Ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guiding device system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guiding device system and method, and belongs to the technical field of ship safety. According to the ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guiding method, firstly, whether liquefied natural gas leakage occurs on a ship or not is monitored; if yes, collecting leakage state parameters of liquefied natural gas and current environmental data of a sea area where the ship is located; then different leakage consequence databases are matched according to the leakage state parameters, the environment data and whether the liquefied natural gas is combusted and exploded or not, corresponding leakage consequence conditions are obtained, and finally a safe personnel evacuation route is given to guide personnel in the ship to be evacuated rapidly. And the safety when the liquefied natural gas of the ship leaks is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ship safety technology, and in particular to a ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a marine fuel, potential leaks during its transportation and storage have become a significant safety hazard. LNG leaks can not only pollute the environment but also trigger secondary hazards such as fires and explosions, posing a significant threat to the lives of those on board. Traditional ship safety systems have limitations in monitoring LNG leaks. These include incomplete monitoring methods, insufficient consideration of environmental factors, and the fact that the potential consequences of LNG leaks vary depending on the type of leak and ignition source. This leads to limitations in simulating the consequences of leaks, making it difficult to accurately determine the consequences and provide effective evacuation guidance. In the event of an accident, the inability to provide timely and accurate safe evacuation routes for onboard personnel could result in casualties and property damage.

[0003] CN104792661A discloses an integrated experimental platform for liquefied natural gas leakage and diffusion fire, which includes an experimental field and a combustible gas alarm outside the experimental field. The experimental field includes a liquefied natural gas storage and transportation system, a liquid collection tank experimental system, a measurement and control system, and a safety protection system. The various systems cooperate with each other. The liquefied natural gas storage tank transports liquefied natural gas through an insulated hose through a firewall. The insulated hose is connected to different liquid pools or liquefied natural gas trench areas. When conducting experiments in the liquid pools and liquefied natural gas trenches, various experimental data are collected through various sensors and infrared cameras distributed in the experimental field, realizing the measurement of the liquefied natural gas diffusion temperature field, methane concentration distribution, liquefied natural gas combustion temperature field, and thermal radiation field. The evaporation and diffusion characteristics and combustion characteristics of liquefied natural gas are deeply studied, providing data support for the safety layout of liquefied natural gas stations and the research on liquefied natural gas diffusion fire suppression technology.

[0004] CN216053385U discloses a liquefied natural gas leakage accident simulation training system, which includes a material storage module, a material release control module and a leakage simulation module. The material storage module stores natural gas and liquid nitrogen, the material storage module is connected to the material release control module, and the material release control module is connected to the leakage simulation module. The material release control module transports the natural gas or liquid nitrogen in the material storage module to the leakage point on the leakage simulation module.

[0005] However, the above experimental platforms, i.e., simulation training systems, do not comprehensively consider the various environmental conditions encountered in actual maritime navigation and are not suitable for the analysis and treatment of liquefied natural gas leaks on ships.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that can monitor the LNG leakage status of ships in real time, comprehensively consider environmental factors, accurately match the consequences of leakage and effectively guide personnel evacuation, so as to improve the safety of ships in the face of LNG leakage accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a system and method for ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance, which collects liquefied natural gas leakage status parameters and current environmental data of the sea area where the ship is located, accurately matches the corresponding leakage consequences in the leakage consequence database, and provides safe personnel evacuation routes. In the event of a ship liquefied natural gas leak, it can respond quickly and reduce casualties and property losses.

[0008] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for analyzing a liquefied natural gas leak on a ship and guiding an evacuation of personnel, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Monitor whether there is any liquefied natural gas leakage on the ship. If leakage occurs, collect the leakage status parameters of the liquefied natural gas and the current environmental data of the sea area where the ship is located;

[0011] (2) matching corresponding leakage consequence situations from a leakage consequence database according to the leakage state parameters and the environmental data, and providing safe personnel evacuation routes according to the leakage consequence situations;

[0012] The leakage consequence database includes a leakage and diffusion consequence database and a combustion and explosion consequence database; if no liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs, the corresponding leakage consequence situation is matched in the leakage and diffusion consequence database; if a liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs, the corresponding leakage consequence situation is matched in the combustion and explosion consequence database;

[0013] (3) Guide the evacuation of personnel on board the vessel according to the safe evacuation routes.

[0014] The ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance method described in the present invention matches the collected real-time liquefied natural gas leakage status parameters and the current environmental data of the sea area where the ship is located, as well as whether the liquefied natural gas has burned or exploded, with a previously established leakage consequence database to obtain a corresponding leakage diffusion consequence database or a combustion and explosion consequence database, accurately determine the danger level and scope of the leakage accident, and provide a safe personnel evacuation route, thereby reducing casualties and property losses caused by the leakage accident and improving the overall safety of the ship when facing a liquefied natural gas leakage accident.

[0015] Preferably, the leakage state parameters of the liquefied natural gas in step (1) include the leakage form of the liquefied natural gas, the size of the leakage aperture, the leakage position, the initial leakage pressure and the leakage speed.

[0016] In the present invention, a high-definition camera can be used for video monitoring to confirm the leakage form and leakage location; the leakage hole can be photographed by a camera, and the leakage hole size can be accurately measured by using graphic analysis software through image processing technology; the initial leakage pressure can be measured by installing a pressure sensor on the liquefied natural gas storage tank; and the leakage rate can be measured by installing a mass flow meter on the liquefied natural gas storage tank.

[0017] Preferably, the leakage forms include continuous leakage and instantaneous leakage.

[0018] Preferably, the environmental data in step (1) is collected by a ship meteorological instrument.

[0019] Preferably, the environmental data includes wind speed, wind direction, temperature, air pressure and atmospheric stability.

[0020] Preferably, the leakage consequence database is obtained through the following simulation steps:

[0021] (a) After constructing a three-dimensional ship model based on the ship's size, shape, compartment layout, LNG tank location, and LNG tank specifications, the ship is divided into several grid cells;

[0022] (b) After setting historical LNG leakage state parameters and historical environmental data, determine whether the LNG has been ignited. If the LNG has not been ignited, simulate the change in LNG concentration distribution after the LNG leak and calculate the LNG concentration distribution at different times and locations. Based on the explosion limit of natural gas and the tolerance of personnel to natural gas, analyze the LNG concentration in each grid cell, determine the dangerous areas and safe areas under the leakage and diffusion state, form a leakage and diffusion consequence database, and provide safe personnel evacuation routes under leakage and diffusion conditions.

[0023] (c) If liquefied natural gas is ignited, different fire and explosion models are simulated based on historical liquefied natural gas leakage state parameters, historical environmental data, and ignition status. The fire spread process, flame temperature, radiant heat flux, and the degree of damage to the ship structure, equipment, and personnel caused by the overpressure generated by the explosion are simulated to derive the dangerous and safe areas under the combustion and explosion state, form a combustion and explosion consequence database, and provide safe evacuation routes for personnel under combustion and explosion conditions.

[0024] The concentration distribution change of liquefied natural gas after leakage in the present invention is calculated by the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Where, is the mass concentration of the leaked substance at the coordinate point (x, y, x, z) at time t; Q is the leakage rate (kg / s); are the diffusion coefficients on the x, y, and z axes (m), respectively; x, y, z are the coordinate values ​​on the x, y, and z axes (m), u represents the average wind speed (m / s), t represents the diffusion time (s), and H represents the height of the leakage source (m).

[0027] The lower limit of the explosion limit of natural gas in the present invention is 35800 , the upper limit is 107500 The maximum tolerance of personnel to natural gas is 6700 . With 6700 、35800 、107500 The three concentration values ​​are used as boundaries to divide the dangerous areas. and 107500 The area enclosed by the two isoconcentration lines may cause combustion and explosion accidents, and fire sources should be avoided in this area; 6700 The area outside the concentration line is harmful to the human body and workers should avoid entering this area.

[0028] The degree of damage caused by the heat radiation flux of the present invention to the ship structure, equipment and personnel on board the ship is shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1

[0030] Select the thermal radiation flux as 1.6 The following are safe areas and personnel should avoid entering areas exceeding this value.

[0031] The degree of damage to the ship structure, equipment and personnel on board caused by the overpressure generated by the explosion of the present invention is shown in Table 2.

[0032] Table 2

[0033]

[0034] The overpressure below 0.030MPa is selected as the safe area, and personnel should avoid entering areas exceeding this value.

[0035] Preferably, the ignition state in step (c) includes ignition and non-ignition, wherein ignition includes direct ignition and delayed ignition.

[0036] Direct ignition, as defined in this disclosure, refers to the immediate presence or contact of an ignition source (such as an open flame, spark, or hot surface) upon a liquefied natural gas (LNG) leak, causing the leaked gas to rapidly combust or explode. Delayed ignition occurs when LNG leaks do not encounter an ignition source for a certain period of time, but then combust or explode for some reason (such as the leaked gas spreading to other areas and coming into contact with an ignition source). In a marine environment, direct ignition may occur due to equipment failure leading to simultaneous leakage and spark generation, while delayed ignition may occur when leaked gas is blown by wind to other areas and comes into contact with an ignition source.

[0037] Schematic diagram of different fire and explosion consequences caused by liquefied natural gas leakage Figure 1 As shown, depending on whether the liquefied natural gas is leaking continuously or instantaneously, and whether it ignites immediately or delays ignition, different situations may occur, such as jet fire, vapor cloud explosion, no fire, boiling liquid extending vapor explosion and pool fire.

[0038] Preferably, the fire and explosion models in step (c) include a pool fire model, a vapor cloud explosion model, a boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion model, and a jet fire model.

[0039] The pool fire model described in the present invention is applicable to the situation where a liquid pool is formed and burns on the ground after a liquefied natural gas leak, and can accurately simulate the intensity of thermal radiation; the vapor cloud explosion model is mainly used to simulate the situation where the flammable gas cloud formed after a liquefied natural gas leak encounters an ignition source and explodes, and can calculate the hazards of the explosion overpressure to the ship structure and personnel; the boiling liquid expansion vapor explosion model is aimed at the situation where a large amount of liquefied natural gas leaks and quickly vaporizes, and can simulate the resulting strong explosion and fireball spread process; the jet fire model is applicable to the scenario where liquefied natural gas leaks from high-pressure equipment or pipelines and forms a jet flame, and can evaluate the thermal radiation hazard of the jet fire to the surrounding environment.

[0040] The calculation formulas involved in each fire and explosion model of the present invention are as follows:

[0041] The calculation formula for the thermal radiation intensity of the pool fire model flame surface is:

[0042]

[0043] Where I is the thermal radiation intensity of the flame surface, ; D is the diameter of the liquid pool, m; is the liquid mass combustion rate, ; f is the thermal radiation coefficient, which is taken as 0.15; The heat of LNG combustion is usually taken ; L is the flame height, m.

[0044] The calculation formula for the overpressure value of the steam cloud explosion model is:

[0045]

[0046] Where, is the overpressure value generated by the steam cloud explosion ( ), is the TNT equivalent value (kg), and x is the distance from the center of the steam cloud explosion to the pressure measuring point, in m.

[0047] in, Calculated using the following formula:

[0048]

[0049] Where, is the ground explosion coefficient (the empirical value is 1.8), is the free vapor cloud equivalent coefficient, M is the total mass of the diffuse vapor cloud (kg), which is also the total mass of the fuel; is the heat of combustion (J / kg); It is the heat value generated by the explosion of unit TNT (J / kg).

[0050] The calculation formula for the thermal radiation intensity on the fireball surface of the boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion model is:

[0051]

[0052] Where I is the thermal radiation intensity of the fireball, ; SEP is the thermal emissivity of the fireball surface (J / ); is the visual coefficient; is the atmospheric heat transfer coefficient.

[0053] Among them, SEP is calculated by the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] Where, is the effective combustion heat of the fireball (J / kg); is the thermal radiation energy ratio of the fireball surface; is the mass of combustible material involved in the explosion (kg); is the radius of the fireball (m); is the fireball duration (s).

[0056] Calculated using the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] Where, is the height of the fireball (m); x is the distance between the center of the fireball and the projection of the target on the ground, m.

[0059] Calculated using the following formula:

[0060]

[0061] Where, is the water vapor pressure in air at ambient temperature ( ), X is the distance from the fireball surface, m.

[0062] The calculation formula for the thermal radiation intensity of the jet fire model flame surface is:

[0063]

[0064] Where I is the thermal radiation intensity, ; is the radiation efficiency factor, generally taken as 0.35; The heat of LNG combustion is usually taken ; Q is the leakage rate, kg / s; is the atmospheric transmission coefficient, which is 1; r is the distance from the leakage point, in meters.

[0065] Preferably, when the ship structure, the equipment layout on the ship, or the location and specifications of the liquefied natural gas storage tanks change, the leakage consequence database described in step (2) is updated to ensure that the leakage consequence database can always accurately reflect the leakage consequences under the current state of the ship, providing reliable decision support for personnel evacuation guidance.

[0066] Preferably, the safe evacuation route for personnel in step (3) is displayed by an electronic evacuation indicator sign at a safe area derived from the consequences of the leakage.

[0067] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance method includes the following steps:

[0068] (1) Monitor whether there is a liquefied natural gas (LNG) leak on the ship. If a leak occurs, collect the LNG leakage status parameters and the current environmental data of the sea area where the ship is located; the LNG leakage status parameters include the LNG leakage form, leakage aperture size, leakage location, initial leakage pressure and leakage speed; the leakage form includes continuous leakage and instantaneous leakage; the environmental data is collected through the ship's meteorological instrument; the environmental data includes wind speed, wind direction, temperature, air pressure and atmospheric stability;

[0069] (2) matching corresponding leakage consequence conditions from a leakage consequence database based on the leakage state parameters and the environmental data, and providing safe personnel evacuation routes based on the leakage consequence conditions; the leakage consequence database includes a leakage diffusion consequence database and a combustion and explosion consequence database; if no liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs, matching corresponding leakage consequence conditions in the leakage diffusion consequence database; if liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs, matching corresponding leakage consequence conditions in the combustion and explosion consequence database;

[0070] The leakage consequence database is obtained through the following simulation steps:

[0071] (a) After constructing a three-dimensional ship model based on the ship's size, shape, compartment layout, LNG tank location, and LNG tank specifications, the ship is divided into several grid cells;

[0072] (b) After setting historical LNG leakage state parameters and historical environmental data, determine whether the LNG has been ignited. If the LNG has not been ignited, simulate the change in LNG concentration distribution after the LNG leak and calculate the LNG concentration distribution at different times and locations. Based on the explosion limit of natural gas and the tolerance of personnel to natural gas, analyze the LNG concentration in each grid cell, determine the dangerous areas and safe areas under the leakage and diffusion state, form a leakage and diffusion consequence database, and provide safe personnel evacuation routes under leakage and diffusion conditions.

[0073] (c) If LNG is ignited, different fire and explosion models are simulated based on historical LNG leakage parameters, historical environmental data, and ignition conditions. The fire spread, flame temperature, radiant heat flux, and the degree of damage to the ship structure, equipment, and personnel caused by the overpressure generated by the explosion are simulated. The dangerous and safe areas under the combustion and explosion conditions are determined, forming a combustion and explosion consequence database, and providing safe evacuation routes for personnel under combustion and explosion conditions.

[0074] The ignition state includes ignition and non-ignition, wherein ignition includes direct ignition and delayed ignition; the fire and explosion models include pool fire model, vapor cloud explosion model, boiling liquid extended vapor explosion model and jet fire model;

[0075] updating the leakage consequence database when there are changes to the ship structure, the layout of equipment on board the ship, or the location and specifications of the LNG tanks;

[0076] (3) Guide the evacuation of personnel on board the vessel according to the safe evacuation routes indicated by the electronic evacuation signs in the safe areas determined by the consequences of the leakage.

[0077] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system, wherein the ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system performs the ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance method described in the first aspect;

[0078] The ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system includes a leakage status monitoring module, an environmental data acquisition module, a leakage consequence matching module and a personnel evacuation guidance module;

[0079] The leakage status monitoring module and the environmental data acquisition module are both connected to the leakage consequence matching module; the leakage consequence matching module and the personnel evacuation guidance module are connected in sequence.

[0080] In the ship-based liquefied natural gas (LNG) leak analysis and evacuation guidance system described herein, the leakage status monitoring module monitors whether a LNG leak has occurred on board the ship and, if so, collects LNG leakage status parameters. The environmental data acquisition module collects current environmental data of the sea area in which the ship is located. The leakage consequence matching module matches the LNG leakage status parameters collected by the leakage status monitoring module with the environmental data collected by the environmental data acquisition module, and then matches the corresponding leakage consequences in a leakage consequence database, providing a safe evacuation route. The evacuation guidance module guides the evacuation of personnel on board according to the safe evacuation route. The present invention monitors and analyzes LNG leaks on board a ship, combines environmental data with information about combustion and explosion of LNG, matches the leak and diffusion consequences database with an appropriate database of combustion and explosion consequences, and determines a safe evacuation route, significantly reducing casualties and property losses caused by LNG leaks on board a ship.

[0081] Preferably, the leakage status monitoring module includes an open-circuit laser gas detector.

[0082] Preferably, the personnel evacuation guidance module includes an emergency broadcast device, an audible and visual alarm device, and an electronic evacuation indicator sign, wherein the emergency broadcast device is used to inform the crew and passengers of the accident location and degree of danger, and issue clear evacuation instructions; the audible and visual alarm device flashes lights and sounds an alarm to remind personnel to evacuate; the electronic evacuation indicator sign will dynamically adjust the indication direction according to the current accident situation and evacuation route to ensure that personnel can quickly and accurately find a safe exit.

[0083] Preferably, the personnel evacuation guidance module is connected to the ship communication device system, and can send accident information and distress signals to the shore-based management department to obtain external support and guidance, thereby comprehensively improving the efficiency and safety of personnel evacuation.

[0084] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0085] The ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device method provided by the present invention transmits the leakage status parameters of liquefied natural gas and the current environmental data of the sea area where the ship is located to a leakage consequence database constructed based on historical liquefied natural gas leakage status parameters and historical environmental data for matching, and obtains the corresponding leakage consequences, thereby accurately judging the danger level and scope of the leakage accident; based on the danger level and scope of the leakage accident, a safe and accurate evacuation route is given, guiding the personnel on the ship to evacuate the dangerous area quickly and orderly, greatly improving the overall safety of the ship in the event of a liquefied natural gas leakage accident. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of different fire and explosion consequences caused by liquefied natural gas leakage.

[0087] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage and guiding personnel evacuation on board a ship according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of forming a leakage consequence database in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of module connections of a ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance system in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0091] The present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are merely simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0092] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage on a ship and guiding personnel evacuation is provided, and its flow chart is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0093] The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage on a ship and guiding personnel evacuation comprises the following steps:

[0094] (1) Monitor whether there is any liquefied natural gas leakage on the ship. If leakage occurs, collect the leakage status parameters of the liquefied natural gas and the current environmental data of the sea area where the ship is located;

[0095] The leakage state parameters of the liquefied natural gas include the leakage form, leakage aperture size, leakage location, initial leakage pressure and leakage speed of the liquefied natural gas; the leakage form includes continuous leakage and instantaneous leakage; the environmental data is collected by a ship meteorological instrument; the environmental data includes wind speed, wind direction, temperature, air pressure and atmospheric stability;

[0096] (2) matching corresponding leakage consequence situations from a leakage consequence database according to the leakage state parameters and the environmental data, and providing safe personnel evacuation routes according to the leakage consequence situations;

[0097] The leakage consequence database includes a leakage and diffusion consequence database and a combustion and explosion consequence database; if no liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs, the corresponding leakage consequence situation is matched in the leakage and diffusion consequence database; if a liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs, the corresponding leakage consequence situation is matched in the combustion and explosion consequence database;

[0098] The leakage consequence database is obtained through the following simulation steps, and its flow chart is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0099] (a) After constructing a three-dimensional ship model based on the ship's size, shape, compartment layout, LNG tank location, and LNG tank specifications, the ship is divided into several grid cells;

[0100] (b) After setting historical LNG leakage state parameters and historical environmental data, determine whether the LNG has been ignited. If the LNG has not been ignited, simulate the change in LNG concentration distribution after the LNG leak and calculate the LNG concentration distribution at different times and locations. Based on the explosion limit of natural gas and the tolerance of personnel to natural gas, analyze the LNG concentration in each grid cell, determine the dangerous areas and safe areas under the leakage and diffusion state, form a leakage and diffusion consequence database, and provide safe personnel evacuation routes under leakage and diffusion conditions.

[0101] (c) If liquefied natural gas is ignited, different fire and explosion models are simulated based on historical liquefied natural gas leakage state parameters, historical environmental data, and ignition conditions. The fire spread process, flame temperature, radiant heat flux, and the degree of damage to the ship structure, equipment, and personnel caused by the overpressure generated by the explosion are simulated. The dangerous and safe areas under the combustion and explosion conditions are determined, forming a combustion and explosion consequence database, and providing safe personnel evacuation routes under combustion and explosion conditions;

[0102] The ignition state includes ignition and non-ignition, wherein ignition includes direct ignition and delayed ignition; the fire and explosion models include pool fire model, vapor cloud explosion model, boiling liquid extended vapor explosion model and jet fire model;

[0103] updating the leakage consequence database when there are changes to the ship structure, the layout of equipment on board the ship, or the location and specifications of the LNG tanks;

[0104] (3) Guide the evacuation of personnel on board the vessel according to the safe evacuation routes indicated by the electronic evacuation signs in the safe areas determined by the consequences of the leakage.

[0105] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system is also provided, and its module connection diagram is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0106] The ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system performs the above-mentioned ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance method;

[0107] The ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system includes a leakage status monitoring module, an environmental data acquisition module, a leakage consequence matching module and a personnel evacuation guidance module; the leakage status monitoring module and the environmental data acquisition module are both connected to the leakage consequence matching module; the leakage consequence matching module and the personnel evacuation guidance module are connected in sequence.

[0108] The leakage status monitoring module is an open-circuit laser gas detector.

[0109] The personnel evacuation guidance module includes an emergency broadcast device, an audible and visual alarm device, and an electronic evacuation indication sign.

[0110] The personnel evacuation guidance module is connected to the ship communication device system (not shown in the figure).

[0111] In summary, the ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance method provided by the present invention determines whether a liquefied natural gas leak occurs on the ship through monitoring. If a leak occurs, the leakage status parameters of the liquefied natural gas and the current environmental data of the sea area where the ship is located are collected, and the leakage diffusion consequence database or the combustion and explosion consequence database is matched according to whether a liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs. According to the leakage consequence situation given by the database, a safe personnel evacuation route is obtained, and the personnel on the ship are quickly guided to evacuate in time, thereby improving the safety of the ship in the event of a liquefied natural gas leak and being suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0112] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage on a ship and guiding personnel evacuation, characterized in that: The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage on a ship and guiding personnel evacuation comprises the following steps: (1) Monitor whether there is any liquefied natural gas leakage on the ship. If leakage occurs, collect the leakage status parameters of the liquefied natural gas and the current environmental data of the sea area where the ship is located; (2) matching corresponding leakage consequence situations from a leakage consequence database according to the leakage state parameters and the environmental data, and providing safe personnel evacuation routes according to the leakage consequence situations; The leakage consequence database includes a leakage and diffusion consequence database and a combustion and explosion consequence database; if no liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs, the corresponding leakage consequence situation is matched in the leakage and diffusion consequence database; if a liquefied natural gas combustion and explosion occurs, the corresponding leakage consequence situation is matched in the combustion and explosion consequence database; (3) Guide the evacuation of personnel on board the vessel according to the safe evacuation routes.

2. The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage and guiding personnel evacuation on board a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage state parameters of the liquefied natural gas in step (1) include the leakage form of the liquefied natural gas, the size of the leakage aperture, the leakage position, the initial leakage pressure and the leakage speed; The leakage forms include continuous leakage and instantaneous leakage.

3. The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage and guiding personnel evacuation on board a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental data in step (1) is collected by a ship meteorological instrument; The environmental data includes wind speed, wind direction, temperature, air pressure and atmospheric stability.

4. The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage and guiding personnel evacuation on board a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage consequence database in step (2) is obtained through the following simulation steps: (a) After constructing a three-dimensional ship model based on the ship's size, shape, compartment layout, LNG tank location, and LNG tank specifications, the ship is divided into several grid cells; (b) After setting historical LNG leakage state parameters and historical environmental data, determine whether the LNG has been ignited. If the LNG has not been ignited, simulate the change in LNG concentration distribution after the LNG leak and calculate the LNG concentration distribution at different times and locations. Based on the explosion limit of natural gas and the tolerance of personnel to natural gas, analyze the LNG concentration in each grid cell, determine the dangerous areas and safe areas under the leakage and diffusion state, form a leakage and diffusion consequence database, and provide safe personnel evacuation routes under leakage and diffusion conditions. (c) If liquefied natural gas is ignited, different fire and explosion models are simulated based on historical liquefied natural gas leakage state parameters, historical environmental data, and ignition status. The fire spread process, flame temperature, radiant heat flux, and the degree of damage to the ship structure, equipment, and personnel caused by the overpressure generated by the explosion are simulated to derive the dangerous and safe areas under the combustion and explosion state, form a combustion and explosion consequence database, and provide safe evacuation routes for personnel under combustion and explosion conditions.

5. The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage and guiding personnel evacuation on board a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ignition state in step (c) includes ignition and non-ignition, wherein ignition includes direct ignition and delayed ignition.

6. The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage and guiding personnel evacuation on board a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fire and explosion models in step (c) include a pool fire model, a vapor cloud explosion model, a boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion model, and a jet fire model.

7. The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage and guiding personnel evacuation on board a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the ship structure, the equipment layout on the ship, or the location and specifications of the liquefied natural gas storage tanks change, the leakage consequence database described in step (2) is updated.

8. The method for analyzing liquefied natural gas leakage and guiding personnel evacuation on board a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safe evacuation route for personnel in step (3) is displayed by electronic evacuation signs at safe areas derived from the consequences of the leakage.

9. A ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system, characterized in that: The ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system performs the ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance method according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance device system includes a leakage status monitoring module, an environmental data acquisition module, a leakage consequence matching module and a personnel evacuation guidance module; The leakage status monitoring module and the environmental data acquisition module are both connected to the leakage consequence matching module; the leakage consequence matching module and the personnel evacuation guidance module are connected in sequence.

10. The ship liquefied natural gas leakage analysis and personnel evacuation guidance system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The leakage status monitoring module includes an open-circuit laser gas detector; The personnel evacuation guidance module includes an emergency broadcast device, an audible and visual alarm device, and an electronic evacuation indication sign; The personnel evacuation guidance module is connected to the ship communication device system.

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