Phased-array antenna system based on two-shaft seat frame

Abstract

The invention provides a phased-array antenna system based on a two-shaft seat frame, and belongs to the field of electronic information. The system comprises an A-E shafting antenna pedestal and a phased array antenna. The phased-array antenna is installed on the A-E shafting antenna seat frame, and azimuth and pitching mechanical scanning tracking and electric scanning tracking of the phased-array antenna on an azimuth vector are achieved. According to the invention, tracking of signals of high-orbit synchronous satellites, inclined-orbit satellites and low-orbit satellites can be realized, rapid tracking of reconnaissance targets can also be realized, especially the problem of tracking a high-elevation blind area of a two-axis antenna and a low-elevation blind area of a phased-array antenna can be solved, and full-airspace satellite communication tracking or reconnaissance tracking is realized without a blind area. When the attitude of a tracking carrier is large or fast, and the azimuth only depends on mechanical scanning and cannot be corrected for tracking, the tracking mode is that the mechanical seat frame and the phased-array antenna work cooperatively, the phased-array antenna can perform electric scanning tracking on an azimuth vector, azimuth mechanical scanning is compensated, and antenna tracking is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic information and proposes a phased array antenna system based on a two-axis mount. It can track signals from high-orbit synchronous satellites, inclined-orbit satellites, and low-orbit satellites, and can also quickly track reconnaissance targets. Background Art

[0002] The antenna needs to calculate the pointing angle of the antenna in real time based on the target information and its own position and attitude changes, and control the antenna to quickly align to track the target. The existing system working mode of the one-dimensional phased array antenna and turntable combination is generally mechanical scanning tracking in azimuth and electrical phase scanning tracking in pitch. This method is similar to the AE mount antenna, except that the pitch electrical phase scanning replaces the pitch mechanical scanning. It can solve the problem of the low-elevation blind spot of the phased array antenna, but it cannot solve the high-elevation blind spot of the antenna tracking. At the same time, when the carrier attitude changes too quickly or the tracking target moves quickly, the azimuth cannot track the target well by relying solely on mechanical scanning tracking. The existing two-dimensional phased array antenna and turntable combination system is generally divided into two separate working modes: mechanical scanning and phase scanning. The system will lose lock when switching between the mechanical scanning and phase scanning modes, and the advantages of the two working modes are not complementary. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention proposes a phased array antenna system based on a two-axis mount. This system and method can track signals from high-orbit synchronous satellites, inclined-orbit satellites, and low-orbit satellites, and can also rapidly track reconnaissance targets. In particular, it addresses the high-elevation blind spots of two-axis antenna tracking and the low-elevation blind spots of phased array antennas, enabling full-space satellite communication tracking or reconnaissance tracking without blind spots.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A phased array antenna system based on a two-axis mount comprises an AE axis antenna mount and a phased array antenna; the phased array antenna is mounted on the AE axis antenna mount to achieve azimuth and elevation mechanical scanning and tracking as well as electronic scanning and tracking of the phased array antenna on the azimuth vector.

[0006] Furthermore, the phased array antenna is a one-dimensional phased array antenna or a two-dimensional phased array antenna.

[0007] Furthermore, the theoretical value of the antenna pointing to the satellite is calculated based on the target position information, and then the antenna pointing angle and the azimuth mechanical deck angle A are calculated in real time based on the theoretical value and the position and attitude changes during the carrier movement. j :

[0008] A j =A g -k

[0009] Pitching machinery deck angle E j :

[0010]

[0011] Phased array azimuth electronic scanning angle C j :

[0012]

[0013] Among them, A g is the theoretical angle of azimuth, E g is the theoretical pitch angle, k is the heading angle in the attitude, p is the pitch angle in the attitude, and r is the roll angle in the attitude.

[0014] Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. This invention proposes an antenna system based on a two-axis mount and a one-dimensional phased array. Compared with traditional parabolic antennas, this system has a smaller envelope and broader application prospects.

[0016] 2. The antenna system based on a two-axis mount and a one-dimensional phased array and its collaborative working method mentioned in the present invention have no high-elevation blind spots compared to traditional AE mount antennas, and no low-elevation blind spots compared to single phased array antennas, thus achieving full-airspace satellite communication tracking or reconnaissance tracking without blind spots.

[0017] 3. The antenna system based on a two-axis mount and a one-dimensional phased array and the collaborative working method thereof mentioned in the present invention have a higher tracking and reconnaissance speed than traditional parabolic antennas;

[0018] 4. The antenna system based on a two-axis mount and a one-dimensional phased array and its collaborative working method mentioned in the present invention have advantages over a single phased array antenna in terms of required power consumption, volume, and weight, lower cost, and greater advantages.

[0019] 5. The antenna system based on a two-axis mount and a one-dimensional phased array mentioned in this invention can be replaced with a two-dimensional phased array antenna, which has stronger capabilities. The phased array antenna can still be used independently after being removed, which is very flexible and has a wide range of application scenarios.

[0020] 6. The collaborative working method based on the system of the present invention can be designed or optimized according to the usage scenario and has strong adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the antenna system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is combined with Figure 1 The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] Collaborative system design:

[0024] 1. This embodiment combines a traditional two-axis antenna with a phased array antenna in system design. The traditional parabola is replaced with a phased array antenna, enabling mechanical scanning and tracking in azimuth and elevation. Simultaneously, the phased array antenna can perform electronic scanning and tracking in azimuth.

[0025] 2. The phased array antenna can be a one-dimensional phased array antenna, which requires less power consumption, volume and weight, is lower in cost and has more advantages;

[0026] 3. The phased array antenna can be a two-dimensional phased array antenna, which can be detached and used separately. It is very flexible and has a wide range of application scenarios. The pitch signal can cover a larger angle.

[0027] 4. Phased array azimuth electronic scanning angle C j A range of ±30° can meet the system requirements, which is much smaller than the ±60° requirement of a single phased array.

[0028] Tracking method design:

[0029] The theoretical value of the antenna pointing to the satellite is calculated based on the target position information, and then the antenna's pointing angle is calculated in real time based on the theoretical value and the position and posture changes during the carrier's movement.

[0030] Azimuth machinery deck angle:

[0031] A j =A g -k

[0032] Pitching machinery deck angle:

[0033]

[0034] Phased array azimuth electronic scanning angle:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, A g is the theoretical angle of azimuth, E g is the theoretical pitch angle, k is the heading angle in the attitude, p is the pitch angle in the attitude, r is the roll angle in the attitude, A j is the azimuth machinery deck angle calculated by the present invention, E j is the pitching mechanical deck angle calculated by the present invention, C j This is the one-dimensional phased array electronic scanning angle calculated by the present invention.

[0037] When the target elevation angle is low and the carrier attitude is small, and the azimuth can be tracked only by mechanical scanning, the tracking method is the same as that of the traditional AE mount antenna. The electrical angle pointing of the phased array antenna is kept in the center, which can ensure that the antenna gain is maximized.

[0038] When the tracking carrier's posture is large or fast, and the azimuth cannot be tracked correctly by mechanical scanning alone, the tracking method is that the mechanical mount and the phased array antenna work together. The phased array antenna can perform electronic scanning and tracking on the azimuth vector, compensate for the azimuth mechanical scanning, and ensure antenna tracking.

[0039] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A phased array antenna system based on a two-axis mount, characterized in that: It includes an AE axis antenna mount and a phased array antenna; the phased array antenna is installed on the AE axis antenna mount to realize azimuth and elevation mechanical scanning and tracking as well as electronic scanning and tracking of the phased array antenna on the azimuth vector.

2. A phased array antenna system based on a two-axis mount according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phased array antenna is a one-dimensional phased array antenna or a two-dimensional phased array antenna.

3. The phased array antenna system based on a two-axis mount according to claim 1, characterized in that: The theoretical value of the antenna pointing to the star is calculated based on the target position information. Then, based on the theoretical value and the position and attitude changes during the carrier movement, the antenna pointing angle and the azimuth mechanical deck angle A are calculated in real time. j : A j =A g -k Pitching machinery deck angle E j : Phased array azimuth electronic scanning angle C j : Among them, A g is the theoretical angle of azimuth, E g is the theoretical pitch angle, k is the heading angle in the attitude, p is the pitch angle in the attitude, and r is the roll angle in the attitude.

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