An auxiliary lubrication device and lubrication method for cold drawing of copper wire

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of copper processing technology, and in particular to an auxiliary lubrication device and lubrication method for cold drawing of copper wire. The device includes: a spraying device positioned above a drum and an atomizing device located at the inlet of the drawing die; the spraying device includes a main liquid supply pipe and multiple branch pipes corresponding to the drum, each branch pipe having several spray holes; the atomizing device includes a ring seat, multiple micro-orifice nozzles positioned on the inner wall of the central hole of the ring seat, and a liquid supply assembly for supplying liquid to the micro-orifice nozzles; the atomizing device and the drawing die are synchronously mounted on a die base; a liquid collection chamber is provided within the ring seat, and a transition hole is provided on the die base. The liquid supply assembly is connected to the liquid collection chamber through the transition hole. The lubricating liquid in the liquid collection chamber is sprayed out through the multiple micro-orifice nozzles, forming an atomized area within the central hole, replenishing and repairing any missing lubricating film on the copper wire, ensuring that the lubricating film on the copper wire at the die inlet remains continuous and uniform, reducing friction and wear between the drawing die and the copper wire, and lowering the breakage rate of the copper wire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of copper processing technology, and in particular to an auxiliary lubrication device and lubrication method for cold drawing of copper wire. Background Technology

[0002] Copper wire cold drawing is a process in which copper rods are gradually reduced in diameter by passing them through a series of drawing dies. To ensure die life and product quality, a continuous and uniform lubricating film must be maintained on the surface of the copper wire during the drawing process.

[0003] Existing copper wire drawing equipment typically uses a drum + spray structure. After being guided by the drum, the copper wire enters the next mold. A nozzle is set directly above the drum, which sprays lubricant vertically onto the outer edge of the drum, thus lubricating the copper wire wrapped around the drum.

[0004] However, there is a gap between the copper wire leaving the drum and entering the next drawing die. In this gap, the copper wire will vibrate at high frequency due to the drawing tension and the rotation of the drum. The vibration will cause the lubricant on the surface of the copper wire to drip off, making it impossible to maintain the integrity of the lubricating film in the gap. After the lubricating film is partially missing, the coefficient of friction between the copper wire and the die will increase instantaneously, the drawing stress will be concentrated, and the breakage rate will increase accordingly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an auxiliary lubrication device and lubrication method for cold drawing of copper wire, which effectively solves the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an auxiliary lubrication device and lubrication method for cold drawing of copper wire, comprising: a spraying device disposed above the drum and an atomizing device located at the inlet of the drawing die;

[0007] The spraying device includes a main liquid supply pipe arranged along the cold drawing direction and a plurality of branch pipes arranged along the length direction of the main liquid supply pipe and corresponding to the drum. The bottom surface of the branch pipe facing the drum is provided with a plurality of spray holes along the length direction.

[0008] The atomizing device includes a ring seat, a plurality of micro-orifice nozzles disposed on the inner wall of the central hole of the ring seat, and a liquid supply assembly for supplying liquid to the plurality of micro-orifice nozzles.

[0009] The atomizing device and the drawing die are mounted on the die base;

[0010] The ring seat is provided with a liquid collection chamber, and the mold seat is provided with a transition hole corresponding to the installation position of the atomizing device. The liquid supply component is connected to the liquid collection chamber through the transition hole. The lubricating liquid in the liquid collection chamber is sprayed out through multiple micro-hole nozzles to form an atomization area in the central hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper surface of the mold base is provided with a first groove that accommodates multiple wire drawing dies through a direction perpendicular to the cold drawing direction, and a second groove that accommodates the ring seat is provided on the side edge of the inlet end of the wire drawing die, and the second groove is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the wire drawing die.

[0012] Furthermore, the first groove is arranged in two rows on the mold base along the direction perpendicular to the cold drawing direction, and the wire drawing dies in the two rows of the first groove are staggered.

[0013] Furthermore, the ring seat includes a positioning part and an atomizing part from bottom to top;

[0014] The positioning part is fitted and positioned with the second groove of the mold base. The atomizing part has a central hole coaxial with the wire drawing mold, and a notch is provided directly above the atomizing part at the position of the central hole. The notch penetrates radially into the central hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper surface of the mold base is higher than the height of the die hole of the wire drawing die;

[0016] The first groove has through slots on both sides for the copper wire to pass through.

[0017] Furthermore, the ring seat includes a housing body and a sealing plate disposed on the side of the housing body facing the wire drawing die;

[0018] The end face of the housing body is provided with a labyrinth-style groove structure, and a sealing structure is provided on the outer periphery of the groove structure;

[0019] The sealing plate has a protruding structure on one side opposite to the housing body. The protruding structure is embedded in the groove structure and abuts against the outer side of the groove structure, forming a closed liquid collection cavity between the housing body and the sealing plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the liquid collection cavity is jointly enclosed by the sidewall of the central hole and the outer edge of the groove structure, and sequentially includes the following components along the liquid flow direction:

[0021] The manifold, located below the central hole, is used to receive lubricating fluid entering through the transition hole;

[0022] Two flow dividers are located on the left and right sides of the central hole, respectively, and the sidewalls of the flow dividers gradually converge inward toward the direction away from the confluence chamber, forming a gradually narrowing flow channel.

[0023] Furthermore, multiple sets of the liquid supply components are provided below the mold base, and each set of liquid supply components is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple ring seats within the mold base;

[0024] The multiple sets of liquid supply components are respectively connected to the pump station through a diversion valve group.

[0025] Furthermore, the liquid supply assembly includes a main pipeline and branch pipelines disposed on the main pipeline;

[0026] The branch pipe is connected to the transition hole through an adapter, and a throttling valve is provided at the connection between the branch pipe and the adapter.

[0027] The present invention also provides an auxiliary lubrication method using the auxiliary lubrication device for cold drawing of copper wire as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0028] The lubricating fluid at a set pressure is delivered to each branch pipe through the main supply pipe. The lubricating fluid forms a continuous liquid curtain through the equally spaced spray holes on the bottom surface of the branch pipe. The liquid curtain falls vertically onto the outer edge of the drum and the copper wire wrapped around the drum, so that an initial wet film is formed on the surface of the copper wire.

[0029] The copper wire, after passing through the suspended section, enters the central hole of the ring seat. The liquid supply component injects the lubricant into the liquid collection chamber inside the ring seat through the transition hole of the mold seat. After the lubricant is stabilized in the liquid collection chamber, it is sprayed out at high speed through multiple micro-hole nozzles on the inner wall of the central hole with a set particle size, forming a 360° atomization area in the central hole. The atomized droplets hit the surface of the copper wire, replenishing the exposed area and penetrating into the original wet film, forming a dense and uniform secondary lubricating film.

[0030] A copper wire carrying a complete secondary lubricating film enters the drawing die, forming a continuous hydrodynamic lubrication wedge in the working area of ​​the die. The copper wire is then cold-drawn after being reduced in diameter at each stage by the drawing die.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a spray device to perform the first wet lubrication on the copper wire on the drum, forming a basic lubrication film. By adding a ring seat and a micro-orifice nozzle at the inlet of the drawing die, a second atomized lubrication can be performed on the copper wire at the end of the suspended section. This replenishes and repairs the lubrication film defects caused by dripping or vibration of the copper wire, ensuring that the copper wire at the die inlet always maintains a continuous and uniform lubrication film, effectively reducing friction and wear between the drawing die and the copper wire, and reducing the breakage rate of the copper wire. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary lubrication device for cold drawing of copper wire in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of the auxiliary lubrication device for cold drawing of copper wire in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the wire drawing die and atomizing device within the die base in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the same atomizing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion at point A;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single atomizing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ring seat in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the liquid supply components in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Reference numerals: 10, spraying device; 11, main liquid supply pipe; 12, branch pipe; 13, spray hole; 20, atomizing device; 21, ring seat; 21a, center hole; 21b, positioning part; 21c, atomizing part; 21d, notch; 211, liquid collection chamber; 211a, confluence chamber; 211b, diversion chamber; 212, shell body; 212a, groove structure; 212b, sealing structure; 213, sealing plate; 213a, protrusion structure; 22, micro-orifice nozzle; 23, liquid supply assembly; 231, main pipe; 232, branch pipe; 30, drum; 40, wire drawing die; 41, die hole; 50, die base; 51, transition hole; 52, first groove; 53, second groove; 54, through groove. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 9 The auxiliary lubrication device for cold drawing of copper wire shown includes: a spray device 10 disposed above the drum 30, and an atomizing device 20 located at the inlet of the drawing die 40;

[0046] The spraying device 10 includes a liquid supply main pipe 11 arranged along the cold drawing direction, and a plurality of branch pipes 12 arranged along the length direction of the liquid supply main pipe 11 and corresponding to the drum 30. The branch pipes 12 have a plurality of spray holes 13 along the length direction on the bottom surface facing the drum 30.

[0047] The atomizing device 20 includes a ring seat 21, a plurality of micro-orifice nozzles 22 disposed on the inner wall of the central hole 21a of the ring seat 21, and a liquid supply assembly 23 for supplying liquid to the plurality of micro-orifice nozzles 22.

[0048] The atomizing device 20 and the wire drawing die 40 are mounted on the die base 50; the ring seat 21 is provided with a liquid collection chamber 211, and the die base 50 is provided with a transition hole 51 corresponding to the installation position of the atomizing device 20. The liquid supply component 23 is connected to the liquid collection chamber 211 through the transition hole 51. The lubricating liquid in the liquid collection chamber 211 is sprayed out through multiple micro-hole nozzles 22 to form an atomization area in the central hole 21a.

[0049] In this invention, a spraying device 10 is fixedly installed above the drum 30, and an atomizing device 20 and a wire drawing die 40 are coaxially installed on the die base 50 between two adjacent drums 30. The main liquid supply pipe 11 of the spray device 10 spans the entire machine along the cold drawing direction and is connected to an external lubricating liquid source (not shown). Several branch pipes 12 are welded or threaded to the main pipe. Each branch pipe 12 is located directly above the corresponding drum 30. Several spray holes 13 are evenly opened on the bottom surface of the branch pipe 12 along the length direction. The ring seat 21 of the atomizing device 20 is fixed on the mold seat 50 and is located in front of the wire drawing mold 40. Its central hole 21a is coaxially set with the inlet of the wire drawing mold 40. The ring seat 21 is provided with a liquid collection chamber 211. The liquid collection chamber 211 is connected to the liquid supply component 23 through the transition hole 51. Multiple micro-hole nozzles 22 are set on the inner wall of the liquid collection chamber 211 at the central hole 21a. The multiple micro-hole nozzles 22 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the copper wire. The spraying areas overlap at the center position to form an atomization area for the copper wire.

[0050] After the copper wire passes through the drawing die 40, the main supply pipe 11 delivers lubricating fluid to each branch pipe 12. The fluid falls vertically through the spray holes 13 onto the drum 30 and the surface of the copper wire wrapped around the drum 30, forming an initial wet film and completing the first lubrication of the copper wire. After the copper wire leaves the drum 30, it enters the suspended section. Some of the lubricating fluid drips due to inertia, thinning the wet film and creating exposed areas. At this time, the pump body atomizes the lubricating fluid into droplets of a set size through the micro-orifice nozzle 22 at a set pressure, forming an atomization area in the central hole 21a. The copper wire in the suspended section enters the central hole 21a of the ring seat 21. The atomized droplets impact the surface of the copper wire at high speed, spreading out again in the exposed areas and penetrating the original wet film to form a dense and uniform secondary lubricating film. Finally, the copper wire carrying the complete lubricating film enters the drawing die 40, completing the copper wire drawing process.

[0051] This invention utilizes a spray device 10 to perform a first wet lubrication on the copper wire on the drum 30, forming a basic lubrication film. Meanwhile, an additional ring seat 21 and micro-orifice nozzle 22 are added at the inlet of the drawing die 40, which can perform a second atomized lubrication on the copper wire at the end of the suspended section. This replenishes and repairs the lubrication film defects caused by dripping or vibration, ensuring that the copper wire at the die inlet always maintains a continuous and uniform lubrication film, effectively reducing friction and wear between the drawing die 40 and the copper wire, and reducing the breakage rate of the copper wire.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the upper surface of the mold base 50 is provided with a first groove 52 that accommodates multiple wire drawing dies 40 through a direction perpendicular to the cold drawing direction, and a second groove 53 that accommodates a ring seat 21 is provided on the side edge of the inlet end of the wire drawing die 40, and the second groove 53 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the wire drawing die 40.

[0053] The atomizing device 20 and the wire drawing die 40 are mounted on the same die base 50. The die base 50 serves as both the carrier of the wire drawing die 40 and the mounting base of the atomizing ring seat 21, forming a dual-function integrated block. The ring seat 21 and the wire drawing die 40 share the die base 50, resulting in a compact structure that does not occupy additional length of the suspended section and avoids secondary vibration sources. The wire drawing die 40 and the ring seat 21 are coaxially set with the center hole 21a. Their coaxiality is ensured by the die base 50 in a single machining process, avoiding concentricity errors caused by multiple clamping. This ensures that the atomizing ring ejected from the micro-orifice nozzle 22 is always concentric with the inlet of the wire drawing die 40, providing lubrication without blind spots. The copper wire enters the die after passing through the atomization zone, reducing unilateral wear caused by eccentricity.

[0054] Preferably, in this invention, the first groove 52 is arranged in two rows on the mold base 50 perpendicular to the cold drawing direction, and the wire drawing dies 40 in the two rows of the first groove 52 are staggered. Multi-wire parallel drawing can be achieved on the same mold base 50, and the staggered arrangement of the wire drawing dies 40 doubles the number of copper wires without increasing the axial length of the mold base 50, directly increasing the production capacity per unit time.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ring seat 21 includes a positioning part 21b and an atomizing part 21c from bottom to top; the positioning part 21b is fitted and positioned with the second groove 53 of the mold seat 50, and the atomizing part 21c has a central hole 21a coaxial with the wire drawing mold 40, and a notch 21d is provided directly above the atomizing part 21c located at the position of the central hole 21a, and the notch 21d penetrates radially into the central hole 21a.

[0056] During installation, the die base 50 is fixed to the frame, and the positioning part 21b of the ring seat 21 is vertically pressed into the second groove 53. The wire drawing die 40, after copper wire installation, is inserted into the first groove 52 of the die base 50, allowing the copper wire to enter the central hole 21a of the ring seat 21 through the notch 21d. The die hole 41 of the wire drawing die 40 is ensured to be coaxially aligned with the central hole 21a of the ring seat 21. Finally, the wire drawing die 40 is fixed.

[0057] The notch 21d serves as a lateral inlet for the copper wire, allowing it to pass radially into the central hole 21a without shutting down the machine. This avoids the cumbersome axial wire threading operation of the traditional ring seat 21, saving time on wire replacement and installation. Furthermore, the notch 21d creates a semi-enclosed overflow chamber in the atomizing section 21c. After the atomized droplets impact the copper wire, excess lubricant flows back into the recovery chamber along the inner wall of the central hole 21a, preventing direct splashing onto the equipment or the copper wire surface.

[0058] In this invention, the upper surface of the mold base 50 is higher than the height of the die hole 41 of the wire drawing die 40; the two sides of the first groove 52 are provided with through grooves 54 for copper wires to pass through. The wire drawing die 40 is inserted into the first groove 52 of the mold base 50 in a vertical direction, and the center line of its die hole 41 coincides with the center line of the through groove 54; at this time, the force generated by the copper wire drawing will press the wire drawing die 40 against the side wall of the first groove 52, and the side wall area located at the position of the through groove 54 will form two fan-shaped support areas for the contact area of ​​the die hole 41. This support area can offset the bending moment generated by the copper wire tension, significantly reduce the risk of mold tilting, keep the die hole 41 always parallel to the copper wire axis, and reduce the risk of wire breakage; at the same time, the through groove 54 and the notch 21d at the top of the ring seat 21 are radially connected to form a lateral wire loading channel, so that the copper wire can smoothly enter the central hole 21a.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ring seat 21 includes a housing body 212 and a sealing plate 213 disposed on the side of the housing body 212 facing the wire drawing die 40; the end face of the housing body 212 is provided with a labyrinth-type groove structure 212a, and a sealing structure 212b is provided on the outer periphery of the groove structure 212a; the side of the sealing plate 213 opposite to the housing body 212 is provided with a protruding structure 213a, the protruding structure 213a is embedded in the groove structure 212a and abuts against the outer side of the groove structure 212a, forming a closed liquid collection cavity 211 between the housing body 212 and the sealing plate 213.

[0060] Specifically, the sealing plate 213 and the housing body 212 are locked together by screws around the sealing structure 212b, or the housing body 212 and the sealing plate 213 are clamped together by the side wall of the second groove 53 to provide axial clamping force, ensuring the connection stability and sealing of the joint. The side wall clamping method can be to set a pad on one side of the ring seat for tightening or to use bolts screwed into the second groove to clamp the housing body and the sealing plate, including but not limited to the above structures.

[0061] In this design, after the protruding structure 213a is embedded in the labyrinthine groove, it first forms a tortuous labyrinth gap. The liquid needs to change its flow direction multiple times to leak out, which significantly increases the path resistance. An O-ring is then set on the outer periphery of the groove as a second physical barrier. When the two are fitted together, the fitted labyrinth sidewall bears radial hydraulic pressure, which can offset part of the axial thrust and prevent the sealing plate 213 from warping. Furthermore, the fitting of the protrusion and the groove plays a self-centering role, ensuring the coaxiality of the central hole 21a of the sealing plate 213 and the central hole 21a of the shell, without the need for additional positioning pins.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid collecting cavity 211 is formed by the sidewall of the central hole 21a and the outer edge of the groove structure 212a, and includes a confluence cavity 211a and a diversion cavity 211b in sequence along the liquid flow direction;

[0063] The manifold 211a is located below the central hole 21a and is used to receive the lubricating fluid entering through the transition hole 51. The two branching cavities 211b are located on the left and right sides of the central hole 21a, respectively, and the sidewalls of the branching cavities 211b gradually converge inward in the direction away from the manifold 211a, forming a gradually narrowing flow channel.

[0064] The lubricating fluid first enters the manifold 211a through the transition hole 51. After accumulating in the manifold 211a until the liquid level is higher than the lowest point of the central hole 21a, it is evenly distributed to the left and right branching chambers 211b. The liquid level in the branching chambers 211b rises synchronously, and the liquid velocity gradually increases due to the constraint of the gradual flow channel. When the manifold 211a and the branching chambers 211b are completely filled and the set pressure is reached, the high-pressure liquid flow is ejected through the micro-hole nozzles 22 evenly distributed around the central hole 21a, forming a uniform atomization ring and completing the secondary lubrication of the copper wire.

[0065] Specifically, the central hole 21a serves as both a copper wire channel and the inner boundary of the cavity, while its outer wall forms the outer contour of the groove. The manifold 211a, located below the central hole 21a, is the first section of the cavity to receive lubricating fluid. It stabilizes and eliminates eddies in the incoming lubricating fluid, ensuring consistent static pressure at the liquid level entering each branch cavity 211b. The branch cavities 211b, located on the left and right sides of the central hole 21a, are subsequent branching sections. They divide the liquid in the manifold 211a into two parts, guiding them to the sides of the central hole 21a respectively. The left and right branch cavities 211b are arranged circumferentially with the central hole 21a, achieving uniform fluid supply to the micro-orifice nozzles 22 on the sidewall of the central hole 21a. This eliminates lateral flow deviation; while the sidewall of the diversion chamber 211b gradually converges inward from the confluence chamber 211a towards the far end, and the cross-section gradually shrinks to form a gradual flow channel. The gradual flow channel acts as a pre-accelerator, increasing the liquid flow velocity in the diversion chamber 211b. The high-speed liquid flow forms a continuous shear layer in the entire cavity before reaching the nozzle, achieving self-flushing and ensuring that the particles are always in a suspended state. The suspended particles enter the micropores with the liquid flow. The particle size is much smaller than the pore size and will be sprayed out with the liquid. They will not stay at the orifice or the cavity wall, thus preventing rather than cleaning the blockage afterward.

[0066] In this invention, one end of the die holder 50 is fixed to the wire drawing machine to form a cantilever structure. The pump station supplies lubricating fluid to multiple ring seats 21 within the die holder 50 through the fluid supply assembly 23. Since the fluid supply starting point is located at the fixed end of the die holder 50, the friction resistance causes the inlet pressure gradient of each ring seat 21 to decrease, resulting in dense atomization near the end and sparse atomization far from the end, affecting the atomization lubrication effect of the copper wire. Therefore, in order to ensure the consistency of the atomization lubrication effect of each ring seat 21, in a preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 9 As shown, multiple sets of liquid supply components 23 are arranged below the mold base 50, and the multiple sets of liquid supply components 23 are arranged one-to-one with the multiple ring seats 21 in the mold base 50; the multiple sets of liquid supply components 23 are respectively connected to the pump station through the diversion valve group.

[0067] The pump station (not shown) supplies liquid to multiple independent branches via a diversion valve assembly (not shown). Each branch connects to only one transition hole 51 of the ring seat 21, forming a one-to-one liquid supply. The diversion valve assembly uses equal pressure diversion valves or proportional diversion valves, configured to output equal pressure to each independent branch, making the inlet pressure difference of each ring seat 21 approximately the same. In addition, all independent branches are arranged below the mold base 50, without increasing the overall width of the machine, and the cantilever length remains unchanged, avoiding the introduction of new vibration sources. Both the diversion valve assembly and the independent branches adopt a modular design, which can increase or decrease the number of branches according to the number of wire drawing heads without redesigning the liquid supply assembly 23. Maintenance or blockage of any independent branch does not affect the other ring seats 21. By using an independent liquid supply assembly 23 to supply liquid to each ring seat 21 and using the diversion valve assembly to control the output pressure, it is possible to ensure that the atomization pressure of each ring is consistent, thereby ensuring a uniform lubricating film on the surface of the copper wire and reducing the breakage rate.

[0068] As a preferred structure of the above scheme, the liquid supply assembly 23 includes a main pipe 231 and a branch pipe 232 disposed on the main pipe 231; the branch pipe 232 is connected to the transition hole 51 through an adapter, and a throttle valve is provided at the connection between the branch pipe 232 and the adapter.

[0069] The main pipeline 231 runs horizontally below the mold base 50 and connects to the pump station outlet, serving as the main trunk line for the high-pressure lubricating fluid. One end of the branch pipeline 232 is welded or threaded to the side of the main pipeline 231, and the other end is connected to the transition hole 51 via an adapter. The adapter is a quick-connect or threaded joint with an internal sealing surface to achieve zero-leakage connection between the branch pipeline 232 and the transition hole 51. A throttle valve is located at the inlet end of the adapter. When there are slight pressure fluctuations in the main pipeline 231, it stabilizes the flow rate of the branch pipeline 232 at a set value, keeping the inlet pressure of the ring seat 21 stable, ensuring uniform atomization, and further guaranteeing consistent copper wire lubricating film thickness. Preferably, the main pipeline 231 and the branch pipeline 232 can be made of flexible hoses or stainless steel pipes, including but not limited to the above structures, and the main pipe is fixed below the mold base 50 using a retaining ring.

[0070] In a further preferred embodiment, a pressure sensor is installed in the lubricating fluid collection chamber 211 of the ring seat 21 to monitor the pressure of the lubricating fluid in the collection chamber 211 in real time. The pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure signal to the control system in real time. The control system compares the current pressure value with a set pressure range. When the micro-orifice nozzle 22 is partially blocked, the flow area decreases, the required back pressure at the same flow rate increases, and the pressure sensor reading rises accordingly. Once the pressure value exceeds a preset threshold, the control system immediately issues a blockage warning signal. By increasing the pressure, an early warning of blockage in the micro-orifice nozzle 22 is achieved, allowing maintenance personnel to complete cleaning or replacement before complete blockage, improving fault response speed and reducing downtime due to insufficient lubrication.

[0071] The present invention also provides an auxiliary lubrication method using an auxiliary lubrication device for cold drawing of copper wire, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Start the pump station and deliver lubricating fluid at a set pressure to each branch pipe 12 through the main supply pipe 11. The lubricating fluid forms a continuous liquid curtain through the equally spaced spray holes 13 on the bottom surface of the branch pipe 12. The liquid curtain falls vertically onto the outer edge of the drum 30 and the copper wire wrapped around the drum 30, so that an initial wet film is formed on the surface of the copper wire.

[0073] The copper wire, after passing through the suspended section, enters the central hole 21a of the ring seat 21. The liquid supply component 23 injects the lubricant into the liquid collection chamber 211 inside the ring seat 21 through the transition hole 51 of the mold seat 50. After the lubricant is stabilized in the liquid collection chamber 211, it is sprayed out at high speed with a set particle size through multiple micro-hole nozzles 22 on the inner wall of the central hole 21a, forming a 360° atomization area in the central hole 21a. The atomized droplets hit the surface of the copper wire, replenish the exposed area and penetrate into the original wet film, forming a dense and uniform secondary lubricating film.

[0074] A copper wire carrying a complete secondary lubricating film enters the drawing die 40, forming a continuous hydrodynamic lubrication wedge within the die's working area. The copper wire undergoes cold drawing after being progressively reduced in diameter by the drawing die 40. It should be noted that the die's working area sequentially includes an inlet cone, a deformation zone, and a sizing zone. The relative motion between the copper wire and the die wall forms a hydrodynamic lubrication wedge, which refers to the wedge-shaped oil film formed between the die's inlet cone and the surface of the copper wire during the drawing process, when the copper wire passes through the die at high speed.

[0075] This method employs a two-stage lubrication system involving spraying and atomization. First, a uniform wet film is formed at the drum 30. Then, at the mold inlet, a pressure-stabilizing liquid collection chamber 211 and a gradient flow channel ensure consistent pressure at the micro-orifice nozzle 22, controlling the atomized particle size to stably form a lubricating film. The copper wire carries this lubricating film at high speed into the mold working area. Between the inlet cone and the surface of the copper wire, a hydrodynamic lubrication wedge is formed due to relative motion, isolating the copper wire from direct contact with the mold, reducing frictional heat and wear, uniformly transmitting drawing force, preventing local stress concentration, and simultaneously carrying away deformation heat, thereby extending mold life and reducing the risk of wire breakage.

[0076] Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire, characterized by comprising: The spray device is arranged above the drum wheel, and the atomizing device is arranged at the inlet of the wire drawing die; The spray device comprises a main pipe arranged along the cold drawing direction and a plurality of branch pipes arranged along the length direction of the main pipe and corresponding to the drum wheel; The atomizing device comprises a ring seat, a plurality of micro-hole nozzles arranged on the inner wall of the central hole of the ring seat, and a liquid supply assembly for supplying liquid to the micro-hole nozzles; The atomizing device and the wire drawing die are arranged on a die seat; The ring seat is provided with a liquid collecting cavity, the die seat is provided with a transition hole corresponding to the mounting position of the atomizing device, the liquid supply assembly is connected with the liquid collecting cavity through the transition hole, and the lubricating liquid in the liquid collecting cavity is sprayed out through the micro-hole nozzles to form an atomizing area in the central hole. The ring seat comprises a positioning part and an atomizing part from bottom to top; the atomizing part has the central hole coaxial with the wire drawing die, and a notch is arranged above the central hole; the notch penetrates into the central hole along the radial direction.

2. The auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire according to claim 1, characterized by The upper surface of the die seat is provided with a first groove for accommodating a plurality of wire drawing dies along the vertical direction perpendicular to the cold drawing direction; the side edge of the inlet end of the wire drawing die is provided with a second groove for accommodating the ring seat, and the second groove is arranged one-to-one corresponding to the wire drawing die.

3. The auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire according to claim 2, characterized by The first grooves are arranged in two rows on the die seat along the vertical direction perpendicular to the cold drawing direction, and the wire drawing dies in the two rows of first grooves are staggered.

4. The auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire according to claim 2, characterized by The positioning part is embedded and positioned in the second groove of the die seat.

5. The auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the die seat is higher than the height of the die hole of the wire drawing die. The side edges of the first grooves are provided with through grooves for the copper wire to pass through.

6. The auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire according to claim 1, characterized by The ring seat comprises a shell body and a sealing plate arranged on the side of the shell body facing the wire drawing die. The end surface of the shell body is provided with a labyrinth groove structure, and a sealing structure is arranged on the outer periphery of the groove structure. The side of the sealing plate opposite to the shell body is provided with a protruding structure, the protruding structure is embedded in the groove structure, and the protruding structure is in contact with the outer side of the groove structure, thereby forming a closed liquid collecting cavity between the shell body and the sealing plate.

7. The auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid collecting cavity is surrounded by the central hole side wall and the outer track edge of the groove structure, and comprises, in sequence along the liquid flow direction: A converging cavity is arranged below the central hole for receiving lubricating liquid entering from the transition hole; Two diverging cavities are arranged on the left and right sides of the central hole, and the side walls of the diverging cavities gradually converge inward in a direction away from the converging cavity, forming a gradually changing flow channel with a gradually changing cross section.

8. The auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire according to claim 1, characterized by The liquid supply assembly is arranged in multiple groups below the die seat, and each group of the liquid supply assembly is arranged one-to-one corresponding to the ring seat in the die seat. Each group of the liquid supply assembly is connected with a pump station through a diverging valve group.

9. The auxiliary lubricating device for cold drawing of copper wire according to claim 8, characterized by The liquid supply assembly comprises a main pipe and a branch pipe arranged on the main pipe; The branch pipe is connected with the transition hole through an adapter, and a throttling valve is arranged at the connection between the branch pipe and the adapter.

10. A supplementary lubrication method using the supplementary lubrication device for cold drawing of copper wire according to claim 1, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Through the main pipe to each branch pipe conveying set pressure lubricating liquid, lubricating liquid through the branch pipe bottom surface equidistant spray hole formed continuous liquid curtain, liquid curtain vertical fall in the drum wheel edge and wrapped in the copper wire, the copper wire surface formed initial wet film; Through the suspension section of copper wire into the center hole of ring seat, the liquid supply assembly will lubricating liquid through the transition hole of die seat into the ring seat of the liquid chamber, lubricating liquid in the liquid chamber after the stable pressure, through the center hole on the inner wall of a plurality of micro hole nozzle with set particle size high speed spray, in the center hole formed 360 ° atomization area, atomization droplets impact the surface of copper wire, for the exposed area to supplement and into the original wet film, forming a dense and uniform thickness of secondary lubrication film; Carrying complete secondary lubrication film of copper wire into the drawing die, in the die working area formed continuous fluid power lubrication wedge, copper wire in through the drawing die after the step by step reducing diameter completed cold drawing forming.

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