Method and system for dynamically and preferentially starting ADS-B function in multi-RRH environment

Abstract

The invention provides a method and system for dynamically and preferentially starting an ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment, and the method comprises the steps: receiving ADS-B broadcast information through all RRHs fusing the ADS-B function, and collecting the receiving quality parameters in real time (the receiving quality is judged through the number of ADS-B messages received in unit time, the number of aircrafts effectively recognized and the maximum receiving distance); the ADS-B broadcast information and the receiving quality parameters are reported to the DU; and obtaining the current communication load state of each RRH in real time through the DU, obtaining an optimal RRH node based on the receiving quality parameter and the current communication load state, and carrying out dynamic sensing on the ADS-B by using the optimal RRH node. According to the method, the optimal RRH node is dynamically selected according to the communication load and the ADS-B receiving quality, the resource utilization efficiency of the system is effectively improved, the method is suitable for low-altitude airspace communication infrastructure construction, and technical support is provided for deep fusion of future aviation and communication systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and system for dynamically optimizing and enabling an ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment. Background Art

[0002] ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) is a broadcast aircraft surveillance technology that uses pulse position modulation (PPM) to achieve air traffic management by having aircraft broadcast their own position, speed and other information.

[0003] The Remote Radio Head (RRH) is a core component of modern wireless communication systems, primarily responsible for transmitting and receiving RF signals, filtering, amplifying, and performing A / D and D / A conversion. It converts digital signals processed by the baseband unit (BBU) into RF signals (up-converting them) and transmits them through the antenna. It also converts received RF signals (down-converting them) into digital signals and sends them back to the BBU for processing. It is a commonly used distributed architecture component in current 4G and 5G communication systems.

[0004] Traditional ADS-B receivers are generally deployed independently and isolated from wireless communication systems. This not only leads to equipment redundancy but also increases the complexity of system deployment and maintenance.

[0005] With the rapid development of the low-altitude industry, while aviation surveillance (such as ADS-B) and wireless communications (such as RRH) have matured in their respective technologies, they remain significantly fragmented in practical applications, lacking integration, interoperability, and collaboration between the systems. However, with the increasing demand for low-altitude airspace management and low-altitude communication support, the need to integrate aviation surveillance and communication systems is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0006] First, from the perspective of system functional architecture, the ADS-B receiver and RRH are highly similar in physical structure and signal processing flow, both including RF reception, filtering, up / down conversion, analog-to-digital conversion, and digital signal processing. This architectural consistency provides a good foundation for the integration of the two at the hardware level.

[0007] Secondly, the broadcast information received by ADS-B can be directly uploaded to the regulatory platform through the existing data channels of the RRH, without the need to deploy a separate data return link. This channel multiplexing method not only simplifies the system architecture, but also significantly reduces the overall construction cost.

[0008] However, in existing technologies, ADS-B systems and communication RRHs are usually deployed on independent platforms, unable to share hardware resources and a unified management and maintenance system. This results in poor interoperability between systems and high operation and maintenance costs, making it difficult to support the construction needs of future low-altitude integrated communication regulatory systems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for dynamically optimizing the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0010] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for dynamically enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment, including: Receive ADS-B broadcast information and collect reception quality parameters in real time through each wireless communication radio frequency unit RRH, and report the ADS-B broadcast information and the reception quality parameters to the dispatching unit DU; The current communication load status of each RRH is obtained in real time through the DU, the optimal RRH node is obtained based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load status, and the optimal RRH node is used to dynamically perceive ADS-B.

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention provides a system for dynamically enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment, including: A data acquisition module is configured to receive ADS-B broadcast information through each wireless communication radio frequency unit (RRH) and collect reception quality parameters in real time, and report the ADS-B broadcast information and the reception quality parameters to the dispatching unit (DU); The intelligent scheduling module is used to obtain the current communication load status of each RRH in real time through the DU, obtain the optimal RRH node based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load status, and use the optimal RRH node to dynamically perceive ADS-B.

[0012] The use of the embodiments of the present invention may bring the following beneficial effects: The embodiments of the present invention propose a method for realizing ADS-B perception based on RRH, which does not require the additional deployment of dedicated ADS-B receivers and utilizes existing RRH equipment to realize functional integration, significantly reducing construction and maintenance costs; and through hardware sharing and intelligent scheduling, it reduces equipment redundancy and effectively improves the overall integration of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 Flowchart of a method for dynamically optimizing and enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of reading an ADS-B information list according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of updating ADS-B information reported according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process of terminating subscription alarms according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a flowchart of specific implementation steps of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for dynamically optimizing and enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in one or more embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this document.

[0016] Method Example According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for dynamically optimizing and enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment is provided. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for dynamically optimizing the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method for dynamically preferentially enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes: Step S101: receiving ADS-B broadcast information and collecting reception quality parameters in real time through each wireless communication radio frequency unit (RRH), and reporting the ADS-B broadcast information and the reception quality parameters to a dispatching unit (DU); The reception quality parameters include the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time, the number of effectively identified aircraft, and the maximum receiving distance; Step S102, obtaining the current communication load status of each RRH in real time through the DU, obtaining the optimal RRH node based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load status, and dynamically sensing ADS-B using the optimal RRH node, specifically including: Scoring each RRH using Formula 1 and Formula 2 based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load state, and selecting the RRH node with the highest score as the optimal RRH node; Formula 1; Formula 2; in, It represents the normalized value of the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time. represents the normalized value of the number of unique aircraft, Indicates the normalized value of the maximum receiving distance, 、 、 Represents the weights of the three indicators, satisfying , represents the receiving link quality score of the i-th RRH, represents the normalized value of the communication load of the i-th RRH, is the load sensitive weighting factor, represents the score of the i-th RRH; The current communication load status includes the number of currently connected user terminals, uplink and downlink real-time service traffic, local processor or FPGA resource utilization, and time slot scheduling intensity; The method further comprises: Re-evaluate and schedule the optimal RRH node according to a preset evaluation period or when ADS-B reception performance degrades and communication load suddenly increases; And based on the O-RAN NETCONF management framework, it provides ADS-B information list reading, push notification, subscription and unsubscription services to the client.

[0017] The above technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the specific situation of a method for dynamically preferentially enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The embodiment of the present invention integrates the ADS-B receiving function in the RRH, eliminating the need for additional deployment of dedicated ADS-B receivers, thereby reducing deployment costs, improving system integration, and achieving deep integration of communications and aviation supervision. It is particularly suitable for the construction of low-altitude airspace communication infrastructure. Typically, multiple radio frequency units on the base station side are connected to a baseband processing unit via optical fibers. In an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent scheduling method in an ADS-B and RRH fusion system is first provided, which is used to dynamically select the optimal RRH node in a multi-RRH deployment environment to enable the ADS-B monitoring function, thereby improving system resource utilization efficiency and ADS-B reception performance, and reducing the management plane load between the baseband unit and the radio frequency unit; it is also necessary to design a communication mechanism between the RRU and the BBU to ensure the correctness of information transmission. The embodiment of the present invention does not involve the encoding and decoding of ADS-B information.

[0019] 1. ADS-B Master Equipment Selection Considering that the ADS-B protocol itself is a one-way broadcast mechanism, it only includes fields such as aircraft identification information, flight status information and additional status information, and does not include typical communication quality indicators such as received signal strength (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), multipath effect or link quality. Therefore, the quality of its deployment location cannot be directly judged at the protocol level.

[0020] To achieve precise deployment of ADS-B reception capabilities and optimal utilization of system resources, a multi-RRH (Remote Radio Head) collaborative evaluation and selection mechanism based on a centralized architecture is proposed. The system is assumed to consist of at least four RRHs with ADS-B reception capabilities. All RRHs are connected to a unified distributed unit (DU) via fronthaul links, which centrally manages and schedules the activation of ADS-B capabilities.

[0021] The mechanism includes the following core steps: 1. Initialization phase Upon system startup or after a pre-set time interval, all RRHs will simultaneously enter ADS-B listening mode. Within the pre-set time window, each RRH will passively receive ADS-B broadcast signals and locally record the following key performance parameters: A. Number of ADS-B messages received per unit time (Message Rate): reflects the air traffic density and signal accessibility in the area; B. Number of effectively identified aircraft (Aircraft Count): used to determine the number of observable targets; C. Maximum Receiving Range (Max Range): The distance to the farthest target that can be sensed is calculated using decoded ADS-B position information, indirectly reflecting link gain and line-of-sight conditions.

[0022] The above three indicators together constitute a proxy indicator system for receiving link quality, which serves as an alternative parameter when RSSI or SNR is not available in traditional wireless communications.

[0023] 2. Performance reporting stage After the monitoring window ends, each RRH transmits locally collected ADS-B performance data back to the DU via the fronthaul link. To reduce bandwidth usage, this performance information can be transmitted in a normalized and compressed format. The DU, as the system scheduling core, aggregates the ADS-B capability data from all RRHs to form a holistic perception view.

[0024] 3. Load sensing stage The DU also obtains the current communication load status of each RRH, including but not limited to: the number of currently connected user terminals; uplink and downlink real-time service traffic; local processor / FPGA resource utilization; time slot scheduling intensity, etc.

[0025] These parameters are used to measure the current level of communication traffic carried by the RRH and provide constraints for subsequent scheduling decisions.

[0026] 4. Optimal selection and evaluation stage DU scores all RRHs based on a pre-set comprehensive scoring function. The scoring function takes into account the ADS-B reception quality and communication load weight, and is defined as follows: (1); in, is the quality score of the receiving link of the i-th RRH (calculated by weighting after normalization of the above three proxy indicators); represents the normalized value of the communication load of the i-th RRH (e.g., between 0 and 1); is the load sensitive weighting factor, represents the score of the i-th RRH.

[0027] By adjusting The value of can dynamically control the system's scheduling tendency to prioritize ADS-B performance or communication resource protection.

[0028] In the optimization evaluation stage, the core is to build a reasonable scoring model. It is broken down into the weighted sum of the following three indicators: (2); in, It represents the normalized value of the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time; represents the normalized value of the number of unique aircraft; Indicates the normalized value of the maximum receiving distance; 、 、 Represents the weights of the three indicators, satisfying .

[0029] The model is highly adjustable and adaptable to the environment, and supports dynamic weight adjustment strategies (for example, the communication load weight can be appropriately relaxed when the load decreases at night).

[0030] 5. Optimal RRH selection and activation stage The DU selects the RRH node with the highest score and sends it a control instruction to enable the ADS-B function, so that it can continuously receive ADS-B message information; the remaining RRHs retain the communication function.

[0031] 6. Maintenance and update stage The system can be set up for regular evaluation cycles, or automatically re-execute the above scheduling process when it detects ADS-B performance degradation or a sudden increase in communication load.

[0032] Through the above implementation, the intelligent integrated deployment of ADS-B functions in the multi-RRH system is realized, which reduces the repeated configuration of equipment and resource waste, and effectively improves the overall operation efficiency of the system.

[0033] II. ADS-B Information Management The ADS-B management mechanism is based on the O-RAN NETCONF management framework and covers control plane messages for O-RUs or peer devices. This mechanism includes two operational entities: the ADS-B server and the ADS-B client. The terms server and client are used below to simplify the description.

[0034] Operating entity: 1) Server: NETCONF Server, located on the RU or peer device.

[0035] 2) Client: NETCONF Client, located on the DU / BBU or peer device.

[0036] The server is the main body that maintains ADS-B information. It maintains an "active information list" internally and sends "information notifications" to subscribed entities when ADS-B information changes. The information notification only contains the changed part and will not push all current ADS-Bs as a whole.

[0037] The server provides the following main functions: "Read ADS-B information list", "Notify", "Subscribe", and "Unsubscribe". Read ADS-B information list: The client can use this function to obtain all currently active alarm information from the server.

[0038] Subscribe / Unsubscribe: The client initiates a request to the server to subscribe to or stop the notification service.

[0039] Notification: The server pushes notifications to the client when the alarm information changes.

[0040] Specifically: 1. Read the ADS-B information list, such as Figure 2 As shown: The client reads the ADS-B information list through the NETCONF RPC operation "get".

[0041] "Read ADS-B Information List" is a full-table operation with a strong initialization nature. It is primarily used during the management relationship establishment phase to obtain the initial state of ADS-B information. During operation, this method can also be used periodically to synchronize the full table information between the alarm management and control parties to prevent long-term information loss caused by unexpected situations.

[0042] 2. Report ADS-B information updates, such as Figure 3 As shown: After a NETCONF client subscribes to alert notifications, the NETCONF server is responsible for sending alert notifications (ADS-B notifs) to the client. ADS-B information is reported as information notifications. The server, based on filtering criteria, sends alert notifications to the subscriber (client) when it detects alert changes that require notification. Notifications are sent on a per-item basis; not all information is sent to the client.

[0043] 3. Terminate the subscription alert process, such as Figure 4 As shown: If you want to terminate the subscription, the client sends a " <close-session>” to do so.

[0044] In summary, the design of the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following aspects: A. Hardware integration: Integrate the ADS-B receiving function into the wireless communication radio frequency unit (RRH) to achieve hardware resource sharing and reduce equipment redundancy.

[0045] B. Intelligent Scheduling: Dynamically select the optimal RRH node to enable the ADS-B function, balancing communication load and ADS-B reception performance.

[0046] C. Data multiplexing: Utilize the existing data channels of the RRH to upload ADS-B information, avoiding the need to deploy a separate backhaul link.

[0047] D. Management Framework: ADS-B information subscription, notification, and update are implemented based on the O-RAN NETCONF management framework to ensure efficient information synchronization.

[0048] E. Scoring Model: Comprehensive Scoring Function Used in Dynamic Scheduling and its parameter settings.

[0049] F. Information management mechanism: Design of ADS-B information subscription, notification, and termination processes based on NETCONF.

[0050] G. Hardware Design: Design of the hardware modules that implement the ADS-B reception function in the RRH, including RF signal processing, filtering, and frequency conversion.

[0051] Preferably, the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a fixed allocation scheme, that is, a part of the RRHs are pre-allocated specifically for ADS-B reception and do not participate in dynamic scheduling; and a distributed processing scheme, that is, each RRH independently processes the ADS-B signal and summarizes the results to the supervision platform.

[0052] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, the implementation steps of the embodiment of the present invention include: Step 501: All RRHs receive ADS-B broadcast information and collect reception quality parameters; Step 502: Each RRH reports the collected data to the dispatch unit (DU); Step 503: The DU synchronously obtains the current communication load status of each RRH; Step 504: The DU calculates the comprehensive score of each RRH according to the preset scoring model; Step 505: DU selects the optimal RRH and issues an instruction to enable ADS-B; Step 506: Other RRHs disable the ADS-B function; Step 507 (optional): The system periodically re-evaluates or re-selects the RRH when performance degrades.

[0053] System Example According to an embodiment of the present invention, a system for dynamically enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment is provided. Figure 6 : is a system diagram of dynamically enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the system for dynamically preferentially enabling the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes: The data acquisition module 60 is configured to receive ADS-B broadcast information through each wireless communication radio frequency unit RRH and collect reception quality parameters in real time, and report the ADS-B broadcast information and the reception quality parameters to the dispatching unit DU; The reception quality parameters include the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time, the number of effectively identified aircraft, and the maximum receiving distance; The intelligent scheduling module 62 is configured to obtain the current communication load status of each RRH in real time through the DU, determine the optimal RRH node based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load status, and dynamically sense ADS-B using the optimal RRH node. Specifically, it is configured to: Scoring each RRH using Formula 1 and Formula 2 based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load state, and selecting the RRH node with the highest score as the optimal RRH node; Formula 1; Formula 2; in, It represents the normalized value of the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time. represents the normalized value of the number of unique aircraft, Indicates the normalized value of the maximum receiving distance, 、 、 Represents the weights of the three indicators, satisfying , represents the receiving link quality score of the i-th RRH, represents the normalized value of the communication load of the i-th RRH, is the load sensitive weighting factor, represents the score of the i-th RRH; The current communication load status includes the number of currently connected user terminals, uplink and downlink real-time service traffic, local processor or FPGA resource utilization, and time slot scheduling intensity; The system further comprises: A dynamic evaluation module, configured to re-evaluate and schedule the optimal RRH node according to a preset evaluation period or when ADS-B reception performance degrades and communication load suddenly increases; The information management module is used to provide ADS-B information list reading, push notification, subscription, and unsubscription services to the client based on the O-RAN NETCONF management framework.

[0054] The embodiment of the present invention is a system embodiment corresponding to the above-mentioned method embodiment. The specific operations of each module can be understood by referring to the description of the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0055] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention specifically include the following beneficial effects: 1. Reduce costs: No additional dedicated ADS-B receivers are required, and existing RRH equipment can be used to achieve functional integration, significantly reducing construction and maintenance costs.

[0056] 2. Improve integration: Reduce equipment redundancy and improve overall system integration through hardware sharing and intelligent scheduling.

[0057] 3. Dynamic optimization: Dynamically select the optimal RRH node based on communication load and ADS-B reception quality to improve resource utilization efficiency.

[0058] 4. Simplified operations and maintenance: Unified management of communications and ADS-B functions reduces system complexity and facilitates maintenance and upgrades.

[0059] 5. Strong scalability: It is suitable for the construction of low-altitude airspace communication infrastructure and provides technical support for the deep integration of future aviation and communication systems.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamically optimizing the ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment, characterized in that include: Receive ADS-B broadcast information and collect reception quality parameters in real time through each wireless communication radio frequency unit RRH, and report the ADS-B broadcast information and the reception quality parameters to the dispatching unit DU; The current communication load status of each RRH is obtained in real time through the DU, the optimal RRH node is obtained based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load status, and the optimal RRH node is used to dynamically perceive ADS-B.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Re-evaluate and schedule the optimal RRH node according to a preset evaluation period or when ADS-B reception performance degrades and communication load suddenly increases; And based on the O-RAN NETCONF management framework, it provides ADS-B information list reading, push notification, subscription and unsubscription services to the client.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The reception quality parameters include the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time, the number of effectively identified aircraft, and the maximum reception distance.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The current communication load status includes the number of currently connected user terminals, uplink and downlink real-time service traffic, local processor or FPGA resource utilization, and time slot scheduling intensity.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Obtaining the optimal RRH node based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load state specifically includes: Scoring each RRH using Formula 1 and Formula 2 based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load state, and selecting the RRH node with the highest score as the optimal RRH node; Formula 1: Formula 2: in, It represents the normalized value of the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time. represents the normalized value of the number of unique aircraft, Indicates the normalized value of the maximum receiving distance, 、 、 Represents the weights of the three indicators, satisfying , represents the receiving link quality score of the i-th RRH, represents the normalized value of the communication load of the i-th RRH, is the load sensitive weighting factor, represents the score of the i-th RRH.

6. A system for dynamically enabling ADS-B function in a multi-RRH environment, characterized by include: A data acquisition module is configured to receive ADS-B broadcast information through each wireless communication radio frequency unit (RRH) and collect reception quality parameters in real time, and report the ADS-B broadcast information and the reception quality parameters to the dispatching unit (DU); The intelligent scheduling module is used to obtain the current communication load status of each RRH in real time through the DU, obtain the optimal RRH node based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load status, and use the optimal RRH node to dynamically perceive ADS-B.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The system further comprises: A dynamic evaluation module, configured to re-evaluate and schedule the optimal RRH node according to a preset evaluation period or when ADS-B reception performance degrades and communication load suddenly increases; The information management module is used to provide ADS-B information list reading, push notification, subscription, and unsubscription services to the client based on the O-RAN NETCONF management framework.

8. The system according to claim 6, wherein: The reception quality parameters include the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time, the number of effectively identified aircraft, and the maximum reception distance.

9. The system according to claim 6, wherein: The current communication load status includes the number of currently connected user terminals, uplink and downlink real-time service traffic, local processor or FPGA resource utilization, and time slot scheduling intensity.

10. The system according to claim 6, wherein: The intelligent scheduling module is specifically used for: Scoring each RRH using Formula 1 and Formula 2 based on the reception quality parameter and the current communication load state, and selecting the RRH node with the highest score as the optimal RRH node; Formula 1: Formula 2: in, It represents the normalized value of the number of ADS-B messages received per unit time. represents the normalized value of the number of unique aircraft, Indicates the normalized value of the maximum receiving distance, 、 、 Represents the weights of the three indicators, satisfying , represents the receiving link quality score of the i-th RRH, represents the normalized value of the communication load of the i-th RRH, is the load sensitive weighting factor, represents the score of the i-th RRH.

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