Whole ship vibration and acoustics monitoring and evaluating system and method based on switch network architecture

Abstract

The invention provides a whole ship vibration and acoustics monitoring evaluation system and method based on a switch network architecture, and belongs to the field of ship engineering vibration noise monitoring, and the system comprises a high-precision sensor, a signal conditioning circuit, a distributed data acquisition subsystem, a central switch, and a data analysis computer. Vibration and acoustic data of key areas of all cabins of the ship are collected through a vibration acceleration sensor and a microphone; the signal conditioning circuit integrates the functions of amplification, filtering, isolation and noise elimination; the data acquisition subsystem is deployed in a distributed architecture and is connected with the central switch through a gigabit Ethernet; and ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software in the data analysis computer covers an equipment degradation trend analysis module, a fault alarm module, a vibration isolation characteristic evaluation module and a radiation noise calculation module, and automatically generates a monitoring report. According to the invention, real-time and accurate monitoring of ship vibration and noise is realized, the equipment maintenance efficiency and the ship operation safety are improved, and technical support is provided for intelligent management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ship engineering vibration and noise, and in particular relates to a whole-ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system and method based on a switch network architecture. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern marine technology, ship safety, comfort, and intelligent management have become crucial considerations. Vibration and noise not only impact the crew's working and living environment but can also indicate potential faults in the ship's structure or equipment, significantly impacting the ship's performance and safety. Traditional vibration and acoustic monitoring systems often utilize a centralized architecture. As ship sizes expand and monitoring points increase, these systems increasingly face challenges such as insufficient scalability and flexibility, poor data real-time performance, and limited data sharing, making them unable to meet the demands of modern ship monitoring.

[0003] Some advanced systems for ship vibration and noise monitoring utilize distributed architectures and network communication technologies, offering advantages in data transmission and processing. For example, some systems enable remote transmission and centralized analysis of multi-sensor data, but they lack flexibility in sensor placement and comprehensive software functionality. Research is ongoing, and some systems have achieved vibration and noise monitoring in localized areas of a ship. However, the overall system's scalability and real-time performance need improvement. Existing systems have failed to fully address the substantial challenges of traditional monitoring systems in terms of scalability, flexibility, data real-time availability, and data sharing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a whole-ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system and method based on a switch network architecture, which realizes real-time and accurate monitoring of ship vibration and noise, improves equipment maintenance efficiency and ship operation safety, and provides technical support for intelligent management.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A whole-ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on a switch network architecture, including: high-precision sensors, signal conditioning circuits, data acquisition subsystems, central switches, and data analysis computers;

[0007] The high-precision sensors are arranged in each cabin of the ship to measure the vibration and acoustic data of each cabin of the ship;

[0008] The signal conditioning circuit is connected to the high-precision sensor to amplify, filter and isolate the original signal;

[0009] The data acquisition subsystem is connected to the central switch via Gigabit Ethernet to form a switch network architecture to achieve high-speed data transmission;

[0010] The switch network architecture adopts a star topology with redundancy and fault switching functions to ensure the stability of data transmission;

[0011] The data analysis computer is connected to the switch network architecture and is used to receive and process data;

[0012] The data analysis computer is installed with ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software.

[0013] Furthermore, the high-precision sensor includes a plurality of vibration acceleration sensors and microphones, which are installed at equipment feet, base panels, and structural connection nodes in various cabins of the ship.

[0014] Furthermore, the signal conditioning circuit includes an amplification module, a filtering module, an isolation module, and a noise elimination module to ensure that the original signal output by the sensor is effectively pre-processed;

[0015] The amplification module adopts a low-noise, high-precision operational amplifier;

[0016] The filtering module includes low-pass, high-pass and band-pass filters;

[0017] The isolation module adopts a photoelectric isolator or a high-performance transformer.

[0018] Furthermore, the data acquisition subsystem adopts a distributed architecture and is installed in each cabin of the hull. The data acquisition subsystem includes a multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card, a high-speed temporary storage module and a network interface module; the multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card has high-precision, multi-channel sampling capabilities; the high-speed temporary storage module adopts high-performance storage media; the network interface module supports high-speed and stable network communication protocols.

[0019] Furthermore, the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software includes a data analysis and processing module, a database module, a ship equipment degradation trend analysis module, a ship equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendation module, a ship equipment fault alarm module, a ship base vibration isolation characteristic analysis module, a ship underwater radiation noise evaluation module and an automatic report generation module, realizing comprehensive data processing, analysis and report generation functions.

[0020] Furthermore, the data analysis and processing module performs multi-dimensional analysis on the measured vibration data and noise data, including time domain waveform analysis, spectrum analysis, vibration acceleration level, sound pressure level, vibration peak, 1 / 3 octave analysis, total vibration level and total sound pressure level functions.

[0021] The present invention may also include:

[0022] An evaluation method using the above-mentioned whole-ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Collect vibration and acoustic data from each cabin of the ship through high-precision sensors;

[0024] Step 2: Use signal conditioning circuits to amplify, filter, and isolate the acoustic data collected by the sensor;

[0025] Step 3: Use a distributed architecture for data collection. Each cabin is equipped with an independent and fully functional data collection subsystem, which is connected to the central switch via Gigabit Ethernet to achieve high-speed data transmission.

[0026] Step 4: The switch network architecture adopts a star topology to transmit the data collected by each cabin to the data analysis computer. It has the functions of data aggregation, forwarding and routing, as well as redundancy and fault switching functions to ensure the stability of data transmission;

[0027] Step 5: The data analysis computer is connected to the switch network architecture to receive and process data; the computer evaluates the ship status through the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software, performs data analysis and processing, equipment degradation trend analysis, equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendations, equipment fault alarm, base vibration isolation characteristics analysis, underwater radiation noise evaluation, and automatically generates a ship vibration and noise monitoring and evaluation report.

[0028] Furthermore, in the step 5, the ship base vibration isolation characteristic analysis module in the ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software quickly evaluates the vibration isolation amount of the vibration isolation system through the vibration response of the equipment feet and the base. The ship underwater radiation noise evaluation module realizes a rapid evaluation of the equipment radiation noise through the pre-stored acoustic-vibration transfer function. The report automatic generation module can automatically generate a report based on the output data and template design.

[0029] Furthermore, the ship equipment degradation trend analysis module in the ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software in step 5 relies on the measured data in the database and uses a time series analysis algorithm to analyze the historical vibration data of individual ship equipment one by one. The historical vibration data includes the total level, peak level, and frequency band level, and comprehensively evaluates the changing trend of the equipment vibration level, effectively revealing potential failures or performance degradation signs of ship equipment, and providing accurate data support and decision-making guidance for the maintenance and management of ship equipment.

[0030] Furthermore, the ship equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendation module in the ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software in step 5 relies on the measured data in the database to compare the historical vibration data of the same type of equipment. The historical vibration data includes the total level, peak value, and frequency band level, effectively identifying the status differences between the same type of equipment, and accurately recommending equipment start-up and shutdown strategies, thereby improving ship operation efficiency and optimizing equipment maintenance plans.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] The system adopts a distributed architecture, connecting various monitoring points via a switch network to achieve real-time, efficient data transmission. Each monitoring point is equipped with independent sensors and data acquisition modules, responsible for collecting vibration and acoustic data from various parts of the ship. This data is transmitted via the switch network to a central processing unit or distributed processing nodes for further analysis and processing.

[0033] This invention improves the safety and reliability of ships, optimizes ship performance and comfort, and promotes the intelligent development of ships by real-time monitoring and analysis of ship vibration and acoustic data. It lays a solid foundation for the digital transformation and intelligent upgrading of the shipping industry and has important theoretical significance and practical value.

[0034] By deploying sensors in key locations on a ship and building an efficient data collection and transmission network, this system enables real-time monitoring and in-depth analysis of a ship's vibration and acoustic status. Leveraging advanced signal processing techniques and intelligent algorithms, this system can promptly detect and warn of potential structural or mechanical failures, effectively ensuring safe operation and optimized performance. Furthermore, it supports data visualization and intelligent management, helping managers gain a more intuitive understanding of the ship's status and formulate rational maintenance strategies, thereby improving ship reliability and economic efficiency and promoting the intelligent development of the shipping industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Attachment Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0036] Attachment Figure 2 It is an application example diagram of the present invention.

[0037] Attachment Figure 3 It is a system framework diagram of the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] The present invention provides a ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on a switch network architecture, as shown in the attached Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes: high-precision sensors, signal conditioning circuits, data acquisition subsystems, central switches, and data analysis computers;

[0041] The high-precision sensors are arranged in each cabin of the ship to measure the vibration and acoustic data of each cabin of the ship;

[0042] The signal conditioning circuit is connected to the high-precision sensor to amplify, filter and isolate the original signal, integrating functions such as amplification, filtering, isolation and noise elimination;

[0043] The data acquisition subsystem is connected to the central switch via Gigabit Ethernet to form a switch network architecture to achieve high-speed data transmission;

[0044] The switch network architecture adopts a star topology with redundancy and fault switching functions to ensure the stability of data transmission;

[0045] The data analysis computer is connected to the switch network architecture and is used to receive and process data;

[0046] The data analysis computer is installed with ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software.

[0047] In this embodiment, the high-precision sensors include multiple vibration accelerometers and microphones, installed at equipment feet, base panels, and structural connection points throughout the ship's compartments. These sensors utilize magnetic or adhesive mounting methods to ensure secure installation without disrupting normal cabin operation. They also provide comprehensive coverage and accurately capture the vibration and noise characteristics of the entire ship.

[0048] In this embodiment, the signal conditioning circuit includes an amplification module, a filtering module, an isolation module, and a noise elimination module to ensure that the original signal output by the sensor is effectively preprocessed;

[0049] The amplification module uses a low-noise, high-precision operational amplifier that can automatically adjust the gain according to the dynamic range of the sensor output signal, thereby ensuring that the signal will not lose details due to too small an amplitude, nor will it be saturated and distorted due to too large an amplitude during subsequent processing;

[0050] The filtering module includes low-pass, high-pass and band-pass filters, which can be flexibly configured according to monitoring requirements to effectively filter out unnecessary frequency components, thereby significantly reducing the negative impact of interference signals on monitoring results.

[0051] The isolation module uses an optoelectronic isolator or a high-performance transformer. To ensure the stability and anti-interference ability of signal transmission, the system uses high-quality transmission media such as coaxial cable to achieve complete electrical isolation between the sensor signal and the subsequent processing circuit, effectively preventing the potential impact of external factors such as ground potential difference and electromagnetic interference on signal quality.

[0052] Specifically, the signal conditioning circuit adopts a modular packaging design and is arranged close to the sensor and data acquisition subsystem interface through a shielded shell. Coaxial cable or twisted pair shielded cable is used for signal transmission to meet high-reliability monitoring requirements and ensure the stability and anti-interference ability of signal transmission.

[0053] In this embodiment, the data acquisition subsystem adopts a distributed architecture and is installed in each cabin of the hull. The data acquisition subsystem includes a multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card, a high-speed temporary storage module and a network interface module; the multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card has high-precision, multi-channel sampling capabilities, and can capture in real time and efficiently convert analog signals pre-processed by signal conditioning circuits into digital signals, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of the data.

[0054] The high-speed temporary storage module uses high-performance storage media to temporarily store the collected massive data, ensuring that the data will not be lost before being transmitted to the central processing system, while reducing real-time processing pressure.

[0055] The network interface module supports high-speed and stable network communication protocols, facilitates seamless connection with network switches inside or outside the cabin, and realizes reliable transmission and sharing of data.

[0056] In this embodiment, the switch network architecture adopts a star network topology. The data acquisition subsystems in each cabin are directly connected to the central switch via Gigabit Ethernet cables. The switch has the functions of data aggregation, forwarding, and routing. It adopts a modular design, and the system integrates backup switches and redundant links to ensure the continuity and stability of data transmission. It follows the standard TCP / IP protocol stack and defines unified data format standards and communication protocol specifications. The network layout integrates backup switches and redundant links. When faced with a single point failure or link interruption, the system can quickly switch to the backup path to ensure the continuity and stability of data transmission. In terms of communication protocol, the system follows the standard TCP / IP protocol stack and establishes a stable and efficient TCP connection between each data acquisition subsystem and the central switch. This not only realizes high-speed data transmission from the subsystem to the central switch, but also ensures that monitoring tasks are accurately issued from the central switch to each subsystem, thereby fully guaranteeing the integrity and security of data transmission. In order to facilitate data processing and analysis by the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software, unified data format standards and communication protocol specifications are defined to achieve consistency and interoperability of data interaction.

[0057] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software includes a data analysis and processing module, a database module, a ship equipment degradation trend analysis module, a ship equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendation module, a ship equipment fault alarm module, a ship base vibration isolation characteristic analysis module, a ship underwater radiation noise evaluation module and a report automatic generation module, which can automatically generate a ship vibration and noise monitoring and evaluation report, realizing comprehensive data processing, analysis and report generation functions.

[0058] In this embodiment, the data analysis and processing module performs multi-dimensional analysis on the measured vibration data and noise data, including time domain waveform analysis, spectrum analysis, vibration acceleration level, sound pressure level, vibration peak, 1 / 3 octave analysis, total vibration level and total sound pressure level functions.

[0059] The data analysis and processing module focuses on analyzing and calculating data extracted from the database, covering data preprocessing, data cleaning, and data normalization to ensure data accuracy and reliability. This module then performs multi-dimensional analysis of measured vibration and noise data, including frequency spectrum analysis (FFT), vibration acceleration level, sound pressure level, vibration peak, 1 / 3 octave analysis, total vibration level, and total sound pressure level.

[0060] The vibration acceleration level is L a =20log 10 (a / a0), where a is the effective value of the measured vibration acceleration (unit: m / s 2 ), a0 is the acceleration reference value (a0=10-6 m / s 2 ).

[0061] The sound pressure level is L p =20log 10 (p / p0), where p is the effective value of the measured sound pressure (in m / s 2 ), p0 is the sound pressure reference value (underwater p0 = 10 -6 m / s 2 , p0 in air = 2×10 -5 m / s 2 ).

[0062] The 1 / 3 octave analysis divides the full frequency band into several 1 / 3 octave sub-bands based on the center frequency band and bandwidth. Wherein, the center frequency f0 = [1012.516202531.5405063801001251602002503154005006308001000125016002000250031504000500063008000…], and the bandwidth range consists of upper and lower limits: the lower limit frequency is:

[0063]

[0064] Upper frequency limit:

[0065]

[0066] The frequency domain data is filtered using a bandpass filter, and the acceleration data within the frequency band is converted into acceleration levels according to the following formula (3). The frequency and vibration acceleration level data of one-third octave band are obtained.

[0067]

[0068] The total vibration level Total sound pressure level Among them, La i and Lp i are the vibration acceleration level and sound pressure level of the i-th frequency component or frequency band, respectively, and M is the number of frequency components or frequency bands.

[0069] The ship equipment degradation trend analysis module, ship equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendation module and ship equipment fault alarm module all rely on measured data in the database and use corresponding algorithms and models to achieve equipment status analysis, strategy recommendation and fault warning functions.

[0070] The database module is mainly responsible for interacting with the database, adopting a centralized design to ensure effective storage and efficient access to data, uniformly managing the reading, writing and operation of various test data, and storing parameters required for evaluation such as ship equipment vibration standards, radiated noise standards, and omnidirectional acoustic vibration transfer function data.

[0071] The ship equipment degradation trend analysis module relies on measured data in the database and uses a time series analysis algorithm to analyze the historical vibration data of individual ship equipment one by one (including key indicators such as the total level, peak level, and frequency band level), comprehensively evaluate the changing trend of the equipment vibration level, and effectively reveal potential failures or performance degradation signs of ship equipment, providing accurate data support and decision-making guidance for the maintenance and management of ship equipment.

[0072] Specifically, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is used. The ARIMA model combines autoregressive (AR) and moving average (MA) components and uses differencing to make the time series stationary. Combining machine learning techniques (such as support vector machines and random forests) with statistical methods can further improve the accuracy of fault detection and prediction. Based on the extracted vibration characteristics, the model can be trained to identify potential failure modes.

[0073] The ship equipment startup and shutdown strategy recommendation module relies on measured data in the database and compares historical vibration data of similar equipment (including key indicators such as total level, peak level, and frequency band level). It effectively identifies status differences between similar equipment and accurately recommends equipment startup and shutdown strategies, thereby improving ship operation efficiency and optimizing equipment maintenance plans. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0074] (1) Data collection: Obtain historical vibration data of similar equipment from the database;

[0075] (2) Data preprocessing: remove noise and outliers, and standardize data;

[0076] (3) Status comparison: using similarity measurement methods and cluster analysis to identify differences in device status;

[0077] (4) Strategy recommendation: Based on the recognition results, use decision trees or rule engines to recommend opening and closing strategies;

[0078] (5) Feedback and optimization: Optimize the recommended strategy based on feedback from implementation results.

[0079] Furthermore, Euclidean distance is used to measure the similarity between historical vibration data of similar equipment. The smaller the distance, the more similar the status. Statistical calculations such as mean and standard deviation are performed on key indicators of each device (such as total level and peak value) to quantify differences in device status. Control charts are used to monitor changes in key equipment indicators and identify abnormalities in device status. By constructing a decision tree model, appropriate start-up and shutdown strategies are recommended based on the characteristics of the equipment status. This model combines historical data and corresponding strategies to automatically select the optimal strategy.

[0080] The ship equipment fault alarm module relies on the measured data in the database, combines the time-frequency analysis algorithm in the data analysis and processing module, and sets the vibration thresholds of various types of ship equipment in accordance with relevant international standards or industry specifications. Based on the historical vibration data of the equipment, an adaptive threshold adjustment algorithm is used to dynamically optimize the vibration alarm threshold. Machine learning algorithms such as support vector machines (SVM) are used to build a fault classification model, identify equipment failure modes based on vibration characteristics, and improve the accuracy and generalization ability of fault identification. It issues an early warning before equipment failure occurs, reduces downtime and maintenance costs caused by sudden failures, and ensures the safety of ship operations. Specifically, the ship equipment fault alarm includes the following steps:

[0081] (1) Data acquisition: extract historical vibration data from the database;

[0082] (2) Time-frequency analysis: Apply time-frequency analysis algorithms to process signals and extract effective features;

[0083] (3) Threshold setting and adjustment: set the initial threshold according to the standard; implement adaptive threshold adjustment and dynamically update the alarm threshold;

[0084] (4) Feature extraction and model construction: extract vibration features and build a support vector machine model;

[0085] (5) Fault identification and alarm: Real-time monitoring of equipment vibration signals, fault pattern identification through SVM model, and early warning.

[0086] The automatic report generation module is a system function that automatically generates reports based on output data and template design. Relying on a series of complex algorithms and data processing techniques, the module integrates the data obtained by the report data management module with the template files created by the template management module, replaces the code placeholders in the template with the data, and ultimately generates the report file. The module also stores the relevant information of the report file in the database to ensure that the generated report not only meets the preset format requirements but also accurately reflects the information represented by the data. Specifically, the module includes the following steps:

[0087] (1) Data extraction: Obtain the required data from the database and perform data cleaning and formatting;

[0088] (2) Template design: Create report templates using template language and design appropriate formats;

[0089] (3) Placeholder replacement: parse the template and replace the placeholder according to the data;

[0090] (4) Generate report: Generate final report document using appropriate file format;

[0091] (5) Storing report information: Persisting report information in the database to ensure traceability.

[0092] Furthermore, data extraction can be achieved through SQL query language or data access API (such as ORM tools), and data cleaning can ensure that the extracted data conforms to the required format, including processing null values, filtering outliers, or standardizing data types.

[0093] Going a step further, report templates are designed using a templating language (such as Mustache, Jinja2, or Handlebars). These templates typically contain placeholders, which represent parts that will be replaced by data. Ensure that the template can directly generate the required report file type according to the preset format specifications (such as PDF, Word, Excel, etc.). Use a placeholder replacement algorithm to parse the template file, find the placeholders in the text and replace them with the actual data. String processing techniques such as regular expression matching can be used. The report is written to the file based on the replaced content and the specified format. The following technologies can be used: document processing libraries such as pdfkit, weasyprint for generating PDF reports, or python-docx for generating Word documents; reporting libraries such as ReportLab for advanced PDF operations, supporting chart generation and more complex layouts.

[0094] Furthermore, relevant information of the generated report (such as report ID, generation time, author, type, etc.) is stored in a database for subsequent access and management.

[0095] The ship foundation vibration isolation characteristic analysis module in the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software quickly evaluates the vibration isolation capacity of the vibration isolation system through the vibration response of the equipment feet and foundation. The ship underwater radiation noise evaluation module realizes rapid evaluation of equipment radiation noise through pre-stored acoustic-vibration transfer functions. The automatic report generation module can automatically generate reports based on output data and template design.

[0096] Specifically, the vibration isolation amount Δ of the vibration isolation system can be obtained by measuring and analyzing the vibration acceleration response of the machine foot and base. The vibration isolation amount of the vibration isolation system can be obtained by the following formula:

[0097] Δ=L a机脚 -L a基座

[0098] Where Δ represents the vibration isolation amount, L a机脚 Indicates the vibration acceleration level at the equipment foot; L a基座 Indicates the vibration acceleration level at the equipment base.

[0099] Specifically, the ship underwater radiated noise assessment module uses the pre-stored acoustic-vibration transfer function to achieve functions such as rapid assessment of equipment radiated noise. The ship underwater radiated noise assessment can be obtained by multiplying the equipment excitation and its transfer function:

[0100] L pi =A i (w)×H i (w)

[0101] Where, Indicates the underwater radiated noise sound pressure level; A i (w) represents the vibration acceleration level of the equipment under typical working conditions; H i (w) represents the vibration-radiation noise transfer function of the ship when a single device is excited.

[0102] The ship equipment degradation trend analysis module in the ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software relies on the measured data in the database and uses a time series analysis algorithm to analyze the historical vibration data of individual ship equipment one by one. The historical vibration data includes the total level, peak value, and frequency band level, and comprehensively evaluates the changing trend of the equipment vibration level, effectively revealing potential failures or performance degradation signs of ship equipment, and providing accurate data support and decision-making guidance for the maintenance and management of ship equipment.

[0103] The ship equipment startup and shutdown strategy recommendation module in the ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software relies on measured data in the database and compares historical vibration data of similar equipment. The historical vibration data includes total level, peak value, and frequency band level. It effectively identifies the status differences between similar equipment and accurately recommends equipment startup and shutdown strategies, thereby improving ship operating efficiency and optimizing equipment maintenance plans.

[0104] This embodiment also includes:

[0105] An evaluation method using the above-mentioned whole-ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture comprises the following steps:

[0106] Step 1: Collect vibration and acoustic data from each cabin of the ship through high-precision sensors;

[0107] Step 2: Use signal conditioning circuits to amplify, filter, and isolate the acoustic data collected by the sensor;

[0108] Step 3: Use a distributed architecture for data collection. Each cabin is equipped with an independent and fully functional data collection subsystem, which is connected to the central switch via Gigabit Ethernet to achieve high-speed data transmission.

[0109] Step 4: The switch network architecture adopts a star topology to transmit the data collected by each cabin to the data analysis computer. It has the functions of data aggregation, forwarding and routing, as well as redundancy and fault switching functions to ensure the stability of data transmission;

[0110] Step 5: The data analysis computer is connected to the switch network architecture to receive and process data; the computer evaluates the ship status through the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software, performs data analysis and processing, equipment degradation trend analysis, equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendations, equipment fault alarm, base vibration isolation characteristics analysis, underwater radiation noise evaluation, and automatically generates a ship vibration and noise monitoring and evaluation report.

[0111] The switch network architecture-based ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system of the present invention deploys vibration and acoustic sensors at various key locations on the ship, arranges a data acquisition subsystem in each cabin, and utilizes the switch network architecture to achieve high-speed and reliable transmission of test data to the central processing unit. Signal processing technology and intelligent algorithms are then used to conduct in-depth analysis of the data to monitor and evaluate the vibration and acoustic status of the ship in real time, thereby ensuring the safe operation and performance optimization of the ship.

[0112] Example 2:

[0113] According to the switch network architecture-based ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system described in Example 1, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, taking a thousand-ton ship as an example, the ship has a total of 10 main compartments, including the power compartment, cargo hold, crew compartment, etc.

[0114] The data analysis computer is located in the main control room of the surface vessel and serves as a key component of the ship management platform. The ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and assessment software is installed on the data analysis computer to ensure that the software can start normally and communicate with the data acquisition subsystem, facilitating real-time monitoring and data analysis by ship management personnel.

[0115] The high-precision sensors are arranged as follows: eight vibration accelerometers and four microphones are placed at key locations in the power compartment, such as the engine mounts and generator base, to monitor the vibration and noise of the power equipment; four vibration accelerometers are placed at the structural connection nodes of the cargo hold to monitor the vibration of the cargo hold structure; and two microphones are placed in the crew cabin's living area to monitor the noise level of the crew's living environment. All sensors are secured with magnetic suction or special clamps to ensure a secure installation without affecting normal cabin operation.

[0116] Signal conditioning circuit installation: A signal conditioning circuit is installed near the sensor in each cabin to pre-process the raw sensor output signals through amplification, filtering, isolation, and noise reduction. The conditioning circuit's amplification module utilizes a low-noise, high-precision operational amplifier. The filtering module is configured with low-pass, high-pass, and bandpass filters based on the monitoring requirements of each cabin. The isolation module utilizes an optoelectronic isolator for electrical isolation. Signal transmission utilizes coaxial cable to ensure signal stability and interference resistance.

[0117] The data acquisition subsystem utilizes a distributed architecture. Each cabin is equipped with a set of independent, fully functional data acquisition equipment. These devices are carefully placed in locations that are easily accessible for maintenance while not disrupting normal ship operations, such as in corners or closets within equipment rooms. The data acquisition subsystem includes a multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card, a high-speed temporary storage module, and a network interface module.

[0118] A star-shaped switch network architecture is constructed, with the central switch located in the ship's communications room. Data acquisition subsystems in each cabin are directly connected to the central switch via Gigabit Ethernet cables. The switch provides data aggregation, forwarding, and routing capabilities, and integrates backup switches and redundant links. This ensures that in the event of a single point of failure or link interruption, the system can rapidly switch to an alternate path, ensuring continuous and stable data transmission. The communication protocol adheres to the standard TCP / IP protocol stack, defining unified data format standards and communication protocol specifications to facilitate data exchange between the data acquisition subsystems and the central switch.

[0119] The data analysis computer, located in the ship's main control room, serves as a key component of the ship management platform. The ship's vibration and acoustic monitoring and assessment software is installed on the data analysis computer to ensure the software can properly start and communicate with the data acquisition subsystem, facilitating real-time monitoring and data analysis by ship management personnel.

[0120] After the surface vessel has deployed the data analysis computer, data acquisition subsystem, high-precision sensors, and switch network, the data acquisition subsystem is connected to the vibration sensors and microphones via neatly bundled coaxial cables extending from the monitoring point to the data acquisition subsystem. The data acquisition subsystems in each compartment are directly connected to the central switch via high-performance Gigabit Ethernet cables. Once the connections are complete, the data analysis computer's ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software issues new test task instructions to the data acquisition subsystem, initiating ship-wide vibration and noise monitoring.

[0121] High-precision sensors in each cabin collect vibration and acoustic data in real time. After preprocessing by signal conditioning circuits, the data acquisition subsystem's multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card converts the data into digital signals and temporarily stores them in a high-speed temporary storage module. The data is then transmitted to a central switch via a network interface module and Gigabit Ethernet cables, where it is forwarded to a data analysis computer.

[0122] The ship vibration and acoustics monitoring and assessment software includes multiple functional modules, including data analysis and processing, a database, ship equipment degradation trend analysis, ship equipment startup and shutdown strategy recommendation, ship equipment fault alarm, ship foundation vibration isolation characteristics analysis, ship underwater radiated noise assessment, and automatic report generation. These modules work together to achieve comprehensive monitoring and assessment of ship vibration and acoustics.

[0123] The ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and assessment software extracts data from a database for analysis and calculation. The data analysis and processing module performs multi-dimensional analysis of measured vibration and noise data, including spectrum analysis, vibration acceleration level, sound pressure level, vibration peak, 1 / 3 octave analysis, and calculations for total vibration and sound pressure levels. The ship equipment degradation trend analysis module uses a time series analysis algorithm to analyze the historical vibration data of individual ship equipment and assess the changing trends of the equipment's vibration levels. The ship equipment startup and shutdown strategy recommendation module compares historical vibration data for similar equipment and recommends startup and shutdown strategies. The ship equipment fault alarm module combines time-frequency analysis and machine learning algorithms to set vibration thresholds and construct fault classification models for accurate identification and early warning of equipment faults. The ship foundation vibration isolation characteristics analysis module quickly evaluates the isolation capacity of the vibration isolation system by comparing the vibration responses of the equipment's feet and foundation. The ship underwater radiated noise assessment module uses pre-stored acoustic-vibration transfer functions to quickly assess equipment radiated noise.

[0124] The automatic report generation module is a system function based on output data and template design. This module integrates data from the data management module with template files created by the template management module, automatically generates report files that meet pre-set format requirements, and stores the relevant information in the report files in the data analysis computer. This technological innovation not only improves the efficiency and quality of report generation but also provides a convenient data output method for subsequent monitoring and evaluation work.

[0125] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on a switch network architecture, characterized in that: include: High-precision sensors, signal conditioning circuits, data acquisition subsystems, central switches, and data analysis computers; The high-precision sensors are arranged in each cabin of the ship to measure the vibration and acoustic data of each cabin of the ship; The signal conditioning circuit is connected to the high-precision sensor to amplify, filter and isolate the original signal; The data acquisition subsystem is connected to the central switch via Gigabit Ethernet to form a switch network architecture to achieve high-speed data transmission; The switch network architecture adopts a star topology with redundancy and fault switching functions to ensure the stability of data transmission; The data analysis computer is connected to the switch network architecture and is used to receive and process data; The data analysis computer is installed with ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software.

2. The whole ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-precision sensor includes a plurality of vibration acceleration sensors and microphones, which are installed at equipment feet, base panels, and structural connection nodes in various cabins of the ship.

3. The whole ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The signal conditioning circuit includes an amplification module, a filtering module, an isolation module, and a noise elimination module to ensure that the original signal output by the sensor is effectively pre-processed; The amplification module adopts a low-noise, high-precision operational amplifier; The filtering module includes low-pass, high-pass and band-pass filters; The isolation module adopts a photoelectric isolator or a high-performance transformer.

4. The whole ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The data acquisition subsystem adopts a distributed architecture and is installed in each cabin of the hull. The data acquisition subsystem includes a multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card, a high-speed temporary storage module and a network interface module; the multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card has high-precision, multi-channel sampling capabilities; the high-speed temporary storage module adopts high-performance storage media; the network interface module supports high-speed and stable network communication protocols.

5. The whole ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software includes a data analysis and processing module, a database module, a ship equipment degradation trend analysis module, a ship equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendation module, a ship equipment fault alarm module, a ship base vibration isolation characteristics analysis module, a ship underwater radiated noise evaluation module and an automatic report generation module, realizing comprehensive data processing, analysis and report generation functions.

6. The whole ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The data analysis and processing module performs multi-dimensional analysis on the measured vibration data and noise data, including time domain waveform analysis, spectrum analysis, vibration acceleration level, sound pressure level, vibration peak, 1 / 3 octave analysis, total vibration level and total sound pressure level functions.

7. An evaluation method using the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect vibration and acoustic data from each cabin of the ship through high-precision sensors; Step 2: Use signal conditioning circuits to amplify, filter, and isolate the acoustic data collected by the sensor; Step 3: Use a distributed architecture for data collection. Each cabin is equipped with an independent and fully functional data collection subsystem, which is connected to the central switch via Gigabit Ethernet to achieve high-speed data transmission. Step 4: The switch network architecture adopts a star topology to transmit the data collected by each cabin to the data analysis computer. It has the functions of data aggregation, forwarding and routing, as well as redundancy and fault switching functions to ensure the stability of data transmission; Step 5: The data analysis computer is connected to the switch network architecture to receive and process data; the computer evaluates the ship status through the ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation software, performs data analysis and processing, equipment degradation trend analysis, equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendations, equipment fault alarm, base vibration isolation characteristics analysis, underwater radiation noise evaluation, and automatically generates a ship vibration and noise monitoring and evaluation report.

8. The evaluation method of the whole ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step 5, the ship base vibration isolation characteristic analysis module in the ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software quickly evaluates the vibration isolation amount of the vibration isolation system through the vibration response of the equipment feet and the base. The ship underwater radiated noise evaluation module realizes a rapid evaluation of the equipment radiated noise through the pre-stored acoustic-vibration transfer function. The report automatic generation module can automatically generate a report based on the output data and template design.

9. The evaluation method of the whole ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The ship equipment degradation trend analysis module in the ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software in step 5 relies on the measured data in the database and uses a time series analysis algorithm to analyze the historical vibration data of individual ship equipment one by one. The historical vibration data includes the total level, peak level, and frequency band level, and comprehensively evaluates the changing trend of the equipment vibration level, effectively revealing potential failures or performance degradation signs of ship equipment, and providing accurate data support and decision-making guidance for the maintenance and management of ship equipment.

10. The evaluation method of the whole ship vibration and acoustic monitoring and evaluation system based on the switch network architecture according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The ship equipment start-up and shutdown strategy recommendation module in the ship vibration acoustic monitoring and evaluation software in step 5 relies on the measured data in the database to compare the historical vibration data of the same type of equipment. The historical vibration data includes the total level, peak value, and frequency band level, effectively identifies the status differences between the same type of equipment, and accurately recommends equipment start-up and shutdown strategies, thereby improving ship operation efficiency and optimizing equipment maintenance plans.

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