Compound fertilizer for promoting tillering and increasing yield of wheat as well as preparation and application of compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to a tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer for wheat as well as preparation and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of high investment, low benefit and difficulty in realizing continuous yield and income increase of conventional fertilization in current wheat production. The compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate according to the weight ratio of (850-1200): (260-410): (450-650): (80-200): (20-40): (15-25). The nutrient element ratio and the component release rule of the compound fertilizer can fully accord with the nutrient requirement rule of wheat in each growth period, can provide rich and balanced nutrient components for the whole growth period of wheat, promote the growth of wheat plants, increase effective tillering, increase the ear number per mu, the grain number per ear and the grain weight, and realize quality improvement and yield increase of wheat planting. After the fertilizer is applied to soil, the soil structure can be improved, the permeability of the soil is increased, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved; the required raw materials are wide in source, low in cost, non-toxic and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation and fertilization, and specifically to a wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer and its preparation and application. Background Art

[0002] At present, based on the physiological fertilizer requirements of wheat, it is particularly urgent to develop a special wheat fertilizer with comprehensive nutrients, good slow-release properties, which can fully meet the balanced nutrient needs of wheat in various growth stages, increase production and improve quality, and be low-cost and high-efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer and its preparation and application, aiming to solve the technical problems of high investment, low efficiency and difficulty in achieving sustained yield and income increase in conventional fertilization in current wheat production. Based on long-term practical research, the inventors of the present application have found that based on cheap and readily available raw materials such as ammonium bicarbonate, limestone powder, medical stone powder, humic acid, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate, a compound fertilizer is rationally compounded in a certain proportion to form a compound fertilizer, which can promote wheat growth, promote tillering, increase the number of wheat ears per mu, the number of grains per ear and the grain weight, enhance the lodging resistance of wheat plants, and thus improve the quality and increase the yield of wheat production.

[0004] Provided is a wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer, which is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate in a weight ratio of 850-1200:260-410:450-650:80-200:20-40:15-25.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the effective ingredients of the wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer are made of ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate in a weight ratio of 920:285:380:190:40:28.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the particle size of the limestone powder is 100-300 mesh.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the particle size of the medical stone powder is 100-300 mesh.

[0008] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a compound fertilizer for promoting tillering and increasing yield of wheat, comprising the following steps: According to the raw material ratio, ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate are mixed, stirred thoroughly and evenly, and then sealed and placed at room temperature for at least one day to prepare the product.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a high-yield wheat cultivation method is provided, which mainly comprises the following steps: Apply the above-mentioned wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer, and apply 60-90 kg / 666.67 m3 of fertilizer before wheat sowing. 2 , apply 25~35kg / 666.67m3 of wheat during the jointing stage 2 .

[0010] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least any of the following technical effects: 1. The nutrient element ratio and component release pattern in the fertilizer of this application can fully meet the nutrient demand pattern of wheat in various growth stages, and can provide rich and balanced nutrients for wheat throughout the growth period, promote the growth of wheat plants, increase the effective tillering of wheat, increase the number of ears per mu, the number of grains per ear and the grain weight, thereby achieving the improvement of quality and increase of yield of wheat planting.

[0011] 2. The main ingredients in this application's composite raw materials—ammonium bicarbonate, limestone powder, medical stone powder, humic acid, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate—can undergo multiple chemical reactions upon mixing to produce a variety of nutritional factors with fertilizer effects. These nutritional factors can specifically provide wheat plants with the nutrients they need. For example, medical stone powder, a porous aluminosilicate mineral, contains several elements essential for wheat growth (such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and some trace elements). Its large surface area and porosity allow it to reversibly adsorb and slowly release a variety of ions and compounds. When reacting with ammonium bicarbonate, it can adsorb ammonia ions and slowly release them into the wheat rhizosphere soil, continuously supplying nutrients to the wheat. The fertilizer component, humic acid, can regulate the physiological metabolism of wheat plants and promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by the wheat root system. Furthermore, when mixed with ammonium bicarbonate, limestone powder, and medical stone powder, humic acid further enhances its fertilizer efficacy, promoting the growth and development of wheat plants. The cheap and readily available ammonium nitrogen fertilizer - ammonium bicarbonate can provide the fast-acting nitrogen element needed for wheat growth. It reacts with some components in limestone powder and medical stone powder to form stable compounds with fertilizer effects, overcoming the shortcomings of ammonium bicarbonate's unstable chemical properties and easy decomposition and volatilization when heated. On the other hand, ammonium bicarbonate and humic acid can undergo chelation reactions (the ammonium ions of ammonium bicarbonate form stable complexes with some functional groups in humic acid), thereby increasing the storage (adsorption and fixation) of nitrogen in the soil to enhance its fertilizer efficiency. Zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate provide wheat with the trace elements zinc and manganese necessary for growth, and zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate are easily absorbed and utilized directly by wheat roots. Mixing them with ammonium bicarbonate, limestone powder, medical stone powder, and humic acid for application can improve fertilizer efficiency and promote the growth and development of wheat.

[0012] 3. The raw material components of the fertilizer of the present application and their reaction products can provide wheat with the necessary macro-element silicon and medium and trace elements (such as zinc, manganese, boron, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, etc.) for its growth and development. After application to the soil, they can improve soil structure, increase soil permeability, and improve the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity; ammonium bicarbonate and humic acid can be combined to increase the bioavailability of various nutrients required by wheat in limestone powder and medical stone powder and the stability of ammonium nitrogen, thereby increasing the effectiveness and durability of fertilizer nutrients in the soil to meet the wheat crop's demand for fertilizer nutrients throughout its entire growth period, thereby improving the wheat plant's absorption and utilization efficiency of fertilizer nutrients, reducing the number of fertilizer applications, and reducing the amount of fertilizer applied.

[0013] 4. After application, the wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer of the present application can absorb moisture from the condensed air or soil, thereby playing a role in humidification, moisture conservation and drought resistance to a certain extent; on the other hand, the wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer of the present application has a relatively long-lasting fertilizer effect, which can reduce the number of fertilization times (only 2 fertilizations are required during the entire growth period), and no additional fertilizers need to be applied from sowing to harvesting, saving labor and materials, and reducing production costs.

[0014] 5. The raw materials required for the fertilizer in this application are widely available, low-cost, non-toxic and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 These are comparison photos of wheat tillering under different treatments before winter in 2021 in one embodiment of the present application. The left side shows the wheat tillering plant treated with CK; the right side shows the wheat tillering plant treated with A.

[0016] Figure 2 These are comparison photos of wheat under different treatments during the greening and rising period in 2022 in one embodiment of the present application. The left side is the CK treatment; the right side is the A treatment.

[0017] Figure 3 These are comparison photos of wheat under different treatments at the jointing stage in 2022 in one embodiment of the present application. The left side is the CK treatment; the right side is the A treatment.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a comparison photo of wheat grains after harvest under different treatments in 2022 in an embodiment of the present application. The left side is the CK treatment; the right side is the A treatment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the pesticide and adjuvant raw materials involved in the following examples are all commercially available conventional raw materials; the preparation methods, application methods and test methods involved are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0021] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] Example 1 This example relates to a compound fertilizer for promoting wheat growth and increasing yield, which is prepared by the following method: 1. Raw material configuration: the mass ratio of ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate is 920:285:380:190:40:28.

[0023] Limestone powder: particle size: 150 mesh, purchased from Huixian Huaying New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0024] Medical stone powder: particle size: 150 mesh, purchased from Songshan Medical Stone Development Co., Ltd., Dengfeng City, Henan Province.

[0025] 2. Preparation method: Mix all the raw materials in proportion using a horizontal mixer, stir them thoroughly and evenly, then let them stand and age for one week.

[0026] 3. Application method: Apply wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer 60-90kg / 666.67m before wheat sowing. 2 ; Apply 25-35 kg / 666.67 m2 during the emergence and jointing stage.

[0027] When applying fertilizer, it can be applied mechanically or manually according to the size of the land and its own conditions.

[0028] Example 2 This case involves a wheat field cultivation and fertilization verification test 1. Experimental Setup The main indicators for investigation, measurement and testing include the number of effective tillers, number of effective grains per ear, effective grain weight, actual yield, etc.

[0029] Test location: Wang Zhenyan’s land in Nanluzhuang Village, Liyuantun Town, Weihui City, Henan Province.

[0030] Land type: Yellow loam, with a neutral or slightly alkaline pH, strong drought resistance, and average soil fertility.

[0031] Fertilizer used for testing: Wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer; other conventional fertilizers used for demonstration are Stanley compound fertilizers, manufactured by Stanley Plain Fertilizer Co., Ltd.

[0032] The demonstration consists of two areas, each with two treatments. Treatment A: wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer; Treatment CK: conventional fertilization + pesticide; Test crops: Bainong, each area is 666.67m2 The two large areas are arranged adjacently, separated by a ridge. Sowing was carried out for three consecutive years in 2019, 2020, and 2021 to test the effect of compound fertilizers on promoting wheat growth and increasing yield.

[0033] Among them, the sowing was carried out on October 11, 2019. Before sowing, the treatment group A was treated with 65kg / 666.67m 2 The corresponding amount of fertilizer will be used as base fertilizer. At the jointing stage, treatment group A is 45kg / 666.67m 2 The corresponding fertilizer was applied again at the same ratio. The CK group was fertilized as usual. The other management conditions were the same for both groups.

[0034] Sowing was carried out on October 12, 2020. Before sowing, treatment group A was fed with 65kg / 666.67m 2 The corresponding fertilizer was used as base fertilizer at the jointing stage. 2 The corresponding fertilizer was applied again at the same ratio. The CK group was fertilized as usual. The other management conditions were the same for both groups.

[0035] Sowing was carried out on October 10, 2021. Before sowing, treatment group A was treated with 50kg / 666.67m 2 The corresponding fertilizer was used as base fertilizer at the jointing stage. 2 The corresponding fertilizer was applied again at the same ratio. The CK group was fertilized as usual. The other management conditions were the same for both groups.

[0036] Among them, conventional fertilization of wheat: The first fertilization is to use Stanley compound fertilizer 50kg / 666.67m 2 Used as base fertilizer; the second fertilization is done during the wheat jointing period, with Stanley compound fertilizer 25 kg / 666.67m 2 Spread on the ground surface, both times are artificial fertilization.

[0037] Pesticide application: During the wheat heading period, spray 43% tebuconazole (15g / 666.67m2) with 20% chlorpyrifos and thiamethoxam (15g / 666.67m2) diluted with 50kg of water for pest and disease control. Pesticide manufacturer: Shandong Bainongsida Technology Co., Ltd.

[0038] The results of three consecutive years of experimental verification are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from the table that the application of the wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer of this application has a significant yield-increasing effect on wheat, and the number of effective tillers, number of effective grains per ear, and thousand-grain weight are all better than those of wheat using conventional fertilizers. Compared with the control group, the average per-acre yield increase rate of the experimental group was 13.82%, 14.04% and 18.06% respectively, and the soil quality was improved, the soil's water infiltration, water retention and air permeability were enhanced, and underground pests and diseases were significantly reduced. Figure 1 It can be seen intuitively that compared with the experimental control CK, the tillers of treatment A before winter were significantly larger and the root system was more developed. Figure 2 It can be seen that compared with the experimental control CK, the wheat population in the greening and rising period of treatment A grew more vigorously, with dark green leaves, which was obviously better than the control. Figure 3 It can be seen that compared with the experimental control CK at the jointing stage of wheat, the wheat population of treatment A is vigorous, the plant height advantage is obvious, the leaves are wide and the leaves are green. Figure 4 It can be seen that compared with the experimental control, the grain quality of wheat in treatment A has also been significantly improved, the wheat grains are uniform and full, and the appearance and color are good.

[0039] Table 1 Comparison of investigation indicators under different treatments .

[0040] Example 3 This case involves a wheat field cultivation and fertilization verification test 1. Experimental Setup The inspection indicators mainly include the number of effective tillers, the number of effective grains per ear, the effective grain weight, and the actual yield.

[0041] Test location: Zhang Hecai's land in Nanluzhuang Village, Liyuantun Town, Weihui City, Henan Province.

[0042] Test variety: Bainong 419.

[0043] Fertilizers used for testing: compound fertilizers for promoting growth and increasing yield of wheat; other conventional fertilizers used for demonstration are common commercial fertilizers.

[0044] The demonstration consists of four major areas, each with four treatments: Treatment A: wheat fertilizer, the raw materials include: ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, and limestone powder; the weight proportions thereof are: 920:285:380.

[0045] Treatment B: wheat fertilizer, the raw materials include: ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, and medical stone powder; the weight proportions thereof are: 920:285:300.

[0046] Treatment C: Wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer, the raw materials include: ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and manganese sulfate in a weight ratio of 1050:185:450:190:38:28.

[0047] Treatment CK: conventional fertilization.

[0048] Test crop: Bainong 419, 666.67m per plot 2 The four large areas were arranged adjacently, separated by ridges in the middle. Sowing was carried out on October 11, 2019. Before sowing, the treatment groups A, B, and C were 65 kg / 666.67 m 2 The corresponding fertilizer was used as base fertilizer at the jointing stage. 2 The CK group was fertilized as per normal conditions.

[0049] Among them, conventional fertilization of wheat: The first fertilization is to apply Stanley compound fertilizer 50 kg / 666.67m before sowing. 2 Used as base fertilizer; the second fertilization is done during the wheat jointing period, with Stanley compound fertilizer 25 kg / 666.67m 2 Spread on the ground surface, both times are artificial fertilization. Stanley compound fertilizer manufacturer: Stanley Fertilizer Plain Co., Ltd.

[0050] Pesticide application: Use 43% tebuconazole 15g / 666.67m during the wheat heading period 2 Add 20% chlorfenapyr (15g / 666.67m2) and spray to control pests and diseases. Pesticide manufacturer: Shandong Bainongsida Technology Co., Ltd.

[0051] 2. Results and Analysis 2.1 Wheat tillering in different treatment groups In each plot, two random locations were selected to measure the average number of effective tillers, average number of grains per ear, average 1000-kernel weight, and average actual yield for 10 consecutive plants. Table 2 below shows the wheat data for each treatment group. As shown in Table 2, Treatment C performed better than the other groups in terms of tiller number, number of effective grains per ear, 1000-kernel weight, and actual yield.

[0052] Table 2 Comparison of investigation indicators of different treatments .

[0053] In summary, the wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer of the present application can promote the healthy growth of wheat, increase the number of ears per mu, the number of grains per ear and the grain weight of wheat, and achieve the purpose of increasing production; at the same time, it also has the effects of improving soil fertility, promoting the reproduction and activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, improving soil structure, regulating soil pH, and absorbing harmful substances in the soil. It can be seen from Example 3 that the six main raw materials with specific proportions of the wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer of the present application cooperate with each other and coordinate together to achieve the best effect, and none of the six main raw materials can be missing. At the same time, the wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer has an obvious yield-increasing effect, and the use of this wheat growth-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer can reduce the amount of pesticides used on the basis of ensuring yield, reduce pesticide residues and reduce environmental pressure. Although some preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0054] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept of this application. Thus, if such changes and modifications to this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention is prepared by mixing ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate in a weight ratio of 850-1200:260-410:450-650:80-200:20-40:15-25.

2. The wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer comprises effective ingredients of ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate in a weight ratio of 920:285:380:190:40:

28.

3. The wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle size of the limestone powder is 100-300 meshes.

4. The wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle size of the medical stone powder is 100 to 300 meshes.

5. A method for preparing a wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps: According to the raw material ratio of claim 1, ammonium bicarbonate, humic acid, limestone powder, medical stone powder, zinc sulfate monohydrate and manganese sulfate are mixed, stirred thoroughly and evenly, and then sealed and placed at room temperature for at least one day to obtain the product.

6. A high-yield wheat cultivation method, comprising the following steps: Apply the wheat tillering-promoting and yield-increasing compound fertilizer of claim 1, and apply 60-90kg / 666.67m3 of fertilizer before wheat sowing. 2 , apply 25~35kg / 666.67m3 of wheat during the jointing stage 2 .

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