precipitation belts) often coexist, posing a challenge to traditional radar observation methods.

[0003] Traditional weather radars scan typhoons using the same method. However, the characteristics of a typhoon's core (eye and eyewall) and its surrounding severe convective systems (such as spiral rainbands and precipitation belts) are different. If the same method is used for scanning, it is often difficult to balance the observation range and accuracy in key areas, resulting in inaccurate information. Therefore, an adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons is needed that can scan the typhoon's core and surrounding severe convective systems separately using different methods, thereby achieving better observation results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons that can scan the typhoon core and peripheral severe convective systems separately in different ways, thereby achieving better observation effects.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] An adaptive collaborative observation method for a landfalling typhoon, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Obtain the center coordinates and maximum wind speed radius of the landfalling typhoon, and divide the typhoon circulation in the operational weather radar mosaic into an inner core region and an outer rain belt region, using 1.5 times the maximum wind speed radius as the boundary; and identify several strong convective targets in the outer rain belt region;

[0008] Step 2: Obtain the scanning range of the collaborative observation radar. Overlap the scanning range with the operational weather radar mosaic using the center coordinates of the landfalling typhoon. The core area overlapping with the scanning range is the first scanning object, and the strong convective target overlapping with the scanning range is the second scanning object. Divide the scanning range into multiple scanning sectors with the center of the scanning range as the starting point, and each scanning sector covers one scanning object. When there are multiple scanning objects before and after a scanning sector, determine whether the multiple scanning objects are all second scanning objects. If so, they are considered as one second scanning object. Otherwise, the scanning object closer to the center is the priority scanning object.

[0009] Step 3: When the scanning object of the scanning sector is the first scanning object, scanning is performed using the first scanning strategy; when the scanning object of the scanning sector is the second scanning object, scanning is performed using the second scanning strategy; the first scanning strategy and the second scanning strategy are different;

[0010] Step 4: After the operational weather radar mosaic is updated, re-execute steps 1 to 3.

[0011] Preferably, the first scanning strategy includes: according to the maximum tangential wind speed of the landing typhoon , adjust the radar's PRF and repetition rate to ensure the complete detection of the core area, so that the radar's maximum unambiguous speed .

[0012] Preferably, the second scanning strategy is a fast scanning mode of the radar.

[0013] Preferably, the fast scanning mode includes wide transmission and narrow reception or frequency phase scanning, while increasing the number of elevation angles and improving spatial resolution.

[0014] Preferably, the radar is a phased array radar.

[0015] Preferably, the phased array radar adopts S band.

[0016] Preferably, when there are multiple scanning objects before and after a scanning sector, it is determined whether the multiple scanning objects are all second scanning objects. If so, they are regarded as one second scanning object. If not, the scanning object closest to the center of the circle is regarded as the priority scanning object, and the other scanning objects are regarded as waiting scanning objects.

[0017] Get the scanning range of other radars and determine whether the object to be scanned is within the scanning range of other radars. If so, use other radars to scan the object to be scanned. If not, do nothing.

[0018] Preferably, the method for identifying several severe convective targets in the outer rain belt area includes a fixed threshold method and an adaptive threshold method;

[0019] The fixed threshold method includes the TITAN method, and the adaptive threshold method includes the TOBAC method.

[0020] Preferably, the TITAN method comprises:

[0021] The weather radar three-dimensional mosaic product is used to calculate radar parameters, including echo top height and vertical liquid water content. The connected areas of the above weather radar parameters that are greater than the threshold and located in the outer rain belt are extracted, and the central coordinates of the connected areas are calculated as the identification results of strong convective targets in the outer rain belt.

[0022] Preferably, the threshold is 35 dBZ.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by dividing the scanning range into multiple scanning sectors, it is not necessary to scan the entire typhoon, but only to scan the key areas containing the scanning objects, which can greatly improve the scanning efficiency; and by adopting different scanning strategies for different scanning objects, there is no need for the traditional scanning method of using one scanning strategy to scan the entire typhoon, which can improve the scanning accuracy, that is, the detection capability of typhoon intensity can be improved when observing the inner core area, and the refinement of convective observation for strong convective targets can be improved, thereby achieving the simultaneous realization of high precision and high efficiency, and at the same time reducing radar energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the division of the inner core area and the outer rain belt area of ​​a landfall typhoon adaptive collaborative observation method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a landfall typhoon cooperative adaptive observation method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention (the green circle represents the radar's scanning range; the red area represents scanning sector S1, within which a first scanning strategy (which can be named kernel mode) is used for scanning; the yellow area represents scanning sectors S2-4, within which a second scanning strategy (which can be named severe convection mode) is used for scanning);

[0026] Explanation of labels: 1. Inner core area; 2. Outer rain belt area; 3. Severe convective target. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To illustrate the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is given in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 , an adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons, comprising:

[0029] Step 1: Obtain the center coordinates and maximum wind speed radius of the landfalling typhoon, and divide the typhoon circulation in the operational weather radar mosaic into an inner core region 1 and an outer rain belt region 2, using 1.5 times the maximum wind speed radius as the boundary; and identify several strong convective targets in the outer rain belt region 3;

[0030] Step 2: Obtain the scanning range of the collaborative observation radar. Overlap the scanning range with the operational weather radar mosaic using the center coordinates of the landfalling typhoon. The core area 1 overlapping with the scanning range is the first scanning object, and the severe convective target 3 overlapping with the scanning range is the second scanning object. Divide the scanning range into multiple scanning sectors with the center of the scanning range as the starting point, and each scanning sector covers one scanning object. When there are multiple scanning objects before and after a scanning sector, determine whether the multiple scanning objects are all second scanning objects. If so, they are considered as one second scanning object. Otherwise, the scanning object closer to the center is the priority scanning object.

[0031] Step 3: When the scanning object of the scanning sector is the first scanning object, scanning is performed using the first scanning strategy; when the scanning object of the scanning sector is the second scanning object, scanning is performed using the second scanning strategy; the first scanning strategy and the second scanning strategy are different;

[0032] Step 4: After the operational weather radar mosaic is updated, re-execute steps 1 to 3.

[0033] From the above description, it can be seen that by dividing the scanning range into multiple scanning sectors, it is not necessary to scan the entire typhoon. As long as the key areas containing the scanning objects are scanned, the scanning efficiency can be greatly improved; and different scanning strategies are adopted by different scanning objects, and there is no need for the traditional scanning method to scan the entire typhoon with one scanning strategy, which can improve the scanning accuracy. That is, when observing the inner core area, the detection capability of the typhoon intensity can be improved, and for strong convective targets, the degree of refinement of convective observation can be improved, thereby achieving the simultaneous realization of high precision and high efficiency, and at the same time reducing radar energy consumption.

[0034] Furthermore, the first scanning strategy includes: obtaining the maximum tangential wind speed of the landing typhoon , adjust the radar's PRF and repetition rate to ensure the complete detection of the core area, so that the radar's maximum unambiguous speed .

[0035] From the above description, we can see that the maximum unambiguous speed , which can improve the ability to detect typhoon intensity.

[0036] Furthermore, the second scanning strategy is a fast scanning mode of the radar.

[0037] Furthermore, the fast scanning mode includes wide transmission and narrow reception or frequency and phase scanning, while increasing the number of elevation angles and spatial resolution.

[0038] From the above description, it can be seen that by increasing the number of elevation angles and spatial resolution, the refinement of severe convection observations can be improved.

[0039] Furthermore, the radar is a phased array radar.

[0040] Furthermore, the phased array radar adopts S band.

[0041] From the above description, it can be seen that by adopting the band phased array weather radar, it has technical advantages such as fast scanning speed, fast beam change, and support for regional partition scanning. It can switch different scanning strategies when selecting different scanning objects, thereby improving response speed and switching efficiency.

[0042] Furthermore, when there are multiple scanning objects before and after a scanning sector, it is determined whether the multiple scanning objects are all second scanning objects. If so, they are considered as one second scanning object. If not, the scanning object closest to the center of the circle is the priority scanning object, and the other scanning objects are waiting scanning objects.

[0043] Get the scanning range of other radars and determine whether the object to be scanned is within the scanning range of other radars. If so, use other radars to scan the object to be scanned. If not, do nothing.

[0044] From the above description, it can be seen that other radars can be used to quickly and comprehensively scan the landing typhoon, reduce the occurrence of omissions, and improve the accuracy of the forecast.

[0045] Furthermore, the methods used to identify several severe convective targets in the outer rainband area include fixed threshold method and adaptive threshold method;

[0046] The fixed threshold method includes the TITAN method, and the adaptive threshold method includes the TOBAC method.

[0047] Furthermore, the TITAN method includes:

[0048] The weather radar three-dimensional mosaic product is used to calculate radar parameters, including echo top height and vertical liquid water content. The connected areas of the above weather radar parameters that are greater than the threshold and located in the outer rain belt are extracted, and the central coordinates of the connected areas are calculated as the identification results of strong convective targets in the outer rain belt.

[0049] Furthermore, the threshold is 35 dBZ.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] An adaptive collaborative observation method for a landfalling typhoon, comprising:

[0052] Step 1: Obtain the center coordinates and maximum wind speed radius of the landfalling typhoon, and divide the typhoon circulation in the operational weather radar mosaic into an inner core region and an outer rain belt region, using 1.5 times the maximum wind speed radius as the boundary; and identify several strong convective targets in the outer rain belt region;

[0053] Step 2: Obtain the scanning range of the collaborative observation radar. Overlap the scanning range with the operational weather radar mosaic using the center coordinates of the landfalling typhoon. The core area overlapping with the scanning range is the first scanning object, and the strong convective target overlapping with the scanning range is the second scanning object. Divide the scanning range into multiple scanning sectors with the center of the scanning range as the starting point, and each scanning sector covers one scanning object. When there are multiple scanning objects before and after a scanning sector, determine whether the multiple scanning objects are all second scanning objects. If so, they are considered as one second scanning object. Otherwise, the scanning object closer to the center is the priority scanning object.

[0054] Step 3: When the scanning object of the scanning sector is the first scanning object, the first scanning strategy is used for scanning; when the scanning object of the scanning sector is the second scanning object, the second scanning strategy is used for scanning; the first scanning strategy and the second scanning strategy are different; the first scanning strategy includes: obtaining the maximum tangential wind speed of the typhoon , adjust the radar's PRF and repetition rate to ensure the complete detection of the core area, so that the radar's maximum unambiguous speed The second scanning strategy is the radar's fast scanning mode. The fast scanning mode includes wide transmission and narrow reception or frequency phase scanning, while increasing the number of elevation angles and spatial resolution. The first scanning strategy can also be named kernel mode and the second scanning strategy can be named strong convection mode.

[0055] Step 4: After the operational weather radar mosaic is updated, re-execute steps 1 to 3.

[0056] in,

[0057] The radar is a phased array radar, which uses the S band.

[0058] When there are multiple scanning objects in front and behind in a scanning sector, it is determined whether the multiple scanning objects are all second scanning objects. If so, they are regarded as one second scanning object. If not, the scanning object closest to the center of the circle is the priority scanning object, and the other scanning objects are waiting scanning objects.

[0059] Get the scanning range of other radars and determine whether the object to be scanned is within the scanning range of other radars. If so, use other radars to scan the object to be scanned. If not, do nothing.

[0060] The methods used to identify several severe convective targets in the outer rainband area include fixed threshold method;

[0061] The fixed threshold method includes the TITAN method, and the TITAN method includes:

[0062] The radar parameters, including echo top height and vertical liquid water content, were calculated using the weather radar 3D mosaic product. The connected areas with a value greater than 35 dBZ and located in the outer rain belt were extracted from the above weather radar parameters, and the central coordinates of the connected areas were calculated as the identification results of the severe convective targets in the outer rain belt.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] A method for adaptive collaborative observation of a landfalling typhoon is provided. The same aspects as those of the first embodiment are not described in detail herein.

[0065] The method used to identify several severe convective targets in the outer rainband area is an adaptive threshold method; the adaptive threshold method includes the tobacco method.

[0066] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adaptive collaborative observation of landfalling typhoons, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Obtain the center coordinates and maximum wind speed radius of the landfalling typhoon, and divide the typhoon circulation in the operational weather radar mosaic into an inner core region and an outer rain belt region, using 1.5 times the maximum wind speed radius as the boundary; and identify several strong convective targets in the outer rain belt region; Step 2: Obtain the scanning range of the collaborative observation radar. Overlap the scanning range with the operational weather radar mosaic using the center coordinates of the landfalling typhoon. The core area overlapping with the scanning range is the first scanning object, and the strong convective target overlapping with the scanning range is the second scanning object. Divide the scanning range into multiple scanning sectors with the center of the scanning range as the starting point, and each scanning sector covers one scanning object. When there are multiple scanning objects before and after a scanning sector, determine whether the multiple scanning objects are all second scanning objects. If so, they are considered as one second scanning object. Otherwise, the scanning object closer to the center is the priority scanning object. Step 3: When the scanning object of the scanning sector is the first scanning object, the first scanning strategy is used for scanning; when the scanning object of the scanning sector is the second scanning object, the second scanning strategy is used for scanning; the first scanning strategy and the second scanning strategy are different; the first scanning strategy includes: according to the maximum tangential wind speed of the landing typhoon , adjust the radar's PRF and repetition rate to ensure the complete detection of the core area, so that the radar's maximum unambiguous speed ; The second scanning strategy is a fast scanning mode of the radar, which includes wide transmission and narrow reception or frequency and phase scanning, while increasing the number of elevation angles and spatial resolution; Step 4: After the operational weather radar mosaic is updated, re-execute steps 1 to 3.

2. The adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radar is a phased array radar.

3. The adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phased array radar adopts S band.

4. The adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are multiple scanning objects in front and behind in a scanning sector, it is determined whether the multiple scanning objects are all second scanning objects. If so, they are regarded as one second scanning object. If not, the scanning object closest to the center of the circle is the priority scanning object, and the other scanning objects are waiting scanning objects. Get the scanning range of other radars and determine whether the object to be scanned is within the scanning range of other radars. If so, use other radars to scan the object to be scanned. If not, do nothing.

5. The adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methods used to identify several severe convective targets in the outer rainband area include fixed threshold method and adaptive threshold method; The fixed threshold method includes the TITAN method, and the adaptive threshold method includes the TOBAC method.

6. The adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons according to claim 5, characterized in that: The TITAN method includes: The operational weather radar mosaic is used to calculate radar parameters, including echo top height and vertical liquid water content. The connected areas of the above radar parameters that are greater than the threshold and located in the outer rain belt are extracted, and the central coordinates of the connected areas are calculated as the identification results of strong convective targets in the outer rain belt.

7. The adaptive collaborative observation method for landfalling typhoons according to claim 6, characterized in that: The threshold is 35dBZ.

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