Residual stress eliminating device for metal 3D printing piece

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal 3D printing piece residual stress eliminating device, and relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing aftertreatment, the metal 3D printing piece residual stress eliminating device comprises supports, a platform and a vibration bin, the vibration bin penetrates through the middle of the platform and is movably connected with the platform, the supports are connected to the two ends of the platform, a Z-axis directional vibration mechanism is arranged on the platform, and a double-pendulum vibration mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the vibration bin; and a self-adaptive clamping jaw mechanism and an ejector pin mechanism are arranged above the double-pendulum vibration mechanism. Through self-adaptive clamping, the stability of a workpiece is ensured, the synergistic effect of Z-axis directional vibration (providing strong vertical impact and accurately adjusting the amplitude on line) and independent and controllable double-pendulum multidirectional vibration is achieved, the composite vibration mode efficiently excites a metal internal microstructure in a three-dimensional space, residual stress is promoted to be fully released, and the mechanical performance of the workpiece is improved. And through precise limiting and damping design, it is ensured that energy is effectively transmitted, equipment runs stably, the whole process is efficient and controllable, and the device is suitable for metal 3D printing pieces in complex shapes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing post-processing, and in particular to a device for eliminating residual stress of a metal 3D printed part. Background Art

[0002] Metal 3D-printed parts generate high residual stress in the Z-axis due to layer-by-layer stacking, which can easily lead to deformation and cracking. Traditional heat treatment methods are energy-intensive and require long cycles; mechanical vibration methods suffer from uncontrollable direction and imprecise frequency adjustment. Existing technical limitations include: general-purpose vibration tables cannot achieve directional Z-axis vibration; vibration amplitude and frequency adjustment rely on hardware replacement, resulting in limited flexibility; and complex workpieces require custom fixtures, which lack adaptability.

[0003] Therefore, a residual stress elimination device for metal 3D printed parts is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for eliminating residual stress of metal 3D printed parts to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for eliminating residual stress of metal 3D printed parts, comprising a bracket, a platform, and a vibration chamber, wherein the vibration chamber passes through the middle of the platform and is movably connected thereto, the bracket being connected to both ends of the platform, a Z-axis directional vibration mechanism being provided on the platform, a double pendulum vibration mechanism being provided at the lower portion of the vibration chamber, and an adaptive clamping mechanism and an ejector mechanism being provided above the double pendulum vibration mechanism; The Z-axis directional vibration mechanism includes a first limiting column, a second limiting column, a first shock-absorbing spring, a second shock-absorbing spring, a rocker motor and an adjustable vibration rocker arm. The bracket is a vertical structure, and its upper and lower ends have Y-shaped cross-sections. The first limiting column is provided at both ends of the platform. The first limiting column passes through the platform and the end is connected to the bracket. The surface of the first limiting column is sleeved with a first shock-absorbing spring. The outer surface of the vibration bin is connected to the platform through a spring. Four second limiting columns are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the platform along the circumference of the vibration bin. The second limiting column abuts against the surface of the vibration bin. The outer surface of the second limiting column is sleeved with a second shock-absorbing spring. The front and rear surfaces of the platform are fixedly connected to the rocker motor; The adjustable vibrating rocker arm includes a hollow rocker arm shaft, a top screw at the top of the rocker arm shaft, a first motor inside the rocker arm shaft, a slide rail along the outer circumference of the rocker arm shaft, a screw connected to the output end of the first motor, and a counterweight slider slidably connected to the slide rail and driven by the screw rod driven by the first motor. The rocker arm shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the rocker arm motor through the top screw.

[0006] Further preferably, the double pendulum vibration mechanism includes a mounting platform located at the bottom of the vibration bin, rotating motor 1 and rotating motor 2 fixedly connected to the mounting platform, a first drive gear and a second drive gear respectively connected to the output ends of rotating motor 1 and rotating motor 2, a first pendulum and a second pendulum rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting platform, a first transmission gear being provided at the end of the rotating shaft of the first pendulum, a second transmission gear being provided at the end of the rotating shaft of the second pendulum, the first transmission gear being meshed with the first drive gear, and the second transmission gear being meshed with the second drive gear.

[0007] Preferably, the first pendulum and the second pendulum have the same weight.

[0008] Preferably, the adaptive clamping mechanism includes a disc base, a second motor fixedly connected to the bottom of the disc base, a disc wheel embedded in the disc base and connected to the output end of the second motor, a sliding clamp slidably connected to the disc wheel, and a guide rail cover plate arranged above the disc wheel.

[0009] Preferably, the ejector mechanism includes a guide rail fixedly connected to the upper portion of the inner wall of the vibration chamber, a sliding needle block slidably connected to the guide rail, and a steel needle detachable from the sliding needle block.

[0010] Preferably, the guide rails are four in number, and the guide rails are connected to the inner wall of the vibration chamber by screws.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding needle block is configured to include an upper needle block and a lower needle block, the upper needle block and the lower needle block are connected by a mortise and tenon structure, and threaded holes are provided on one side of the upper needle block and the lower needle block, and the steel needle is threadedly connected to the threaded holes of the upper needle block and the lower needle block.

[0012] Preferably, a door is provided on the outer surface of the vibration chamber.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention are: 1. The present invention uses the synergistic effect of Z-axis directional vibration and multi-directional pendulum vibration to more thoroughly eliminate residual stress in all directions inside complex metal 3D printed parts; the Z-axis amplitude can be adjusted steplessly online; the speed and phase of the dual pendulums are independently adjustable to generate a variety of vibration modes; the clamping jaws and ejector pins can adapt to different workpieces; the precise limit shock absorption design, pendulum dynamic balance design, and stable ejector pin connection method ensure smooth equipment operation and effective transmission of vibration energy while protecting the workpiece and the equipment itself; the adaptive clamping jaws and adjustable ejector pin design enable them to handle metal prints of various shapes and sizes; the design of the rocker arm and steel needle takes into account the convenience of installation, adjustment, and replacement; these effects work together to significantly improve the efficiency, quality, and scope of application of residual stress elimination in metal 3D printed parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments described in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the plane layout of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable vibration rocker arm of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the adjustable vibration rocker arm of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the double pendulum vibration mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the adaptive clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ejector mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the sliding needle block of the present invention.

[0016] Description of reference numerals: 1. Bracket; 2. Platform; 3. Vibration chamber; 4. First limiting column; 5. Second limiting column; 6. First damping spring; 7. Second damping spring; 8. Rocker motor; 9. Adjustable vibration rocker; 10. Chamber door; 901. Rocker shaft; 902. Top screw; 903. First motor; 904. Slide rail; 905. Screw rod; 906. Counterweight slider; 1001. Mounting table; 1002. Rotating motor 1; 1003. Rotating motor Machine 2; 1004, first drive gear; 1005, second drive gear; 1006, first pendulum; 1007, second pendulum; 1008, first transmission gear; 1009, second transmission gear; 1101, disc base; 1102, second motor; 1103, disc wheel; 1104, sliding clamp; 1105, cover with guide rail; 1201, guide rail; 1202, sliding needle block; 1203, steel needle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figure 1-3As shown, a residual stress elimination device for metal 3D printed parts includes a bracket 1, a platform 2, and a vibration chamber 3. The vibration chamber 3 runs through the middle of the platform 2 and is movably connected to it. The bracket 1 is connected to both ends of the platform 2. A Z-axis directional vibration mechanism is provided on the platform 2. A double pendulum vibration mechanism is provided at the bottom of the vibration chamber 3. An adaptive clamping mechanism and an ejector mechanism are provided above the double pendulum vibration mechanism. The Z-axis directional vibration mechanism provides a strong vertical impact, and the double pendulum vibration mechanism can more effectively stimulate and release residual stress in different directions inside the metal printed part. The clamping jaw and ejector can adapt to different workpieces. The Z-axis directional vibration mechanism includes a first limiting column 4, a second limiting column 5, a first shock-absorbing spring 6, a second shock-absorbing spring 7, a rocker motor 8 and an adjustable vibration rocker 9. The bracket 1 is a vertical structure with a Y-shaped cross-section at both ends. The first limiting column 4 is provided at both ends of the platform 2. The first limiting column 4 passes through the platform 2 and the end is connected to the bracket 1. The surface of the first limiting column 4 is sleeved with a first shock-absorbing spring 6. The outer surface of the vibration bin 3 is connected to the platform 2 through a spring. Four second limiting columns 5 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the platform 2 along the circumference of the vibration bin 3. The second limiting columns 5 abut against the surface of the vibration bin 3. The outer surface of the second limiting columns 5 is sleeved with a second shock-absorbing spring 7. The front and rear surfaces of the platform 2 are fixedly connected to the rocker motor 8. The Y-shaped bracket 1 can provide stable support. The limiting columns and shock-absorbing springs effectively constrain the movement direction of the platform 2 and the vibration bin 3 (mainly in the Z axis), reduce unnecessary lateral shaking, ensure that the vibration energy is more effectively transmitted to the workpiece, and significantly reduce the transmission of vibration to the outside, protecting the equipment foundation and the surrounding environment.

[0019] like Figure 4 、 5 As shown, the adjustable vibration rocker arm 9 includes a hollow rocker arm shaft 901, a top screw 902 at the top of the rocker arm shaft 901, a first motor 903 inside the rocker arm shaft 901, a slide rail 904 along the outer circumference of the rocker arm shaft 901, a screw rod 905 connected to the output end of the first motor 903, and a counterweight slider 906 slidably connected to the slide rail 904 and driven by the first motor 903 to drive the screw rod 905. The rocker arm shaft 901 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rocker arm motor 8 through the top screw 902; the counterweight slider 906 drives the screw rod 905 to move by the first motor 903, and the eccentricity (i.e., amplitude) of the rocker arm can be adjusted online and accurately without stopping the machine or replacing parts to adapt to workpieces of different sizes, weights, and stress states, thereby achieving fine control of vibration energy and convenient and efficient operation.

[0020] Further, if Figure 6As shown, the double pendulum vibration mechanism includes a mounting platform 1001 located at the bottom of the vibration bin 3, a rotating motor 1002 and a rotating motor 2 1003 fixedly connected to the mounting platform 1001, a first driving gear 1004 and a second driving gear 1005 connected to the output ends of the rotating motor 1002 and the rotating motor 2 1003 respectively, a first pendulum 1006 and a second pendulum 1007 rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting platform 1001, a first transmission gear 1008 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft of the first pendulum 1006, and a second pendulum 1008 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft of the second pendulum. A second transmission gear 1009 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft of the hammer 1007. The first transmission gear 1008 is meshed with the first drive gear 1004, and the second transmission gear 1009 is meshed with the second drive gear 1005. The first pendulum 1006 and the second pendulum 1007 have the same weight. Two independent motors drive and control the two pendulums respectively, allowing the speed, phase and even start and stop of the two pendulums to be independently adjusted, generating eccentric force to drive the vibration bin 3 to vibrate. By controlling the speed difference of the two motors, the two pendulums can produce different angle differences. Figure 7 When the two pendulums are on the left side, the vibration is the largest. When the speed difference begins to occur, it gradually reaches the following value: Figure 7 When it is on the far right as shown, it starts to rotate at the same speed again. Since the two pendulums have the same weight, the vibration amplitude gradually decreases. This design can flexibly generate a variety of vibration modes (such as co-rotation, counter-rotation, and asynchronous rotation), and produce a complex, multi-directional exciting force field in the vibration bin 3, which can more effectively "stir" and release the anisotropic residual stress inside the workpiece; the two pendulums have the same weight: this helps to maintain the dynamic balance of the mechanism during operation, reduce unnecessary vibration and noise, and improve the operating stability and life of the equipment.

[0021] Preferably, Figure 8 As shown, the adaptive clamping mechanism includes a disc base 1101, a second motor 1102 fixedly connected to the bottom of the disc base 1101, a disc wheel 1103 embedded in the disc base 1101 and connected to the output end of the second motor 1102, a sliding clamping jaw 1104 slidably connected to the disc wheel 1103, and a guide rail cover 1105 arranged above the disc wheel 1103; the upper surface of the disc wheel 1103 has a spiral track, and the bottom of the sliding clamping jaw 1104 has a slot that is clamped on the spiral track. The disc wheel 1103 is driven by the second motor 1102 to drive the sliding clamping jaw 1104 to move synchronously in the track, and can automatically adapt to metal prints of different shapes and sizes for clamping and fixing, and is particularly suitable for 3D prints with complex shapes, multiple varieties and small batches.

[0022] like Figure 9 、 10As shown, the ejector mechanism includes a guide rail 1201 fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the vibration bin 3, a sliding needle block 1202 slidably connected to the guide rail 1201, and a steel needle 1203 detachable from the sliding needle block 1202; the guide rail 1201 has four circles, and the guide rail 1201 is connected to the inner wall of the vibration bin 3 by screws; the sliding needle block 1202 is configured to include an upper needle block and a lower needle block, the upper needle block and the lower needle block are connected by a mortise and tenon structure, and a threaded hole is provided on one side of the upper needle block and the lower needle block, and the steel needle 1203 is threadedly connected to the threaded holes of the upper needle block and the lower needle block; the sliding needle block 1202 can be flexibly arranged with multiple support points on the guide rail 1201 according to the bottom surface contour of the workpiece and the position to be supported; the steel needle 1203 is detachable to facilitate replacement of steel needles 1203 of different lengths according to the height of the workpiece and the support point requirements, the upper needle block and the lower needle block are connected by mortise and tenon + the steel needle 1203 is threaded, and this design provides double stability. The mortise and tenon structure ensures a tight fit between the upper and lower needle blocks, while the threaded connection prevents the steel needle 1203 from coming loose even under severe vibration. This design also facilitates the removal and replacement of damaged steel needles 1203 or needle block parts, making maintenance easy and cost-effective.

[0023] Furthermore, a chamber door 10 is provided on the outer surface of the vibration chamber 3 .

[0024] Working process: 1. Workpiece placement and preparation: Open the door 10 on the outer surface of the vibration chamber 3, place the metal 3D printed part to be processed into the vibration chamber 3, and place it in the adaptive clamping mechanism and ejector mechanism area above the double pendulum vibration mechanism; 2. Workpiece clamping and fixing: Start the second motor 1102 of the adaptive clamping mechanism, which drives the disc wheel 1103 connected to its output end to rotate. The upper surface of the disc wheel 1103 has a spiral track. The sliding clamping jaw 1104 is slidably connected to the disc wheel 1103, and the slot at the bottom is clamped on the spiral track. As the disc wheel 1103 rotates, the spiral track drives the sliding clamping jaw 1104 to move synchronously inward or outward (radial movement) along the path on the disc base 1101. Multiple sliding clamping jaws 1104 move synchronously, automatically closing and clamping metal prints of different shapes and sizes, ensuring their stability during subsequent severe vibrations; 3. Adjustment of the ejector mechanism: Based on the stress problem reported by the first vibration, open the door 10 to adjust the position of the sliding needle block 1202; 4. Confirm that the workpiece is firmly clamped and close the door 10 of the vibration chamber 3; 5. Start Z-axis directional vibration: Start the rocker motor 8 fixedly connected to the front and rear surfaces of the platform 2. The rocker motor 8 drives the rocker shaft 901 of the adjustable vibration rocker 9 fixedly connected to its output end (through the top screw 902) to rotate, and the counterweight slider 906 on the rocker shaft 901 (the position can be adjusted by the first motor 903 driving the lead screw 905 to move on the slide rail 904) generates centrifugal force; before vibration, according to the weight of the workpiece and the required initial amplitude, the lead screw 905 is driven in advance by the first motor 903 to move the counterweight slider 906 to change its distance from the rotation center (eccentricity) and set the initial amplitude; during the vibration process, according to the sensor feedback or the preset program, the first motor 903 is controlled in real time to fine-tune the position of the counterweight slider 906 and accurately adjust the amplitude (i.e., the vibration Dynamic strength), to achieve fine control of vibration energy; the exciting force is transmitted to the platform 2 through the rocker shaft 901. The first limiting columns 4 at both ends of the platform 2 (through the platform 2, and the ends are connected to the bracket 1) and the first shock-absorbing springs 6 sleeved on their surfaces constrain the platform 2 to move mainly in the Z-axis direction, suppress lateral shaking, and absorb / dissipate part of the vibration energy, reducing the vibration transmitted to the bracket 1. The outer surface of the vibration bin 3 is connected to the platform 2 through a spring to receive Z-direction vibration. The four second limiting columns 5 (abutting the surface of the vibration bin 3) evenly distributed on the upper surface of the platform 2 and the second shock-absorbing springs 7 sleeved on their outer surfaces further constrain the lateral displacement of the vibration bin 3, ensuring that the vibration energy is efficiently and directionally transmitted (mainly in the Z-axis) to the workpiece in the vibration bin 3 and protecting the structure of the platform 2. The Y-section bracket 1 provides a solid basic support. The workpiece is subjected to strong, directional vertical impact vibration and begins to release residual stress in the Z-axis direction. 6. Start the double pendulum vibration: Start the rotating motor 1 1002 and the rotating motor 2 1003 fixedly connected to the mounting platform 1001 at the bottom of the vibration bin 3. The rotating motor 1002 drives the first drive gear 1004 at its output end to rotate. The first drive gear 1004 engages with the first transmission gear 1008 at the end of the rotating shaft of the first pendulum 1006, thereby driving the first pendulum 1006 to rotate in the middle of the mounting platform 1001. Similarly, the rotating motor 2 1003 drives the second drive gear 1005 to rotate, and drives the second pendulum 1007 to rotate through the engaged second transmission gear 1009. By independently controlling the speed, rotation direction (forward / reverse) and start and stop of the rotating motor 1 1002 and the rotating motor 2 1003, the motion state of the two pendulums can be flexibly controlled.

[0025] 7. Stop vibration and remove workpiece.

[0026] In summary, this invention utilizes adaptive clamping to ensure workpiece stability. The synergistic effect of Z-axis directional vibration (providing a powerful vertical impact with precise online amplitude adjustment) and independently controllable dual-pendulum multi-directional vibration creates a composite vibration mode that effectively excites the metal's internal microstructure in three dimensions, promoting the full release of residual stresses. Precise position limiting and damping design ensures efficient energy transfer and smooth operation. The entire process is highly efficient and controllable, making it suitable for complex metal 3D printing.

[0027] The above description is merely illustrative of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It goes without saying that those skilled in the art will be able to modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for eliminating residual stress of metal 3D printed parts, characterized by: The invention comprises a bracket (1), a platform (2) and a vibration chamber (3), wherein the vibration chamber (3) passes through the middle of the platform (2) and is movably connected thereto, the bracket (1) is connected to both ends of the platform (2), a Z-axis directional vibration mechanism is provided on the platform (2), a double pendulum vibration mechanism is provided at the bottom of the vibration chamber (3), and an adaptive clamping claw mechanism and an ejector pin mechanism are provided above the double pendulum vibration mechanism; The Z-axis directional vibration mechanism comprises a first limiting column (4), a second limiting column (5), a first damping spring (6), a second damping spring (7), a rocker motor (8) and an adjustable vibration rocker (9); the bracket (1) is a vertical structure, and its upper and lower ends have Y-shaped cross-sections; the first limiting column (4) is provided at both ends of the platform (2); the first limiting column (4) passes through the platform (2) and its end is connected to the bracket (1); the surface of the first limiting column (4) is sleeved with a first damping spring (6); the outer surface of the vibration bin (3) is connected to the platform (2) through a spring; the upper surface of the platform (2) is evenly provided with four second limiting columns (5) along the circumference of the vibration bin (3); the second limiting column (5) abuts against the surface of the vibration bin (3); the outer surface of the second limiting column (5) is sleeved with a second damping spring (7); the front and rear surfaces of the platform (2) are fixedly connected with a rocker motor (8); The adjustable vibrating rocker arm (9) comprises a hollow rocker arm shaft (901), a top screw (902) at the top of the rocker arm shaft (901), a first motor (903) inside the rocker arm shaft (901), a slide rail (904) along the outer periphery of the rocker arm shaft (901), a screw rod (905) connected to the output end of the first motor (903), and a counterweight slider (906) slidably connected to the slide rail (904) and driven by the screw rod (905) driven by the first motor (903). The rocker arm shaft (901) is fixedly connected to the output end of the rocker arm motor (8) via the top screw (902).

2. A residual stress relief device for metal 3D printed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-pendulum vibration mechanism comprises a mounting platform (1001) located at the bottom of the vibration bin (3), a rotating motor 1 (1002) and a rotating motor 2 (1003) fixedly connected to the mounting platform (1001), a first driving gear (1004) and a second driving gear (1005) respectively connected to the output ends of the rotating motor 1 (1002) and the rotating motor 2 (1003), a first pendulum (1006) and a second pendulum (1007) rotatably connected to the middle of the mounting platform (1001), a first transmission gear (1008) being provided at the end of the rotating shaft of the first pendulum (1006), a second transmission gear (1009) being provided at the end of the rotating shaft of the second pendulum (1007), the first transmission gear (1008) being meshed with the first driving gear (1004), and the second transmission gear (1009) being meshed with the second driving gear (1005).

3. The residual stress relief device for metal 3D printed parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pendulum (1006) and the second pendulum (1007) have the same weight.

4. The residual stress relief device for metal 3D printed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive clamping mechanism comprises a disc base (1101), a second motor (1102) fixedly connected to the bottom of the disc base (1101), a disc wheel (1103) sleeved on the disc base (1101) and connected to the output end of the second motor (1102), a sliding clamping jaw (1104) slidably connected to the disc wheel (1103), and a guide rail cover (1105) arranged above the disc wheel (1103).

5. The residual stress relief device for metal 3D printed parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejector mechanism comprises a guide rail (1201) fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the vibration chamber (3), a sliding needle block (1202) slidably connected to the guide rail (1201), and a steel needle (1203) detachable from the sliding needle block (1202).

6. The residual stress relief device for metal 3D printed parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide rails (1201) are four in number, and the guide rails (1201) are connected to the inner wall of the vibration chamber (3) via screws.

7. The residual stress relief device for metal 3D printed parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding needle block (1202) is configured to include an upper needle block and a lower needle block, the upper needle block and the lower needle block are connected by a mortise and tenon structure, a threaded hole is provided on one side of the upper needle block and the lower needle block, and the steel needle (1203) is threadedly connected in the threaded holes of the upper needle block and the lower needle block.

8. A device for eliminating residual stress of a metal 3D printed part according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A chamber door (10) is provided on the outer surface of the vibration chamber (3).

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