Partial discharge detection device, method and equipment based on cantilever structure, medium and computer program product

Abstract

The invention relates to a partial discharge detection device, method and equipment based on a cantilever structure, a medium and a computer program product. The device comprises a laser, an optical circulator, a Fabry-Perot sensor, a photoelectric detector, a band-pass filter, a signal amplifier and an oscilloscope. The Fabry-Perot sensor is arranged right below the cantilever structure, and the Fabry-Perot sensor is also arranged in the transformer; the laser is used for generating laser, the laser is input into the Fabry-Perot sensor through the optical circulator, Fabry-Perot interference is generated between the cantilever structure and the end face of an optical fiber in the Fabry-Perot sensor, and interference light is obtained. The interference light sequentially enters the photoelectric detector, the signal amplifier and the oscilloscope through the optical circulator; and the oscilloscope is used for representing the partial discharge condition of the transformer according to the signal of the interference light. By adopting the device, the partial discharge measurement precision and accuracy can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of partial discharge detection, and in particular to a partial discharge detection device, method, equipment, medium and computer program product based on a cantilever structure. Background Art

[0002] Partial discharge (PD) is a key indicator of the insulation condition of high-voltage electrical equipment. It is both a precursor to insulation degradation and the primary cause of insulation breakdown in electrical equipment. PD testing effectively assesses the insulation condition of electrical equipment. When PD occurs in a dielectric, it generates electrical pulses, electromagnetic waves, ultrasound, light, localized overheating, and new chemical products. PD testing of transformers can detect early-stage insulation defects, significantly impacting the safety of power grid equipment and the reliable operation of the grid.

[0003] Traditional partial discharge detection devices use external ultrasonic sensors. Due to interference from transformer windings and other factors, the sound waves are already very weak when they are transmitted to the transformer casing. Many weak partial discharge ultrasonic signals cannot be effectively measured, and the precision and accuracy of partial discharge measurements are low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a partial discharge detection device, method, equipment, medium and computer program product based on a cantilever structure that can improve the precision and accuracy of partial discharge measurement in order to address the above technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a partial discharge detection device based on a cantilever structure, the device comprising:

[0006] Lasers, optical circulators, Fabry-Perot sensors, photodetectors, bandpass filters, signal amplifiers, and oscilloscopes;

[0007] The Fabry-Perot sensor is arranged directly below the cantilever structure, and the Fabry-Perot sensor is also arranged inside the transformer;

[0008] The laser is used to generate laser light, which is input into the Fabry-Perot sensor through the optical circulator, generating Fabry-Perot interference between the cantilever structure and the optical fiber end face in the Fabry-Perot sensor to obtain interference light, and the interference light passes through the optical circulator and sequentially enters the photodetector, the signal amplifier, and the oscilloscope;

[0009] The oscilloscope is used to characterize the partial discharge condition of the transformer according to the signal of the interference light.

[0010] In some embodiments of the apparatus, the linewidth of the laser is 1 kHz and the central wavelength of the laser is 1550 nm.

[0011] In some embodiments of the device, the optical fiber length of the Fabry-Perot sensor is 2 m, and the Fabry-Perot cavity length of the Fabry-Perot sensor is 166 µm.

[0012] In some embodiments of the device, the Fabry-Perot sensor includes an optical fiber end face and a sensitivity-enhancing membrane based on a cantilever structure.

[0013] In some embodiments of the device, the reflectivity of the cantilever-based sensitization membrane is 99%.

[0014] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for detecting partial discharge based on a cantilever structure is provided, using the above-mentioned partial discharge detection device based on a cantilever structure. The method includes:

[0015] Generating laser light by means of a laser;

[0016] The laser is input into the Fabry-Perot sensor through an optical circulator, and Fabry-Perot interference is generated between the cantilever structure and the end face of the optical fiber in the Fabry-Perot sensor to obtain interference light;

[0017] The interference light is sequentially input into the photodetector, the signal amplifier and the oscilloscope through the optical circulator;

[0018] The partial discharge condition of the transformer is displayed by the oscilloscope according to the signal of the interference light.

[0019] In some embodiments of the method, the method further comprises:

[0020] In the event of partial discharge of the transformer, corresponding ultrasonic signal information is obtained by demodulating the interference light;

[0021] The partial discharge of the transformer is detected by using the ultrasonic signal information.

[0022] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer device is provided. The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are performed:

[0023] Generating laser light by means of a laser;

[0024] The laser is input into the Fabry-Perot sensor through an optical circulator, and Fabry-Perot interference is generated between the cantilever structure and the end face of the optical fiber in the Fabry-Perot sensor to obtain interference light;

[0025] The interference light is sequentially input into the photodetector, the signal amplifier and the oscilloscope through the optical circulator;

[0026] The partial discharge condition of the transformer is displayed by the oscilloscope according to the signal of the interference light.

[0027] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0028] Generating laser light by means of a laser;

[0029] The laser is input into the Fabry-Perot sensor through an optical circulator, and Fabry-Perot interference is generated between the cantilever structure and the end face of the optical fiber in the Fabry-Perot sensor to obtain interference light;

[0030] The interference light is sequentially input into the photodetector, the signal amplifier and the oscilloscope through the optical circulator;

[0031] The partial discharge condition of the transformer is displayed by the oscilloscope according to the signal of the interference light.

[0032] According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0033] Generating laser light by means of a laser;

[0034] The laser is input into the Fabry-Perot sensor through an optical circulator, and Fabry-Perot interference is generated between the cantilever structure and the end face of the optical fiber in the Fabry-Perot sensor to obtain interference light;

[0035] The interference light is sequentially input into the photodetector, the signal amplifier and the oscilloscope through the optical circulator;

[0036] The partial discharge condition of the transformer is displayed by the oscilloscope according to the signal of the interference light.

[0037] The partial discharge detection scheme based on a cantilever structure provided in the embodiment of the present application can obtain interference light by generating Fabry-Perot interference between the cantilever structure and the optical fiber end face in the Fabry-Perot sensor. By demodulating the interference light, the change in the Fabry-Perot cavity length can be obtained, and ultrasonic signal information can be obtained, thereby realizing partial discharge detection of the transformer. Since the Fabry-Perot sensor based on the cantilever structure has a larger deformation under the same conditions, it has higher sensitivity and a larger dynamic response range. Therefore, when the external partial discharge generates an ultrasonic signal, the vibration deflection sensitivity of the cantilever structure is also higher, and the obtained ultrasonic signal information is also more accurate and has a larger dynamic response range, thereby realizing more accurate detection of partial discharge of the transformer.

[0038] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the description are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 1 1 is a structural block diagram of a partial discharge detection device based on a cantilever structure according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0041] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Fabry-Perot sensor according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0042] Figure 3 1 is a flow chart of a partial discharge detection method based on a cantilever structure according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0043] Figure 4 The figure is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0044] Reference numerals: 100, partial discharge detection device based on cantilever structure; 110, laser; 120, optical circulator; 130, Fabry-Perot sensor; 140, photodetector; 150, bandpass filter; 160, signal amplifier; 170, oscilloscope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0047] It can be understood that the “connection” in the following embodiments should be understood as “electrical connection”, “communication connection”, etc. if there is transmission of electrical signals or data between the connected circuits, modules, units, etc.

[0048] It is understood that “at least one” refers to one or more, “a plurality” refers to two or more, and “at least a portion of an element” refers to a portion or all of an element.

[0049] As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" may also include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include," "comprising," "having," and the like specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Furthermore, the term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of the present disclosure and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The terms "comprise," "include," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, product, or apparatus comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus comprising the elements is not precluded. For example, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and the like are intended to indicate names and do not imply any specific order.

[0051] Taking the oil-paper insulated transformer as an example, these transformers are widely used in power systems due to their excellent stability, low failure rate, and high reliability. Ensuring their safety is crucial for the reliable operation of the entire power system. However, due to the complex structure and compact size of oil-paper insulated transformers, the internal electric field distribution can only be determined through multi-physics modeling and simulation, making experimental verification difficult and hindering the reliability design of oil-paper insulated transformers. Therefore, conducting partial discharge detection in oil-paper insulated transformers and promptly identifying early insulation defects within them are of great significance for ensuring the safety of power grid equipment and the reliable operation of the power grid.

[0052] When partial discharge occurs in oil-paper insulated transformers, the electromagnetic signal can be captured by electrical sensors such as capacitive couplers or ultra-high frequency couplers. While electrical sensors are commonly used in the field, they are susceptible to electromagnetic interference from high-voltage power stations. Traditional partial discharge detection devices and methods suffer from low precision and accuracy in partial discharge measurement.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a partial discharge detection device 100 based on a cantilever structure is provided. Figure 1 The device includes a laser 110, an optical circulator 120, a Fabry-Perot sensor 130, a photodetector 140, a bandpass filter 150, a signal amplifier 160, and an oscilloscope 170. The Fabry-Perot sensor 130 is located directly below the cantilever structure and is also located within the transformer. The laser 110 generates laser light, which is input to the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 through the optical circulator 120. Fabry-Perot interference occurs between the cantilever structure and the optical fiber end face within the Fabry-Perot sensor 130, generating interference light. The interference light then passes through the optical circulator 120 and sequentially enters the photodetector 140, the signal amplifier 160, and the oscilloscope 170. The oscilloscope 170 is used to characterize the partial discharge (PD) condition of the transformer based on the interference light signal.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the laser 110 generally refers to a device capable of emitting laser light. Laser 110 may include solid-state lasers, gas lasers, semiconductor lasers (such as laser diodes), chemical lasers, fiber lasers, and the like. An optical circulator 120 generally refers to a fiber-optic communication component used to control the transmission direction of optical signals within a fiber-optic network. It operates based on the principles of an optical circulator and typically consists of multiple fiber couplers and optical paths, forming a closed circular path. A Fabry-Perot sensor 130 generally refers to a high-precision sensor that utilizes the Fabry-Perot interferometer principle to detect changes in physical quantities. Based on multi-beam interference, the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 can detect physical quantities such as vibration, displacement, acceleration, and temperature sensed by the sensor head by measuring changes in the optical path difference of a Fabry-Perot cavity formed between two parallel reflective surfaces. A photodetector 140 generally refers to a sensor that converts optical signals into electrical signals. Photodetectors 140 may include photovoltaic detectors (such as silicon photocells), photoconductive detectors (such as photodiodes and phototransistors), photomultiplier tubes, and the like. Bandpass filter 150 generally refers to a device that allows waves within a specific frequency band to pass while blocking other frequencies. Signal amplifier 160 generally refers to an electronic device that receives an electrical signal and converts it into a larger current or voltage signal. Oscilloscope 170 generally refers to an electronic test instrument used to observe and measure voltage signal waveforms. Oscilloscope 170 converts electrical signals into a graphical display, allowing the user to observe the signal's amplitude, frequency, phase, and other characteristics.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cantilever structure may include a cantilever beam, a cantilever plate, or other cantilever support structures. Figure 2The cantilever structure can be connected to a fixed support. The cantilever structure can be suspended directly above the optical fiber within the Fabry-Perot sensor 130. In some examples, when light transmitted from the other end of the optical fiber is partially reflected upon reaching the end of the fiber, the remaining portion passes through the end of the fiber, illuminating the cantilever structure. For example, if the cantilever structure is a cantilever beam, light is reflected from the cantilever beam and coupled back into the optical fiber, where it interferes with the reflected light at the end of the fiber. Fabry-Perot (FP) interference occurs between the cantilever beam and the fiber end face. The returned interference light passes through an optical circulator 120 and enters a photodetector 140, where it is converted into a first electrical signal. This first electrical signal is filtered by a bandpass filter 150 and amplified by a signal amplifier 160 to generate a second electrical signal that is stored in an oscilloscope 170. The sensing principle of the cantilever structure depends on the deflection of the free end of the cantilever structure. Compared to the closed diaphragm-based Fabry-Perot sensor 130, the optical fiber cantilever beam sensor exhibits greater deformation under the same conditions, resulting in higher sensitivity and a wider dynamic response range. When the cantilever beam deflects due to external physical, chemical, or biological factors, the FP cavity length changes. When external partial discharge generates an ultrasonic signal, it will cause the cantilever structure to vibrate and deflect, changing the optical path between the light end face and the reflecting surface. By demodulating the interference light, the change in the Fabry-Perot cavity length can be obtained, and the ultrasonic signal information can be obtained, thereby realizing partial discharge detection of the transformer.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, interference light can be obtained by generating Fabry-Perot interference between the cantilever structure and the optical fiber end face in the Fabry-Perot sensor 130. By demodulating the interference light, the change in the Fabry-Perot cavity length can be obtained, and ultrasonic signal information can be obtained, thereby realizing partial discharge detection of the transformer. Since the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 based on the cantilever structure has a larger deformation under the same conditions, it has higher sensitivity and a larger dynamic response range. Therefore, when the external partial discharge generates an ultrasonic signal, the vibration deflection sensitivity of the cantilever structure caused by the ultrasonic signal is also higher, and the obtained ultrasonic signal information is more accurate and has a larger dynamic response range, thereby realizing more accurate detection of partial discharge of the transformer.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the line width of the laser 110 is 1 kHz, and the central wavelength of the laser 110 is 1550 nm.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the laser 110 may comprise a narrow-linewidth laser. A narrow-linewidth laser generally refers to a device that produces laser light with a very narrow spectral linewidth. The frequency of a narrow-linewidth laser is very pure and single. Narrow-linewidth lasers are particularly important in applications requiring high-precision and high-stability frequencies. The linewidth of a narrow-linewidth laser, also known as the spectral linewidth or frequency linewidth, refers to the frequency distribution range of the laser light output by the laser 110. Linewidth is an important parameter for measuring the monochromaticity of the laser 110, defining the uncertainty or distribution width of the laser frequency. A narrower linewidth indicates a more single frequency and better coherence. The center wavelength of a narrow-linewidth laser refers to the specific wavelength of the laser light output by the laser 110. This wavelength is typically very precise and stable. The exact value of the center wavelength may vary in different applications to meet specific requirements. Configuring the laser 110 with parameters such as a linewidth of 1 kHz and a center wavelength of 1550 nm ensures high-precision and high-stability laser frequency generation, thereby improving the precision and accuracy of transformer partial discharge detection.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the optical fiber length of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 is 2 m, and the Fabry-Perot cavity length of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 is 166 µm.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the optical fiber length of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 is a key parameter that directly affects the performance of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130. Changes in the optical fiber length will cause changes in the optical path difference, which in turn affects the interference pattern. By detecting these changes, the measured physical quantity information can be obtained. For example, in the study of distributed intrinsic Fabry-Perot sensors, by analyzing and simulating the light field distribution of the graded-index multimode optical fiber in the sensor, the optimal design of the sensor cavity length was achieved, which greatly reduced the insertion loss and enhanced the multiplexing capability of the sensor. By setting the optical fiber length of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 to 2m and the Fabry-Perot cavity length of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 to 166µm, the sensitivity and measurement range requirements for transformer partial discharge can be met, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of transformer partial discharge scenarios.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 includes an optical fiber end face and a sensitivity-enhancing membrane based on a cantilever structure.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sensitivity enhancement membrane of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 typically serves as a reflective surface for Fabry-Perot interferometry. In some examples, the optical fiber end face of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 is typically parallel to the cantilever-based sensitivity enhancement membrane. The optical fiber end face serves as one reflective surface, and the cantilever-based sensitivity enhancement membrane serves as the other reflective surface. The Fabry-Perot cavity length of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 refers to the distance between the two reflective surfaces. Using the cantilever-based sensitivity enhancement membrane as one reflective surface can improve the sensitivity and measurement range of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 due to the high sensitivity and larger dynamic response range of the cantilever structure.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reflectivity of the cantilever-based sensitization membrane is 99%.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a cantilever-based diaphragm serves as one of the reflective surfaces. Its reflectivity determines the degree of variation in reflected light intensity, which in turn affects the sensor's ability to detect changes in physical quantities. By setting the reflectivity of the cantilever-based diaphragm to 99%, the measurement accuracy and sensitivity of the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 can be guaranteed, thereby improving the accuracy of transformer partial discharge measurements.

[0065] Some partial discharge detection schemes based on cantilever structures provided in the present disclosure can obtain interference light by generating Fabry-Perot interference between the cantilever structure and the optical fiber end face in the Fabry-Perot sensor 130. By demodulating the interference light, the change in the Fabry-Perot cavity length can be obtained, and ultrasonic signal information can be obtained, thereby realizing partial discharge detection of the transformer. Since the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 based on the cantilever structure has a larger deformation under the same conditions, it has higher sensitivity and a larger dynamic response range. Therefore, when the external partial discharge generates an ultrasonic signal, the vibration deflection sensitivity of the cantilever structure is also higher, and the obtained ultrasonic signal information is also more accurate and has a larger dynamic response range, thereby realizing more accurate detection of partial discharge of the transformer.

[0066] In some embodiments provided herein, the execution of the cantilever-based partial discharge detection method can be controlled by a unified controller or by multiple controllers. These controllers can include a local terminal controller or a remote server controller. In some embodiments, the local terminal controller and the server controller can jointly assist in completing the cantilever-based partial discharge detection method. The local terminal described herein can include, but is not limited to, various robotic devices, vehicle-mounted devices, personal computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, medical devices, VR (virtual reality) devices, and the like. The server can also be a server, server cluster, distributed subsystem, cloud processing platform, server containing blockchain nodes, or any combination thereof. The controller described in the present disclosure may include various control units capable of implementing logic processing functions, including but not limited to CPU (Central Processing Unit), PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), ECU (Electronic Control Unit), MCU (Microcontroller Unit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device), as well as a controller composed of one or more logic function units, chips, etc.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a partial discharge detection method based on a cantilever structure is provided, referring to Figure 3 , methods include:

[0068] S20, generating laser light by the laser 110;

[0069] S22, inputting the laser light into the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 through the optical circulator 120, generating Fabry-Perot interference between the cantilever structure and the end face of the optical fiber in the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 to obtain interference light;

[0070] S24, the interference light is sequentially directed to the photodetector 140, the signal amplifier 160 and the oscilloscope 170 through the optical circulator 120;

[0071] S26 , displaying the partial discharge condition of the transformer according to the interference light signal using the oscilloscope 170 .

[0072] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, when light transmitted from the other end of an optical fiber is partially reflected upon reaching the fiber's end, the remaining portion passes through the fiber's end and illuminates the cantilever structure. For example, if the cantilever structure is a cantilever beam, light is reflected from the cantilever beam and coupled back into the optical fiber, where it interferes with the reflected light at the fiber's end. Fabry-Perot (FP) interference occurs between the cantilever beam and the fiber's end face. The returned interference light passes through an optical circulator 120 and enters a photodetector 140, where it is converted into a first electrical signal. This first electrical signal is filtered by a bandpass filter 150 and amplified by a signal amplifier 160 to generate a second electrical signal that is stored in an oscilloscope 170. The sensing principle of the cantilever structure depends on the deflection of the free end of the cantilever structure. Compared to the closed diaphragm-based FP sensor 130, the fiber optic cantilever beam sensor exhibits greater deformation under the same conditions, resulting in higher sensitivity and a wider dynamic response range. When the cantilever beam deflects due to external physical, chemical, or biological factors, the FP cavity length changes. When external partial discharge generates an ultrasonic signal, it will cause the cantilever structure to vibrate and deflect, changing the optical path between the light end face and the reflecting surface. By demodulating the interference light, the change in the Fabry-Perot cavity length can be obtained, and the ultrasonic signal information can be obtained, thereby realizing partial discharge detection of the transformer.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, interference light can be obtained by generating Fabry-Perot interference between the cantilever structure and the optical fiber end face in the Fabry-Perot sensor 130. By demodulating the interference light, the change in the Fabry-Perot cavity length can be obtained, and ultrasonic signal information can be obtained, thereby realizing partial discharge detection of the transformer. Since the Fabry-Perot sensor 130 based on the cantilever structure has a larger deformation under the same conditions, it has higher sensitivity and a larger dynamic response range. Therefore, when the external partial discharge generates an ultrasonic signal, the vibration deflection sensitivity of the cantilever structure caused by the ultrasonic signal is also higher, and the obtained ultrasonic signal information is more accurate and has a larger dynamic response range, thereby realizing more accurate detection of partial discharge of the transformer.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further comprises:

[0075] In the event of partial discharge of the transformer, corresponding ultrasonic signal information is obtained by demodulating the interference light;

[0076] The partial discharge of the transformer is detected by using the ultrasonic signal information.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, when external physical, chemical, or biological factors cause the cantilever structure to deflect (e.g., due to partial discharge in a transformer), the Fabry-Perot cavity length changes. The optical path difference between two adjacent beams returning to the optical fiber can be derived, and partial discharge detection in transformers can be achieved by demodulating the intensity of the interfering light:

[0078]

[0079] In formula (1), I R is the intensity of the interference light, I0 is the input light intensity, R1 and R2 are the effective reflectivities of the optical fiber end face and the inner surface of the cantilever-based sensitive diaphragm, respectively. Represents the surface stress difference of the cantilever structure.

[0080] The deflection of the cantilever structure is proportional to the surface stress of the cantilever structure. The surface stress of the cantilever structure can be obtained by demodulating the deflection of the cantilever structure according to the following formula (2):

[0081]

[0082] In formula (2), z is the deflection of the cantilever structure, which represents the deflection displacement of the cantilever structure, L is the length of the rectangular cantilever structure, μ and E represent the Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus of the cantilever structure, respectively, and t represents the thickness of the cantilever structure.

[0083] In some embodiments, laser light from laser 110 is coupled to the cantilever structure via a circulator, generating Fabry-Perot interference. The interference light signal can be measured by photodetector 140 and then converted into a digital signal via a data acquisition card. Finally, a computer program demodulates the signal to detect the corresponding ultrasonic signal.

[0084] Among them, the reflected light intensity I can be expressed as:

[0085]

[0086] In formula (3), I0 is the input light intensity, is the constant phase shift, λ is the wavelength of the laser 110, V represents the fringe visibility, n is the refractive index, and d represents the distance between the fiber end face and the cantilever structure.

[0087] For a cantilever structure simply supported along the edge, the continuous frequency determined by the vibration mode can be expressed as:

[0088]

[0089] In formula (4), r0 is the side length of the cantilever structure thin plate, h is the thickness of the cantilever structure thin plate, ρ is the density of the cantilever structure thin plate, and D is the bending stiffness of the cantilever structure thin plate. D can be determined by the following formula (5):

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] In equations (5) and (6), E, ​​μ, and h are the Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and thickness of the cantilever beam plate, respectively; a is the effective vibration radius of the sensitive diaphragm based on the cantilever structure.

[0093] The Fabry-Perot sensor measures external acoustic signals by demodulating the interference intensity within the optical fiber. Different external ultrasonic signals cause the Fabry-Perot sensor's cantilever-based diaphragm to vibrate to varying degrees (both in amplitude and frequency). When an incident beam I0 is introduced through a single-mode optical fiber, the first refraction and reflection occurs at the fiber's end face. This means that some of the light is reflected back into the fiber, while another portion is refracted at the end face and enters the FP cavity. This refraction and reflection then occur multiple times between the two parallel end faces. The beams reflected back into the fiber from the FP cavity superimpose with the beams initially reflected back into the fiber, forming a multi-beam interference phenomenon. The optical path difference between two adjacent beams returning to the fiber can be deduced, enabling detection of partial discharge in transformers using ultrasonic signal information. The impact on detection accuracy can also be determined based on parameters such as the sensitivity of the Fabry-Perot sensor diaphragm.

[0094] It is understood that the various embodiments of the above method in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same / similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in detail. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For related parts, please refer to the description of other method embodiments.

[0095] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts involved in the drawings are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed sequentially in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the drawings may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The order of execution of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in rotation or alternation with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages of other steps.

[0096] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, wherein the internal structure of the computer device can be as follows: Figure 4As shown. The computer device includes a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen and input device connected via a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner. The wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, mobile cellular network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a partial discharge detection method based on a cantilever structure is implemented. Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 4 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0097] According to the description of the aforementioned related method and device embodiments, the present disclosure also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the partial discharge detection method based on the cantilever structure described in any embodiment of the present specification is implemented.

[0098] According to the description of the aforementioned related method and device embodiments, the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by the processor of a computer device, the computer device is enabled to implement the partial discharge detection method based on a cantilever structure as described in any embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0099] According to the description of the aforementioned related method and device embodiments, the present disclosure further provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the partial discharge detection method based on a cantilever structure described in any embodiment of this specification.

[0100] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in conjunction with each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, the hardware + program embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, refer to the description of the method embodiments.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments. In particular, any reference to memory, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, distributed databases based on blockchains. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), data processing logic devices based on quantum computing, and the like.

[0102] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow from the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

[0103] It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact construction that has been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.

Claims

1. A partial discharge detection device based on a cantilever structure, characterized in that: The device comprises: Lasers, optical circulators, Fabry-Perot sensors, photodetectors, bandpass filters, signal amplifiers, and oscilloscopes; The Fabry-Perot sensor is arranged directly below the cantilever structure, and the Fabry-Perot sensor is also arranged inside the transformer; The laser is used to generate laser light, which is input into the Fabry-Perot sensor through the optical circulator, generating Fabry-Perot interference between the cantilever structure and the optical fiber end face in the Fabry-Perot sensor to obtain interference light, and the interference light passes through the optical circulator and sequentially enters the photodetector, the signal amplifier, and the oscilloscope; The oscilloscope is used to characterize the partial discharge condition of the transformer according to the signal of the interference light.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The line width of the laser is 1 kHz, and the central wavelength of the laser is 1550 nm.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical fiber length of the Fabry-Perot sensor is 2 m, and the Fabry-Perot cavity length of the Fabry-Perot sensor is 166 μm.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The Fabry-Perot sensor comprises an optical fiber end face and a sensitivity-enhancing membrane based on a cantilever structure.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The reflectivity of the cantilever-structured sensitization film is 99%.

6. A partial discharge detection method based on a cantilever structure, characterized in that: Using the partial discharge detection device based on a cantilever structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprises: Generating laser light by means of a laser; The laser is input into the Fabry-Perot sensor through an optical circulator, and Fabry-Perot interference is generated between the cantilever structure and the end face of the optical fiber in the Fabry-Perot sensor to obtain interference light; The interference light is sequentially input into the photodetector, the signal amplifier and the oscilloscope through the optical circulator; The partial discharge condition of the transformer is displayed by the oscilloscope according to the signal of the interference light.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method further comprises: In the event of partial discharge of the transformer, corresponding ultrasonic signal information is obtained by demodulating the interference light; The partial discharge of the transformer is detected by using the ultrasonic signal information.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 6 to 7 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 6 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 6 to 7 are implemented.

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