Exploration area prediction method and device based on multistage sublithofacies paleogeography

Abstract

The invention provides an exploration area prediction method and device based on multistage sublithofacies paleogeography, and the corresponding method comprises the steps: constructing a lithofacies paleogeography evolution process in space according to the construction activity property of a same-sedimentary-period area; wherein the space level comprises regional multi-plate blocks, basins in the plates and structure-lithofacies zones in the basins; in time, the lithofacies paleogeography evolution process is restrained according to global sea level change, tectonic settlement, material source supply and climate change; wherein the time level comprises a second-level sequence, a third-level sequence and a fourth-level sequence; and generating a lithofacies paleogeographic map according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and predicting a favorable exploration area according to the lithofacies paleogeographic map. According to the method, the development and configuration relation of reservoir forming elements such as hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoir bodies and cap strata in the petroliferous basin is well revealed, so that the oil and gas exploration field and direction are explained, and a basis is provided for optimizing zones and targets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and petroleum geology research, and specifically relates to a method and device for predicting exploration areas based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography. Background Art

[0002] In the existing technology, lithofacies paleogeography maps are generally used as the form of expression of paleogeographic restoration results of geological history periods. Specifically, lithofacies paleogeography maps can be divided into general sedimentary paleogeography maps, small-scale lithofacies paleogeography maps, medium-scale lithofacies paleogeography maps, large-scale lithofacies paleogeography maps and fine lithofacies paleogeography maps.

[0003] The mapping units of general lithofacies paleogeography maps are usually compiled according to "systems", which roughly illustrate the distribution of land and sea and their evolutionary history, and understand the regional change trend and distribution of lithofacies; small-scale lithofacies paleogeography maps are compiled according to the stratigraphic units of "systems" or "groups", dividing the distribution of land and sea and the spatial distribution of sedimentary facies belts; the mapping units of medium-scale lithofacies paleogeography maps are "groups and sections", and the "subfacies" sedimentary areas are required to be divided on the map; the mapping units of large-scale lithofacies paleogeography maps should be ore-bearing layers or ore-bearing sections, source rocks and reservoir layers, and the "subfacies level" or "subfacies level" sedimentary areas should be circled on the map. The lithofacies mainly represent the microfacies and their combinations related to minerals, source rocks and reservoirs; the scale of fine lithofacies paleogeography maps is greater than 1:50,000.

[0004] Understandably, mapping units are ore-bearing intervals, sedimentary systems tracts, source rocks, and reservoir intervals. These series of maps generally possess the characteristics of macroscopic control over specific details and a detailed display of details. However, mapping at different scales is relatively isolated, with poor spatial genetic connections and temporal hierarchical order, and thus cannot accurately depict the dynamic evolution of sedimentary basins and the distribution of materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One purpose of the present invention is to provide an exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, which is used to reveal the development and configuration relationship of hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoir bodies and cap rocks in oil and gas basins, so as to clarify the oil and gas exploration areas and directions, and provide a technical basis for the optimization of zones and targets.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for predicting exploration areas based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the aforementioned method for predicting exploration areas based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography are implemented. Another object of the present invention is to provide a readable medium storing the computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the aforementioned method for predicting exploration areas based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography are implemented.

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology of this application, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, comprising:

[0009] Spatially, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constructed based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period; the spatial levels include: regional multi-plate, intraplate basin, and intra-basin tectonic-lithofacies zones;

[0010] In terms of time, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constrained by global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change; the temporal levels include: secondary sequence, tertiary sequence, and quaternary sequence;

[0011] A lithofacies paleogeographic map is generated according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and favorable exploration areas are predicted based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, constructing the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on the properties of regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period includes:

[0013] Determine the basin type and lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period;

[0014] The lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constructed based on the basin type and the lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the basin type according to the nature of the syn-sedimentary tectonic activity includes:

[0016] Reconstruct the nature of tectonic activity in different suture zones and different sections of the same suture zone at different sedimentary periods at a multi-plate scale;

[0017] The basin type is determined according to the nature of the tectonic activity.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes includes:

[0019] A relative sea-level rise and fall cycle is divided into lowstand system tracts, transgressive system tracts, and highstand system tracts.

[0020] generating a time unit of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the lowstand system tract, the transgressive system tract, and the highstand system tract;

[0021] The lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constrained according to the time unit.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the secondary sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level change, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0023] Based on the global sea level changes, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the cross-plate tectonic evolution over a large time span, the basin prototype, the macro-sedimentary filling characteristics, the tectonic evolution relationship between plates, the overall basin formation of each plate and the sedimentary filling characteristics of each plate.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the third-order sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0025] Based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the structural-basin-forming and sedimentary phase distribution characteristics of the basin and its periphery over a medium time span, the structural-sedimentary genetic connection of the basin periphery, the sedimentary phase characteristics within the basin and the distribution characteristics within the basin.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the fourth-order sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level change, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0027] Based on the global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply and climate change constraints, the sedimentary facies / subfacies, lithofacies distribution characteristics, source rocks, reservoirs, cap rock distribution and combination relationships within the basin internal zone within a small time span are analyzed.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, the device comprising:

[0029] The evolutionary process construction module is used to spatially construct the lithofacies paleogeographic evolutionary process based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period. The spatial levels include: regional multi-plate, intraplate basin, and intra-basin tectonic-lithofacies zones.

[0030] An evolutionary process constraint module is used to constrain the lithofacies paleogeographic evolutionary process in time based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change; wherein the temporal levels include: secondary sequence, tertiary sequence, and quaternary sequence;

[0031] The exploration area prediction module is used to generate a lithofacies paleogeographic map according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and predict favorable exploration areas based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the evolution process building module includes:

[0033] A basin type determination unit, configured to determine the basin type and lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics according to the nature of the regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period;

[0034] An evolution process construction unit is used to construct the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the basin type and the lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the basin type determination unit includes:

[0036] Tectonic activity reconstruction unit, used to reconstruct the tectonic activity of different suture zones and different sections of the same suture zone at different sedimentary periods on a multi-plate scale;

[0037] The basin type determination subunit is used to determine the basin type according to the nature of the tectonic activity.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the evolution process constraint module includes:

[0039] The rising and falling cycle division unit is used to divide a relative sea level rising and falling cycle into lowstand system tracts, transgressive system tracts, and highstand system tracts;

[0040] a time unit generating unit, configured to generate a time unit of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the lowstand system tract, the transgressive system tract, and the highstand system tract;

[0041] An evolution process constraint unit is used to constrain the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the time unit.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the secondary sequence, the evolution process constraint module includes:

[0043] The first evolution process constraint unit is used to constrain the cross-plate tectonic evolution, basin prototype, macro-sedimentary filling characteristics, tectonic evolution relationship between plates, overall basin formation of each plate and sedimentary filling characteristics of each plate over a large time span based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the third-level sequence, the evolution process constraint module further includes:

[0045] The second evolution process constraint unit is used to constrain the structural-basin-forming and sedimentary phase distribution characteristics of the basin and its periphery over a medium time span based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change, the structural-sedimentary genetic relationship of the basin periphery, the sedimentary phase characteristics within the basin and the distribution characteristics within the basin.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the fourth-level sequence, the evolution process constraint module further includes:

[0047] The third evolutionary process constraint unit is used to constrain the sedimentary facies / subfacies, lithofacies distribution characteristics, source rock, reservoir, cap rock distribution and combination relationships within the basin internal zone within a small time span based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, material supply and climate change.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer program / instruction which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level sub-lithofacies paleogeography.

[0049] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the processor implements the steps of a method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level sub-lithofacies paleogeography.

[0050] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of an exploration area prediction method based on multi-level sub-lithofacies paleogeography.

[0051] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides an exploration area prediction method and device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography. The corresponding exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography includes: first, in space, the lithofacies paleogeography evolution process is constructed according to the nature of regional tectonic activity in the same sedimentary period; wherein, the spatial levels include: regional multi-plates, intraplate basins and intra-basin structural-lithofacies zones; in time, the lithofacies paleogeography evolution process is constrained according to global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, material supply and climate change; wherein, the temporal levels include: secondary sequences, tertiary sequences and quaternary sequences; a lithofacies paleogeography map is generated according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeography evolution process, and favorable exploration areas are predicted based on the lithofacies paleogeography map.

[0052] The corresponding exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography includes: an evolution process construction module, which is used to spatially construct the lithofacies paleogeography evolution process according to the nature of regional tectonic activity in the same sedimentary period; wherein the spatial levels include: regional multi-plates, intraplate basins and intra-basin structural-lithofacies zones; an evolution process constraint module, which is used to temporally constrain the lithofacies paleogeography evolution process according to global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, material supply and climate change; wherein the temporal levels include: secondary sequences, tertiary sequences and quaternary sequences; an exploration area prediction module, which is used to generate a lithofacies paleogeography map according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeography evolution process, and predict favorable exploration areas based on the lithofacies paleogeography map.

[0053] First, the exploration area prediction method and device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography provided by the present invention can better reveal the development and configuration relationship of hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoir bodies and cap rocks in oil and gas basins, thereby clarifying the oil and gas exploration areas and directions, and providing a basis for the selection of zones and targets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a flow chart of an exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of step 100 of a method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 1 is a flow chart of step 101 of a method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of step 200 of a method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6The Permian ocean-continental tectonic relationship of the three continental blocks of China (a) and the tectonic lithofacies paleogeographic map (b) in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 The structural-sequence lithofacies paleogeographic research and mapping process in the specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 is a block diagram of an exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0066] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The embodiments in this application and the features described in the embodiments may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0067] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application comply with relevant laws and regulations.

[0068] Example 1:

[0069] Based on the above reasons, the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of the exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, see Figure 1 , specifically including the following contents:

[0070] Step 100: Spatially, construct the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period; wherein the spatial levels include: regional multi-plate, intraplate basin, and intra-basin tectonic-lithofacies zones;

[0071] Step 200: Constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process in terms of time based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change; wherein the temporal levels include: secondary sequence, tertiary sequence, and quaternary sequence;

[0072] Step 300: Generate a lithofacies paleogeographic map according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and predict favorable exploration areas based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

[0073] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides an exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, including: first, in space, constructing the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the nature of regional tectonic activity in the same sedimentary period; wherein, the spatial levels include: regional multi-plates, intraplate basins and intra-basin structural-lithofacies zones; in time, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, material supply and climate change; wherein, the temporal levels include: secondary sequences, tertiary sequences and quaternary sequences; generating a lithofacies paleogeographic map based on the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and predicting favorable exploration areas based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

[0074] The present invention provides a method for multi-level lithofacies paleogeographic reconstruction, which spatially reflects the structural-sedimentary genetic connection, temporally reflects the sedimentary filling process in the relative sea level change, and the lithofacies paleogeographic reconstruction with orderly connections between the structural spatial level and the stratigraphic time level, so as to achieve the overall constraint of the local in space and the step-by-step refinement in time to find the distribution area of ​​favorable source-reservoir-caprock elements and predict favorable exploration areas.

[0075] Example 2:

[0076] Regarding step 100, it is understood that the Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large and many small plates. The boundaries of regional multi-plate regions are typically areas of frequent earthquake and volcanic activity. Regional multi-plate regions may refer to the presence of multiple interacting plates within a larger region. These interactions may include plate collision, subduction, extension, and strike-slip.

[0077] Intraplate basins are tectonic basins that occur within large plates. These basins are distinct from basins in subduction zones or orogenic belts at plate margins. Intraplate basins are typically formed in response to regional extension, fault subsidence, or hotspot activity. They are often sediment-rich areas that may contain resources such as oil and natural gas.

[0078] Intrabasin structures: refers to the geological structures within the basin, such as faults and folds. These structures reflect the stress state and deformation history within the basin and may affect the distribution of sediments and the occurrence of mineral resources.

[0079] Lithofacies zones: Lithofacies refers to rock combinations characterized by specific sedimentary environments. Lithofacies zones allow the rocks within a basin to be divided into distinct zones based on their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Different lithofacies zones reflect sedimentary conditions at different times or under different environments, and are of great significance to oil and gas exploration.

[0080] In addition, it is understandable that before step 100, it is also necessary to determine the basin type based on the characteristics of regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period, and then construct the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on the characteristics of regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period.

[0081] Regarding step 200, lithofacies paleogeographic evolution is a complex geological process, which is affected by many factors, including global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change. Specifically:

[0082] Global sea level fluctuations can significantly affect sedimentary environments. For example, during periods of sea level rise, seawater can flood land, causing the sedimentary environment of shelf and coastal areas to shift landward—a phenomenon known as transgression. Conversely, when sea level falls, the sedimentary environment shifts seaward—a phenomenon known as regression. Sea level changes alter the distribution of sediments and the depositional environment, which in turn affects the distribution of lithofacies.

[0083] Tectonic activity is the primary driving force behind basin formation and a key factor influencing the sedimentation process in basins. During tectonic subsidence, the sinking of basins creates space for sediment accumulation. Different rates and patterns of subsidence lead to the development of different sedimentary environments and lithofacies. For example, rapid tectonic subsidence often produces deepwater lithofacies, while slower subsidence may result in shallowwater to continental lithofacies.

[0084] The nature, scale, and rate of provenance supply have a direct impact on the distribution of lithofacies. Adequate provenance can support the development of large-scale deltas or fan-shaped bodies, while a decrease in provenance can lead to the degradation of these sedimentary systems. Changes in provenance supply can alter the type and rate of sedimentation, thereby affecting the characteristics and distribution of lithofacies.

[0085] Climate has a significant impact on the erosion, transport, and deposition of sediments. Climate change, such as rising or falling temperatures and wetter or drier conditions, can alter the intensity and nature of erosion and deposition. Arid climates can lead to the formation of aeolian sediments, while wetter climates favor the accumulation of river and lake sediments. Furthermore, climate change can affect the type and availability of sediment sources by altering vegetation cover and soil development.

[0086] Analyzing lithofacies and paleogeographic evolution requires combining diverse data sets, including core data, well logging data, seismic data, and field geological surveys, to reconstruct sedimentary environments and lithofacies distributions across different geological periods. These data can help us understand the morphology and sedimentation changes of sedimentary basins over time, as well as the factors controlling these changes. These analyses can help us better understand the history of sediment accumulation, predict the distribution of resources such as oil and natural gas, and reconstruct paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental changes.

[0087] It is understood that the lithofacies paleogeographic map in step 300 is a map that displays the lithofacies distribution and sedimentary environment of a specific region during an ancient geological period. It can reflect the combined influence of various factors, including ancient geography, climate, sea level changes, sedimentation, and tectonic activity. Furthermore, the lithofacies paleogeographic map in step 300 is a collection of multiple lithofacies paleogeographic maps of different levels.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 , step 100 includes:

[0089] Step 101: Determine the basin type and lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics based on the nature of the regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period;

[0090] Step 102: Construct the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the basin type and the lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics.

[0091] In steps 101 and 102, there is a spatial genetic relationship between structure and sedimentation. The nature of tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period controls the basin type and lithofacies paleogeographic pattern. At the multi-plate (land block) scale, the nature of tectonic activity in different suture zones and different sections of the same suture zone during different sedimentary periods is reconstructed, such as ocean basin expansion, ocean basin subduction, collisional orogeny, etc. Based on this, the types of sedimentary basins on both sides are identified, such as passive continental margin, active continental margin, foreland, rift valley and intracratonic depression and sedimentary filling characteristics, and then the dynamic evolution process of structure and lithofacies paleogeography during multiple sedimentary periods is reconstructed.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 3 The step 101 of determining the basin type according to the nature of the syn-sedimentary tectonic activity includes:

[0093] Step 1011: reconstructing the tectonic activity properties of different suture zones and different sections of the same suture zone at different sedimentary periods at a multi-plate scale;

[0094] Preferably, the nature of the tectonic activity in step 1011 includes ocean basin expansion, ocean basin subduction, and collisional orogeny.

[0095] Step 1012: Determine the basin type according to the nature of the tectonic activity.

[0096] Preferably, the basin types in step 1012 include: passive continental margin, active continental margin, foreland, rift valley and intracratonic depression.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 4 The step 200 of constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to global sea level changes includes:

[0098] Step 201: Divide a relative sea level rise and fall cycle into a lowstand system tract, a transgressive system tract, and a highstand system tract;

[0099] Step 202: generating a time unit of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the lowstand system tract, the transgressive system tract, and the highstand system tract;

[0100] In steps 201 and 202, relative sea level fluctuation parameters, which are controlled by global sea level change, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change, are specifically incorporated into the study of lithofacies paleogeographic evolution. A relative sea level cycle is divided into three systems tracts: lowstand, transgression, and highstand, serving as temporal units for paleogeographic research and reconstruction, further revealing the evolutionary continuity of paleogeographic change.

[0101] Step 203: Constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the time unit.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the secondary sequence, step 200 includes:

[0103] Based on the global sea level changes, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the cross-plate tectonic evolution over a large time span, the basin prototype, the macro-sedimentary filling characteristics, the tectonic evolution relationship between plates, the overall basin formation of each plate and the sedimentary filling characteristics of each plate.

[0104] In terms of time, the first level is based on the secondary sequence as the unit. In the first level, regional tectonic-sequence lithofacies paleogeographic research across plates (continental blocks) is carried out, focusing on solving the tectonic evolution, basin prototypes and macro-sedimentary filling characteristics of large time spans (periods) and across plates, focusing on the tectonic evolution relationship between plates, the overall basin formation and sedimentary filling characteristics of each plate, and clarifying the oil and gas exploration potential, fields and directions.

[0105] The first-level mapping effort considers factors related to tectonic reconstruction of basin margins, breaking the constraints of lithofacies and paleogeographic mapping that are limited to present-day basin boundaries, and revealing the geological characteristics and paleogeographic evolution of basin margins. First, key periods are identified. For example, within the Chinese marine carbonate series, key periods of source rock development and tectonic differentiation within the three major blocks are highlighted, including the Sinian-Early Cambrian ocean basin expansion, the Middle Ordovician transition from ocean basin expansion to subduction, and the Permian differential convergence. Next, the paleogeographic positions of the three major blocks during these key periods are reconstructed, along with the geometry and position of the present-day basin boundaries within the paleocontinent. Furthermore, the relationships between ocean basins during expansion and surrounding basins, the transition from expansion to convergence and peripheral ocean basins, and the relationship between peripheral ocean basins and orogenic belts during the subduction and subduction phases are reconstructed. Third, the archetypal nature of the residual sedimentary entities is determined, clarifying the types of plate margin basins (passive, active, rifted) and intraplate basins (depression, rifting).

[0106] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the third-level sequence, step 200 includes:

[0107] Based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the structural-basin-forming and sedimentary phase distribution characteristics of the basin and its periphery over a medium time span, the structural-sedimentary genetic connection of the basin periphery, the sedimentary phase characteristics within the basin and the distribution characteristics within the basin.

[0108] The second level uses the third-order sequence as a unit to carry out structural-sequence lithofacies paleogeographic research on oil and gas basins, focusing on solving the structural-basin-forming and sedimentary facies distribution characteristics of the basin and its periphery over a medium time span (system, stage), focusing on the structural-sedimentary genetic relationship of the basin periphery and margin, and the sedimentary facies characteristics and distribution within the basin, with the application focus on discovering new source rock series, new reservoir types, and new source-reservoir-cap combinations, and indicating favorable exploration areas.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the time level is the fourth-level sequence, step 200 includes:

[0110] Based on the global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply and climate change constraints, the sedimentary facies / subfacies, lithofacies distribution characteristics, source rocks, reservoirs, cap rock distribution and combination relationships within the basin internal zone within a small time span are analyzed.

[0111] The third level uses the fourth-order sequence system domain as a unit to carry out sedimentary facies research at the zone level within the basin, focusing on solving the sedimentary facies / subfacies and lithofacies distribution characteristics within a small time span (group, section / subsection) and the basin's internal zones, focusing on the distribution and combination relationship of source rocks, reservoirs, and cap rocks, to provide support for the selection of favorable exploration areas.

[0112] It should be noted that when the time level is the third-order sequence and the fourth-order sequence, that is, the second- and third-order basin and zone tectonic-sequence lithofacies paleogeographic research and mapping, the following steps are included:

[0113] First, the outcrop, borehole, earthquake, oil and gas data formed in different periods should be comprehensively and systematically sorted out and comprehensively analyzed, and data cards and data point distribution maps should be compiled, and layered management should be adopted using a software platform.

[0114] Second, basic data analysis and the compilation of "point-line-surface" basic maps mainly include comprehensive stratigraphic columnar diagrams, backbone profiles of different structural-stratigraphic divisions, single-factor plane maps and other basic maps. Special emphasis is placed on the comprehensive geological-geochemical-paleontological comparison of outcrop, drilling and seismic data to determine the isochronous stratigraphic framework, which is the basis for multi-level mapping unit division.

[0115] Third, comprehensive analysis and digital mapping: on the basis of basic analysis maps, prototype basin sedimentary units and lithofacies paleogeographic units are divided, sedimentary filling patterns are studied, and multiple factors such as paleostructure, paleoenvironment and paleogeography, lithofacies distribution, etc. are coupled and digitally compiled into maps.

[0116] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides an exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, including: first, in space, constructing the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the nature of regional tectonic activity in the same sedimentary period; wherein, the spatial levels include: regional multi-plates, intraplate basins and intra-basin structural-lithofacies zones; in time, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, material supply and climate change; wherein, the temporal levels include: secondary sequences, tertiary sequences and quaternary sequences; generating a lithofacies paleogeographic map based on the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and predicting favorable exploration areas based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

[0117] This paper reconstructs lithofacies paleogeography at three levels: the regional, petroliferous basin, and belt level, revealing the prototype and superimposed evolution of sedimentary basins at a regional scale. This systematically characterizes the structural-sedimentary response within basins under the constraints of different tectonic properties and tectonic transition settings at both the basin and belt scales. Furthermore, these three levels of structural-lithofacies paleogeographic maps enable global spatial constraints on local areas and progressively refined temporal sequences, thereby identifying favorable distribution areas for source-reservoir-caprock formation and predicting favorable exploration areas.

[0118] Example 3:

[0119] To further illustrate the solution, the present invention also takes the marine carbonate rock series in central and western China as an example to provide a specific implementation method of the exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, see Figure 5 , specifically including the following steps.

[0120] S1: Reconstruction of the first-level subbasin environment.

[0121] By sorting out and screening reliable paleomagnetic data from around the world and supplementing it with the latest drilling paleomagnetic data from the three major craton basins (Tarim, Yangtze, and North China), we reconstructed the paleogeographic locations of the Tarim, Yangtze, and North China continental basins, further restoring the basin-forming environment of the three major cratons. During the Late Sinian-Early Cambrian (Z2-∈1) period, with the thermal subsidence following the breakup of the Neoproterozoic Rodinia supercontinent and the convergence of the Gondwana continent, the global plate tectonic environment underwent new changes. The North China, Yangtze, and Tarim cratons, as independent landmasses, were located near the western margin of the Gondwana continent and were located in a "multi-island ocean" pattern surrounded by the expansion of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, the Proto-Tethys Ocean, and the Paleo-Pacific Ocean. Figure 6 ).

[0122] S2: Tectonic-sequence lithofacies paleogeographic reconstruction of the second-order petroliferous basin.

[0123] See also Figure 7 First, we comprehensively collected outcrop, drilling, and seismic data in the study area, evaluated the data quality, and determined the backbone outcrops, drilling, and seismic data. On this basis, we identified and divided sequence interfaces and system tracts. We established a sequence stratigraphic well-connected framework covering the entire area, conducted temporal and spatial comparisons of isochronous geological bodies, identified stratigraphic contact relationships through overlap, erosion, etc., preliminarily determined the stratigraphic filling patterns and sedimentary facies changes, and restored sedimentary paleo-geomorphology. Based on the understanding of the distribution of sedimentary fillings, based on the regional tectonic-paleo-geomorphological pattern, combined with microfacies, secondary facies, and subfacies analysis, we determined the distribution patterns of dominant facies belts and compiled a lithofacies paleogeography map. Based on the understanding of the distribution patterns of sedimentary facies, combined with regional tectonic evolution, we proposed a sedimentary model and compiled a sedimentary model map.

[0124] Based on the above research process, the lithofacies paleogeography of the Mao Member was reconstructed using the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas as an example, using third-order sequences as units. During the deposition of the Mao Member during the Middle Permian, the Sichuan Basin as a whole exhibited a carbonate gentle slope pattern of deposition, with inner gentle slope, middle gentle slope, outer gentle slope, and slope-basin phases arranged in a near north-south distribution. In southwestern Sichuan, inner gentle slope deposition predominated, located between the normal wave base and the mean low tide line, and developed bioturbated layered marl limestones. In southeastern Sichuan, outer gentle slope deposition predominated, located between the storm wave base and the density jump layer. The outer gentle slope phase of the Mao Member, characterized by nodular limestone, primarily developed argillaceous limestone, marl-bearing limestone, and micritic limestone assemblages.

[0125] S3: Sedimentary facies diagram of the inner zone of the third-order sub-basin.

[0126] In this step, the basis for mapping is to have detailed drilling and seismic data, relatively systematic research on core, seismic and logging phases, and diagenesis research to identify and express reservoir-forming elements.

[0127] S4: Predicting favorable exploration areas based on the lithofacies paleogeographic reconstruction map generated in steps S1 to S3.

[0128] The specific embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-level structural-sequence lithofacies paleogeographic reconstruction method, and proposes a structural-sequence lithofacies paleogeographic mapping method at the regional level, oil and gas basin level, and zone level across plates (land blocks) to solve oil and gas exploration application problems at different levels. It is an important means to reveal the formation and distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoirs, caprocks and other reservoir-forming elements, and to expand new areas of marine carbonate rock exploration. Through this method, the paleogeography of marine carbonate rock formations in central and western China was reconstructed, and four structural-sedimentary differentiation models and source-reservoir configuration relationships were proposed for three types of craton rifts, passive continental margins, and intra-platform depressions. It points out various new exploration areas such as craton margin / intra-craton rift hills and beaches, carbonate gentle slope shoals, and intra-platform depression tidal margin beaches in marine carbonate rocks in the Sichuan Basin, Tarim Basin, and Ordos Basin.

[0129] Example 4:

[0130] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide an exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, which can be used to implement the method described in the above embodiments, such as the following embodiments. Since the principle of solving the problem by the exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography is similar to that of the exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, the implementation of the exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography can refer to the implementation of the exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, and the repeated parts will not be repeated. As used below, the term "unit" or "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceived.

[0131] The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of an exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography that can realize an exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, see Figure 8 , an exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, comprising:

[0132] The evolution process construction module 10 is used to construct the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process spatially based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period; wherein the spatial levels include: regional multi-plate, intraplate basin, and intra-basin tectonic-lithofacies zones;

[0133] An evolution process constraint module 20 is used to constrain the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process in time based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change; wherein the time levels include: secondary sequence, tertiary sequence, and quaternary sequence;

[0134] The exploration area prediction module 30 is used to generate a lithofacies paleogeographic map according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and predict favorable exploration areas according to the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

[0135] In one embodiment, the evolution process building module includes:

[0136] A basin type determination unit, configured to determine the basin type and lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics according to the nature of the regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period;

[0137] An evolution process construction unit is used to construct the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the basin type and the lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics.

[0138] In one embodiment, the basin type determination unit includes:

[0139] Tectonic activity reconstruction unit, used to reconstruct the tectonic activity of different suture zones and different sections of the same suture zone at different sedimentary periods on a multi-plate scale;

[0140] The basin type determination subunit is used to determine the basin type according to the nature of the tectonic activity.

[0141] In one embodiment, the evolution process constraint module includes:

[0142] The rising and falling cycle division unit is used to divide a relative sea level rising and falling cycle into lowstand system tracts, transgressive system tracts, and highstand system tracts;

[0143] a time unit generating unit, configured to generate a time unit of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the lowstand system tract, the transgressive system tract, and the highstand system tract;

[0144] An evolution process constraint unit is used to constrain the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the time unit.

[0145] In one embodiment, when the time level is the secondary sequence, the evolution process constraint module includes:

[0146] The first evolution process constraint unit is used to constrain the cross-plate tectonic evolution, basin prototype, macro-sedimentary filling characteristics, tectonic evolution relationship between plates, overall basin formation of each plate and sedimentary filling characteristics of each plate over a large time span based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change.

[0147] In one embodiment, when the time level is the third-level sequence, the evolution process constraint module further includes:

[0148] The second evolution process constraint unit is used to constrain the structural-basin-forming and sedimentary phase distribution characteristics of the basin and its periphery over a medium time span based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change, the structural-sedimentary genetic relationship of the basin periphery, the sedimentary phase characteristics within the basin and the distribution characteristics within the basin.

[0149] In one embodiment, when the time level is the fourth-level sequence, the evolution process constraint module further includes:

[0150] The third evolutionary process constraint unit is used to constrain the sedimentary facies / subfacies, lithofacies distribution characteristics, source rock, reservoir, cap rock distribution and combination relationships within the basin internal zone within a small time span based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, material supply and climate change.

[0151] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides an exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, including: an evolution process construction module, which is used to spatially construct the lithofacies paleogeography evolution process according to the nature of regional tectonic activity in the same sedimentary period; wherein the spatial levels include: regional multi-plates, intraplate basins and intra-basin structural-lithofacies zones; an evolution process constraint module, which is used to temporally constrain the lithofacies paleogeography evolution process according to global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, material supply and climate change; wherein the temporal levels include: secondary sequences, tertiary sequences and quaternary sequences; an exploration area prediction module, which is used to generate a lithofacies paleogeography map based on the constrained lithofacies paleogeography evolution process, and predict favorable exploration areas based on the lithofacies paleogeography map.

[0152] First, the exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography provided by the present invention can better reveal the development and configuration relationship of hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoir bodies and cap rocks in oil and gas basins, thereby clarifying the oil and gas exploration areas and directions, and providing a basis for the selection of zones and targets.

[0153] Furthermore, this paper reconstructs lithofacies paleogeography at three levels: the regional, petroliferous basin, and belt level, revealing the prototype and superimposed evolution of sedimentary basins at a regional scale. This allows for a systematic depiction of the structural-sedimentary response within basins at both the basin and belt scales, constrained by varying tectonic properties and tectonic transition settings. Furthermore, these three levels of structural-lithofacies paleogeographic maps allow for spatially constrained localization and chronologically refined analysis, enabling the identification of favorable distribution areas for source-reservoir-caprock formation and the prediction of favorable exploration areas.

[0154] Embodiment 5:

[0155] The embodiments of the present application also provide a specific implementation of an electronic device capable of implementing all steps in the above-mentioned method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, see Figure 9 , electronic equipment specifically includes the following:

[0156] Processor 1201, memory 1202, communications interface 1203, and bus 1204;

[0157] The processor 1201, the memory 1202, and the communication interface 1203 communicate with each other via the bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to implement information transmission between the server device and the client device and other related devices;

[0158] The processor 1201 is used to call the computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, all steps of the exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0159] Spatially, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constructed based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period; the spatial levels include: regional multi-plate, intraplate basin, and intra-basin tectonic-lithofacies zones;

[0160] In terms of time, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constrained by global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change; the temporal levels include: secondary sequence, tertiary sequence, and quaternary sequence;

[0161] A lithofacies paleogeographic map is generated according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and favorable exploration areas are predicted based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

[0162] In one embodiment, constructing the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on the properties of regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period includes:

[0163] Determine the basin type and lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period;

[0164] The lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constructed based on the basin type and the lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics.

[0165] In one embodiment, determining the basin type according to the nature of the syn-sedimentary tectonic activity includes:

[0166] Reconstruct the nature of tectonic activity in different suture zones and different sections of the same suture zone at different sedimentary periods at a multi-plate scale;

[0167] The basin type is determined according to the nature of the tectonic activity.

[0168] In one embodiment, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes includes:

[0169] A relative sea-level rise and fall cycle is divided into lowstand system tracts, transgressive system tracts, and highstand system tracts.

[0170] generating a time unit of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the lowstand system tract, the transgressive system tract, and the highstand system tract;

[0171] The lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constrained according to the time unit.

[0172] In one embodiment, when the time level is the secondary sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0173] Based on the global sea level changes, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the cross-plate tectonic evolution over a large time span, the basin prototype, the macro-sedimentary filling characteristics, the tectonic evolution relationship between plates, the overall basin formation of each plate and the sedimentary filling characteristics of each plate.

[0174] In one embodiment, when the time level is the third-order sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0175] Based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the structural-basin-forming and sedimentary phase distribution characteristics of the basin and its periphery over a medium time span, the structural-sedimentary genetic connection of the basin periphery, the sedimentary phase characteristics within the basin and the distribution characteristics within the basin.

[0176] In one embodiment, when the time level is the fourth-order sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0177] Based on the global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply and climate change constraints, the sedimentary facies / subfacies, lithofacies distribution characteristics, source rocks, reservoirs, cap rock distribution and combination relationships within the basin internal zone within a small time span are analyzed.

[0178] Example 6:

[0179] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps of the method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in the above-mentioned embodiment. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements all steps of the method for predicting an exploration area based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography in the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0180] Spatially, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constructed based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period; the spatial levels include: regional multi-plate, intraplate basin, and intra-basin tectonic-lithofacies zones;

[0181] In terms of time, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constrained by global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change; the temporal levels include: secondary sequence, tertiary sequence, and quaternary sequence;

[0182] A lithofacies paleogeographic map is generated according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and favorable exploration areas are predicted based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

[0183] In one embodiment, constructing the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on the properties of regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period includes:

[0184] Determine the basin type and lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period;

[0185] The lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constructed based on the basin type and the lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics.

[0186] In one embodiment, determining the basin type according to the nature of the syn-sedimentary tectonic activity includes:

[0187] Reconstruct the nature of tectonic activity in different suture zones and different sections of the same suture zone at different sedimentary periods at a multi-plate scale;

[0188] The basin type is determined according to the nature of the tectonic activity.

[0189] In one embodiment, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes includes:

[0190] A relative sea-level rise and fall cycle is divided into lowstand system tracts, transgressive system tracts, and highstand system tracts.

[0191] generating a time unit of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the lowstand system tract, the transgressive system tract, and the highstand system tract;

[0192] The lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constrained according to the time unit.

[0193] In one embodiment, when the time level is the secondary sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0194] Based on the global sea level changes, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the cross-plate tectonic evolution over a large time span, the basin prototype, the macro-sedimentary filling characteristics, the tectonic evolution relationship between plates, the overall basin formation of each plate and the sedimentary filling characteristics of each plate.

[0195] In one embodiment, when the time level is the third-order sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0196] Based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the structural-basin-forming and sedimentary phase distribution characteristics of the basin and its periphery over a medium time span, the structural-sedimentary genetic connection of the basin periphery, the sedimentary phase characteristics within the basin and the distribution characteristics within the basin.

[0197] In one embodiment, when the time level is the fourth-order sequence, constraining the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes:

[0198] Based on the global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply and climate change constraints, the sedimentary facies / subfacies, lithofacies distribution characteristics, source rocks, reservoirs, cap rock distribution and combination relationships within the basin internal zone within a small time span are analyzed.

[0199] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar portions between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the hardware + program embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, so their description is relatively simple. For relevant portions, refer to the description of the method embodiments.

[0200] The foregoing description of this specification describes specific embodiments. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0201] Although the present application provides method operation steps such as embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative work. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the steps among many steps and does not represent the only execution order. When an actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order shown in the embodiments or the drawings or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0202] For the convenience of description, the above devices are described in terms of functions divided into various modules. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware, or the modules that implement the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0203] Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller in pure computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same functionality by logically programming the method steps in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, and the like. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered structures within the hardware component. Alternatively, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0204] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0205] Memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0206] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between the various embodiments can be referenced across them. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, since the system embodiments are generally similar to the method embodiments, their description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, reference can be made to the description of the method embodiments. Throughout this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments in this specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples, and features of different embodiments or examples, described in this specification, without conflict.

[0207] The above description is merely an example of the embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the embodiments of this specification are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this specification shall be included within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for predicting exploration areas based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, characterized in that: include: Spatially, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constructed based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period; the spatial levels include: regional multi-plate, intraplate basin, and intra-basin tectonic-lithofacies zones; In terms of time, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constrained by global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change; the temporal levels include: secondary sequence, tertiary sequence, and quaternary sequence; A lithofacies paleogeographic map is generated according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and favorable exploration areas are predicted based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

2. The exploration area prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of constructing lithofacies paleogeographic evolution according to the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period includes: Determine the basin type and lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period; The lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constructed based on the basin type and the lithofacies paleogeographic pattern characteristics.

3. The exploration area prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basin type is determined based on the nature of the tectonic activity during the same sedimentary period, including: Reconstruct the nature of tectonic activity in different suture zones and different sections of the same suture zone at different sedimentary periods at a multi-plate scale; The basin type is determined according to the nature of the tectonic activity.

4. The exploration area prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The constraining of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level changes includes: A relative sea-level rise and fall cycle is divided into lowstand system tracts, transgressive system tracts, and highstand system tracts. generating a time unit of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process according to the lowstand system tract, the transgressive system tract, and the highstand system tract; The lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process is constrained according to the time unit.

5. The exploration area prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the time level is the secondary sequence, the constraining of the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process based on global sea level change, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes: Based on the global sea level changes, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the cross-plate tectonic evolution over a large time span, the basin prototype, the macro-sedimentary filling characteristics, the tectonic evolution relationship between plates, the overall basin formation of each plate and the sedimentary filling characteristics of each plate.

6. The exploration area prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the time level is the third-order sequence, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process constrained by global sea level change, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes: Based on the global sea level change, the tectonic subsidence, the material supply and the climate change constraints, the structural-basin-forming and sedimentary phase distribution characteristics of the basin and its periphery over a medium time span, the structural-sedimentary genetic connection of the basin periphery, the sedimentary phase characteristics within the basin and the distribution characteristics within the basin.

7. The exploration area prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the time level is the fourth-order sequence, the lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process constrained by global sea level change, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change includes: Based on the global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply and climate change constraints, the sedimentary facies / subfacies, lithofacies distribution characteristics, source rocks, reservoirs, cap rock distribution and combination relationships within the basin internal zone within a small time span are analyzed.

8. An exploration area prediction device based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography, characterized in that: include: The evolutionary process construction module is used to spatially construct the lithofacies paleogeographic evolutionary process based on the nature of regional tectonic activity during the same depositional period. The spatial levels include: regional multi-plate, intraplate basin, and intra-basin tectonic-lithofacies zones. An evolutionary process constraint module is used to constrain the lithofacies paleogeographic evolutionary process in time based on global sea level changes, tectonic subsidence, provenance supply, and climate change; wherein the temporal levels include: secondary sequence, tertiary sequence, and quaternary sequence; The exploration area prediction module is used to generate a lithofacies paleogeographic map according to the constrained lithofacies paleogeographic evolution process, and predict favorable exploration areas based on the lithofacies paleogeographic map.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the exploration area prediction method based on multi-level lithofacies paleogeography as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the exploration area prediction method based on multi-level sub-lithofacies paleogeography described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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