Method for culturing fishes by using deep-sea bottom-supported large intelligent net cage

Abstract

The invention provides a method for culturing fishes by using a deep-sea bottom-supported large intelligent net cage, which can solve the problems of serious stress and the like of cultured fishes and realize healthy growth and benefit improvement. The method comprises the steps that firstly, deep-sea large-scale intelligent net cage equipment is configured, net cage equipment culture surrounds a large water body, 12-level typhoon can be resisted, wind and light energy storage complementary power supply is adopted, and various kinds of automatic equipment and intelligent culture management and control systems are arranged; secondly, large-scale fry suitable for fish culture are bred, and the fry are bred to 200 g or above in a relay mode through a land-based factory workshop and a near-shore net cage; thirdly, land-sea relay low-stress transfer is conducted, a live fish transport ship is used for transfer, the fry are treated before transportation to reduce stress, and the transfer density in the middle is controlled within 80 kg / m < 3 >; intelligent accurate feeding is conducted, the number and biomass of fish schools are calculated in combination with sonar and camera data, the behaviors of the fish schools are monitored, a state model is established, and accurate bait feeding is guided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of deep-sea aquaculture technology, and in particular to a method for aquaculture of fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage. Background Art

[0002] As my country continues to implement its strategy for developing deep-sea aquaculture, a growing number of deep-sea aquaculture facilities, including large-scale, bottom-mounted intelligent cages, engineered pens, and aquaculture vessels, have been constructed and launched. This has pushed my country's marine fish farming from nearshore to deep-sea areas. This has also opened up new opportunities for the development of marine aquaculture and created a deep-sea production base for high-quality blue protein. The advantages of using large-scale, bottom-mounted intelligent cages for deep-sea aquaculture include excellent water quality and flow exchange in deep-sea waters, a favorable growth environment, and ample space for fish to grow and move. Furthermore, the use of various intelligent equipment allows for remote, real-time monitoring of farmed fish, strong manual control, and increased survival rates and yields. Furthermore, the aquacultured products are green, high-quality, and command high market prices, resulting in significant economic benefits. Using large-scale, bottom-mounted intelligent cages for aquaculture can effectively address the frequent diseases, poor input management, and suboptimal growth and survival rates that plague small-scale, nearshore cage, pond, and land-based factory aquaculture models, thereby improving fish farming efficiency and profitability.

[0003] However, deep-sea, bottom-mounted, intelligent cages face challenging conditions in the deep seas, with high waves and turbulent currents. Furthermore, the individual cages are spacious and require highly automated and intelligent aquaculture equipment to ensure smooth operation. Therefore, deep-sea aquaculture cannot simply replicate land-based factory-based or nearshore small-cage aquaculture techniques.

[0004] Traditional cage aquaculture technology. Production experiments with large, bottom-mounted intelligent cages currently in operation in my country have proven this point. However, due to the lack of a healthy aquaculture process adapted to deep-sea ocean conditions and facility operating conditions, problems such as high stress levels during land-sea transfers, high mortality rates for released seedlings, and the inability to assess feeding effectiveness have become prominent. These issues have led to suboptimal growth, low survival rates, and low aquaculture returns for farmed fish, becoming a bottleneck restricting the healthy development of deep-sea aquaculture. Therefore, it is urgent to establish healthy aquaculture technology for large, bottom-mounted intelligent cages in the deep sea to support the green and healthy development of deep-sea aquaculture in my country. Therefore, we have made improvements to this and proposed a method for aquaculture fish using large, bottom-mounted intelligent cages. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems raised by the existing background technology. In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for aquaculture of fish using a large-scale intelligent cage with a deep-sea bottom position, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1. Configure a deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage: The cage adopts a steel bottom-mounted cage. The main structure of the cage consists of columns, upper rings, lower rings, sinking pads, and diagonal supports. It is equipped with a pneumatic automatic bait thrower, net hoist winch, net washer, underwater 3D vision system, multi-beam sonar system, net health detection robot, and an intelligent aquaculture management and control system.

[0007] Step 2: Cultivation of large-sized fry suitable for fish farming:

[0008] Step 2.1, early cultivation: Early cultivation is carried out in a land-based factory workshop. Taking deep-sea cultured fish such as Lateolabrax japonicus and Lateolabrax schrenckii as examples, fertilized eggs of Lateolabrax japonicus are obtained in February, and fry of Lateolabrax schrenckii are obtained in April. The factory-based cultivation workshop is used for early seedling cultivation. The volume used is 10-25m 3 The indoor cement pool is used as a nursery pond, and the bait series is rotifers-Artemia nauplii-compound feed. After 70-80 days of cultivation, the seedlings grow to a total length of 5-6 cm.

[0009] Step 2.2, post-cultivation: Post-cultivation is done in nearshore cages, and the seedlings are placed in canvas barrels (1m 3 ) or transported by live water truck to nearshore cages for cultivation. During the transportation of seedlings, attention should be paid to stress reduction treatment. The density of sea and land transfer should be controlled at 80kg / m 3 The size of the nearshore cage is 10m×10m×6m, and the initial breeding density of the seedlings after entering the cage is 40-50 fish / m 3 , as the fish grow, the stocking density is continuously reduced; the seedlings are not fed within 3 days after entering the cage, and are fed with compound feed after they recover, and immune enhancers are added at the same time;

[0010] Step 3: Seedling transportation:

[0011] Step 3.1, from land-based factory workshop to nearshore cages: Feed the seedlings with a stress-resistant compound biological agent for 3 days before transport, followed by a 48-hour feeding halt. Before transport, the seedlings can be anesthetized with a low dose of MS222 (10 mg / L), or soaked in a low dose of MS222 (10 mg / L) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (0.3 ml / L) during transport.

[0012] Step 3.2, from nearshore cages to deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cages: feed compound anti-stress preparations before transportation, and apply anesthetic anti-stress compound preparations to the water body during transportation;

[0013] Step 4: Intelligent and precise feeding:

[0014] Step 4.1, Preliminary treatment: After the large-sized seedlings enter the deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage for cultivation, they are not fed for the first 7 days, and then gradually resume feeding after 7 days;

[0015] Step 4.2, Biomass Calculation: Use three sonar devices installed near the bottom and wall of the cage to determine the number of farmed fish. Use binocular cameras installed at different water level heights on the four columns of the cage to observe and evaluate the length and weight of the farmed fish in the cage, and calculate the total biomass of the farmed fish in the cage.

[0016] Step 4.3, Behavioral Monitoring and Model Building: Under different weather conditions and at different times of the day, the behavior of farmed fish was monitored using an underwater binocular camera to track feeding and clustering behaviors. The behavioral data characteristics of tail wagging frequency and upper and lower jaw closure frequency were monitored, collected, and identified to establish a model for determining the hunger and satiation states of the fish.

[0017] Step 4.4, feeding control: Collect the fish distribution and number data from the sonar, as well as the tail wagging and gill flapping behavior data in a hungry state. When more than 50% of the farmed fish reach a specific frequency, turn on the bait feeding equipment to feed.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the main dimensions of the cage are 68 meters × 68 meters × 40 meters, with a maximum operating draft of 36.5 meters; the aquaculture area is surrounded by 60,000 to 70,000 cubic meters of water and can withstand a level 12 typhoon.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cage adopts wind, solar and energy storage complementarity as the power supply mode and is equipped with an intelligent breeding management and control system.

[0020] As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cage adopts wind, solar and energy storage complementarity as the power supply mode, and is equipped with a pneumatic automatic bait throwing machine, a net lifting winch, a net washing machine, an underwater three-dimensional vision system, a multi-beam sonar system, and a net health detection robot automation equipment, and independently develops an intelligent breeding management and control system.

[0021] As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the large-scale seedlings of suitable fish are cultivated for fish suitable for cage farming, and the land-based factory workshop nearshore cage relay cultivation model is adopted. The seedlings are acclimated and cultured in nearshore cages for no less than 2 months and grow to a weight of more than 200g.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, during the early cultivation process: the cultivation water temperature is controlled at 16-19°C, the salinity is 28-30, the dissolved oxygen is above 6 mg / L, and the pH is 7.8-8.2.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, land-sea relay low-stress transportation is that when the seedlings reach appropriate specifications, the seedlings are transported from nearshore cages to deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cages for breeding by live fish transport ships; before transportation, the seedlings are fed with bait containing an anti-stress compound biological agent for 3 days and then stopped for 2 days. The stress compound biological agent includes Vc at 0.05% by weight of the feed and 5-hydroxymethylconaldehyde (5-HMF) (0.1% by weight of the feed). Before the start of transportation, a low dose of MS222 anesthetic and 5-HMF are added to the water body for soaking treatment.

[0024] As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the intermediate seedlings of the land-based factory workshop near-shore cage cultivation model are transported by sea and land, and the transport density is controlled at 80kg / m 3 Within.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, three sonar devices are installed near the bottom and wall of the cage to detect and determine the group distribution and possible number of farmed fish in the cage; binocular cameras are installed at different water layer heights on the four columns of the cage to observe and evaluate the body length and weight of farmed fish in the cage; and sonar data and biological data are combined to calculate the actual number of farmed fish in the cage and the total biomass.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the behavior of farmed fish is monitored by underwater monocular or binocular cameras, and the feeding and distribution clustering behavior is tracked in a timely manner. By monitoring, collecting and identifying the behavioral characteristics of tail swinging frequency and upper and lower jaw closure frequency, a model for distinguishing the hunger and fullness states of fish is established. At the same time, the model is input into the bait feeding equipment to guide the feeding start time, duration, feeding angle and feeding amount of the equipment.

[0027] A method for culturing fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage, the method comprising configuring the large-scale deep-sea intelligent cage, cultivating large-sized fry of suitable fish, low-stress land-sea relay transportation, and intelligent precision feeding;

[0028] The large-scale intelligent deep-sea cage equipment configuration mentioned here refers to the "Jinghai" series of large-scale intelligent deep-sea aquaculture cage facilities. The cages are steel, bottom-mounted structures, consisting of columns, upper and lower rings, submerged pads, and diagonal supports. They enclose 60,000-70,000 cubic meters of water and are resistant to a Category 12 typhoon. The cages utilize wind, solar, and energy storage as a power supply. They are equipped with automated equipment such as a pneumatic automatic bait dispenser, a net hoist winch, a net washer, an underwater 3D vision system, a multi-beam sonar system, and a net health monitoring robot. They also feature an independently developed intelligent aquaculture management and control system, achieving automation, digitization, and intelligent deep-sea aquaculture, while also ensuring economical and simplified operation and maintenance.

[0029] The large-sized seedling cultivation of suitable fish adopts a "land-based factory workshop + nearshore cage" relay cultivation model for fish suitable for cage farming, and cultivates their seedlings to large-sized seedlings of 200g; the land-based factory workshop + nearshore cage cultivation model is to cultivate seedlings from fertilized eggs to a total length of 4-6cm in the land-based factory workshop; and then continue to acclimate and cultivate in small nearshore cages for no less than 2 months until the weight reaches more than 200g;

[0030] The relay safe transport method comprises the following steps: when the seedlings reach suitable specifications, they are transported from nearshore cages to deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cages for cultivation using live fish transport vessels; before transport, the seedlings are fed with a feed containing a stress-resistant composite biological agent (Vc + 5-hydroxymethylconaldehyde (5-HMF)) for 3 days and then fasted for 2 days; and before transport begins, an appropriate low dose of an anesthetic such as MS222 and 5-HMF is added to the water for soaking, which can significantly reduce the stress response of the seedlings during transport.

[0031] In the cultivation model of land-based factory workshop + near-shore cage, the transfer density of intermediate seedlings during sea-land transportation is controlled within 80kg / m3.

[0032] The intelligent precision feeding system: After the fry enter the cage, they are fed intelligently via automatic feeders located on the four walls of the cage. First, three sonar devices are installed near the bottom and walls of the cage to detect and determine the distribution and potential number of farmed fish. Furthermore, binocular cameras are installed at different water level heights on the four columns of the cage to observe and assess the length and weight of the farmed fish. The sonar data is combined with biological data to calculate the actual number of farmed fish and the total biomass. Furthermore, under different weather conditions and at different times of the day, underwater monocular or binocular cameras monitor the behavior of the farmed fish, tracking their feeding and grouping behavior. By monitoring, collecting, and identifying behavioral characteristics such as tail-wagging frequency and upper and lower jaw closure frequency, a model is developed to determine the hunger and satiation states of the fish. This model is then input into the feeding device to guide the device's feeding start time, duration, feeding angle, and feeding amount, thus achieving intelligent precision feeding for cage aquaculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a parameter block diagram of the "Jinghai" series deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage model provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A block diagram of parameters for cultivating large-sized seedlings provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a data frame diagram of fish farming effects provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 The present invention provides a flow chart of the method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents some embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments can be combined with each other. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0039] Example 1: A method for aquaculture of fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage, comprising the following steps: Step 1, configuring the deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage: The cage is a steel bottom-mounted cage, the main structure of which consists of columns, an upper ring, a lower ring, a sinking pad, and an inclined support; the cage is equipped with a pneumatic automatic bait thrower, a net hoist winch, a net washer, an underwater three-dimensional vision system, a multi-beam sonar system, and a net health detection robot; and an intelligent aquaculture management and control system.

[0040] Step 2: Cultivation of large-sized fry suitable for fish farming:

[0041] Step 2.1, early cultivation: Early cultivation is carried out in a land-based factory workshop. Fertilized eggs of L. japonicum are obtained in February, and fry of L. philippinarum are obtained in April. The factory-based cultivation workshop is used for early cultivation of seedlings. The volume used is 10-25m 3 The indoor cement pool is used as a nursery pond, and the bait series is rotifers-Artemia nauplii-compound feed. After 70-80 days of cultivation, the seedlings grow to a total length of 5-6 cm.

[0042] Step 2.2, post-cultivation: Post-cultivation is done in nearshore cages, and the seedlings are placed in canvas barrels (1m 3 ) to the nearshore cages for cultivation. During the transportation of seedlings, attention should be paid to stress reduction. The density of sea-land transfer should be controlled at 80kg / m 3 The size of the nearshore cage is 10m×10m×6m, and the initial breeding density of the seedlings after entering the cage is 40-50 fish / m 3, as the fish grow, the stocking density is continuously reduced; the seedlings are not fed within 3 days after entering the cage, and are fed with compound feed after they recover, and immune enhancers are added at the same time;

[0043] Step 3: Seedling transportation:

[0044] Step 3.1, from land-based factory workshop to nearshore cages: Feed the seedlings with a stress-resistant compound biological agent for 3 days before transport, followed by a 48-hour feeding halt. Before transport, the seedlings can be anesthetized with a low dose of MS222 (10 mg / L), or soaked in a low dose of MS222 (10 mg / L) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (0.3 ml / L) during transport.

[0045] Step 3.2, from nearshore cages to deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cages: feed compound anti-stress preparations before transportation, and apply anesthetic anti-stress compound preparations to the water body during transportation;

[0046] Step 4: Intelligent and precise feeding:

[0047] Step 4.1, Preliminary treatment: After the large-sized seedlings enter the deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage for cultivation, they are not fed for the first 7 days, and then gradually resume feeding after 7 days;

[0048] Step 4.2, Biomass Calculation: Use three sonar devices installed near the bottom and wall of the cage to determine the number of farmed fish. Use binocular cameras installed at different water level heights on the four columns of the cage to observe and evaluate the length and weight of the farmed fish in the cage, and calculate the total biomass of the farmed fish in the cage.

[0049] Step 4.3, Behavioral Monitoring and Model Building: Under different weather conditions and at different times of the day, the behavior of farmed fish was monitored using an underwater binocular camera to track feeding and clustering behaviors. The behavioral data characteristics of tail wagging frequency and upper and lower jaw closure frequency were monitored, collected, and identified to establish a model for determining the hunger and satiation states of the fish.

[0050] Step 4.4, feeding control: Collect the fish distribution and number data from the sonar, as well as the tail wagging and gill flapping behavior data in a hungry state. When more than 50% of the farmed fish reach a specific frequency, turn on the bait feeding equipment to feed.

[0051] The main dimensions of the cage are 68 meters × 68 meters × 40 meters, with a maximum operating draft of 36.5 meters; the aquaculture area is surrounded by 60,000 to 70,000 cubic meters of water and can withstand a level 12 typhoon.

[0052] The cages use wind, solar and energy storage as a complementary power supply method and are equipped with an intelligent breeding management and control system.

[0053] The cages use wind, solar and energy storage as a complementary power supply method, and are equipped with pneumatic automatic bait feeders, net lifting winches, net washing machines, underwater three-dimensional vision systems, multi-beam sonar systems, and net health detection robot automation equipment, and independently developed intelligent breeding management and control systems.

[0054] The breeding of large-sized fry of suitable fish is aimed at fish suitable for cage farming. The land-based factory workshop and nearshore cage relay breeding model is adopted. The fry are acclimated and cultured in nearshore cages for no less than 2 months and grow to a weight of more than 200g.

[0055] During the early cultivation process: control the cultivation water temperature at 16-19℃, salinity at 28-30, dissolved oxygen at above 6mg / L, and pH at 7.8-8.2.

[0056] Land-sea relay low-stress transportation is that when the seedlings reach the appropriate specifications, the seedlings are transported from the nearshore cages to the deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cages for breeding by live fish transport ships; before transportation, the seedlings are fed with anti-stress compound biological preparations, and then stopped for 2 days after 3 days of feeding. The stress compound biological preparations include Vc at 0.05% of the feed weight and 5-hydroxymethylconaldehyde (5-HMF) (0.1% of the feed weight). Before the start of transportation, an appropriate low dose of MS222 anesthetic and 5-HMF are added to the water body for soaking treatment.

[0057] When the intermediate seedlings of the land-based factory workshop near-shore cage cultivation model are transferred from land to sea, the transfer density is controlled at 80kg / m 3 Within.

[0058] Three sonar devices are installed near the bottom and walls of the cage to detect and determine the group distribution and possible number of farmed fish in the cage; binocular cameras are installed at different water layer heights on the four columns of the cage to observe and evaluate the body length and weight of farmed fish in the cage; sonar data is combined with biological data to calculate the actual number of farmed fish in the cage and the total biomass.

[0059] The behavior of farmed fish is monitored through underwater monocular or binocular cameras, and feeding and distribution clustering behaviors are tracked in a timely manner. By monitoring, collecting and identifying behavioral characteristics of tail swinging frequency and upper and lower jaw closure frequency, a model for determining the hunger and fullness status of fish is established. At the same time, the model is input into the bait feeding equipment to guide the equipment's feeding start time, duration, feeding angle and feeding amount.

[0060] Example 2: From 2022 to 2024, a fish farming demonstration was carried out in the Nanhuangcheng waters of Yantai using the "Jinghai 001-004" deep-sea bottom-mounted smart cage. The cage is a steel structure, bottom-mounted, with a main dimension of 68m x 68m x 40m and a maximum operating draft of 36.5m. The main structure consists of columns, upper rings, lower rings, sinking pads, and inclined supports. The aquaculture area is approximately 70,000 cubic meters and can withstand a level 12 typhoon. The cage uses wind and solar energy storage.

[0061] As a power supply method, it is equipped with pneumatic automatic bait throwing machines, net lifting winches, net washing machines, underwater three-dimensional vision systems, multi-beam sonar systems, net health detection robots and other automated equipment, and independently develops intelligent aquaculture management and control systems to achieve automation, digitization and intelligence of deep-sea aquaculture.

[0062] A company in Yantai carried out a demonstration of cultivating large-sized seedlings of deep-sea fish, such as the scaly mullet and the japonica seabass, using a "land-based factory workshop + nearshore cage" relay cultivation model. In February, fertilized eggs of the japonica seabass were obtained, and in April, fry of the scaly mullet were obtained. The early stage of seedling cultivation was carried out in the factory-based cultivation workshop, using a 25m3 3 The indoor cement pool is used as a nursery pond, with a water temperature of 16-19℃, a salinity of 28-30, a dissolved oxygen of more than 6mg / L, and a pH of 7.8-8.2. The bait series is rotifers-artemia nauplii-compound feed. After 70-80 days of cultivation, the seedlings grow to a total length of 5-6cm. The seedlings are promptly removed from the pond and transported to the nearshore cages in the form of canvas barrels (1m3) on vehicles for cultivation. During the transportation of seedlings, attention should be paid to stress reduction treatment, and the sea and land transfer density should be controlled at 80kg / m 3 Within, stress can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the survival rate of seedlings during transportation can reach 100%.

[0063] The size of the nearshore cage is 10m*10m*6m. The initial breeding density of the seedlings after entering the cage is 40-50 fish / m 3 As the fry grow, the stocking density decreases continuously; the fry are not fed for 3 days after entering the cages. After they recover, they are fed with compound feeds and immune enhancers to promote their feeding and improve their survival rate. Repeated experiments have verified that the fry must be acclimated and cultured in nearshore cages for at least 2 months, grown to a weight of more than 200g, and fed with a compound anti-stress agent before transportation and an anesthetic anti-stress compound agent applied to the water during transportation to achieve a 100% survival rate during transportation.

[0064] Example 3: Screening, dosage and use of anesthetics during transportation: During the transportation of seedlings from land-based factory workshops to nearshore cages and from nearshore cages to deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cages, stress reduction treatment is required. During the transportation of seedlings from land-based factory workshops to nearshore cages, the seedlings are fed with an anti-stress composite biological agent (Vc (0.05% by weight of feed) + 5-hydroxymethylconaldehyde (5-HMF) (0.1% by weight of feed)) for 3 days before transportation, and then stopped eating for 48 hours. Before the start of transportation, the seedlings can be anesthetized with a low dose (10 mg / L) of MS222, or soaked with a low dose (10 mg / L) of MS222 and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (0.3 ml / L) during transportation. The seedling transportation density is controlled at 80 kg / m 3 Within, stress can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the survival rate of seedlings during transportation can reach 100%.

[0065] Example 4: Precision feeding technology: After large-sized seedlings are cultured in deep-sea bottom-sitting intelligent cages, no feeding is performed for the first 7 days to prevent stress from aggravating feeding pressure. Feeding is gradually resumed after 7 days, because the water layer distribution and swimming behavior of the seedlings change dramatically after entering the cage. Therefore, with the help of three sonar devices installed near the bottom and wall of the cage, it is found that the distribution of farmed fish in the cage can be divided into three layers in the water layer: upper layer, middle layer and lower layer. By receiving and analyzing the sonar signals, the number of farmed fish can be determined;

[0066] Binocular cameras installed at different water depths on the four columns of the cage allow observation and assessment of the length and weight of the fish in the cage, which can be combined to calculate the total biomass of the fish in the cage. Furthermore, underwater binocular cameras monitor the behavior of the fish schools under varying weather conditions and at different times of the day, tracking their feeding and distribution patterns. By monitoring, collecting, and identifying behavioral data such as tail wagging frequency and jaw closure frequency, a model is developed to accurately identify the hunger and satiation states of the fish schools. During the farming process, it was found that for both Lateolabrax japonicus and Hsu's flathead mullet, the tail wagging and gill flapping frequencies increased by over 25% when the fish were hungry compared to when they were well fed. Combining sonar data on fish distribution and abundance with tail wagging and gill flapping behavior during hunger, the system activates the feeding system when more than 50% of the fish reach this frequency, guiding the system's feeding start time, duration, angle, and amount, thus enabling intelligent and precise feeding of fish in cage aquaculture.

[0067] Example 5: The aquaculture effect of Lateolabrax japonicus and L. philippinis was evaluated using the method of the present invention, including seedling specifications, time allocation for two-stage relay seedling cultivation, anesthesia operation during transportation, anesthetic dosage, and precise feeding method, and the final aquaculture effect was evaluated.

[0068] In 2022, a company in Yantai completed the cultivation of large-sized fry of sea bass and Xu's flathead bream according to the technical method of the present invention, and cultivated a total of 700,000 large-sized sea bass fry weighing 200-250g and 800,000 large-sized flathead bream fry. From 2022 to 2024, the "004 and 005" deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cages (aquaculture water body of 60,000-70,000m) were used in the Nanhuangcheng waters of Yantai. 3 ), according to the technical method of the present invention, a land-sea relay breeding demonstration of Lateolabrax japonicus and Hsu's flathead mullet was completed, and a total of 591,200 large-sized Lateolabrax japonicus seedlings (average weight 551.70±9.24g, body length 32.32±2.35cm) were released. After 21 months of breeding, the weight reached 1549.82±10.01g, the body length reached 45.47±2.25cm, and the survival rate was 86.7%; 775,700 Hsu's flathead mullet seedlings (average weight 220.16±8.33g, body length 19.84±0.26cm) were released. After 16 months of breeding, the weight reached 459.06±7.93g, the body length reached 24.98±0.86cm, and the survival rate was 88.5%.

[0069] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Although this specification has described the present invention in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. Therefore, any modification or replacement of the present invention; and all technical solutions and improvements thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding fish using a large-scale intelligent cage with a deep-sea bottom position, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1. Configure a deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage: The cage adopts a steel bottom-mounted cage. The main structure of the cage consists of columns, upper rings, lower rings, sinking pads, and diagonal supports. It is equipped with a pneumatic automatic bait thrower, net hoist winch, net washer, underwater 3D vision system, multi-beam sonar system, net health detection robot, and an intelligent aquaculture management and control system. Step 2: Cultivation of large-sized fry suitable for fish farming: Step 2.1, early cultivation: Early cultivation is carried out in a land-based factory workshop. Fertilized eggs of L. japonicum are obtained in February, and fry of L. philippinarum are obtained in April. The factory-based cultivation workshop is used for early cultivation of seedlings. The volume used is 10-25m 3 The indoor cement pool is used as a nursery pond, and the bait series is rotifers-Artemia nauplii-compound feed. After 70-80 days of cultivation, the seedlings grow to a total length of 5-6 cm. Step 2.2, post-cultivation: Post-cultivation is done in nearshore cages, and the seedlings are placed in canvas barrels (1m 3 ) or transported by live fish boat to nearshore cages for cultivation. During the transportation of seedlings, attention should be paid to stress reduction. The density of sea and land transfer should be controlled at 80kg / m 3 The size of the nearshore cage is 10m×10m×6m, and the initial breeding density of the seedlings after entering the cage is 40-50 fish / m 3 , as the fish grow, the stocking density is continuously reduced; the seedlings are not fed within 3 days after entering the cage, and are fed with compound feed after they recover, and immune enhancers are added at the same time; Step 3: Seedling transportation: Step 3.1, from land-based factory workshop to nearshore cages: Feed the seedlings with a stress-resistant compound biological agent for 3 days before transport, followed by a 48-hour feeding halt. Before transport, the seedlings can be anesthetized with a low dose of MS222 (10 mg / L), or soaked in a low dose of MS222 (10 mg / L) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (0.3 ml / L) during transport. Step 3.2, from nearshore cages to deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cages: feed compound anti-stress preparations before transportation, and apply anesthetic anti-stress compound preparations to the water body during transportation; Step 4: Intelligent and precise feeding: Step 4.1, Preliminary treatment: After the large-sized seedlings enter the deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage for cultivation, they are not fed for the first 7 days, and then gradually resume feeding after 7 days; Step 4.2, Biomass Calculation: Use three sonar devices installed near the bottom and wall of the cage to determine the number of farmed fish. Use binocular cameras installed at different water level heights on the four columns of the cage to observe and evaluate the length and weight of the farmed fish in the cage, and calculate the total biomass of the farmed fish in the cage. Step 4.3, Behavioral Monitoring and Model Building: Under different weather conditions and at different times of the day, the behavior of farmed fish was monitored using an underwater binocular camera to track feeding and clustering behaviors. The behavioral data characteristics of tail wagging frequency and upper and lower jaw closure frequency were monitored, collected, and identified to establish a model for determining the hunger and satiation states of the fish. Step 4.4, feeding control: Collect the fish distribution and number data from the sonar, as well as the tail wagging and gill flapping behavior data in a hungry state. When more than 50% of the farmed fish reach a specific frequency, turn on the bait feeding equipment to feed.

2. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main dimensions of the cage are 68 meters × 68 meters × 40 meters, with a maximum operating draft of 36.5 meters; the aquaculture area is surrounded by 60,000 to 70,000 cubic meters of water and can withstand a level 12 typhoon.

3. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cage uses wind, solar and energy storage complementarity as its power supply method and is equipped with an intelligent breeding management and control system.

4. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cage uses wind, solar and energy storage as a complementary power supply method, and is equipped with a pneumatic automatic bait feeder, a net lifting winch, a net washing machine, an underwater three-dimensional vision system, a multi-beam sonar system, and a net health detection robot automation equipment, and independently developed an intelligent breeding management and control system.

5. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The large-scale seedling cultivation of suitable fish is aimed at fish suitable for cage farming, and the land-based factory workshop and nearshore cage relay cultivation model is adopted. The seedlings are acclimated and cultured in nearshore cages for no less than 2 months and grow to a weight of more than 200g.

6. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the early cultivation process: control the cultivation water temperature at 16-19℃, salinity at 28-30, dissolved oxygen at above 6mg / L, and pH at 7.8-8.

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7. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The land-sea relay low-stress transport method is that when the fry reach the appropriate size, the fry are transported from the nearshore cage to the deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage for breeding by live fish transport ships; before transportation, the fry are fed with bait containing an anti-stress compound biological agent for 3 days and then fasted for 2 days. The stress compound biological agent includes vitamin C at 0.05% of the feed weight and 5-hydroxymethylconaldehyde (5-HMF) (0.1% of the feed weight). Before the start of transportation, an appropriate low dose of MS222 anesthetic and 5-HMF are added to the water body for soaking treatment.

8. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the intermediate seedlings of the land-based factory workshop near-shore cage cultivation model are transferred from land to sea, the transfer density is controlled at 80kg / m 3 Within.

9. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 8, characterized in that: Three sonar devices are installed near the bottom and walls of the cage to detect and determine the group distribution and possible number of farmed fish in the cage; binocular cameras are installed at different water layer heights on the four columns of the cage to observe and evaluate the body length and weight of farmed fish in the cage; sonar data is combined with biological data to calculate the actual number of farmed fish in the cage and the total biomass.

10. The method for breeding fish using a large-scale deep-sea bottom-mounted intelligent cage according to claim 9, characterized in that: The behavior of farmed fish is monitored through underwater monocular or binocular cameras, and feeding and distribution clustering behaviors are tracked in a timely manner. By monitoring, collecting and identifying behavioral characteristics of tail swinging frequency and upper and lower jaw closure frequency, a model for determining the hunger and fullness status of fish is established. At the same time, the model is input into the bait feeding equipment to guide the equipment's feeding start time, duration, feeding angle and feeding amount.

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