Energy storage system, power supply method of energy storage system and electric device

Abstract

The application relates to the energy storage field, and provides an energy storage system, a power supply method of the energy storage system and a power utilization equipment.The energy storage system comprises a whole machine, an energy storage converter, and an uninterrupted power supply connected with the whole machine and the energy storage converter through a power supply circuit, a communication circuit and a control circuit.The power supply circuit transmits power supply electric energy, the communication circuit transmits communication signals, the uninterrupted power supply realizes communication with the whole machine and the energy storage converter under the action of the communication signals, the control circuit transmits control signals, the control signals are generated based on the communication signals, and the control signals control the on-off of the power supply circuit.Both the PCS and the whole machine are powered by the UPS, the auxiliary power supply board is omitted, the cost is reduced, the power supply circuit, the communication circuit and the control circuit are designed, the separation of communication, control and power supply is realized, the reliability is improved, and the problems that the PCS and the whole machine need independent auxiliary power supply boards for power supply and the UPS power supply, the cost is relatively high, and the reliability is relatively poor are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and more specifically, to an energy storage system, a power supply method for the energy storage system, and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] A power conversion system (PCS), also known as an energy storage inverter, is one of the core components of an energy storage system. A PCS includes power conversion components (such as IGBTs), control components, protection components, communication modules, and a cooling system (such as radiators, fans, or liquid cooling plates). With the rapid development of energy storage technology, the thermal management requirements for PCS are becoming increasingly stringent.

[0003] In existing technologies, PCS requires a separate auxiliary power board for power supply, while the large storage container (i.e., the whole unit) requires uninterruptible power supply.

[0004] This type of PCS requires separate auxiliary power supply boards and UPS power supplies from the main unit, resulting in increased costs, reduced reliability, complex wiring, and large space occupation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide an energy storage system, a power supply method for the energy storage system, and electrical equipment, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, the PCS and the whole machine require separate auxiliary power supply boards and UPS power supplies, which are costly and have poor reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, an energy storage system is provided, comprising: a complete unit; an energy storage converter; and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). The UPS is connected to the complete unit and the energy storage converter via a power supply circuit, a communication circuit, and a control circuit. The power supply circuit transmits electrical energy, the communication circuit transmits communication signals, and under the action of the communication signals, the UPS achieves bidirectional communication with the complete unit and the energy storage converter. The control circuit transmits control signals, which are generated based on the communication signals and are used to control the on / off state of the power supply circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the complete unit includes a first control module, the energy storage converter includes a second control module, and the uninterruptible power supply includes a third control module. The third control module is connected to the first control module and the second control module via the communication loop and the control loop, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the complete unit also includes a first power distribution module, and the energy storage converter also includes a second power distribution module. A first power supply circuit is connected between the first power distribution module and the uninterruptible power supply, and a second power supply circuit is connected between the second power distribution module and the uninterruptible power supply.

[0009] Furthermore, the uninterruptible power supply includes a capacitor module, which serves as a backup power source.

[0010] Furthermore, the complete unit also includes a first main control module, and the energy storage converter also includes a second main control module. The first main control module and the first control module are integrated into a control chip, and the second main control module and the second control module are integrated into a control chip.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, a power supply method for any of the described energy storage systems is provided, comprising: an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) monitoring the operating status and power demand of the entire unit and the energy storage converter, wherein the power demand indicates whether power is required; when the UPS is detected to be in normal operating condition and requires power, controlling the power supply circuit between the UPS and the UPS to be connected; and when the energy storage converter is detected to be in normal operating condition and requires power, controlling the power supply circuit between the UPS and the energy storage converter to be connected.

[0012] Furthermore, the method also includes: if the mains power is normal, the uninterruptible power supply filters and regulates the mains power to output clean AC power to the complete machine and the energy storage converter; if the mains power is interrupted, the uninterruptible power supply converts the power into AC power through its internal capacitor module and inverter to supply power to the complete machine and the energy storage converter.

[0013] Furthermore, the method also includes: the uninterruptible power supply monitoring the parameters of the capacitor module, the parameters of the capacitor module including current parameters, voltage parameters and temperature parameters; and determining the charging and discharging timing and charging and discharging rate of the capacitor module based on the parameters of the capacitor module.

[0014] Furthermore, the method includes: sending a request command to the uninterruptible power supply to obtain the remaining power of the capacitor module in the uninterruptible power supply; and adjusting the energy consumption of the whole machine or the energy storage converter according to the remaining power of the capacitor module.

[0015] Furthermore, the method also includes: if the complete machine or the energy storage converter detects an abnormality in itself or in the external environment, it sends an alarm message to the uninterruptible power supply so that the uninterruptible power supply enters a protection mode.

[0016] Furthermore, the method further includes: according to the operating requirements of the energy storage system, the complete machine or the energy storage converter sends a configuration modification request to the uninterruptible power supply, so that the uninterruptible power supply changes the corresponding configuration to meet the operating requirements of the energy storage system, wherein the corresponding configuration includes battery discharge termination voltage and / or charging current limit.

[0017] Furthermore, the method also includes: if the mains power is detected to be stable, sending a mains power supply command to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to cause the UPS to switch to direct mains power supply mode; if the mains power is detected to be unstable, sending a battery power supply command to the UPS to cause the UPS to switch to battery power supply mode.

[0018] Furthermore, the method also includes: data sharing between the complete machine and the energy storage converter, wherein the shared data includes at least one of the following: energy storage converter status data, complete machine status data, remaining power of the capacitor module, external environment data, and fault data.

[0019] According to another aspect of this application, an electrical device is provided that is powered by any of the described energy storage systems.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: by establishing a power supply, communication, and control loop between the uninterruptible power supply (UPS), the main unit, and the energy storage converter, intelligent system management and efficient energy distribution are achieved. When the main unit or the energy storage converter sends a communication signal indicating a need for power, the UPS can quickly respond and adjust the state of its power supply loop, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the system. This design solves the problems of energy waste and system response delay caused by the lack of effective communication and control mechanisms in traditional energy storage systems, as well as the problems of high cost and poor reliability in existing technologies where the PCS and the main unit require separate auxiliary power boards and UPS power supplies. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A structural diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of a power supply method for an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0024] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 10. Complete unit; 20. Energy storage converter; 30. Uninterruptible power supply; 40. Power supply circuit; 50. Communication circuit; 60. Control circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0027] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] It should be understood that when an element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) is described as being "on" another element, the element may be directly on the other element, or there may be an intermediate element present. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element, or "connected" to the other element via a third element.

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists.

[0033] Existing energy storage systems require a UPS to power the entire unit as a backup power source; the PCS itself also requires an auxiliary power supply system. In conventional designs, the PCS has a separate power board installed inside the PCS chassis. As an essential uninterruptible power management unit for energy equipment such as the 216 integrated cabinet and 5MWh large-scale energy storage systems, the two involve relatively complex logic control and communication methods. Existing solutions suffer from high control complexity and low reliability. They require ample installation space, involve complex wiring, and are costly, causing significant challenges in operating conditions, manufacturing, and after-sales maintenance.

[0034] In other words, in the prior art, the PCS and the whole machine require separate auxiliary power supply boards and UPS power supplies, which are costly and have poor reliability. In order to solve the problem that the PCS and the whole machine require separate auxiliary power supply boards and UPS power supplies, which are costly and have poor reliability, this application proposes an energy storage system, a power supply method for the energy storage system, and electrical equipment.

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system. Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an energy storage system provided according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes:

[0037] 10 for the whole machine;

[0038] Energy storage converter 20;

[0039] An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 30 is connected to the main unit 10 and the energy storage converter 20 via a power supply circuit 40, a communication circuit 50, and a control circuit 60. The power supply circuit 40 transmits electrical energy, the communication circuit 50 transmits communication signals, and bidirectional communication is achieved between the UPS 30, the main unit 10, and the energy storage converter 20 under the action of the communication signals. The control circuit 60 transmits control signals, which are generated based on the communication signals and are used to control the on / off state of the power supply circuit 40.

[0040] This solution establishes a power supply, communication, and control loop between the uninterruptible power supply (UPS), the main unit, and the power storage converter (PCS), achieving intelligent system management and efficient energy distribution. For example, when the main unit or the power storage converter sends a communication signal indicating a need for power, the UPS can quickly respond and adjust the state of its power supply loop, thereby ensuring stable system operation. This design solves the problems of energy waste and system response delays caused by the lack of effective communication and control mechanisms in traditional energy storage systems, as well as the problems of high cost and poor reliability in existing technologies where the PCS and the main unit require separate auxiliary power boards and UPS power supplies.

[0041] Specifically, the aforementioned complete unit includes a first control module, the aforementioned energy storage converter includes a second control module, the aforementioned uninterruptible power supply includes a third control module, and the aforementioned third control module is connected to the aforementioned first control module and the aforementioned second control module via the aforementioned communication circuit and the aforementioned control circuit, respectively.

[0042] The control module includes: a microcontroller unit (MCU), a digital signal processor (DSP), and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0043] 1. Microcontroller Unit (MCU):

[0044] MCUs typically integrate a processor, memory, and multiple input / output interfaces. They are low-cost, easy to program, and suitable for real-time control and simple data processing tasks. For scenarios where the system needs to process relatively small amounts of data and primarily focuses on real-time control, an MCU is a cost-effective choice.

[0045] 2. Digital Signal Processor (DSP):

[0046] DSPs excel at rapidly processing complex mathematical calculations and signal processing tasks, and their high-speed computing capabilities are particularly useful for analyzing and predicting power demand. They are also useful when systems require large-scale data processing and complex algorithmic operations, such as dynamic energy allocation algorithms and fast-response signal processing.

[0047] 3. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA):

[0048] FPGAs possess high programmability and parallel processing capabilities, enabling complex logic control and algorithm acceleration, while also offering the flexibility for dynamic reconfiguration and upgrades. For scenarios requiring highly customized logic control and extremely high data processing speeds, FPGAs provide sufficient performance and flexibility, making them particularly suitable for the rapid iteration of algorithms in real-time systems.

[0049] This allows for the integration of microcontroller units (MCUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) onto the control layer chip of the PCS. Furthermore, the control algorithms of the energy storage system and the PCS can be integrated into a single main control MCU; this ensures real-time control and also guarantees the real-time power supply of the power supply device, meeting the reliability requirements of uninterruptible power supplies. This ultimately makes the auxiliary power supply system more reliable.

[0050] In addition, the control module may also include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and neural network processors (NPUs).

[0051] Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs): These are integrated circuits designed for specific applications, offering extremely high processing speeds and energy efficiency, but with high development costs. In mass production or highly specialized applications, the customization advantages of ASICs are significant. When a system has extremely high requirements for control performance and is expected to have large-scale production needs, ASICs can provide both high performance and cost advantages.

[0052] Neural Processing Unit (NPU): Designed specifically for running neural network algorithms, the NPU efficiently handles AI tasks and is particularly well-suited for machine learning-based energy forecasting and control. If the core control logic of the system relies on deep learning models, the NPU provides an efficient, low-power solution, making it suitable for advanced intelligent energy management systems.

[0053] This solution employs independent control modules in the main unit, energy storage converter, and uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Each module is responsible for the control logic of a specific device, while information exchange and coordination are achieved through communication loops. For example, the first control module monitors the overall operating status of the main unit, while the second control module manages the charging and discharging process of the energy storage converter. The third control module, acting as the central hub, makes comprehensive decisions based on received communication signals, such as adjusting charging and discharging strategies or switching power supplies. This distributed control architecture, through efficient communication and coordination between the control modules, resolves the bottlenecks and failure risks that may exist at a single control point, improving the overall stability and response speed of the system.

[0054] More specifically, the aforementioned complete unit also includes a first power distribution module, and the aforementioned energy storage converter also includes a second power distribution module. A first power supply circuit is connected between the aforementioned first power distribution module and the aforementioned uninterruptible power supply, and a second power supply circuit is connected between the aforementioned second power distribution module and the aforementioned uninterruptible power supply.

[0055] Among them, the power distribution module can be selected from DC-DC converters, intelligent energy distribution systems (IEDS), and energy routers.

[0056] DC-DC converters can convert input DC voltage into different levels of output voltage, making them suitable for precise power distribution in DC power supply systems. DC-DC converters are not only highly efficient but also small in size and easy to integrate.

[0057] IEDS combines advanced control algorithms and intelligent switching technology to monitor load demand and power status in real time, dynamically adjusting power distribution strategies to ensure optimal power utilization and continuous power supply to the load. In scenarios requiring high reliability and real-time energy management, IEDS delivers superior performance. For example, in energy storage systems that need to simultaneously meet the requirements of both PCS (Power Consumption System) and overall uninterruptible power supply (UPS), IEDS can intelligently allocate power based on real-time data analysis, optimizing the overall system's operating efficiency.

[0058] An energy router is an advanced power distribution module that can not only dynamically distribute power, but also adjust the energy flow according to the real-time status of the energy network, thereby achieving intelligent energy management.

[0059] The introduction of the power distribution module in this solution enables the energy storage system to manage energy input and output more flexibly. For example, the first power distribution module can prioritize power supply to the core components of the entire system, while the second power distribution module is responsible for regulating the charging and discharging power of the energy storage converter to ensure efficient energy utilization and safe operation of the equipment. This design solves the problem of uneven power distribution in traditional energy storage systems. Especially in the "two-charge, two-discharge" operating mode, precise power distribution can maximize energy storage efficiency and reduce energy waste.

[0060] Furthermore, the aforementioned uninterruptible power supply includes a capacitor module, which serves as a backup power source.

[0061] Specifically, the capacitor module is a supercapacitor module. The energy output of the supercapacitor module is sufficient to allow the system to operate normally for a sufficiently long time even when both AC and DC power are off. Supercapacitor modules include electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) modules, lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) modules, pseudocapacitance modules, hybrid supercapacitor modules, and solid-state supercapacitor modules.

[0062] 1. Electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) modules, also known as supercapacitors, feature high energy density, long cycle life, rapid charge and discharge capabilities, and low internal resistance. They store charge through electrostatic adsorption and are suitable for applications requiring frequent charging and discharging and high power density, such as instantaneous energy buffers in uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) to maintain normal power supply during grid fluctuations or power outages.

[0063] 2. Lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) modules combine the rapid charging and discharging capabilities of double-layer capacitors with the high energy storage capacity of lithium-ion batteries. They can provide higher energy density than traditional supercapacitors while maintaining high power density. Suitable for applications requiring both rapid charging and discharging and long standby times, such as as auxiliary power sources in energy storage systems, they can quickly respond to short-term high-power demands while ensuring basic system operation during prolonged power outages.

[0064] 3. Pseudocapacitance modules: Pseudocapacitance modules store charge on the electrode surface using electrochemical reactions. Compared to EDLC modules, they can provide higher energy density while maintaining a good charge / discharge rate. They are suitable for applications with high energy demand and requirements for charge / discharge rate, such as energy buffers in energy storage systems to cope with energy needs for longer periods.

[0065] 4. Hybrid Supercapacitor Modules: These modules combine the characteristics of EDLC and pseudocapacitive capacitors, typically using electrode materials with both capacitance mechanisms to provide higher energy density and faster charge / discharge rates. They are suitable for applications requiring high energy density and fast charge / discharge speeds. In energy storage systems, hybrid supercapacitors can provide a balance, satisfying the need for rapid response while storing enough energy to support extended power supply periods.

[0066] 5. Solid-state supercapacitor modules use solid-state electrolytes instead of conventional liquid electrolytes. These modules offer longer lifespan, higher stability, and a wider operating temperature range. They are suitable for energy storage systems that need to operate under extreme temperature conditions, or for applications with special requirements for safety and stability, such as critical components in uninterruptible power supply systems operating outdoors.

[0067] The supercapacitor module manages energy through a control chip (such as an MCU or FPGA) in the control loop.

[0068] The supercapacitor module is directly connected to the power supply circuit, acting as a fast-response energy storage unit. Under normal power supply conditions, the supercapacitor draws and stores energy from the power supply circuit. When a fault is detected in the mains power or main power supply in the power supply circuit, the supercapacitor rapidly releases its stored energy to provide emergency power to the control board of the entire unit and the energy storage converter. This connection ensures that the system can immediately activate the backup power supply in the event of a power outage or interruption, preventing the control board from malfunctioning due to power failure and thus guaranteeing continuous system operation.

[0069] The application of capacitor modules in this solution within an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) provides a fast-response backup power source for energy storage systems. For example, when the mains power is suddenly interrupted, the capacitor module can immediately release its stored electrical energy, which is then converted into AC power by an inverter, providing brief but critical power support to the entire system and the energy storage converter, preventing system collapse due to momentary power outages. Compared to traditional batteries, capacitor modules offer faster charging and discharging speeds and longer cycle life, better meeting the frequent charging and discharging requirements of energy storage systems. By integrating the capacitor module within the UPS, it enables the UPS to power the entire system and the energy storage converter under any circumstances, and using the capacitor module as a backup power source enhances the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0070] Furthermore, the aforementioned complete unit also includes a first main control module, and the aforementioned energy storage converter also includes a second main control module. The aforementioned first main control module and the aforementioned first control module are integrated into a control chip, and the aforementioned second main control module and the aforementioned second control module are integrated into a control chip.

[0071] The integration of the main control module and the control module in this solution significantly reduces the number and complexity of control circuits in the energy storage system, thereby lowering system cost and power consumption. For example, the integration of the first main control module and the first control module means that the control logic of the entire system can be completed on a single chip, improving control accuracy and speed, while also facilitating system maintenance and upgrades. This design solves the problems of redundancy and inefficiency in control circuits in traditional energy storage systems. Especially in scenarios of large-scale deployment and long-term operation, the integrated main control module can significantly improve the overall performance and economy of the system.

[0072] In addition, the energy storage system in this embodiment also includes an intelligent energy allocation and management module. By incorporating intelligent energy allocation and management functions, the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) control device can not only dynamically adjust according to the different needs of the PCS and the entire system, but also learn and predict energy demand in advance, thereby optimizing energy distribution and utilization efficiency. This intelligent energy allocation and management module can be implemented through AI algorithms, such as machine learning models, to analyze historical power consumption patterns and predict future load changes, thereby adjusting the charging and discharging strategies of the supercapacitor to ensure stable power output under any circumstances. Specific embodiments are as follows:

[0073] Design an intelligent energy allocation and management module with built-in machine learning algorithms. This module periodically collects operational data from the energy storage system (such as grid voltage, current, energy storage device status, ambient temperature, etc.) and uses this data to train a predictive model. When an impending high power demand is detected (such as frequent charging and discharging of the energy storage system at night), the module will increase the charging capacity of the supercapacitor in advance to cope with the potential high load in the future.

[0074] This solution ensures that the system can respond quickly and reduce switching delays when a sudden surge in power demand occurs through intelligent prediction and dynamic adjustment of energy allocation. In addition, reasonable energy allocation can reduce the frequency of charging and discharging of supercapacitors, extending their service life. Furthermore, by predicting and optimizing in advance, unnecessary equipment maintenance and energy waste are reduced, thereby lowering the overall operation and maintenance costs.

[0075] Figure 2 The application provided in the embodiments of this application is in Figure 1 The diagram shows a flow chart of the power supply method for the energy storage system. Figure 2 The power supply method shown includes:

[0076] Step S201: The uninterruptible power supply 30 monitors the working status and power demand of the whole machine 10 and the energy storage converter 20. The power demand indicates whether power is needed.

[0077] Step S202: When it is detected that the above-mentioned complete machine 10 is in normal working condition and requires power, control the power supply circuit 40 between the above-mentioned uninterruptible power supply 30 and the above-mentioned complete machine 10 to be turned on. When it is detected that the above-mentioned energy storage converter 20 is in normal working condition and requires power, control the power supply circuit 40 between the above-mentioned uninterruptible power supply 30 and the above-mentioned energy storage converter 20 to be turned on.

[0078] In this embodiment, by applying steps S201 and S202, the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 30 actively monitors the status of the main unit 10 and the energy storage converter 20, achieving precise power distribution and management. For example, when the power demand of the main unit 10 or the energy storage converter 20 increases, the UPS 30 can adjust its output power in a timely manner to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. This dynamic adjustment mechanism solves the energy waste and equipment overload problems caused by the static power supply mode in traditional power supply systems. Especially in scenarios with high load change rates, the intelligent monitoring and control of the UPS 30 can significantly improve the energy utilization efficiency and stability of the system.

[0079] Applications in Figure 1 In the specific implementation of the energy storage system shown, the above method further includes: if the mains power is normal, the uninterruptible power supply 30 filters and regulates the grid power, and outputs clean AC power to the main unit 10 and the energy storage converter 20; if the mains power is interrupted, the uninterruptible power supply 30 converts the power into AC power through its internal capacitor module and inverter to supply power to the main unit 10 and the energy storage converter 20.

[0080] The seamless switching mechanism between mains power and internal power ensures continuous power supply to the energy storage system under any circumstances. For example, when the mains power is normal, the uninterruptible power supply 30 can act as an energy purifier, eliminating fluctuations and interference in the power grid and providing stable and reliable power to the main unit 10 and the energy storage converter 20. When the mains power is interrupted, the uninterruptible power supply 30 can immediately activate its internal capacitor modules and inverters to provide uninterrupted power support, preventing system downtime due to external power failures. This design solves the problem of high dependence on external power sources in traditional energy storage systems. Especially in areas with unstable power or frequent natural disasters, the mains power switching function of the uninterruptible power supply 30 can significantly improve the availability and security of the system.

[0081] Applied to Figure 1 The energy storage system shown above, the method further includes: the uninterruptible power supply 30 monitoring the parameters of the capacitor module, the parameters of the capacitor module including current parameters, voltage parameters and temperature parameters; and determining the charging and discharging timing and charging and discharging rate of the capacitor module based on the parameters of the capacitor module.

[0082] The real-time monitoring and intelligent control of capacitor module parameters in this method are crucial for ensuring the long-term stable operation of the energy storage system. For example, by monitoring the current, voltage, and temperature parameters of the capacitor module, the uninterruptible power supply 30 can accurately determine the health status of the capacitor module, rationally arrange charging and discharging plans, and avoid damage caused by overcharging and over-discharging. This design solves the problems of difficult maintenance and short lifespan of capacitor modules in traditional energy storage systems. Especially under extreme environmental conditions, the parameter monitoring and control capabilities of the uninterruptible power supply 30 can significantly extend the service life of the capacitor module and reduce the system's maintenance costs.

[0083] Applied to Figure 1 The energy storage system shown includes the following method: sending a request command to the uninterruptible power supply 30 to obtain the remaining power of the capacitor module in the uninterruptible power supply 30; adjusting the energy consumption of the whole machine 10 or the energy storage converter 20 according to the remaining power of the capacitor module; for example, reducing power consumption, suspending non-critical tasks, or starting a backup power generation device to ensure that critical equipment will not suddenly lose power due to the UPS power being depleted.

[0084] This method enables smarter energy management of energy storage systems by predicting electricity demand and adjusting energy consumption. For example, the main unit 10 or the energy storage converter 20 can dynamically adjust its own power consumption based on the remaining charge of the capacitor module, such as reducing the energy consumption of non-critical components or entering a sleep mode to extend the system's operating time. This design solves the problem of extensive energy management in traditional energy storage systems, especially in scenarios with scarce power resources or requiring remote operation and maintenance. Through refined energy consumption management, it can significantly improve the system's energy utilization efficiency and autonomous operation capability.

[0085] Applied to Figure 1 The energy storage system shown includes the following method: if the unit 10 or the energy storage converter 20 detects an abnormality in itself or in the external environment, it sends an alarm message to the uninterruptible power supply 30 so that the uninterruptible power supply 30 enters a protection mode.

[0086] For example, when the main unit 10 or the energy storage converter 20 detects overheating, overload, or external power grid anomalies, it will immediately send an alarm message to the uninterruptible power supply 30, triggering protective measures such as reducing output power or cutting off dangerous power sources to prevent equipment damage or safety accidents. This design solves the problems of slow fault response and weak self-protection capabilities in traditional energy storage systems. Especially in unattended or remote operation scenarios, the abnormal alarm and protection functions of the uninterruptible power supply 30 can significantly improve system safety and operation and maintenance efficiency. In the technical field, this alarm mechanism is also applicable to various devices and systems that require real-time monitoring and fault early warning, such as network servers and industrial production equipment, to achieve safer and more reliable operation.

[0087] In addition, the UPS can also send fault reports to the PCS or the main unit 10, such as battery failure or inverter overheating, so that the PCS or the main unit 10 can adjust the working mode in time to prevent potential risks.

[0088] Applied to Figure 1 The energy storage system shown above, the method further includes: according to the operating requirements of the energy storage system, the unit 10 or the energy storage converter 20 sends a configuration modification request to the uninterruptible power supply 30, so that the uninterruptible power supply 30 changes the corresponding configuration to meet the operating requirements of the energy storage system, wherein the corresponding configuration includes battery discharge termination voltage and / or charging current limit.

[0089] The configuration modification request mechanism of this method allows the energy storage system to dynamically adjust its internal parameters, such as battery discharge termination voltage and charging current limits, according to different operating conditions and task requirements. For example, when performing high-energy-consumption tasks, the system 10 or the energy storage converter 20 can request the uninterruptible power supply 30 to relax the battery discharge termination voltage to provide more power; while during low-energy-consumption or charging phases, it can request to limit the charging current to extend battery life. This design solves the problem that fixed parameters in traditional energy storage systems are difficult to adapt to diverse operating needs, especially in scenarios where energy utilization efficiency and equipment lifespan need to be balanced. Through flexible configuration adjustments, the overall performance and economy of the system can be significantly improved.

[0090] Applied to Figure 1The energy storage system shown above further includes the following methods: if the mains power is detected to be stable, a mains power supply command is sent to the uninterruptible power supply 30 so that the uninterruptible power supply 30 switches to the mains power direct supply mode; if the mains power is detected to be unstable, a battery power supply command is sent to the uninterruptible power supply 30 so that the uninterruptible power supply 30 switches to the battery power supply mode.

[0091] This method intelligently switches between mains power and battery power modes, ensuring that the energy storage system receives the most suitable power supply under any circumstances. For example, when the mains power is stable, the system can prioritize mains power to conserve battery resources; while when the mains power is unstable or interrupted, the system automatically switches to battery power mode to ensure the continuous operation of critical equipment. This design solves the problem of fixed power supply modes in traditional energy storage systems, which cannot cope with emergencies. Especially in areas with tight power supply and demand or frequent natural disasters, intelligent switching of power supply modes can significantly improve the system's stability and emergency response capabilities.

[0092] Applied to Figure 1 The energy storage system shown above, in addition to the above method, further includes: data sharing between the above-mentioned unit 10 and the above-mentioned energy storage converter 20, wherein the shared data includes at least one of the following: energy storage converter 20 status data, unit 10 status data, remaining capacity of capacitor modules, external environment data, and fault data. The energy storage converter 20 status data includes grid voltage and frequency data, DC side voltage and current data, AC side voltage and current data, temperature information of the energy storage converter 20, operating mode, and fault codes, etc.; the unit 10 status data can be the unit 10's load (total power demand of currently connected loads), status (whether it is charging, discharging, standby, or in an emergency state), and safety status (including safety information such as fire alarms, gas leaks, and anti-theft systems).

[0093] In addition to the remaining power of the capacitor module, it can also include the capacitor voltage data, charge and discharge cycles, and charge and discharge efficiency of the capacitor module.

[0094] External environmental data can include ambient humidity and temperature data;

[0095] Fault data can include fault timestamps, fault types, fault locations, and fault handling logs.

[0096] The data sharing mechanism established in this method promotes collaborative work and intelligent decision-making among devices within the energy storage system. For example, the entire system can share its current energy consumption status and future forecasts, while the energy storage converter can provide feedback on its charging and discharging status and the remaining capacity of the capacitor modules. Real-time sharing of this information helps the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) make more rational power supply and energy management decisions. This design solves the problem of severe information silos in traditional energy storage systems, especially in scenarios requiring comprehensive consideration of multiple factors for decision-making. Through data sharing, the system's intelligence level and overall performance can be significantly improved.

[0097] As an optional solution, this embodiment also includes a multi-mode operation and adaptive control mechanism for the energy storage system. This mechanism enables the energy storage system to operate in multiple modes, automatically switching operating states according to different application scenarios, such as energy storage mode, charging mode, discharging mode, and standby mode. Furthermore, it should also possess adaptive control capabilities, automatically adjusting the control strategy based on environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity) and equipment status to ensure efficient and stable operation under various conditions. Specific embodiments are as follows:

[0098] An adaptive controller is introduced that can not only monitor and control the operating status of the supercapacitor, but also adjust the charging / discharging rate based on real-time environmental data to prevent performance degradation or damage caused by extreme conditions. Temperature and humidity sensors are introduced, and algorithms assess the impact of these environmental factors on the energy storage device, automatically adjusting the cooling system (such as fan speed) or energy storage strategy within the energy storage system to maintain optimal operating conditions.

[0099] The adaptive control mechanism of this solution can maintain stable operation in various environments, improve the overall availability and reliability of the energy storage system, and intelligently adjust the energy use strategy according to different modes and environmental conditions to maximize energy utilization efficiency and reduce energy waste. In addition, the multi-mode automatic operation mechanism reduces the need for human intervention, lowers the possibility of operational errors, and also reduces the maintenance burden.

[0100] In summary, this embodiment not only simplifies the architecture of the energy storage system but also improves its performance and economy, significantly benefiting the efficient operation and maintenance of new energy power plants. Specifically, through integrated design and intelligent management, it achieves optimized communication between devices, precise power distribution, efficient utilization of capacitor modules, rapid response to abnormal situations, intelligent switching of power supply modes, and collaborative data sharing. The combination and interaction of these technical features not only solves several technical problems existing in traditional energy storage systems, such as energy waste, equipment overload, slow fault response, and fixed power supply modes, but also provides new directions and possibilities for the future development of energy storage systems, such as higher-level energy optimization, more intelligent fault warning and self-repair, and broader collaborative operation between devices. In practical applications, the technical solution of this invention can significantly improve the operating efficiency of new energy power plants, reduce maintenance costs, and enhance system stability and security, making an important contribution to promoting the development and application of green energy.

[0101] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the implementation process of the heat dissipation method of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0102] This embodiment relates to a specific energy storage system. The power supply device in the energy storage system can benefit from and meet the auxiliary power supply operation of the PCS; it can also meet the uninterrupted power supply requirements of the entire energy storage system. The power supply device has the following functions:

[0103] 1. The power supply unit includes control chips such as MCU, RAM, and FPGA at the control layer. These chips fulfill information status fusion functions such as communication, I / O, and data mapping between each other.

[0104] 2. The power supply unit can supply both AC and DC power; it also eliminates the need for the battery pack in traditional uninterruptible power supplies, thus saving costs.

[0105] 3. The internal control board of the power supply unit has a supercapacitor module. This module's energy capacity allows the control board to remain in standby mode for 24 hours even when both AC and DC power are off, ensuring the control board can effectively receive and execute the aforementioned communication and I / O commands. Because the new energy power station operates in at least two charging and two discharging cycles within 24 hours, the supercapacitor's energy remains saturated, allowing the control board to receive and send control strategy commands at any time within 24 hours, thus meeting the uninterrupted power supply requirements of the power supply unit.

[0106] 4. The power supply unit can be replaced by a UPS + auxiliary power control board system architecture. This saves on the complex wiring and cable costs of the original solution. Reducing cable wiring also avoids complex electromagnetic compatibility interference, helping to ensure the reliability of the entire energy storage system.

[0107] 5. The control layer MCU, RAM, and FPGA of the power supply unit can be integrated into the control layer chip of the PCS. That is, the control algorithm of the power supply unit and the control algorithm of the PCS can be integrated into a single main control MCU; this ensures real-time control and the real-time power supply of the power supply unit, meeting the reliability requirements of the uninterruptible power supply. This makes the power supply unit more reliable.

[0108] 6. The power supply unit has multiple voltage input interfaces; it can simultaneously meet the auxiliary power control voltage requirements of the PCS; it also meets the auxiliary power control voltage requirements of integrated units and large storage units. This power supply method allows a single power supply unit to drive different loads, meeting the forward-looking control strategy of integrated collaborative control.

[0109] This embodiment also provides an electrical device that is powered by any of the above-mentioned energy storage systems.

[0110] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: Complete machine; Energy storage converter; An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is provided, which is connected to the main unit and the energy storage converter via a power supply circuit, a communication circuit, and a control circuit. The power supply circuit transmits electrical energy, the communication circuit transmits communication signals, and the UPS achieves bidirectional communication with the main unit and the energy storage converter under the action of the communication signals. The control circuit transmits control signals, which are generated based on the communication signals and are used to control the on / off state of the power supply circuit. The complete unit includes a first control module, the energy storage converter includes a second control module, and the uninterruptible power supply includes a third control module. The third control module is connected to the first control module and the second control module via the communication loop and the control loop, respectively. The complete machine also includes a first power distribution module, and the energy storage converter also includes a second power distribution module. The first power distribution module and the uninterruptible power supply are connected by a first power supply circuit, and the second power distribution module and the uninterruptible power supply are connected by a second power supply circuit. The first power distribution module is used to ensure the power supply of the complete machine, and the second power distribution module is used to adjust the charging and discharging power of the energy storage converter. The complete machine also includes a first main control module, and the energy storage converter also includes a second main control module. The first main control module and the first control module are integrated into a control chip, and the second main control module and the second control module are integrated into a control chip. The intelligent energy allocation and management module is used to analyze the historical operating data of the energy storage system through machine learning algorithms to determine the charging and discharging strategy of the uninterruptible power supply. The uninterruptible power supply includes a capacitor module, which serves as a backup power source. Specifically, the capacitor module is a supercapacitor module. Under normal power supply conditions, the supercapacitor module draws and stores energy from the power supply circuit. When a fault is detected in the mains power or main power supply in the power supply circuit, the supercapacitor module releases its stored energy to provide power to the control board of the entire unit and the energy storage converter. This connection ensures that the system can immediately activate the backup power source in the event of a power outage or interruption, preventing the control board from failing to function properly due to power failure, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the system.

2. A power supply method applied to the energy storage system of claim 1, characterized in that, include: The uninterruptible power supply monitors the operating status and power demand of the entire unit and the energy storage converter, wherein the power demand indicates whether power is needed. When the system detects that the entire unit is in normal working condition and requires power, the power supply circuit between the uninterruptible power supply and the entire unit is turned on. When the system detects that the energy storage converter is in normal working condition and requires power, the power supply circuit between the uninterruptible power supply and the energy storage converter is turned on.

3. The power supply method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: The uninterruptible power supply monitors the parameters of the capacitor module, including current parameters, voltage parameters, and temperature parameters. The timing and rate of charging and discharging of the capacitor module are determined based on the parameters of the capacitor module.

4. A power supply method applied to the energy storage system of claim 1, characterized in that, include: Send a request command to the uninterruptible power supply to obtain the remaining power of the capacitor module in the uninterruptible power supply; The energy consumption of the entire machine or the energy storage converter is adjusted according to the remaining power of the capacitor module.

5. The power supply method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the complete machine or the energy storage converter detects an abnormality in itself or in the external environment, it sends an alarm message to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) so that the UPS enters protection mode.

6. The power supply method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: According to the operating requirements of the energy storage system, the complete machine or the energy storage converter sends a configuration modification request to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) so that the UPS changes the corresponding configuration to meet the operating requirements of the energy storage system. The corresponding configuration includes battery discharge termination voltage and / or charging current limit.

7. The power supply method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the mains power is detected to be stable, a mains power supply command is sent to the uninterruptible power supply so that the uninterruptible power supply switches to the direct mains power supply mode. If an unstable mains power supply is detected, a battery power supply command is sent to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to switch the UPS to battery power supply mode.

8. The power supply method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The complete machine and the energy storage converter share data, wherein the shared data includes at least one of the following: energy storage converter status data, complete machine status data, remaining power of capacitor module, external environment data, and fault data.

9. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The energy storage system described in claim 1 is used for power supply.

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