Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is characterized by comprising: a reception unit that receives information relating to an identifier (ID) of a model; and a control unit that determines a model corresponding to the ID of the model on the basis of the information including the ID of the model and an ID relating to a regional or public land mobile network (PLMN). According to one mode of the present disclosure, appropriate overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. Background Art

[0002] In the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been standardized to achieve even higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been standardized to further enhance the capacity and sophistication of LTE (Release 8 and 9 of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark))).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., also referred to as 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later) are also under study.

[0004] Prior art literature

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-Patent Document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0008] Regarding future wireless communication technologies, research is underway into utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as machine learning (ML) to control and manage networks and devices.

[0009] However, there is a lack of research on the application of these technologies. If this research is insufficient, it will be difficult to achieve appropriate overhead reduction, high-precision channel estimation, and efficient resource utilization, which may hinder improvements in communication throughput and communication quality.

[0010] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can achieve appropriate overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization.

[0011] Means for solving problems

[0012] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is characterized in that it comprises: a receiving unit for receiving information related to an identifier (ID) of a model; and a control unit for determining, based on the information, a model corresponding to the ID of the model, wherein the information includes the ID of the model and an ID related to a region or a public land mobile network (PLMN).

[0013] Effects of the Invention

[0014] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, appropriate overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing an example of a framework for managing AI models.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing an example of IMSI.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing an example of IMEI.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing an example of AI model compilation.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing another example of AI model compilation.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing an example of receiving a meta ID.

[0021] 7A to 7D This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a model ID.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] (Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technology to Wireless Communications)

[0028] Regarding future wireless communication technologies, research is underway into utilizing AI technologies such as machine learning (ML) for network and device control and management.

[0029] For example, research is underway into the flexible use of AI technologies in terminals (user terminals, user equipment (UE)) and base stations (BS) to improve channel state information (CSI) feedback (e.g., reduced overhead, improved accuracy, prediction), beam management (e.g., improved accuracy, prediction in the time and spatial domains), and position measurement (e.g., improved position estimation and prediction).

[0030] The AI ​​model can also output at least one of an estimated value, a predicted value, a selected operation, a classification, etc. based on the input information. The UE / BS can also input channel state information, reference signal measurement values, etc. into the AI ​​model, and output high-precision channel state information / measurement values / beam selection / position, future channel state information / radio link quality, etc.

[0031] In addition, in the present disclosure, AI can also be rewritten as an object (also referred to as object, object, data, function, program, etc.) having (implementing) at least one of the following characteristics:

[0032] Estimates based on observed or collected information;

[0033] Selection based on observed or collected information;

[0034] Predictions based on observed or collected information.

[0035] In this disclosure, the terms “estimate,” “predict,” and “infer” can be replaced with each other. Furthermore, in this disclosure, “estimate,” “predict,” and “infer” can be replaced with each other.

[0036] In the present disclosure, an object may also be, for example, a device or apparatus such as a UE or a BS. In addition, in the present disclosure, an object may also correspond to a program / model / entity operating in the apparatus.

[0037] In addition, in the present disclosure, the AI ​​model can also be rewritten as an object having (implementing) at least one of the following features:

[0038] Generating estimates by feeding information;

[0039] By providing information, forecasting estimated values;

[0040] Discover features by providing information;

[0041] · Select an action by providing information.

[0042] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, an AI model may also refer to a data-driven algorithm that applies AI technology to generate a set of outputs based on a set of inputs.

[0043] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, AI models, models, ML models, predictive analytics, predictive analytics models, tools, autoencoders, encoders, decoders, neural network models, AI algorithms, schemes, and the like may be interchangeable. Furthermore, AI models may be derived using at least one of regression analysis (e.g., linear regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis), support vector machines, random forests, neural networks, deep learning, and the like.

[0044] In this disclosure, autoencoders can be interchanged with any other autoencoders, such as stacked autoencoders and convolutional autoencoders. The encoder / decoder of this disclosure can also use models such as Residual Network (ResNet), DenseNet, and RefineNet.

[0045] In addition, in the present disclosure, encoder, encoding, encoding / encoded, correction / change / control based on the encoder, compression, compressing / compressed, generating, generating / generated, etc. can also be rewritten.

[0046] In addition, in the present disclosure, decoder, decoding, decoding / decoding, correction / change / control based on the decoder, decompression, decompression / decompressed, reconstruction, reconstruction / reconstruction, etc. can also be rewritten.

[0047] In the present disclosure, layers (related to AI models) may also be mutually rewritten with layers (input layers, intermediate layers, etc.) used in the AI ​​model. Layers in the present disclosure may also correspond to at least one of input layers, intermediate layers, output layers, batch normalization layers, convolutional layers, activation layers, dense layers, normalization layers, pooling layers, attention layers, dropout layers, fully connected layers, etc.

[0048] In the present disclosure, AI model training methods may also include supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, federated learning, etc. Supervised learning may also refer to the process of training a model based on input and corresponding labels. Unsupervised learning may also refer to the process of training a model without labeled data. Reinforcement learning may also refer to the process of training a model based on input (in other words, state) and feedback signals (in other words, rewards) generated from the model's output (in other words, action) in an environment where the model interacts.

[0049] In this disclosure, the terms "generate," "calculate," and "derive" can be used interchangeably. In this disclosure, the terms "implement," "run," "operate," and "execute" can be used interchangeably. In this disclosure, the terms "train," "learn," "update," and "retrain" can be used interchangeably. In this disclosure, the terms "infer," "post-training," "formal utilization," and "actual utilization" can be used interchangeably. In this disclosure, the terms "signal" and "signal / channel" can be used interchangeably.

[0050] Figure 1 This diagram shows an example of a framework for managing AI models. In this example, each stage associated with an AI model is represented by a block. This example also represents the lifecycle management of an AI model.

[0051] The data collection phase involves gathering data for generating and updating AI models. This phase may also include data organization (e.g., determining which data to migrate for model training and inference) and data migration (e.g., migrating data to entities performing model training and inference (e.g., UEs and gNBs)).

[0052] Additionally, data collection can also refer to the process of collecting data by a network node, management entity, or UE for the purpose of AI model training, data analysis, or inference. In this disclosure, the terms "process" and "procedure" can be interchangeable. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "collection" can also refer to the acquisition of a dataset for AI model training / inference (e.g., usable as input / output) based on measurements (e.g., channel measurements, beam measurements, radio link quality measurements, position estimation, etc.).

[0053] In this disclosure, offline field data can also be data collected from the field (real world) and used for offline training of AI models. In addition, online field data can also be data collected from the field (real world) and used for online training of AI models.

[0054] During the model training phase, model training is performed based on the data (training data) migrated from the collection phase. This phase may also include data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, and transformation), model training / validation (e.g., confirming that the trained model meets performance thresholds), model exchange (e.g., migrating models for distributed learning), and model deployment / updates (deploying / updating the model to the entities performing model inference).

[0055] In addition, AI model training can also refer to the process of training an AI model through a data-driven approach to obtain a trained AI model for inference.

[0056] AI model validation can also refer to a sub-process of training that uses a dataset different from the one used in model training to evaluate the quality of an AI model. This sub-process helps select model parameters that generalize beyond the dataset used in model training.

[0057] Furthermore, AI model testing can also refer to a sub-process of training that uses a different dataset from the one used in model training / validation to evaluate the performance of the final AI model. Furthermore, testing, unlike validation, does not necessarily require subsequent model tuning.

[0058] In the model inference phase, model inference is performed based on the data (inference data) transferred from the collection phase. This phase may also include data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, and transformation), model inference, model monitoring (e.g., monitoring model inference performance), model performance feedback (feedback on model performance to the entity performing model training), and output (providing model output to actors).

[0059] In addition, AI model inference can also refer to the process of using a trained AI model to generate a set of outputs based on a set of inputs.

[0060] Furthermore, a UE-side model may also refer to an AI model whose reasoning is fully implemented in the UE. A network-side model may also refer to an AI model whose reasoning is fully implemented in the network (e.g., gNB).

[0061] Furthermore, a one-sided model can also refer to a UE-side model or a network-side model. A two-sided model can also refer to a paired AI model that performs joint inference. Joint inference can also include AI inference performed jointly across the UE and the network. For example, the first part of the inference can be performed by the UE, and the remaining part by the gNB (or vice versa).

[0062] In addition, AI model monitoring can also refer to the processing used to monitor the inference performance of AI models, and can also be interchanged with model performance monitoring, performance monitoring, etc.

[0063] Additionally, model registration can also mean assigning a version identifier to a model and enabling the model to be executed (registering the model) by compiling it for the specific hardware used during inference. Furthermore, model deployment can also mean distributing the runtime image (or execution environment image) of a fully developed and tested model to (or activating in) the target (e.g., UE / gNB) where inference is performed.

[0064] The actor phase may also include action triggers (e.g., deciding whether to trigger an action on other entities), feedback (e.g., providing training data / inference data / information required for performance feedback), etc.

[0065] Furthermore, training models for mobility optimization, for example, can also be performed in the Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) / gNodeB (gNB) within the network (NW). The former benefits from interoperability, large storage capacity, operator manageability, and model flexibility (e.g., feature engineering). The latter is advantageous because it eliminates the need for latency in model updates and data exchange for model decompression. Inference of these models can also be performed in the gNB, for example.

[0066] The entity performing training / inference can also vary depending on the use case (in other words, the function of the AI ​​model). The functions of the AI ​​model can also include beam management, beam prediction, autoencoder (or information compression), CSI feedback, position positioning, etc.

[0067] For example, for AI-assisted beam management based on measurement reports, OAM / gNB can also perform model training and gNB can perform model inference.

[0068] For AI-assisted UE assisted positioning, the Location Management Function (LMF) can also be used for model training, and the LMF performs model inference.

[0069] For CSI feedback / channel estimation using autoencoders, OAM / gNB / UE can also perform model training, and gNB / UE can perform model inference (jointly).

[0070] For AI-assisted beam management based on beam measurement or AI-assisted UE-based positioning, OAM / gNB / UE can also perform model training and UE can perform model inference.

[0071] In addition, model activation can also mean activating an AI model for a specific function. Model deactivation can also mean deactivating an AI model for a specific function. Model switching can also mean deactivating the currently activated AI model for a specific function and activating a different AI model.

[0072] Furthermore, model transfer can also refer to the distribution of an AI model over the air interface. This distribution can also include distributing one or both of the following: parameters of a model structure already known to the receiving side, or a new model with these parameters. Furthermore, this distribution can include a complete model or a partial model. Model download can also refer to the transfer of a model from the network to the UE. Model upload can also refer to the transfer of a model from the UE to the network.

[0073] (Identifier / ID used in NR)

[0074] In the existing NR (up to Rel.17), the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) ID is used.

[0075] The so-called PLMN ID is a global and unique identifier used to identify a mobile network operator (MNO).

[0076] The UE may also identify the MNO performing the network access operation based on a specific parameter (eg, PLMN-IdentityInfoList in CellAccessRelatedInfo) in system information (eg, SIB1).

[0077] Furthermore, in the existing NR, an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) is used.

[0078] The so-called IMSI is a global and unique identifier for identifying a user.

[0079] The IMSI may also be typically registered in a SIM (Subscriber Identity Module).

[0080] Figure 2 : is a diagram showing an example of IMSI. Figure 2As shown, the IMSI consists of the MCC (Mobile Country Number), the MNC (Mobile Network Code), and the MSIN (Mobile Station Identification Number). The MCC is a three-digit country code. The MNC is a two- or three-digit carrier code. The MSIN is a 10-digit carrier-specific number used to identify the subscriber.

[0081] The combination of MCC and MNC is also called PLMN ID (H-PLMN). The combination of MNC and MSIN is also called National MSI (NMSI).

[0082] Furthermore, in the existing NR, a subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) is used.

[0083] The so-called SUPI is an identifier used to identify a subscription within the NR / 5G system.

[0084] SUPI is allocated to each subscriber and provided in the Unified Data Repository (UDR) / Unified Data Management (UDM).

[0085] SUPI may also include IMSI / network specific identifier etc.

[0086] In addition, in the existing NR, a subscription concealed identifier (SUCI) is used.

[0087] SUCI is used to protect privacy including concealed SUPI.

[0088] In addition, in existing NRs, an internal group identifier (IGI) is used to associate subscription data for a UE with subscribers of the group.

[0089] In addition, in existing NRs, the Generic Public Subscription Identifier (GPSI) is used. GPSI is an identifier for 3GPP subscriptions outside the 3GPP system. The 3GPP system maintains the association between GPSI and SUPI.

[0090] Furthermore, in the existing NR, a permanent equipment identifier (PEI) is used.

[0091] PEI is the identifier of the UE in the NR / 5G system.

[0092] The PEI is assigned to the UE in the IMEI (International mobile equipment identity) or IMEISV (software version) format.

[0093] In addition, the existing NR uses a 5G-GUTI (Globally Unique Temporary Identifier). The 5G-GUTI is a temporary identifier used to identify the UE used by the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function).

[0094] The 5G-GUTI may also be common for both 3GPP access and non-3GPP access.

[0095] The 5G-GUTI contains the Globally unique AMF ID (GUAMI) and the 5G-TMSI (Temporary mobile subscriber identity).

[0096] GUAMI is a unique identifier for AMF. GUAMI contains MCC, MNC, AMF Region ID, AMF Set ID, and AMF Pointer.

[0097] The 5G-TMSI is represented by 32 bits updated through the AMF.

[0098] In existing NR, 5G-S (shortened) TMSI is used. 5G-S-TMSI is an abbreviation for GUTI. 5G-S-TMSI is used in paging and service requests to enable efficient transmission and reception of wireless signals.

[0099] 5G-S-TMSI contains AMF set ID, AMF pointer and 5G-TMSI.

[0100] In addition, in the existing NR, the UE Radio Capability ID is used.

[0101] The UE radio capability ID is a unique identifier for identifying a set of radio capabilities of the UE.

[0102] The UE radio capability ID is assigned by the serving PLMN or the UE supplier / manufacturer.

[0103] The UE vendor / manufacturer may also assign a UE radio capability ID including an identifier of the UE vendor / manufacturer (eg, a vendor ID).

[0104] Regarding the serving PLMN, the UE radio capability management function (UCMF) allocates a UE radio capability ID for a set of UE radio capabilities received by the PLMN from the UE at different times.

[0105] The UCMF saves / stores the mapping related to all UE radio capability IDs within the PLMN.

[0106] The UE radio capability ID assigned by the PLMN may also include a version ID.

[0107] In addition, in the existing NR, the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) is used to identify the device.

[0108] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing an example of IMEI. IMEI can also be composed of 15 digits.

[0109] The IMEI contains the TAC (Type allocation code), FAC (Final assembly code), serial number (SNR), and CD (Check digits) / SD (Spare digits).

[0110] The TAC is used to identify the manufacturer and type of device. The TAC can also be a vendor / device identifier. The TAC can also be 6 (or 8) digits.

[0111] In the present disclosure, the first specific number (eg, 6 or 8) digits / bits of the IMEI may also be the TAC.

[0112] The FAC is used to identify the country of manufacture of the device. The FAC can also be 2 digits.

[0113] TAC and FAC (8 bits) may also be referred to as TAC. In this case, TAC may also be used to identify the manufacturer, device type, and country of manufacture of the device.

[0114] In this disclosure, FAC may be considered as part of TAC or different from TAC.

[0115] CD / SD can also be used for IMEI verification (e.g. error detection). CD / SD can also be represented by 1 bit.

[0116] (Meta ID / Model ID)

[0117] In future wireless communication systems, the use of specific IDs (eg, meta IDs / model IDs) to transmit and receive specific information is being studied.

[0118] For example, the UE may also use a specific ID (eg, meta ID / model ID) to receive information related to at least one of the following:

[0119] The current situation

[0120] Current network (NW) settings;

[0121] Models that NW can apply / deploy.

[0122] For example, the UE may also use a specific ID (eg, meta ID / model ID) to transmit / report information related to at least one of the following:

[0123] The current situation

[0124] Current UE settings;

[0125] Models that can be applied / deployed by the UE;

[0126] · scenarios in which a specific model can be applied;

[0127] NW settings that can be applied to specific models;

[0128] UE settings that can be applied to specific models.

[0129] The above-mentioned scenarios / settings (UE / NW settings) may refer to scenarios / settings that can be applied when a specific model passes a test and satisfies specific required conditions / performance, for example.

[0130] (ID of the compiled ML model)

[0131] The UE can also control the compilation of an AI model based on two model IDs included in the compilation information. One of the two model IDs can also be called a global model ID, and the other can also be called a compiled model ID (compiled model ID).

[0132] In the present disclosure, the model ID, global model ID, compiled model ID, and meta ID may also be overwritten with each other.

[0133] The global model ID can be a unique model ID used in the data server or an ID used to specify the AI ​​model that serves as the basis. The global model ID can also be called a global ID, a base model ID, or a base ID.

[0134] The compiled model ID may also be used to specify an AI model that is a modification, extension, or modification of the AI ​​model specified by the global model ID. The compiled model ID may also be referred to as an executable model ID (feasible model ID), a local model ID, or a local ID. The compiled model ID can be defined for each UE or for each cell (or for each UE group).

[0135] For example, the compiled model may be a model obtained by applying fine-tuning, transfer learning, etc. to the global model.

[0136] During fine-tuning, the training entity uses the parameters of a trained AI model in the source domain (e.g., a global model) as the initial parameters of the AI ​​model in the target domain (the pre-trained AI model), thereby deriving the trained AI model in the target domain. Specifically, all layers of the trained AI model in the source domain can be transferred to all layers of the AI ​​model in the target domain, or portions of the model can be used directly without being updated (or even frozen).

[0137] In transfer learning (also known as network-based deep transfer learning, etc.), the training entity reuses a portion of layers (e.g., front layers, shallow layers) trained in the source domain as layers in the target domain. These layers can be used as feature extractors. Specifically, only a portion of the layers of a trained AI model in the source domain can be transferred to the corresponding layers of the AI ​​model in the target domain. These layers can be fixed (frozen) or fine-tuned. Furthermore, the remaining layers in the target domain may not have corresponding layers in the source domain, or they can be newly trained (or fine-tuned) in the target domain.

[0138] The UE may also be expected to compile the AI ​​model only when it is assigned (or notified) a compiled model ID. The compilation information may also be equivalent to allocation information for allocating a compiled model ID to a global model ID.

[0139] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates an example of AI model compilation. In this example, the UE sends executable AI model information representing (global) models #00X and #00Y to the base station. The base station determines the compiled model ID for model #00X as #1 and the compiled model ID for model #00Y as #2, and sends compilation information indicating these to the UE. Based on this compilation information, the UE compiles compiled model #1 based on model #00X and compiled model #2 based on model #00Y.

[0140] In addition, in this disclosure, the compiled model can also be regarded as an executable AI model.

[0141] Furthermore, even without receiving coding information from the base station, the UE can autonomously modify, extend, or revise the global model to determine (configure) the coded model. In this case, the UE can also transmit information (also referred to as mapping information) regarding the relationship (mapping) between the global model and the coded model to the base station.

[0142] The mapping information may also include a global model ID corresponding to the compiled model ID for each compiled model. Similar to the executable AI model information in the modification of the first embodiment, the mapping information may also include AI model information other than the ID.

[0143] The mapping information may not include the global model ID (e.g., it may only include the compiled model ID / associated AI model information). For example, if the UE can only execute one global model, it is not necessary to include the global model ID in the mapping information for notification.

[0144] Figure 5 This figure shows another example of AI model compilation. In this example, the UE sends executable AI model information representing (global) models #00X and #00Y to the base station.

[0145] The UE compiles the compiled model #1 based on model #00X and the compiled model #2 based on model #00Y. The UE then sends mapping information indicating that the compiled model ID corresponding to model #00X is #1 and the compiled model ID corresponding to model #00Y is #2 to the NW.

[0146] Furthermore, in this disclosure, it is preferred that the compiled model ID be expressed (identified) using a shorter sequence (string, number, symbol, etc.) than the global model ID. Therefore, the aforementioned method of identifying a model using the global model ID and the compiled model ID has the advantage of reducing the overhead associated with notifying the compiled model ID.

[0147] (Reception of meta-information by UE)

[0148] The UE may also receive at least one of the following as meta-information.

[0149] [Meta information]

[0150] The meta-information used by the UE / NW may include at least one of the following: information related to NW configuration / deployment, information related to the environment, information related to the AL / ML model on the NW side, and information related to the model requested by the NW.

[0151] The information related to the NW setting / arrangement may include, for example, information related to the antenna setting.

[0152] The information related to the antenna settings may also indicate, for example, at least one of the number of horizontal / vertical antenna elements / panels, the number of ports, antenna spacing, antenna position, panel position, and transceiver unit (TxRU) mapping.

[0153] Information related to NW settings / configuration may include information related to beam settings, for example.

[0154] The information related to the beam setting may include, for example, at least one of the beam width, the number of beams, and the beam direction.

[0155] Information related to NW settings / configuration may also include information related to TRP, for example.

[0156] Information related to beam setting may also include, for example, at least one of the height of the TRP and the relative positions of multiple TRPs.

[0157] The environment-related information may also include, for example, configuration context-related information.

[0158] The information related to the configuration scenario may also indicate, for example, at least one of an urban macro cell (Urban Macro (UMa)), an urban micro cell (Urban Micro (Umi)), and an indoor hotspot (InH).

[0159] The information related to the environment may include, for example, information related to indoors or outdoors.

[0160] Information related to indoors or outdoors may also indicate, for example, an indoor / outdoor probability.

[0161] The information related to the environment may be, for example, information related to objects around the UE / base station.

[0162] The information related to objects around the UE / base station may also indicate, for example, the configuration of objects around the UE / base station.

[0163] The information related to the environment may include, for example, the scenario setting format (meta-information) described below.

[0164] Use cases for AI models can also be associated with scenario-based formats consisting of long-tern features.

[0165] Furthermore, long-term features can be interchanged with short-term, medium-term, and long-term features, or simply referred to as features. Furthermore, scenario configuration formats can be interchanged with meta-information, meta-information format, scenario and configuration format, scenario structure format, scenario format, configuration format, use case format, environment format, and meta-format. Furthermore, formats can be interchanged with types, patterns, data, and configurations.

[0166] The above features may also include one or more combinations of the following elements:

[0167] Scenario / model (Urban Macro (UMa)), Urban Micro (Umi), indoor, outdoor, indoor hotspot (InH), etc.);

[0168] Frequency / frequency range;

[0169] Parameter set (or subcarrier spacing);

[0170] Distribution / aggregation of general channel parameters (e.g., inter-site distances (ISD), gNB height, delay spread, angular spread, Doppler spread, etc.) within a single scenario / model;

[0171] UE distribution;

[0172] UE speed;

[0173] UE track;

[0174] Number of transmit beams / receive beams;

[0175] UE rotation mode;

[0176] gNB / UE antenna structure (e.g., transmit and receive antenna vectors);

[0177] Number of cells / sectors;

[0178] ·bandwidth;

[0179] UE payload;

[0180] Channel quality (e.g., RSRP, SINR);

[0181] beam configuration ID

[0182] Physical Cell ID (PCI)

[0183] Global Cell ID (GCI);

[0184] Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN);

[0185] Line of Site (LOS) / Non-Line of Site (NLOS) probability.

[0186] A model in which the scenario setting format associated with the UE being configured / registered (registered) is consistent with the UE's settings / status can also be expected.

[0187] In addition, a model in which the scenario setting format associated with UE activation is consistent with the UE's settings / status can also be expected.

[0188] The correspondence between use cases and scenario formats can be specified in the standard, and information about the correspondence can be notified to the UE. Furthermore, the features included in the scenario format corresponding to the use case can be specified in the standard, and information about the features can be notified to the UE.

[0189] The information on the AL / ML model on the NW side may include, for example, information on a paired model that can be used on the NW side.

[0190] The information on the paired model that can be used on the NW side may indicate, for example, a paired decoder for CSI compression.

[0191] The information on the AL / ML model on the NW side may include, for example, information on pre-processing / post-processing that can be used on the NW side.

[0192] The information on pre-processing / post-processing that can be used on the NW side may include, for example, at least one of quantization / dequantization processing, DFT transformation, IDFT transformation, FFT transformation, and IFFT transformation.

[0193] The information on the model requested by the NW may include, for example, information described in at least one of the following options A to H.

[0194] [[Option A]]

[0195] The UE may also report information related to the capabilities of the model.

[0196] The function of the model may also be, for example, at least one of temporal beam prediction, spatial domain beam prediction, temporal CSI prediction, spatial CSI prediction, direct AI positioning, and AI-assisted positioning.

[0197] [[Option B]]

[0198] The UE may also report information related to the predicted time offset.

[0199] The time offset may be, for example, the time offset between the predicted CSI timing and the latest CSI-RS timing that is later than the CSI reference resource.

[0200] [[Option C]]

[0201] The UE may also report the number of predicted beams.

[0202] The number of predicted beams may be the number of the top K (top K) predicted beams as a result of model inference.

[0203] [[Option D]]

[0204] The UE may also report at least one of the compression ratio of the CSI and the bit length of the coded bits.

[0205] [[Option E]]

[0206] The UE may also report information of at least one AI / ML model described in Supplement 1 below.

[0207] [[Option F]]

[0208] The UE may also report meta-information to which the reported model can be applied.

[0209] In this case, a data set of meta-IDs / meta-information may be collected for use in training the corresponding model.

[0210] [[Option G]]

[0211] The UE may also report performance metrics that can be calculated during monitoring of the model.

[0212] [[Option H]]

[0213] The UE may also report the priorities (priority levels) of multiple AI / ML models when multiple AI / ML models are reported.

[0214] According to Option H, the UE is able to prioritize specific AI / ML models based on the UE's status (e.g., power consumption / computing resources) and the complexity of the model.

[0215] In the case of option H, the NW may or may not follow the reported priority.

[0216] The UE may also receive a meta ID. The UE may also receive a meta ID instead of meta information.

[0217] A meta ID may also be associated with the at least one information.

[0218] NW vendors tend not to disclose NW configuration / settings information, regardless of how much it affects data characteristics. By using the meta-ID, UEs can distinguish and determine NW settings / environment even if they cannot identify the exact NW configuration / settings.

[0219] The meta ID may be defined / set for each information type or for each of a plurality of information types.

[0220] The UE may also receive one or more meta IDs.

[0221] For example, the UE may also receive at least one of the following: a meta ID related to antenna settings, a meta ID related to beam settings, and a meta ID related to the environment. For example, the UE may also receive at least one of the following: a meta ID related to antenna settings, a meta ID related to beam settings, and a meta ID related to the environment.

[0222] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing an example of receiving a meta ID. Figure 6 In the example shown, the UE receives a meta ID (step S601 ) and then determines / identifies information required for model management (eg, information indicating what kind of environment / settings / configuration) (step S602 ).

[0223] In addition, the UE may also receive information associated with the meta-information. The UE may also receive one or more pieces of such information.

[0224] The information associated with the meta information may include, for example, area information regarding the area to which the meta ID is applied.

[0225] The area information may also represent, for example, at least one of the following: a set of area IDs, a global ID of a cell (e.g., an NR cell), an ID of a physical cell (e.g., an NR physical cell), an ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number), and an evolved cell global ID (ECGI).

[0226] The information associated with the meta-information may include, for example, information regarding when the meta-information is applied (eg, information regarding the application timing of the meta-information).

[0227] For example, the information may indicate at least one of the following: a timing to start application of the meta-information, a timing to end application of the meta-information, and a period of application of the meta-information expected by the UE.

[0228] The information associated with the meta-information may include, for example, information on how many other meta-information items are associated with one piece of meta-information.

[0229] (analyze)

[0230] In future wireless communication systems (Rel. 18 and later), it is considered that new models / settings / environments will frequently appear (be prescribed / defined).

[0231] In this case, it is considered beneficial to enable a specific ID (for example, meta ID / model ID) to be newly introduced within a certain version.

[0232] Furthermore, in order to achieve consistent identification between the NW and the UE, it is conceivable to uniquely define the specific ID (for example, meta ID / model ID).

[0233] However, if this specific ID (for example, meta ID / model ID) is globally and uniquely defined, there is a concern that variations will increase and the length (sequence) of the ID will become significantly longer.

[0234] In this case, it is conceivable to combine the specific ID (for example, meta ID / model ID) with other information to differentiate the ID, thereby reducing the length and sequence of the ID.

[0235] As described above, there has been insufficient research on the specific structure of the specific ID (for example, meta ID / model ID).

[0236] Furthermore, in future wireless communication systems, for specific IDs (eg, meta ID / model ID), registration / allocation by vendors of UE / base station / LMF is being studied.

[0237] In this case, it is considered beneficial to introduce a supplier-related ID. However, the structure of this ID has not been fully studied.

[0238] Furthermore, in future wireless communication systems, the use of a global format or a local format to represent a specific ID (eg, a meta ID) is being studied.

[0239] It is considered beneficial to define / introduce / support the mapping between the global format and the local format. However, the structure of the mapping is not well studied.

[0240] If the above-mentioned studies are insufficient, there is a concern that improvements in communication throughput and communication quality may be suppressed.

[0241] Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have come up with a method for solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0242] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods according to the respective embodiments may be applied individually or in combination.

[0243] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be replaced with each other. In addition, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0244] In the present disclosure, the words “notify,” “activate,” “deactivate,” “indicate,” “select,” “configure,” “update,” and “determine” may be used interchangeably. In the present disclosure, the words “support,” “control,” “controllable,” “operate,” and “operable” may also be used interchangeably.

[0245] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, fields, Information Elements (IEs), and settings may also be overwritten. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Elements (CEs), update commands, and activation / deactivation commands may also be overwritten.

[0246] In the present disclosure, high-layer signaling may be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (for example, positioning protocols (for example, NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa)) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP))) messages, etc.) or any one of them, or a combination thereof.

[0247] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, a MAC Control Element (MACCE) and a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU). Broadcast information may include, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), minimum system information (Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI)), and other system information (Other System Information (OSI)).

[0248] In the present disclosure, the physical layer signaling may also be, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)), uplink control information (Uplink Control Information (UCI)), etc.

[0249] (Wireless Communication Method)

[0250] The UE may also receive information indicating a specific ID. The UE may also judge / determine information corresponding to the specific ID based on the information indicating the specific ID.

[0251] In the present disclosure, specific IDs, model IDs, meta IDs (IDs of meta information / aggregates of meta information), feature IDs, and functionality IDs may be overwritten with each other.

[0252] In the following embodiments of the present disclosure, model ID / meta ID is particularly used as an example for description, but the name of the ID is not limited thereto.

[0253] <First embodiment>

[0254] The first embodiment relates to the structure of specific IDs (eg, meta ID / model ID / function ID).

[0255] The first embodiment is roughly divided into Embodiments 1-1 to 1-6. UE / NW may comply with any one of Embodiments 1-1 to 1-6, or may apply at least two of Embodiments 1-1 to 1-6 in combination.

[0256] Implementation Method 1-1

[0257] A specific ID (e.g., meta ID / model ID / function ID) may also be specified / introduced in combination with other information / IDs. A specific ID (e.g., meta ID / model ID / function ID) may also be specified / introduced within other information / IDs.

[0258] The information related to the specific ID received by the UE may also include the specific ID and one or more other information / IDs.

[0259] For example, a specific ID may be defined within each region / MNO (e.g., PLMN) / existing ID (e.g., at least one ID used in the above-mentioned existing NR). The specific ID may also be a unique ID within each region / MNO (e.g., PLMN) / existing ID (e.g., at least one ID used in the above-mentioned existing NR).

[0260] The UE / NW may also expect / assume / judge that a specific ID is a unique ID within each area / MNO / existing ID.

[0261] For example, the UE may also expect / assume / judge that when the model ID / meta ID / function ID are different, the model / meta information / function are different.

[0262] According to embodiment 1-1, by combining a specific ID with other information / IDs, specific model / meta information can be identified with a shorter length / sequence.

[0263] In addition, in the present disclosure, a region may be determined based on at least one of the following: MCC, area ID, a set of area IDs, NR cell global ID, NR physical cell ID, ARFCN, and Evolved Cell Global ID (ECGI). For example, the same region may have at least one of the following in common: MCC, area ID, a set of area IDs, NR cell global ID, NR physical cell ID, ARFCN, and ECGI. In the present disclosure, the region, MCC, area ID, a set of area IDs, NR cell global ID, NR physical cell ID, ARFCN, and ECGI may be replaced with each other.

[0264] Furthermore, a specific ID (eg, model ID / meta ID) may also be specified within the function / function ID.

[0265] For example, the UE / NW may also expect / assume / judge that a specific ID (eg, model ID / meta ID) is a unique ID within a function / function ID.

[0266] In this case, by combining functions and model / meta information for identification, the length and sequence of IDs can be shortened, and overhead can be reduced.

[0267] In addition, although embodiment 1-1 is particularly suitable for application to a meta ID that can be configured by an operator, it can also be suitably applied to other IDs.

[0268] Implementation Method 1-2

[0269] A specific ID (e.g., meta ID / model ID / function ID) may be specified / introduced in combination with other information / IDs. A specific ID (e.g., meta ID / model ID / function ID) may also be specified / introduced within other information / IDs.

[0270] For example, the specific ID may be defined in at least one of each region, a base station / LMF / UE vendor (e.g., TAC), and an existing ID (e.g., at least one ID used in the above-mentioned existing NR). The specific ID may also be unique in at least one of each region, a base station / LMF / UE vendor, and an existing ID.

[0271] The UE / NW may also expect / assume / judge that the specific ID is a unique ID in each area, in the supplier (which may also be rewritten as the manufacturer) of the base station / LMF / UE, and in at least one of the existing IDs.

[0272] For example, the UE may also expect / assume / judge that when the model ID / meta ID / function ID are different, the model / meta information / function are different.

[0273] According to Embodiment 1-2, by having a supplier, for example, determine a specific ID, it becomes easy to generate, introduce, and specify a unique ID in the supplier / manufacturer.

[0274] In addition, information related to the provider can also be sent and received between the UE and the NW / base station using the second embodiment described below.

[0275] Figure 7A This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a model ID according to Embodiments 1-1 / 1-2. Figure 7A Although the case of the model ID is shown, it can also be applied to other IDs such as the meta ID.

[0276] exist Figure 7A In the example shown, the model ID is specified in combination with other IDs. In other words, the model ID is unique among the other IDs. In this case, if the combination of the model ID and other IDs is different, it means that the model is different.

[0277] In addition, while the embodiments 1-2 are particularly suitable for application to model IDs configured by vendors, they can also be suitably applied to other IDs.

[0278] Implementation Methods 1-3

[0279] Certain IDs (e.g., model ID / meta ID) may also contain one or more other IDs.

[0280] A specific ID (eg, model ID / meta ID) may also be composed of one or more other IDs.

[0281] The other ID may be, for example, an existing ID (for example, at least one ID used in the above-mentioned existing NR). For example, the other ID may be at least one of a TAC, a vendor ID, and a regional ID.

[0282] The UE uses a specific portion within a specific ID to report the specific ID. The specific portion may also be composed of one or more IDs that constitute the specific ID.

[0283] For example, when the UE has already reported the first part of a specific ID to the NW, it may also use parts other than the first part (eg, the second part, the third part, etc.) constituting the specific ID to report on the specific ID.

[0284] With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the overhead associated with UE reporting.

[0285] For example, the UE may also perform the reporting of this embodiment in a specific procedure / operation (eg, at least one of a Life Cycle Management (LCM) procedure and the transmission of auxiliary signaling).

[0286] The LCM process may also be at least one of the following: model monitoring, model activation, model deactivation, data collection, UE capability, and model training.

[0287] Figure 7B This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the model ID involved in Embodiments 1-3. Figure 7B Although the case of the model ID is shown, it can also be applied to other IDs such as the meta ID.

[0288] exist Figure 7B In the example shown, the model ID is composed of other IDs (ID#1, ID#2) (and other parts (eg, parts indicating the model)). The model ID may also be composed of other IDs and parts indicating the model.

[0289] For example, in Figure 7B In the example shown, even if the UE has already reported other ID#1 and ID#2, it may report only the remaining IDs to perform the report on the model ID.

[0290] Implementation Methods 1-4

[0291] Certain IDs (e.g., model ID / meta ID) may also contain CD / SD.

[0292] This CD / SD can also be used for ID authentication, for example.

[0293] The value / bit of the CD / SD may also be determined based on a specific rule (eg, Luhn algorithm).

[0294] Figure 7C This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the model ID involved in Embodiments 1-4. Figure 7C Although the case of the model ID is shown, it can also be applied to other IDs such as the meta ID.

[0295] exist Figure 7C In the example shown, the model ID is configured to include bits / numbers unique to the model, and CD / SD.

[0296] According to Embodiments 1-4, authentication / verification of a specific ID can be appropriately performed.

[0297] Implementation Methods 1-5

[0298] A specific ID (eg, model ID / meta ID) may also be configured to include an identifier indicating a version (eg, may also be referred to as a version ID).

[0299] The identifier representing the version may also be an identifier based on an update of the model / meta information, for example.

[0300] The UE / NW may also expect / assume / judge the sharing / use / measurement / input / output of the model / meta-information based on the specific part included in the specific ID.

[0301] The specific portion may be, for example, a portion other than the version ID included in the specific ID.

[0302] For example, when specific parts included in specific IDs are the same, the UE / NW may also expect / assume / judge that the corresponding models share the same function.

[0303] For example, when specific parts included in specific IDs are the same, the UE / NW may also expect / assume / judge that the corresponding models are not used simultaneously.

[0304] For example, when specific parts included in specific IDs are the same, the UE / NW may also expect / assume / judge that the corresponding models require the same input / measurement for model inference.

[0305] For example, when specific parts included in specific IDs are the same, the UE / NW may also expect / assume / judge that the corresponding models can derive / obtain the same output type from model reasoning.

[0306] Figure 7D This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the model ID involved in Embodiment 1-5. Figure 7DAlthough the case of the model ID is shown, it can also be applied to other IDs such as the meta ID.

[0307] exist Figure 7D In the example shown, the model ID is configured to include bits / numbers unique to the model and a version ID.

[0308] According to Embodiments 1-5, even if the model / meta information is updated, the update can be indicated by the version ID. Therefore, even if the versions are different, the model / meta information can be identified using common information.

[0309] Implementation Methods 1-6

[0310] You can also specify / set the length of specific IDs (such as model IDs / meta IDs).

[0311] For example, the length of a specific ID may be predetermined in the specification. By configuring in this way, signaling between the UE and the NW can be simplified.

[0312] For example, the length of a specific ID may be set based on a specific method. This specific method may be, for example, at least one of the methods described in Supplement 2 below. This configuration enables flexible signaling between the UE and the NW.

[0313] The length of the IDs (eg, other IDs / SD / CD / version IDs) that constitute a specific ID may also be specified / set.

[0314] For example, the length of the ID constituting a specific ID may be predetermined in the specification.

[0315] For example, the length of the ID constituting the specific ID may be set based on a specific method. This specific method may be, for example, at least one of the methods described in Supplement 2 below.

[0316] According to the first embodiment described above, the model ID / meta ID can be appropriately configured.

[0317] <Second embodiment>

[0318] In the second embodiment, an ID related to a supplier / manufacturer will be described.

[0319] In the present disclosure, IDs related to suppliers / manufacturers, supplier IDs, manufacture IDs, and device IDs may be overwritten with each other.

[0320] The second embodiment is roughly divided into Embodiments 2-1 and 2-2. UE / NW may follow either Embodiment 2-1 or 2-2, or may apply Embodiments 2-1 and 2-2 in combination.

[0321] Implementation Method 2-1

[0322] The UE may also receive the manufacture / device ID of the base station / LMF.

[0323] For example, the UE may also receive the ID by following at least one method described in Supplement 2 below.

[0324] For example, the UE may also receive the ID using signaling common to a group (eg, to multiple terminals).

[0325] For example, the UE may also receive the ID using system information (eg, SIB).

[0326] For example, the UE may also receive the ID using a broadcast / multicast channel. The broadcast channel may be, for example, a (group-common) PDSCH scheduled using a broadcast DCI format (e.g., DCI format 4_0). The multicast channel may also be, for example, a (group-common) PDSCH scheduled using a multicast DCI format (e.g., DCI format 4_1 / 4_2).

[0327] According to implementation 2-1, the UE can appropriately obtain the information required to identify the base station / LMF.

[0328] Implementation Method 2-2

[0329] The UE may also send / report the UE's manufacture / device ID.

[0330] The UE's manufacturing / device ID may be, for example, a TAC.

[0331] The UE may also send the ID to the NW (eg, base station / LMF) according to at least one method described in Supplement 3 below.

[0332] According to Embodiment 2-2, the NW can use both NAS (Non-Access Stratum) signals and AS (Access Stratum) signals to identify the manufacturer / device of the UE. Furthermore, even when the NW cannot use the UE's manufacturer / device ID, it can still obtain the UE's manufacturer / device ID appropriately.

[0333] The UE may also receive an instruction to report the UE's manufacturing / device ID, and the UE may also transmit / report the UE's manufacturing / device ID based on the instruction.

[0334] For example, the UE may also receive the indication by following at least one method described in Supplement 2 below.

[0335] For example, the UE may also receive the indication by using signaling common to a group (eg, for multiple terminals).

[0336] For example, the UE may also receive the indication by using system information (eg, SIB).

[0337] For example, the UE may also receive the indication using a broadcast / multicast channel. The broadcast channel may also be, for example, a (group-common) PDSCH scheduled using a broadcast DCI format (e.g., DCI format 4_0). The multicast channel may also be, for example, a (group-common) PDSCH scheduled using a multicast DCI format (e.g., DCI format 4_1 / 4_2).

[0338] According to the above second embodiment, it is possible to appropriately notify the ID related to the supplier / manufacturer.

[0339] <Third embodiment>

[0340] The third embodiment relates to the configuration of a specific ID (for example, a meta ID).

[0341] This embodiment particularly describes the meta ID, but the meta ID may be replaced with another specific ID (for example, a function ID) as described above.

[0342] A specific ID (eg, meta ID) may also be represented by at least one of a global ID (meta ID) and a local ID (meta ID).

[0343] The third embodiment is roughly divided into Embodiments 3-1 to 3-3. UE / NW may comply with any one of Embodiments 3-1 to 3-3, or may apply at least two of Embodiments 3-1 to 3-3 in combination.

[0344] Implementation Method 3-1

[0345] The UE may also receive / determine information related to the association (mapping / correspondence) between a global meta ID (global meta ID) and a local meta ID (local meta ID).

[0346] For example, the UE may also receive the information by following at least one method described in Supplement 2 below.

[0347] For example, the UE may also receive the information using signaling common to a group (eg, to multiple terminals).

[0348] For example, the UE may also receive the information using system information (eg, SIB).

[0349] For example, the UE may also receive the indication using a broadcast / multicast channel. The broadcast channel may also be, for example, a (group-common) PDSCH scheduled using a broadcast DCI format (e.g., DCI format 4_0). The multicast channel may also be, for example, a (group-common) PDSCH scheduled using a multicast DCI format (e.g., DCI format 4_1 / 4_2).

[0350] In this disclosure, a global ID may also mean an ID that is internationally / globally unique.

[0351] In the present disclosure, a local ID may also mean an ID that is unique in a specific situation (e.g., at least one of a specific area, a specific provider, a specific PLMN / operator, a specific network function within a specific core network, a specific session / time).

[0352] According to embodiment 3-1, by utilizing the association between the global ID and the local ID, the local ID can be utilized, and signaling overhead can be reduced.

[0353] Implementation Method 3-2

[0354] The UE may also determine / judge the association (mapping / correspondence) between the global meta-ID and the local meta-ID.

[0355] The UE may also report the (determined / judged) association (mapping / correspondence) between the global meta-ID and the local meta-ID to the NW.

[0356] According to Embodiment 3-2, by determining an association for using a local ID that is longer than a normal global ID sequence, it is possible to reduce signaling overhead.

[0357] Implementation Method 3-3

[0358] Regarding the association described in the above-mentioned Embodiments 3-1 / 3-2, the UE / NW may also judge / determine the period during which the association is valid.

[0359] This period may be specified in advance in the specification, or may be notified / set / indicated to the UE / NW in accordance with at least one of the methods described in Supplement 2 / 3 below.

[0360] According to the third embodiment described above, the meta ID can be appropriately configured.

[0361] <Supplement>

[0362] [Supplement 1: AI model information]

[0363] In this disclosure, AI model information may also mean information including at least one of the following:

[0364] AI model input / output information;

[0365] Information used for pre-processing / post-processing of AI model inputs / outputs;

[0366] Information about the parameters of the AI ​​model;

[0367] Training information for AI models (training information);

[0368] Reasoning information for AI models;

[0369] Performance information related to AI models.

[0370] Here, the input / output information of the AI ​​model may also include information related to at least one of the following:

[0371] Content of input / output data (e.g., RSRP, SINR, amplitude / phase information in the channel matrix (or precoding matrix), information related to the angle of arrival (AoA), information related to the angle of departure (AoD), and location information);

[0372] Auxiliary information about the data (also known as meta information);

[0373] The type of input / output data (e.g., immutable value, floating point number);

[0374] The bit width of the input / output data (e.g., 64 bits for each input value);

[0375] Quantization interval (step size) of input / output data (e.g., 1 dBm for L1-RSRP);

[0376] The range of possible input / output values ​​(e.g., [0, 1]).

[0377] In the present disclosure, information related to AoA may include information related to at least one of the azimuth angle of arrival and the zenith angle of arrival (ZoA). Furthermore, information related to AoD may include information related to at least one of the azimuth angle of departure and the zenith angle of departure (ZoD).

[0378] In the present disclosure, location information may also refer to location information related to the UE / NW. The location information may also include at least one of information obtained using a positioning system (e.g., a satellite positioning system (Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), Global Positioning System (GPS)), etc.) (e.g., latitude, longitude, altitude), information about a base station (BS) adjacent to (or serving) the UE (e.g., a BS / cell identifier (ID), BS-UE distance, direction / angle of the BS (UE) as viewed from the UE (BS), coordinates of the BS (UE) as viewed from the UE (BS) (e.g., X / Y / Z coordinates), etc.), and a specific address of the UE (e.g., an Internet Protocol (IP) address). The UE's location information is not limited to information based on the location of the BS and may also be information based on a specific point.

[0379] The location information may also include information related to its own implementation (eg, the location (position) / orientation of the antenna, the location / orientation of the antenna panel, the number of antennas, the number of antenna panels, etc.).

[0380] The location information may also include mobility information. The mobility information may also include information indicating at least one of the following: information indicating a mobility type, a moving speed of the UE, an acceleration of the UE, and a moving direction of the UE.

[0381] Here, the mobility type may also correspond to at least one of fixed location UE, movable / moving UE, no mobility UE, low mobility UE, middle mobility UE, high mobility UE, cell-edge UE, not-cell-edge UE, etc.

[0382] In the present disclosure, environmental information (used for data) may also be information related to the environment in which the data is obtained / utilized, and may correspond to frequency information (band ID, etc.), environment type information (information indicating at least one of indoor, outdoor, Urban Macro (UMa), Urban Micro (Urban Micro (Umi)), etc.), information indicating Line of Site (LOS) / Non-Line of Site (NLOS), etc.

[0383] Here, LOS can also mean that the UE and the BS are in an environment where they can see each other (or there are no obstructions), and NLOS can also mean that the UE and the BS are not in an environment where they can see each other (or there are obstructions). The information indicating LOS / NLOS can be a soft value (for example, the probability of LOS / NLOS) or a hard value (for example, either LOS or NLOS).

[0384] In this disclosure, meta-information may also refer to, for example, information related to input / output information suitable for AI models, information related to acquired / available data, and so on. Specifically, meta-information may include information related to RS (e.g., CSI-RS / SRS / SSB) beams (e.g., the angle of each beam, 3dB beamwidth, the shape of the beam, and the number of beams), gNB / UE antenna layout information, frequency information, environmental information, and meta-information IDs. Meta-information can also serve as input / output for AI models.

[0385] The pre-processing / post-processing information for the input / output of the AI ​​model may also include information related to at least one of the following:

[0386] Whether normalization is applied (e.g., Z-score normalization, min-max normalization);

[0387] Parameters used for normalization (e.g., mean / variance for Z-score normalization, min / max for min-max normalization);

[0388] Whether specific numerical transformation methods are applied (e.g., one hot encoding, label encoding, etc.);

[0389] Whether to use it as a selection rule for training data.

[0390] For example, the input information x can be pre-processed and Z-score normalized (xnew = (x-μ) / σ. Here, μ is the average of x and σ is the standard deviation) to obtain the normalized input information xnew, which is then input into the AI ​​model, and the output yout from the AI ​​model can be post-processed to obtain the final output y.

[0391] The information about the parameters of the AI ​​model may also include information related to at least one of the following:

[0392] Information about weights in the AI ​​model (e.g., coefficients (coupling coefficients) of neurons);

[0393] The structure of the AI ​​model

[0394] The types of AI models used as model components (e.g., Residual Network (ResNet), DenseNet, RefineNet, Transformer model, CRBlock, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU));

[0395] The capabilities of the AI ​​model as its components (e.g., decoder, encoder).

[0396] In addition, the weight information in the above AI model may also include information related to at least one of the following:

[0397] The bit width (size) of the weight information;

[0398] Quantization interval of weight information;

[0399] The granularity of weight information;

[0400] The range of weight information that can be taken;

[0401] Parameters for weights in AI models;

[0402] Information on the difference between the AI ​​model and the one before the update (in the case of an update);

[0403] Weight initialization methods (e.g., zero initialization, random initialization (based on normal distribution / uniform distribution / truncated normal distribution), Xavier initialization (for sigmoid function), He initialization (for Rectified Linear Units (ReLU))).

[0404] In addition, the structure of the AI ​​model may also include information related to at least one of the following:

[0405] Number of layers;

[0406] The type of layer (e.g., convolutional layer, activation layer, dense layer, normalization layer, pooling layer, attention layer);

[0407] Layer information;

[0408] Time series-specific parameters (e.g., bidirectionality, time step);

[0409] Parameters used for training (e.g., the type of function (L2 regularization, dropout function, etc.), where (e.g., after which layer) to set the function).

[0410] The layer information may also include information related to at least one of the following:

[0411] The number of neurons in each layer;

[0412] kernel size

[0413] Stride used for pooling / convolutional layers;

[0414] Pooling methods (MaxPooling, AveragePooling, etc.)

[0415] Information about the residual block;

[0416] Number of heads;

[0417] Normalization methods (batch normalization, instance normalization, layer normalization, etc.);

[0418] Activation functions (sigmoid, tanh, ReLU, leaky ReLU, Maxout, Softmax).

[0419] An AI model can also be included as a component of another AI model. For example, an AI model can be an AI model that processes a densely connected network (ResNet) as model component #1, a Transformer model as model component #2, a dense layer, and a normalization layer in this order.

[0420] The training information for the AI ​​model may also include information related to at least one of the following:

[0421] Information about the optimization algorithm used (e.g., the type of optimization (Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD)), AdaGrad, Adam, etc.), the parameters optimized (learning rate, momentum information, etc.);

[0422] Information about the loss function (e.g., information about the metrics of the loss function (Mean Absolute Error (MAE)), Mean Square Error (MSE), Cross-Entropy Loss, NLLLoss (Negative Log Likelihood Loss), Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, etc.));

[0423] Parameters (e.g., layers, weights) that should be frozen to be used for training;

[0424] Parameters that should be updated (e.g., layers, weights);

[0425] Parameters (e.g., layers, weights) that should be used as initial parameters for training;

[0426] The AI ​​model’s training / update method (e.g., (recommended) number of epochs, batch size, amount of data used in training).

[0427] The inference information used for the AI ​​model may also include information related to decision tree branch pruning, parameter quantization, AI model functions, etc. Here, the AI ​​model functions may also correspond to at least one of time-domain beam prediction, spatial-domain beam prediction, an autoencoder for CSI feedback, and an autoencoder for beam management, for example.

[0428] The autoencoder for CSI feedback can also be used as follows:

[0429] The UE inputs the CSI / channel matrix / precoding matrix into the encoder's AI model, and the resulting coded bits are sent as CSI feedback (CSI report).

[0430] The BS reconstructs the received coded bits as input to the decoder's AI model and outputs the CSI / channel matrix / precoding matrix.

[0431] In spatial domain beam prediction, the UE / BS can also input sparse (or coarse) beam-based measurement results (beam quality, for example, RSRP) into the AI ​​model and output dense (or fine) beam quality.

[0432] In time-domain beam prediction, the UE / BS can also input time-series (past, current, etc.) measurement results (beam quality, for example, RSRP) into the AI ​​model and output future beam quality.

[0433] The performance information related to the above-mentioned AI model may also include information related to the expected value of the loss function defined for the AI ​​model.

[0434] The AI ​​model information in this disclosure may also include information related to the application scope (applicable scope) of the AI ​​model. This application scope may also be represented by a physical cell ID, serving cell index, etc. Information related to the application scope may also be included in the aforementioned environmental information.

[0435] AI model information related to a specific AI model can be pre-specified in the standard or notified to the UE from the network (NW). The AI ​​model specified in the standard is also referred to as the reference AI model. AI model information related to the reference AI model is also referred to as reference AI model information.

[0436] Furthermore, the AI ​​model information in this disclosure may also include an index for identifying the AI ​​model (e.g., also referred to as an AI model index, AI model ID, model ID, etc.). The AI ​​model information in this disclosure may also include an AI model index in addition to or in place of the aforementioned AI model input / output information, etc. The association between the AI ​​model index and AI model information (e.g., AI model input / output information) may be pre-defined in the standard or notified to the UE from the NW.

[0437] The AI ​​model information in this disclosure may also be associated with an AI model and may also be referred to as AI model-related information (or simply as "related information"). Information used to identify the AI ​​model may not be explicitly included in the AI ​​model-related information. For example, the AI ​​model-related information may include only metadata.

[0438] In the present disclosure, the model ID may be replaced with the ID corresponding to the set of AI models (model set ID). In addition, in the present disclosure, the model ID may be replaced with the meta-information ID. As described above, meta-information (or meta-information ID) may also be associated with information related to beams (beam settings). For example, meta-information (or meta-information ID) may be used by the UE to select an AI model based on which beam the BS is using, or by the UE to notify the BS which beam to use in order to apply a deployed AI model. In addition, in the present disclosure, the meta-information ID may be replaced with the ID corresponding to the set of meta-information (meta-information set ID).

[0439] [Supplement 2: Information Notification to UE]

[0440] The notification of any information (from the NW) to the UE in the above-mentioned embodiments (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be carried out using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals) or a combination thereof.

[0441] When the notification is performed through a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new logical channel ID (LCID) not specified in existing standards in a MAC subheader.

[0442] When the above notification is performed through DCI, the above notification can also be performed through a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used for scrambling the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0443] In addition, notification of any information in the above-mentioned embodiments to the UE may be performed periodically, semi-continuously, or aperiodically.

[0444] [Supplement 3: Notification of information from UE]

[0445] The notification of arbitrary information from the UE (to the NW) in the above-mentioned embodiment (in other words, the sending / reporting of arbitrary information in the UE to the BS) can also be carried out using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MACCE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, reference signals) or a combination thereof.

[0446] In the case where the above notification is performed through MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by the fact that a new LCID not specified in the existing standard is included in the MAC subheader.

[0447] When the notification is performed using UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0448] Furthermore, the notification of arbitrary information from the UE in the above-mentioned embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-continuously, or aperiodically.

[0449] [Regarding the application of each embodiment]

[0450] At least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may also be applied to a case where a specific condition is satisfied. The specific condition may be specified in a standard or may be notified to the UE / BS using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0451] At least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may also be applied only to UEs that report a specific UE capability or support the specific UE capability.

[0452] The specific UE capability may also indicate at least one of the following:

[0453] Supporting specific processing / operation / control / information related to at least one of the above embodiments (e.g., specific ID (e.g., meta ID / model ID / function ID));

[0454] Support meta information / model information;

[0455] The number of supported meta information / model information / meta IDs / model IDs / function IDs.

[0456] In addition, the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities can be capabilities that are applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or capabilities for each frequency (for example, one or a combination of cells, bands, band combinations, BWPs, component carriers, etc.), or capabilities for each frequency range (for example, Frequency Range 1 (FR1)), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or capabilities for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or capabilities for each feature set (Feature Set (FS)) or each component carrier (Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC)).

[0457] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that applies across all duplex modes (commonly regardless of the duplex mode) or a capability for each duplex mode (eg, time division duplex (TDD) or frequency division duplex (FDD)).

[0458] In addition, at least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may also be applied to the following situation: specific information associated with the above-mentioned embodiments is configured / activated / triggered by the UE through higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling (or the operations of the above-mentioned embodiments are implemented). For example, the specific information may be information indicating activation of a specific configuration, any RRC parameter for a specific release (e.g., Rel. 18 / 19), etc.

[0459] In the case where the UE does not support the above-mentioned at least one specific UE capability or is not configured with the above-mentioned specific information, the UE may also apply the Rel.15 / 16 operation, for example.

[0460] (Supplementary Note A)

[0461] The following inventions are added to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0462] [Supplementary Note A-1]

[0463] A terminal having:

[0464] a receiving unit that receives information related to an identifier (ID) of a model; and

[0465] The control unit determines the model corresponding to the ID of the model based on the information,

[0466] The information includes the ID of the model and an ID related to a region or a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN).

[0467] [Supplementary Note A-2]

[0468] The terminal as described in Supplement A-1, wherein

[0469] The model ID includes at least one of the following: another identifier, verification information, and a version identifier.

[0470] [Supplementary Note A-3]

[0471] The terminal as described in Supplement A-1 or Supplement A-2, wherein:

[0472] The receiving unit receives the device ID of the base station.

[0473] [Supplementary Note A-4]

[0474] The terminal according to any one of Supplement A-1 to Supplement A-3, wherein:

[0475] The receiving unit receives an instruction related to reporting of the device ID of the terminal,

[0476] The control unit determines the report based on the instruction.

[0477] (Supplementary Note B)

[0478] The following inventions are added to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0479] [Supplementary Note B-1]

[0480] A terminal having:

[0481] a receiving unit that receives information related to an identifier (ID) of the meta information; and

[0482] The control unit determines the meta information corresponding to the ID of the meta information based on the information,

[0483] The information includes the ID of the meta information and an ID related to a region or a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN).

[0484] [Supplementary Note B-2]

[0485] The terminal as described in Supplement B-1, wherein

[0486] The meta-information ID includes at least one of the following: another identifier, verification information, and a version identifier.

[0487] [Supplementary Note B-3]

[0488] The terminal as described in Supplement B-1 or Supplement B-2, wherein:

[0489] The receiving unit receives an instruction related to reporting of the device ID of the terminal,

[0490] The control unit determines the report based on the instruction.

[0491] [Supplementary Note B-4]

[0492] The terminal as described in any one of Supplement B-1 to Supplement B-3, wherein:

[0493] The control unit determines an association between a global ID and a local ID regarding an ID of the meta information.

[0494] (Wireless Communication System)

[0495] The following describes a configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0496] Figure 8 This figure shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. Wireless communication system 1 (may also be referred to simply as system 1) may be a system that implements communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the fifth-generation mobile communication system New Radio (5GNR), or the like.

[0497] In addition, the wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)) between multiple radio access technologies (Radio Access Technologies (RATs)). MR-DC may also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and the like.

[0498] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0499] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC)) in which both the MN and the SN are NR base stations (gNB)).

[0500] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are deployed within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may also be located within at least one of the cells. The arrangement and number of cells and user terminals 20 are not limited to those shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when not distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they are collectively referred to as base stations 10.

[0501] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0502] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). The frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these. For example, FR1 may correspond to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0503] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0504] Multiple base stations 10 may be connected via wired (e.g., optical fiber based on the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which functions as a host station, may be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which functions as a relay station (relay), may be referred to as an IAB node.

[0505] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an evolved packet core (EPC), a 5G core network (5GCN), and a next generation core (NGC).

[0506] The core network 30 may also include, for example, network functions (NFs), such as the User Plane Function (UPF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Application Function (AF), Data Network (DN), Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM). Furthermore, multiple functions may be provided by a single network node. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may be performed via the DN.

[0507] The user terminal 20 may also be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0508] In the wireless communication system 1 , a radio access scheme based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) may be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) may be used.

[0509] The radio access scheme may also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1 , other radio access schemes (eg, other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0510] As downlink channels, the wireless communication system 1 may use a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20 , a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc.

[0511] In addition, as uplink channels, the wireless communication system 1 can also use an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc.

[0512] User data, higher-layer control information, and system information blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via the PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information can also be transmitted via the PUSCH. Furthermore, the Master Information Block (MIB) can also be transmitted via the PBCH.

[0513] The lower layer control information may also be transmitted via the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0514] In addition, the DCI that schedules the PDSCH may also be referred to as DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules the PUSCH may also be referred to as UL grant, UL DCI, etc. In addition, the PDSCH may also be rewritten as DL data, and the PUSCH may also be rewritten as UL data.

[0515] PDCCH detection also utilizes a control resource set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources for searching for DCI. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor the CORESET associated with a search space based on the search space configuration.

[0516] A search space may also correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may also be referred to as a search space set. Furthermore, the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space setting," "search space set setting," "CORESET," and "CORESET setting" in this disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0517] The PUCCH can also transmit uplink control information (uplink control information (UCI)) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as hybrid automatic repeat request ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH can also transmit the random access preamble used to establish a connection with a cell.

[0518] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without the word “link.” Furthermore, various channels may be expressed without the word “physical” at the beginning.

[0519] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), and the like may also be transmitted. As DL-RSs, in the wireless communication system 1, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), and a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) may also be transmitted.

[0520] For example, a synchronization signal may be at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SSs (PSS, SSS) and PBCHs (and DMRS for the PBCH) may also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block or an SS block (SSB). Furthermore, SSs and SSBs may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0521] In addition, wireless communication system 1 may also transmit a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). DMRS is also called a user terminal-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0522] (Base Station)

[0523] Figure 9This figure shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Furthermore, one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may be provided.

[0524] In addition, in this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it is also conceivable that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Part of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0525] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure relates.

[0526] The control unit 110 may also control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. It may also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may also generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing (e.g., setup and release) of communication channels, manage the status of the base station 10, and manage radio resources.

[0527] Transmitter / receiver unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. Baseband unit 121 may also include a transmit processing unit 1211 and a receive processing unit 1212. Transmitter / receiver unit 120 may include a transmitter / receiver, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmit / receive circuits, and the like, as described based on common knowledge in the technical fields involved in this disclosure.

[0528] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting and receiving unit or may be configured as a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may also be configured as a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may also be configured as a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measuring unit 123.

[0529] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be formed of an antenna described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0530] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0531] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (eg, precoding), analog beamforming (eg, phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of a transmitting beam and a receiving beam.

[0532] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may also perform processing on the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, processing on the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), processing on the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., for data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, to generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0533] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (as needed), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing), precoding, digital-to-analog conversion, etc. on the bit sequence to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0534] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122 ) may also modulate the baseband signal into a radio frequency band, perform filter processing (filtering), amplify, etc., and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 .

[0535] Meanwhile, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122 ) may also perform amplification, filter processing (filtering), and demodulation into baseband signals on the radio frequency band signals received via the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 .

[0536] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may also apply receiving processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing (filtering processing), demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the obtained baseband signal to obtain user data, etc.

[0537] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measuring unit 123) may also perform measurements related to received signals. For example, the measuring unit 123 may perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements and channel state information (CSI) measurements based on the received signals. The measuring unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), and propagation path information (e.g., CSI). The measurement results may also be output to the control unit 110.

[0538] The transmission path interface 140 can also send and receive signals (return signaling) between the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, the network node providing NF), other base stations 10, etc., and obtain and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0539] In addition, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may also be composed of at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 120 , the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 , and the transmission path interface 140 .

[0540] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also transmit information related to a model identifier (ID). The control unit 110 may also use this information to indicate the model corresponding to the model ID. This information may also include the model ID and an ID related to a region or a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) (first embodiment).

[0541] Transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also transmit information related to an identifier (ID) of the meta-information. Control unit 110 may also use this information to indicate the meta-information corresponding to the meta-information ID. This information may also include the meta-information ID and an ID related to a region or a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) (first embodiment).

[0542] (User Terminal)

[0543] Figure 10 This figure shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Furthermore, the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may each be provided in one or more units.

[0544] In addition, in this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it is also assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Part of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0545] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure relates.

[0546] The control unit 210 may also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc. using the transmission and reception unit 220 and the transmission and reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 may also generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission and reception unit 220.

[0547] The transceiver unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may include a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, and the like, which are described based on common knowledge in the technical fields involved in this disclosure.

[0548] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting and receiving unit or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measuring unit 223.

[0549] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be formed of an antenna described based on common knowledge in the technical field involved in the present disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0550] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also transmit the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0551] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (eg, precoding), analog beamforming (eg, phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of a transmitting beam and a receiving beam.

[0552] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may also perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0553] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0554] Furthermore, whether or not to apply DFT processing may also be determined based on the transform precoding configuration. For a particular channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is enabled, the transceiver unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the aforementioned transmit processing in order to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform. Otherwise, the transceiver unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the aforementioned transmit processing.

[0555] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222 ) may also perform modulation, filter processing (filtering), amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting and receiving antenna 230 .

[0556] Meanwhile, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222 ) may also perform amplification, filter processing (filtering processing), and demodulation into a baseband signal on the radio frequency band signal received via the transmitting and receiving antenna 230 .

[0557] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may also apply receiving processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing (filtering processing), demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the obtained baseband signal, and obtain user data, etc.

[0558] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may also perform measurements related to received signals. For example, the measuring unit 223 may also perform RRM measurements and CSI measurements based on the received signals. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), and the like. The measurement results may also be output to the control unit 210.

[0559] In addition, the measurement unit 223 may also derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources may also be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. In addition, the measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources may also be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. In addition, CSI-IM may also be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) and may be interchangeable with Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. In addition, in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0560] In addition, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may also be composed of at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 220 and the transmitting and receiving antenna 230 .

[0561] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive information related to a model identifier (ID). The control unit 210 may also determine the model corresponding to the model ID based on this information. This information may also include the model ID and an ID related to a region or a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) (first embodiment).

[0562] The model ID may include at least one of the following: another identifier, verification information, and a version identifier (first embodiment).

[0563] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive the device ID of the base station (second embodiment).

[0564] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive an instruction regarding the report of the device ID of the terminal. The control unit 210 may also make a decision regarding the report based on the instruction (second embodiment).

[0565] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive information related to an identifier (ID) of the meta-information. Based on this information, the control unit 210 may also determine the meta-information corresponding to the meta-information ID. This information may also include the meta-information ID and an ID related to a region or a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) (first embodiment).

[0566] The meta-information ID may include at least one of the following: another identifier, verification information, and a version identifier (first embodiment).

[0567] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive an instruction regarding the report of the device ID of the terminal. The control unit 210 may also make a decision regarding the report based on the instruction (second embodiment).

[0568] The control unit 210 may also determine the association between the global ID and the local ID of the ID of the meta information (third embodiment).

[0569] (Hardware structure)

[0570] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate blocks of functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. Specifically, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or by connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices directly or indirectly (e.g., by wired or wireless connections) to implement these multiple devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining one or more of these devices with software.

[0571] Here, the term "function" includes, but is not limited to, judging, determining, calculating, calculating, processing, deriving, investigating, searching, confirming, receiving, sending, outputting, accessing, resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, assuming, expecting, regarding, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements a transmitting function may also be referred to as a transmitting unit, a transmitter, or the like. Any of these terms are as described above, and their implementation methods are not particularly limited.

[0572] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may also function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 11This figure shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007.

[0573] In this disclosure, the terms "device," "circuit," "equipment," "section," and "unit" are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or may exclude some of the devices.

[0574] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, multiple processors may be provided. Furthermore, processing may be performed by a single processor, or by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or using other methods. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented using more than one chip.

[0575] The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are realized, for example, by reading specific software (program) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via the communication device 1004, or by controlling at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0576] Processor 1001 controls the entire computer by, for example, operating an operating system. Processor 1001 may also be comprised of a central processing unit (CPU) including interfaces with peripheral devices, a control device, a computing device, registers, and the like. For example, at least a portion of the aforementioned control unit 110 (210) and transceiver unit 120 (220) may also be implemented by processor 1001.

[0577] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes based on these programs. As a program, a program that causes a computer to execute at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and executed by the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks can also be implemented similarly.

[0578] Memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. Memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (main storage device), or the like. Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, and the like for implementing the wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0579] Storage 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as at least one of a flexible disk, a floppy disk, an optical disk (such as a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM))), a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (such as a card, stick, or key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0580] The communication device 1004 is hardware (a transmitting and receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. For example, it is also referred to as a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. In order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may also be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) and the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 (230) may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) may also be implemented by a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0581] The input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from the outside (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to the outside (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, the input device 1005 and output device 1006 may be integrated (e.g., a touch panel).

[0582] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured as a single bus or may be configured as different buses between the devices.

[0583] Furthermore, the base station 10 and user terminal 20 may also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and may use this hardware to implement part or all of each functional block. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0584] (Variation)

[0585] In addition, the terms described in this disclosure and the terms required for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be replaced with each other. In addition, a signal may also be a message. Reference Signal (RS) may also be referred to as RS, and may also be referred to as Pilot, Pilot Signal, etc. depending on the applied standard. In addition, Component Carrier (CC) may also be referred to as Cell, Frequency Carrier, Carrier Frequency, etc.

[0586] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more time periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these one or more time periods (frames) that make up a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (for example, 1ms) that is independent of the numerology.

[0587] Here, a parameter set may also refer to communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set may also represent at least one of subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), the number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0588] In the time domain, a slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) Furthermore, a slot can also be a time unit based on a parameter set.

[0589] A time slot may also contain multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-slot may also be referred to as a sub-slot. A mini-slot may also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may also be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-slots may also be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0590] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, and symbols all represent time units used for signal transmission. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, and symbols may also be referred to by their respective equivalents. Furthermore, the time units of frame, subframe, time slot, mini-slot, and symbol in this disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0591] For example, a subframe can be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can be called a TTI, and a slot or a mini-slot can be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Furthermore, the unit representing a TTI can be called a slot, a mini-slot, or the like, rather than a subframe.

[0592] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit used for scheduling in wireless communications. For example, in the LTE system, a base station schedules each user terminal by allocating radio resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmit power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. The definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0593] A TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., and can also be a unit of processing for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Furthermore, when a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, code block, code word, etc. is actually mapped can be shorter than the TTI.

[0594] Furthermore, while a time slot or mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more time slots or one or more mini-slots) can also be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-slots) that constitute this minimum time unit for scheduling can also be controlled.

[0595] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini-slot, a subslot, a time slot, etc.

[0596] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., normal TTI, subframe, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a time length exceeding 1ms, and a short TTI (e.g., shortened TTI, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a TTI length shorter than the long TTI and longer than 1ms.

[0597] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it may also include one or more consecutive subcarriers (subcarriers). The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0598] In addition, an RB may also include one or more symbols in the time domain, and may also be the length of a slot, a mini-slot, a subframe, or a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc. may also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0599] In addition, one or more RBs may also be referred to as a physical resource block (Physical RB (PRB)), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0600] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0601] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also known as a fractional bandwidth) can also represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) used for a particular parameter set within a carrier. Common RBs can also be identified by their index relative to the common reference point for that carrier. PRBs can also be defined within a BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0602] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs may be configured within one carrier.

[0603] At least one of the configured BWPs may be activated, and the UE may not assume that it will transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside the activated BWP.

[0604] The above-mentioned structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, mini-slots, and symbols are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-slots within a slot, the number of symbols and RBs within a slot or mini-slot, the number of subcarriers within an RB, the number of symbols within a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in various ways.

[0605] Furthermore, the information and parameters described in this disclosure may be expressed as absolute values, relative values ​​relative to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by specific indexes.

[0606] The names used for parameters, etc. in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical formulas used for these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (such as PUCCH and PDCCH) and information elements can be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any respect.

[0607] Information, signals, and the like described in this disclosure may also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, and the like that may be referred to throughout the foregoing description may also be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0608] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. can be output in at least one of the following directions: from a higher layer (upper layer) to a lower layer (lower layer), and from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0609] Input and output information, signals, etc. can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc. can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. can also be sent to other devices.

[0610] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure and may also be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)), uplink control information (Uplink Control Information (UCI))), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB)), System Information Block (SIB), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0611] In addition, physical layer signaling may also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), Layer 1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, MAC signaling may also be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0612] Furthermore, notification of specific information (eg, notification of “it is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but may be performed implicitly (eg, by not notifying the specific information or by notifying other information).

[0613] The determination can be made using a value represented by a bit (0 or 1), a true or false value represented by true (true) or false (false) (Boolean value), or by comparing numerical values ​​(for example, comparing with a specific value).

[0614] The term “software” or “firmware” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, sub-programs, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, sub-routines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0615] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, and the like may also be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of a wired technology (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and a wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of the wired technology and the wireless technology is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0616] The terms "system" and "network" used in this disclosure are interchangeable. "Network" may also refer to devices included in the network (eg, base stations).

[0617] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding", "precoder", "weight (precoding weight)", "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL))", "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmit power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "layer", "number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "beam", "beam width", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", "panel", "UE panel", "transmitting entity", and "receiving entity" can be used interchangeably.

[0618] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, antenna ports can be interchanged with antenna ports used for any signal / channel (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) ports). In the present disclosure, resources can be interchanged with resources used for any signal / channel (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources, etc.). Furthermore, resources can include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Furthermore, a spatial domain transmit filter can include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0619] The above-mentioned group may also include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a code division multiplexing (CDM) group, a reference signal (RS) group, a control resource set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (for example, a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, etc.

[0620] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. can also be rewritten.

[0621] In addition, in the present disclosure, TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state (unified TCI state), common TCI state (common TCI state), joint TCI state, etc. can also be rewritten with each other.

[0622] In addition, in the present disclosure, "QCL", "QCL concept", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL characteristics (QCLproperty / properties)", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D) characteristics", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D)", etc. can also be rewritten with each other.

[0623] In the present disclosure, index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, resource ID, etc. may also be overwritten with each other. In the present disclosure, sequence, list, set, group, group, cluster, subset, etc. may also be overwritten with each other.

[0624] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) can also be overwritten. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" can also be overwritten with "a collection of spatial relationship information (TCI state)," "one or more spatial relationship information," and so on. TCI states and TCIs can also be overwritten. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationships can also be overwritten.

[0625] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (RP)", "transmission / reception point (TRP))", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" are used interchangeably. In some cases, a base station may be referred to as a macrocell, small cell, femtocell, or picocell.

[0626] A base station can accommodate one or more (for example, three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the base station's overall coverage area can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can be provided with communications services by a base station subsystem (for example, a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or the entire coverage area of ​​at least one of a base station and a base station subsystem providing communications services within that coverage area.

[0627] In the present disclosure, the matter of a base station sending information to a terminal may be replaced with the matter of the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0628] In the present disclosure, terms such as “mobile station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user device (UE)”, and “terminal” can be used interchangeably.

[0629] The mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, hand set, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate terminology.

[0630] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving object, a moving object body, etc.

[0631] The mobile object refers to a movable object, and the moving speed can be arbitrary, including situations where the mobile object is stopped. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, carts, rickshaws, ships (ships and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, hot air balloons, and objects carried by them. Furthermore, the mobile object may also be a mobile object that moves autonomously based on operating instructions.

[0632] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an aircraft, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0633] Figure 12 This figure shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. Vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0634] The drive unit 41 is composed of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also referred to as a handle), and steers at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the user's operation of the steering wheel.

[0635] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 included in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be referred to as an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0636] As signals from various sensors 50-58, there are the following signals, etc.: a current signal from the current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a speed signal of the front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by the speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by the air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by the vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by the acceleration sensor 54, a stepping amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by the accelerator pedal sensor 55, a stepping amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by the brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by the shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by the object detection sensor 58.

[0637] Information service unit 59 is composed of various devices that provide (output) various types of information, including driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, such as a navigation system, audio system, speakers, displays, televisions, and radios, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. Information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via communication module 60 and other means to provide various information and services (e.g., multimedia information and multimedia services) to the occupants of vehicle 40.

[0638] The information service unit 59 may include input devices for accepting input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.), and may also include output devices for implementing output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.).

[0639] The driving assistance system unit 64 is composed of various devices for providing functions for preventing accidents or reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning sensors (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., inertial measurement units (IMUs)), inertial navigation systems (INSs), etc.), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the driving assistance system unit 64 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to implement driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0640] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 with the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 within the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 included in the vehicle 40.

[0641] The communication module 60 is controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, various information can be transmitted and received with the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. Examples of external devices include the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20. Furthermore, the communication module 60 can also be, for example, at least one of the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (and can function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0642] The communication module 60 may also transmit at least one of the signals input to the electronic control unit 49 from the various sensors 50-58, information obtained based on these signals, and information based on external (user) input received via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, and the like may also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may also include information based on these inputs.

[0643] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on the vehicle's information service unit 59. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0644] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like included in the vehicle 40.

[0645] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a user terminal. For example, the various methods / implementations of this disclosure can also be applied to a structure in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 can also have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can also be rewritten with terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. can also be rewritten as sidelink channels.

[0646] Likewise, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be rewritten as a base station. In this case, the base station 10 may have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0647] In this disclosure, actions are described as being performed by a base station, and sometimes, depending on circumstances, by its upper node. In a network comprising one or more network nodes including a base station, various operations for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and a Serving-Gateway (S-GW)), or a combination thereof.

[0648] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure may be used individually or in combination, and may be switched between them during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, timings, flow charts, and the like of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure may be reversed as long as they do not conflict. For example, the methods described in this disclosure use an illustrative order to present elements of various steps, but are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0649] The various modes and embodiments described in the present disclosure may also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future Generation Radio Access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems utilizing other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems based on these that are extended, modified, generated, or specified. Furthermore, multiple systems may be combined for application (for example, LTE or LTE-A combined with 5G).

[0650] The phrase “based on” used in this disclosure does not mean “based only on” unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase “based on” means both “based only on” and “based at least on.”

[0651] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure, does not necessarily define the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be used or that the first element must in some way take precedence over the second element.

[0652] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a variety of operations. For example, "determining" may also include judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like as performing a "determination."

[0653] In addition, “judgment (decision)” may also refer to situations where receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), etc. are regarded as “judgment (decision)”.

[0654] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, and the like are considered "judgment (decision)." In other words, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where certain operations are considered "judgment (decision)." In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" can be interchanged with the aforementioned operations.

[0655] In this disclosure, "determine / determining" can be interchanged with "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," and the like. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "not assuming that..." can be interchanged with "assuming that..."

[0656] In the present disclosure, "expect" and "be expected" can be interchanged. For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." can also be expressed, for example, using the that clause, the to-infinitive, etc.) can be interchanged with "be expected ...". "Does not expect..." can also be interchanged with "Does not expect ...". Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." can be interchanged with "An apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ..." (for example, when apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B can also be a base station).

[0657] The “maximum transmit power” described in this disclosure may refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated maximum transmit power).

[0658] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," and all variations thereof refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between the two elements being "connected" or "coupled." The coupling or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" can also be rephrased as "accessed."

[0659] In the present disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider them to be "connected" or "combined" to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, they are "connected" or "combined" to each other using electromagnetic energy having a wavelength in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region, etc.

[0660] In the present disclosure, the term "A is different from B" may also mean "A and B are different from each other." Alternatively, the term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "bound" may also be interpreted in the same manner as "different."

[0661] When used in this disclosure, "include," "including," and variations thereof have the same inclusive meaning as the term "comprising." Furthermore, the term "or" used in this disclosure does not mean an exclusive OR.

[0662] In the present disclosure, when an article is added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the present disclosure may also include a case where the noun following the article is in a plural form.

[0663] In the present disclosure, “below,” “less than,” “above,” “more,” “equal to,” and the like may be replaced with each other. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, words meaning “good,” “bad,” “big,” “small,” “high,” “low,” “early,” “slow,” “wide,” “narrow,” and the like are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative forms, but may be replaced with each other. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, words meaning “good,” “bad,” “big,” “small,” “high,” “low,” “early,” “slow,” “wide,” “narrow,” and the like are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative forms, but may be replaced with each other as expressions appended with “the ith” (i is an arbitrary integer) (for example, “highest” may be replaced with “the ith highest”).

[0664] In the present disclosure, “of,” “for,” “regarding,” “related to,” “associated with,” etc. may also be replaced with each other.

[0665] In this disclosure, expressions such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" can be interchanged. Furthermore, A, B, and the like here can be replaced with nouns, gerunds, or ordinary sentences, depending on the context. Furthermore, the time difference between A and B can be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). Furthermore, a time offset can be applied to the time when A occurs. For example, "A" can be interchanged with "before / after the time offset when A occurs." This time offset (eg, one or more symbols / time slots) may be predetermined or determined by the UE based on notified information.

[0666] In the present disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, arbitrary time unit (eg, time slot, sub-time slot, symbol, sub-frame), period, opportunity (occasion), resource, etc. may also be interchangeable.

[0667] While the inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The disclosure herein is provided for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the inventions disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives information related to an identifier (ID) of a model; and The control unit determines the model corresponding to the ID of the model based on the information, The information includes the ID of the model and an ID related to the area or public land mobile network, PLMN.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein: The model ID includes at least one of the following: another identifier, verification information, and a version identifier.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein: The receiving unit receives the device ID of the base station. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein: The receiving unit receives an instruction related to reporting of the device ID of the terminal, The control unit determines the report based on the instruction.

5. A wireless communication method, which is a wireless communication method of a terminal, comprising: The step of receiving information related to an identifier or ID of the model; and Based on the information, a step of determining a model corresponding to the ID of the model, The information includes the ID of the model and an ID related to the area or public land mobile network, PLMN.

6. A base station comprising: a sending unit that sends information related to an identifier (ID) of the model; and The control unit, using the information, indicates a model corresponding to the ID of the model, The information includes the ID of the model and an ID related to the area or public land mobile network, PLMN.

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