Die-casting mold structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of pressure casting, and relates to a die-casting die structure, which comprises a fixed die assembly, a movable die assembly, an exhaust assembly and a heat preservation assembly, the movable die assembly is arranged at the lower end of the fixed die assembly, a casting cavity is arranged between the fixed die assembly and the movable die assembly, the casting cavity comprises a cold material channel, the cold material channel is externally connected with the exhaust assembly, and the heat preservation assembly is arranged outside the casting cavity, the vacuum is drawn in the cavity through the exhaust assembly, the residual amount of gas in the cavity is reduced, the air resistance is effectively eliminated, the molten aluminum can be smoothly filled into the thin-walled area, and the occurrence rate of underfilling defects is greatly reduced; the cold material channel collects the cold material at the end, avoids the cold material from being mixed into the main body of the casting, and reduces the occurrence rate of cold separation defects; the heat preservation oil channel keeps the whole die at a certain temperature, the solidification time of the molten aluminum in the cavity is prolonged, the far end area such as the thin-walled rib and the edge can be completely filled, and the forming quality of the casting is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pressure casting, and specifically to a die casting mold structure. Background Technology

[0002] Large castings are widely used in high-end equipment fields such as new energy vehicles, rail transit, and aerospace. These castings are usually produced using pressure casting technology, which involves rapidly pressing high-temperature molten aluminum into the mold cavity under high pressure. After the aluminum solidifies, the mold is opened and the casting is removed.

[0003] However, conventional pressure casting molds face two major technical challenges when producing large castings:

[0004] 1. Large castings often have large and complex cavities, including deep cavities, thin-walled ribs, and irregular corners. After mold closing, air can easily remain inside the cavity. Additionally, the release agent volatilizes during the die-casting process, generating a large amount of gas. If this gas cannot be expelled in time, it will create air resistance within the cavity. The high-pressure-driven molten aluminum will be blocked by the gas, preventing it from continuing to fill the cavity, especially thin-walled areas. Furthermore, the molten aluminum can easily trap air bubbles when pushing the gas, ultimately leading to defects such as localized incomplete forming and internal voids in the casting.

[0005] 2. In large castings, thin-walled areas such as ribs and edges have a large contact area with the mold and a fast heat dissipation rate. However, conventional molds lack targeted temperature control, and the overall temperature of the mold is too low. The molten aluminum loses its fluidity due to rapid cooling before reaching the end of the cavity, resulting in gaps. The solidification rate of the molten aluminum varies greatly in different areas, which can easily lead to stress concentration inside the casting and even cracking.

[0006] To solve the above problems, a die-casting mold structure that can efficiently exhaust gas and control temperature needs to be designed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems of the prior art, this invention provides a die-casting mold structure.

[0008] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: A die-casting mold structure includes a fixed mold assembly, a moving mold assembly, an venting assembly, and a heat-insulating assembly. The moving mold assembly is disposed at the lower end of the fixed mold assembly. A casting cavity is provided between the fixed mold assembly and the moving mold assembly. The casting cavity includes a cold material channel. The cold material channel is externally connected to the venting assembly. The heat-insulating assembly is disposed outside the casting cavity.

[0009] In a further improvement, the fixed mold assembly includes a fixed mold base plate, a fixed mold insert, and a sprue bushing. The fixed mold insert is located at the lower end of the fixed mold base plate, and the sprue bushing is located on the fixed mold base plate and connected to the upper cavity of the fixed mold insert. The moving mold assembly includes a moving mold base plate, a moving mold insert, and side push plates. The moving mold insert is located at the upper end of the moving mold base plate and at the lower end of the fixed mold insert. The side push plates are slidably arranged around the moving mold insert, and four sets of side push plates and the moving mold insert enclose a lower cavity. The upper cavity and the lower cavity constitute a casting cavity. The casting cavity also includes a feeding channel. The venting assembly is located on the fixed mold base plate and connected to the upper end of the cold slug channel. The feeding channel is connected to the sprue bushing. The heat preservation assembly includes heat preservation oil channels, which are located inside the fixed mold insert, the moving mold insert, and the side push plates. Cooling water channels are also provided inside the fixed mold insert, the moving mold insert, and the side push plates.

[0010] Further improvements include the following: The fixed mold insert contains core block one and core block two. Core block one has a protrusion at its bottom that matches the shape of the casting; core block two has a protrusion at its bottom that matches the shape of the casting. The moving mold insert contains core block three and core block four. Core block three has a protrusion at its bottom that matches the shape of the casting; core block four has a protrusion at its bottom that matches the shape of the casting. The side push plate includes a left push plate, a right push plate, a front push plate, and a rear push plate. The right side of the left push plate has a protrusion five that matches the shape of the casting. The push plate has a protrusion six on the left side that matches the shape of the casting, the front push plate has a protrusion seven on the rear side that matches the shape of the casting, and the rear push plate has a protrusion eight on the front side that matches the shape of the casting; the fixed mold base plate has a flow divider cone at the lower end that connects to the sprue sleeve, and the flow divider cone diverts the molten aluminum flowing into the sprue sleeve to the casting cavity; the feeding channel includes a main feeding channel, a feeding branch port one, and a feeding branch port two; the cold material channel includes a rear cold material channel and a front cold material channel; the exhaust assembly includes a rear vacuum valve assembly and a front vacuum valve assembly.

[0011] In a further improvement, the main feed channel and the first feed branch port are located inside the fixed mold insert. The input end of the main feed channel is connected to the branch cone. The first feed branch port is located at the output end of the main feed channel. The first feed branch port is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side, and right side of the right end of the fixed mold insert, the top of the right push plate, the top of the front push plate, and the top of the rear push plate. The second feed branch port is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side, and right side of the right end of the core block. The second feed branch port is connected to the first feed branch port.

[0012] Further improvements include an upper cold material flow channel, a lower cold material flow channel, an upper cold material branch port, an upper cold material branch port, a lower cold material branch port, and a lower cold material branch port. The tops of the upper and lower cold material flow channels are interconnected and connected outward to the rear vacuum valve assembly. The upper cold material branch port is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel. Several sets of upper cold material branch ports are evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the fixed mold insert and on the top of the left push plate. The upper cold material branch port is provided with... Several groups of cold material diversion ports are evenly distributed on the rear and left rear sides of core block 2. The upper cold material diversion port 2 is connected to the upper cold material diversion port 1. The lower cold material diversion port 1 is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel 1. Several groups of lower cold material diversion ports 1 are evenly distributed on the rear and left rear sides of the left end of the moving mold insert and the bottom of the left push plate. Several groups of lower cold material diversion ports 2 are evenly distributed on the rear and left rear sides of core block 3 and the left rear side of the left end of the moving mold insert. The lower cold material diversion port 2 is connected to the lower cold material diversion port 1.

[0013] The front cold material channel includes an upper cold material flow channel two, a lower cold material flow channel two, an upper cold material branch port three, an upper cold material branch port four, a lower cold material branch port three, and a lower cold material branch port four. The tops of the upper cold material flow channel two and the lower cold material flow channel two are interconnected and connected to the front vacuum valve assembly. The upper cold material branch port three is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel two. Several sets of the upper cold material branch ports three are provided and evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of the left end of the fixed mold insert and the top of the left push plate. Several sets of the upper cold material branch ports four are provided. The upper cold material diversion port four and the upper cold material diversion port three are evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the core block two. The lower cold material diversion port three is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel two. The lower cold material diversion port three is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the left end of the moving mold insert and the bottom of the left push plate. The lower cold material diversion port four is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the core block three and the left front side of the left end of the moving mold insert. The lower cold material diversion port four and the lower cold material diversion port three are connected.

[0014] In a further improvement, a left drive assembly is provided on the left side of the left push plate, which drives the left push plate to open the lower cavity outward. A right drive assembly is provided on the right side of the right push plate, which drives the right push plate to open the lower cavity outward. A front drive assembly is provided on the front side of the front push plate, which drives the front push plate to open the lower cavity outward. A rear drive assembly is provided on the rear side of the rear push plate, which drives the rear push plate to open the lower cavity outward.

[0015] In a further improvement, the moving mold assembly also includes an ejector assembly, which is disposed inside the moving mold base plate and ejects the casting inside the moving mold insert from the casting cavity.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the die-casting mold structure of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] The evacuation system evacuates the cavity, reducing the amount of residual gas inside and effectively eliminating air resistance. This allows the molten aluminum to smoothly fill the thin-walled areas, significantly reducing the incidence of undercast defects. The cold material channel collects the cold material at the end, preventing it from mixing into the main body of the casting and reducing the incidence of cold shut defects. The heat-insulating oil channel maintains a certain temperature throughout the mold, extending the solidification time of the molten aluminum in the cavity. This allows the thin-walled ribs, edges, and other distant areas to be completely filled, improving the forming quality of the casting. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal oil and water circuits of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Exploded view structural diagram

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Another perspective exploded view structural diagram

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed mold assembly in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed mold assembly for removing core block one and core block two in this invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving module assembly in this invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving module assembly with core block three and core block four removed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of a casting blank with a ladle

[0029] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Another perspective on the structure

[0030] Figure 13 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the casting product structure after cutting the material ladle

[0031] In the diagram, 1-fixed mold assembly, 11-fixed mold base plate, 12-fixed mold insert, 121-core block one, 1211-protrusion one, 122-core block two, 1221-protrusion two, 13-sprue bushing, 14-upper cavity, 15-runner cone, 2-moving mold assembly, 21-moving mold base plate, 22-moving mold insert, 221-core block three, 2211-protrusion three, 222-core block four, 2221-protrusion four. 23-Side push plate, 231-Left push plate, 2311-Protrusion five, 2312-Left drive assembly, 232-Right push plate, 2321-Protrusion six, 2322-Right drive assembly, 233-Front push plate, 2331-Protrusion seven, 2332-Front drive assembly, 234-Rear push plate, 2341-Protrusion eight, 2342-Rear drive assembly, 24-Lower cavity, 25-Ejector assembly, 3-Exhaust assembly Components: 31-Rear vacuum valve assembly, 32-Front vacuum valve assembly, 4-Insulated oil passage, 5-Casting cavity, 51-Cold material channel, 511-Rear cold material channel, 5111-Upper cold material flow channel one, 5112-Lower cold material flow channel one, 5113-Upper cold material branch port one, 5114-Upper cold material branch port two, 5115-Lower cold material branch port one, 5116-Lower cold material branch port two, 512-Front cold material channel 5121-Upper cold material flow channel two, 5122-Lower cold material flow channel two, 5123-Upper cold material branch port three, 5124-Upper cold material branch port four, 5125-Lower cold material branch port three, 5126-Lower cold material branch port four, 52-Feed channel, 521-Main feed channel, 522-Feed branch port one, 523-Feed branch port two, 6-Cooling water channel, 7-Casting blank, 71-Finished casting. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The following is a description of the embodiments and appendices. Figures 1-13 The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A die-casting mold structure includes: a fixed mold assembly 1, a moving mold assembly 2, a venting assembly 3, and a heat insulation assembly. The fixed mold assembly 1 includes a fixed mold base plate 11, a fixed mold insert 12, and a sprue sleeve 13. The fixed mold insert 12 is disposed at the lower end of the fixed mold base plate 11, and the sprue sleeve 13 is disposed on the fixed mold base plate 11 and communicates with the upper cavity 14 of the fixed mold insert 12. The moving mold assembly 2 includes a moving mold base plate 21, a moving mold insert 22, and a side push plate 23. The moving mold insert 22 is disposed at the upper end of the moving mold base plate 21 and at the lower end of the fixed mold insert 12, and the side push plate 23 is slidably disposed on the moving mold insert 21. A lower cavity 24 is provided around the four sides and four sets of side push plates 23 and moving mold insert 22. The upper cavity 14 and the lower cavity 24 constitute the casting cavity 5. The casting cavity 5 includes a cold material channel 51 and a feeding channel 52. The venting assembly 3 is provided on the fixed mold base plate 11 and connected to the upper end of the cold material channel 51. The feeding channel 52 is connected to the sprue sleeve 13. The heat preservation assembly includes a heat preservation oil channel 4. The heat preservation oil channel 4 is provided inside the fixed mold insert 12, the moving mold insert 22 and the side push plates 23. Cooling water channels 6 are also provided inside the fixed mold insert 12, the moving mold insert 22 and the side push plates 23.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the operating principle of this invention is as follows:

[0037] The fixed mold assembly 1 serves as the fixed end of the mold and is installed on the fixed template of the die-casting machine. The fixed mold base plate 11 is used to fix the fixed mold insert 12; the upper cavity 14 at the lower end of the fixed mold insert 12 is in direct contact with the molten aluminum, forming the shape of the upper surface of the casting; the sprue sleeve 13 is the inlet of the molten aluminum, responsible for guiding the high-temperature molten aluminum from the injection chamber of the die-casting machine into the cavity. The moving mold assembly 2 serves as the movable end of the mold and is installed on the moving template of the die-casting machine. The moving mold insert 22 corresponds to the fixed mold insert 12, forming the lower half of the cavity; the side push plate 23 is an auxiliary forming part for the side structure of large castings, achieving side forming and side demolding through sliding. The casting machine drives the moving mold assembly 2 to move upward, so that the fixed mold insert 12 and the moving mold insert 22 fit together, and at the same time, the side push plate 23 moves closer to the moving mold insert 22, forming a complete casting cavity 5 by the upper cavity 14 (fixed mold) and the lower cavity 24 (moving mold + side push plate).

[0038] The venting assembly 3 is connected to the cold slug channel 51 and is activated after mold closing and before injection (or in the initial stage of injection). Through vacuum action, it extracts residual air and mold release agent volatile gases from the casting cavity 5 and the cold slug channel 51, reduces the back pressure of the cavity, eliminates gas obstruction at the front end of the molten aluminum, and avoids turbulence and air entrapment. At the same time, the cold slug channel 51, as an extension of the cavity, can collect the low-temperature cold material at the end of the molten aluminum filling. The molten aluminum will gradually cool down during the flow process, and the cold material at the end has poor fluidity. If it enters the main body of the casting, it will cause defects.

[0039] The heat-insulating oil channels 4 of the heat-insulating components are distributed inside the fixed mold insert 12, the moving mold insert 22, and the side push plate 23. Through an external mold temperature controller, constant temperature oil is introduced into the mold to preheat the mold to the target temperature and keep it uniform, reducing the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid and the mold, slowing down the solidification rate of the aluminum liquid, and allowing the aluminum liquid to fill to the farthest part of the cavity, such as thin-walled ribs. The cooling water channel 6 is activated after the aluminum liquid has completely filled the cavity, and cooling water is introduced to accelerate the solidification of the aluminum liquid, preventing the casting from deforming during demolding, and achieving precise temperature control of heat preservation during filling and cooling after molding.

[0040] The evacuation system evacuates the cavity, reducing the amount of residual gas and effectively eliminating air resistance. This allows the molten aluminum to smoothly fill thin-walled areas, significantly reducing the incidence of undercast defects. The cold material channel collects cold material at the end of the casting, preventing it from mixing into the main body and reducing the incidence of cold shut defects. The insulation oil channel maintains a certain temperature throughout the mold, extending the solidification time of the molten aluminum in the cavity and ensuring that thin-walled ribs, edges, and other distant areas are completely filled. The separate structure of the fixed mold insert and the moving mold insert, combined with the cavity enclosure method of the side push plate, can adapt to the deep cavity and side structure of large castings, avoiding the problems of high processing difficulty and cost of the overall mold.

[0041] In a further preferred embodiment, the fixed mold insert 12 is provided with a core block 121 and a core block 222. The bottom of the core block 121 is provided with a protrusion 1211 matching the shape of the casting, and the bottom of the core block 222 is provided with a protrusion 2221 matching the shape of the casting. The moving mold insert 22 is provided with a core block 321 and a core block 422. The bottom of the core block 321 is provided with a protrusion 3211 matching the shape of the casting, and the bottom of the core block 4222 is provided with a protrusion 4221 matching the shape of the casting. The side push plate 23 includes a left push plate 231, a right push plate 232, a front push plate 233, and a rear push plate 234. The right side of the left push plate 231 is provided with a protrusion 5 matching the shape of the casting. 311, the right push plate 232 has a protrusion six 2321 matching the shape of the casting on the left side, the front push plate 233 has a protrusion seven 2331 matching the shape of the casting on the rear side, and the rear push plate 234 has a protrusion eight 2341 matching the shape of the casting on the front side; the fixed mold base plate 11 has a diversion cone 15 connecting to the sprue sleeve 13 at the lower end, the diversion cone 15 diverts the aluminum liquid entering the sprue sleeve 13 to the casting cavity 5, the feeding channel 52 includes a main feeding channel 521, a feeding diversion port one 522 and a feeding diversion port two 523, the cold material channel 51 includes a rear cold material channel 511 and a front cold material channel 512; the exhaust assembly 3 includes a rear vacuum valve assembly 31 and a front vacuum valve assembly 32.

[0042] The core blocks 121 and 122 in the fixed mold insert 12, and the core blocks 221 and 222 in the moving mold insert 22, have protrusions 1211 to 2221 at their bottom or top. These protrusions are based on the irregular internal structure of the casting, including ribs and bosses. When the mold is closed, these protrusions extend into the casting cavity 5 and together with the cavity wall, they form the complex internal shape of the casting, realizing the combination molding of the cavity body and the core block protrusions, which can adapt to more complex internal structures.

[0043] The side push plate 23 is divided into a left push plate 231, a right push plate 232, a front push plate 233, and a rear push plate 234 (four independent side push plates). The inner side (right, left, rear, or front) of each push plate is provided with protrusions five 2311 to eight 2341. These protrusions correspond to the irregular side structure of the casting, including side bosses and side grooves. When the mold is closed, the four push plates move towards the moving mold insert 22, and the protrusions are embedded in the cavity to form the side details of the casting. When the mold is opened, the four push plates open independently to avoid the side protrusions of the casting from getting stuck with the mold.

[0044] The flow divider cone 15 is located at the lower end of the fixed mold base plate 11 and is directly connected to the sprue sleeve 13. When the high-temperature aluminum liquid is injected from the sprue sleeve 13, the conical structure of the flow divider cone 15 disperses the aluminum liquid to the main feed channel 521 of the feed channel 52, avoiding the aluminum liquid from impacting the fixed mold insert 12 at a single point, which could lead to local overheating or erosion of the cavity. At the same time, it makes the aluminum liquid evenly distributed to the subsequent flow dividers, reducing the difference in flow path.

[0045] The cold material channel 51 is divided into a rear cold material channel 511 (corresponding to the left rear region of the cavity) and a front cold material channel 512 (corresponding to the left front region of the cavity), which are respectively connected to the rear vacuum valve assembly 31 and the front vacuum valve assembly 32. During vacuuming, the two sets of vacuum valves can work simultaneously to selectively remove gas from the left rear and left front regions of the cavity; at the same time, the segmented cold material channels can collect the end cold material from the left rear and left front regions respectively, avoiding cleaning difficulties caused by the mixing of cold material.

[0046] The protrusions 1211 to 4221 of the core block and the protrusions 5311 to 82341 of the side pusher plate can precisely form complex structures such as internal ribs and side bosses of the casting, meeting the requirements of high-end equipment for precision castings. The flow divider cone 15 controls the flow rate difference of the aluminum liquid in the main feed channel 521, avoiding excessively fast flow rate of aluminum liquid in some areas, which would cause air entrapment, or too slow flow rate, which would cause solidification. The zoned cold material channel and the dual vacuum valve assembly work together to further reduce the amount of gas residue in the left rear and left front areas of the cavity, reducing the incidence of undercast defects.

[0047] As a further preferred embodiment, the main feed channel 521 and the first feed branch port 522 are disposed inside the fixed mold insert 12. The input end of the main feed channel 521 is connected to the branch cone 15. The first feed branch port 522 is located at the output end of the main feed channel 521. The first feed branch port 522 is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the fixed mold insert 12, the top of the right push plate 232, the top of the front push plate 233 and the top of the rear push plate 234. The second feed branch port 523 is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the core block 121. The second feed branch port 523 is connected to the first feed branch port 522.

[0048] The main feed channel 521 is the main channel for molten aluminum. Its input end is connected to the diversion cone 15 to receive the diverted molten aluminum. To prevent the molten aluminum from flowing only along the main channel and failing to cover the complex area around the core block 121, a hierarchical distribution structure of the main channel, diversion port, and diversion port 2 is implemented.

[0049] The feed diversion port 522 is distributed on the front, rear, and right sides of the right end of the fixed mold insert 12, as well as the top of the right push plate 232 and the top of the rear push plate 234. These positions correspond to the outer area of ​​the casting, including the right edge and the front and rear outer walls of the casting. The aluminum liquid directly fills the outer cavity through the feed diversion port 522, avoiding insufficient filling of the outer area due to its distance from the main channel.

[0050] The second feed diversion port 523 is distributed on the front, rear, and right sides of the right end of the core block 121. The area around the core block 121 is a complex internal area of ​​the casting, including the gap between the core block and the cavity wall, and the ribs on the outside of the core block. The second feed diversion port is connected to the first feed diversion port, allowing the molten aluminum to diffuse from the outside to the inside, filling the narrow space around the core block.

[0051] The feed inlet 523 directly supplies material to the area surrounding the core block 121, solving the problem of the core block obstructing the flow of molten aluminum and hindering its reaching the internal gaps. This improves the filling success rate. The layered flow distribution structure shortens the longest flow path of the molten aluminum, thereby shortening the filling time and preventing excessive cooling of the molten aluminum during long flow paths, further reducing cold shut defects. The evenly distributed inlets control the pressure differences of the molten aluminum in different areas of the cavity, reducing the density differences within the casting.

[0052] As a further preferred embodiment, the rear cold material channel 511 includes an upper cold material flow channel 5111, a lower cold material flow channel 5112, an upper cold material branch port 5113, an upper cold material branch port 5114, a lower cold material branch port 5115, and a lower cold material branch port 5116. The tops of the upper cold material flow channel 5111 and the lower cold material flow channel 5112 are interconnected and connected outward to the rear vacuum valve assembly 31. The upper cold material branch port 5113 is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel 5111. The upper cold material branch port 5113 is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the fixed mold insert 12 and the top of the left push plate 231. The second cold material diversion port 5114 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the second core block 122. The second cold material diversion port 5114 is connected to the first cold material diversion port 5113. The first cold material diversion port 5115 is located at the output end of the first cold material channel 5112. The first cold material diversion port 5115 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the moving mold insert 22 and the bottom of the left push plate 231. The second cold material diversion port 5116 is provided with several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the third core block 221 and the left rear side of the left end of the moving mold insert 22. The second cold material diversion port 5116 is connected to the first cold material diversion port 5115.

[0053] The front cold material channel 512 includes an upper cold material flow channel 2 5121, a lower cold material flow channel 2 5122, an upper cold material branch port 3 5123, an upper cold material branch port 4 5124, a lower cold material branch port 3 5125, and a lower cold material branch port 4 5126. The tops of the upper cold material flow channel 2 5121 and the lower cold material flow channel 2 5122 are interconnected and connected to the front vacuum valve assembly 32. The upper cold material branch port 3 5123 is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel 2 5121. Several sets of the upper cold material branch ports 3 5123 are provided and evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of the left end of the fixed mold insert 12 and the top of the left push plate 231. The upper cold material branch port 4 5124... Several sets of cold material diversion ports are provided and evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the core block 222. The upper cold material diversion port 4 5124 is connected to the upper cold material diversion port 3 5123. The lower cold material diversion port 3 5125 is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel 222. Several sets of lower cold material diversion ports 3 5125 are provided and evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the left end of the moving mold insert 22 and the bottom of the left push plate 231. Several sets of lower cold material diversion ports 4 5126 are provided and evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the core block 3 221 and the left front side of the left end of the moving mold insert 22. The lower cold material diversion ports 4 5126 are connected to the lower cold material diversion ports 3 5125.

[0054] Upper cold slug flow channel (1 5111, 2 5121): Located inside the fixed mold insert 12, corresponding to the "upper half" of the casting cavity 5. Its branch ports (upper cold slug branch ports 1 5113, 3 5123) are distributed at the left end of the fixed mold insert 12 and the top of the left push plate 231 to collect the end cold slug of the upper half of the cavity and discharge the gas of the upper half.

[0055] Lower cold slug flow channel (5112, 5122): Located inside the moving mold insert 22, corresponding to the "lower half" of the casting cavity 5. Its flow outlets (lower cold slug flow outlets 5115 and 5125) are distributed at the left end of the moving mold insert 22 and the bottom of the left push plate 231 to collect the end cold slug of the lower half of the cavity and discharge the gas in the lower half.

[0056] The top of the upper cold material flow channel 5111 of the rear cold material channel is connected to the top of the lower cold material flow channel 5112, and the top of the upper cold material flow channel 5121 of the front cold material channel is connected to the top of the lower cold material flow channel 5122. Vacuum valves are then connected to each of them so that the upper and lower flow channels are connected when vacuuming, and the gas in the upper and lower areas of the cavity is discharged at the same time to avoid differences in gas residue in the upper and lower areas.

[0057] Upper cold slug outlet 2 5114 (around core block 222) and lower cold slug outlet 2 5116 (around core block 3 221) are connected to upper cold slug outlet 1 5113 and lower cold slug outlet 1 5115 respectively. Gas around the core block can enter the cold slug channel through these "core block outlets" and then be extracted by the vacuum valve. At the same time, the end cold slug around the core block can also enter the cold slug channel through these outlets to avoid the cold slug adhering to the core block surface and causing difficulty in core block demolding.

[0058] The branch ports (5113, 5114, 5115, 5116) of the rear cold material channel are all located on the "rear side of the left end and the rear side of the left end", and the branch ports (5123, 5124, 5125, 5126) of the front cold material channel are all located on the "front side of the left end and the front side of the left end", so that the rear vacuum valve assembly 31 exhausts only for the rear left region and the front vacuum valve assembly 32 exhausts only for the front left region, thus preventing gas from moving between regions.

[0059] The layered cold slug channels and the matching flow outlets for the core block reduce the amount of residual gas in the upper and lower parts of the cavity and around the core block, thereby reducing the incidence of porosity defects in large castings.

[0060] As a further preferred embodiment, the left push plate 231 is provided with a left drive assembly 2312 on the left side, which drives the left push plate 231 to open the lower cavity 24 outward. The right push plate 232 is provided with a right drive assembly 2322 on the right side, which drives the right push plate 232 to open the lower cavity 24 outward. The front push plate 233 is provided with a front drive assembly 2332 on the front side, which drives the front push plate 233 to open the lower cavity 24 outward. The rear push plate 234 is provided with a rear drive assembly 2342 on the rear side, which drives the rear push plate 234 to open the lower cavity 24 outward.

[0061] When the mold is closed, the drive assembly pushes the push plate toward the moving mold insert 22 until the inner side of the push plate is in contact with the moving mold insert 22, forming the side contour of the lower cavity 24.

[0062] When the mold is opened, after the aluminum liquid has completely solidified, the die casting machine first drives the moving mold assembly 2 to move downward as a whole, separating it from the fixed mold assembly 1. Then, the four sets of drive assemblies synchronously pull the push plate to slide outward, so that the protrusions 5 to 8 on the inner side of the push plate are separated from the side structure of the casting, thus avoiding the push plate from getting stuck with the side protrusions of the casting.

[0063] As a further preferred embodiment, the moving mold assembly 2 also includes an ejector assembly 25, which is disposed inside the moving mold base plate 21. The ejector assembly 25 ejects the casting inside the moving mold insert 22 out of the casting cavity 5.

[0064] The ejector assembly 25 consists of multiple ejector rods distributed below the moving mold insert 22. Under hydraulic drive, the ejector rods are ejected upwards, passing through the pre-drilled holes in the moving mold insert 22 and acting directly on the lower surface of the casting. This lifts the casting upwards, causing it to separate from the upper surface of the moving mold insert 22 and the surfaces of core block 3 221 and core block 4 222, ultimately achieving complete separation of the casting from the moving mold assembly 2.

[0065] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A die-casting mold structure, characterized in that, include: The system includes a fixed mold assembly, a moving mold assembly, an venting assembly, and a heat insulation assembly. The moving mold assembly is located at the lower end of the fixed mold assembly. A casting cavity is provided between the fixed mold assembly and the moving mold assembly. The casting cavity includes a cold slug channel. The cold slug channel is externally connected to the venting assembly. The heat insulation assembly is located outside the casting cavity. The fixed mold assembly includes a fixed mold base plate, a fixed mold insert, and a sprue bushing. The fixed mold insert is located at the lower end of the fixed mold base plate, and the sprue bushing is located on the fixed mold base plate and connected to the upper cavity of the fixed mold insert. The moving mold assembly includes a moving mold base plate, a moving mold insert, and side push plates. The moving mold insert is located at the upper end of the moving mold base plate and at the lower end of the fixed mold insert. The side push plates are slidably located around the moving mold insert, and four sets of side push plates and the moving mold insert enclose a lower cavity. The upper cavity and the lower cavity constitute a casting cavity. The casting cavity also includes a feeding channel. The venting assembly is located on the fixed mold base plate and connected to the upper end of the cold slug channel. The feeding channel is connected to the sprue bushing. The heat preservation assembly includes a heat preservation oil channel, which is located inside the fixed mold insert, the moving mold insert, and the side push plates. The fixed mold insert, the moving mold insert, and the side push plates also have cooling water channels inside. The fixed mold insert contains core block one and core block two. Core block one has a protrusion at its bottom that matches the shape of the casting, and core block two has a protrusion at its bottom that matches the shape of the casting. The moving mold insert contains core block three and core block four. Core block three has a protrusion at its top that matches the shape of the casting, and core block four has a protrusion at its top that matches the shape of the casting. The side push plate includes a left push plate, a right push plate, a front push plate, and a rear push plate. The right push plate has a protrusion on its right side that matches the shape of the casting, and the right push plate has a protrusion on its left side that matches the shape of the casting. The side is provided with a protrusion six matching the shape of the casting; the rear side of the front push plate is provided with a protrusion seven matching the shape of the casting; the front side of the rear push plate is provided with a protrusion eight matching the shape of the casting; the lower end of the fixed mold base plate is provided with a diversion cone that connects to the sprue sleeve; the diversion cone diverts the molten aluminum flowing into the sprue sleeve to the casting cavity; the feeding channel includes a main feeding channel, a feeding diversion port one, and a feeding diversion port two; the cold material channel includes a rear cold material channel and a front cold material channel; the exhaust assembly includes a rear vacuum valve assembly and a front vacuum valve assembly. The rear cold material channel includes an upper cold material flow channel one, a lower cold material flow channel one, an upper cold material branch port one, an upper cold material branch port two, a lower cold material branch port one, and a lower cold material branch port two. The tops of the upper cold material flow channel one and the lower cold material flow channel one are interconnected and connected to the rear vacuum valve assembly. The upper cold material branch port one is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel one. The upper cold material branch port one has several sets and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the fixed mold insert and the top of the left push plate. The upper cold material branch port two has several sets. The upper cold material diversion port 2 is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the core block 2, and is connected to the upper cold material diversion port 1; the lower cold material diversion port 1 is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel 1, and the lower cold material diversion port 1 is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the left end of the moving mold insert and the bottom of the left push plate; the lower cold material diversion port 2 is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the rear side and left rear side of the core block 3 and the left rear side of the left end of the moving mold insert, and is connected to the lower cold material diversion port 1. The front cold material channel includes an upper cold material flow channel two, a lower cold material flow channel two, an upper cold material branch port three, an upper cold material branch port four, a lower cold material branch port three, and a lower cold material branch port four. The tops of the upper cold material flow channel two and the lower cold material flow channel two are interconnected and connected to the front vacuum valve assembly. The upper cold material branch port three is located at the output end of the upper cold material flow channel two. Several sets of the upper cold material branch ports three are provided and evenly distributed on the front side and left front side of the left end of the fixed mold insert and the top of the left push plate. Several sets of the upper cold material branch ports four are provided. The upper cold material diversion port four and the upper cold material diversion port three are evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the core block two. The lower cold material diversion port three is located at the output end of the lower cold material flow channel two. The lower cold material diversion port three is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the left end of the moving mold insert and the bottom of the left push plate. The lower cold material diversion port four is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front and left front sides of the core block three and the left front side of the left end of the moving mold insert. The lower cold material diversion port four and the lower cold material diversion port three are connected.

2. The die-casting mold structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main feed channel and feed branch port one are located inside the fixed mold insert. The input end of the main feed channel is connected to the branch cone. The feed branch port one is located at the output end of the main feed channel. The feed branch port one is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the fixed mold insert, the top of the right push plate, the top of the front push plate and the top of the rear push plate. The feed branch port two is provided in several groups and is evenly distributed on the front side, rear side and right side of the right end of the core block one. The feed branch port two is connected to the feed branch port one.

3. The die-casting mold structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left push plate has a left drive assembly on its left side, which drives the left push plate to open the lower cavity outward. The right push plate has a right drive assembly on its right side, which drives the right push plate to open the lower cavity outward. The front push plate has a front drive assembly on its front side, which drives the front push plate to open the lower cavity outward. The rear push plate has a rear drive assembly on its rear side, which drives the rear push plate to open the lower cavity outward.

4. The die-casting mold structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving mold assembly also includes an ejector assembly, which is disposed inside the moving mold base plate and ejects the casting inside the moving mold insert from the casting cavity.

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