Active test method and active test system of neutron detector

Abstract

The invention discloses an active test method and an active test system for a neutron detector, and the active test method comprises the steps: S1, carrying out the body test of a temporary charging monitoring system, and placing the neutron detector of the temporary charging monitoring system on a reactor pool platform; s2, a ray generating device is installed on a reactor pool platform, a neutron emitting end of the ray generating device is close to a neutron detector, a moderator is arranged between the neutron emitting end and the neutron detector, and an active test is carried out on the neutron detector; s3, after the active test is completed, evacuating the ray generating device from the reactor pool platform; the active test system comprises a ray generating device and a moderator, the ray generating device comprises a memory, an ion source, an accelerating pole, a target material and a neutron emitting end which are connected in sequence, and the neutron emitting end, the moderator and a neutron detector are arranged in sequence. According to the invention, the overall exposure dose of active testers can be reduced, the test preparation and implementation efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power plant commissioning, and in particular to an active test method and an active test system for a neutron detector. Background Art

[0002] During the initial fuel loading process, according to HAD 102 / 07-1989, "Safety Design of Nuclear Power Plant Cores," "During reactor startup, especially initial startup, the neutron fluence rate is significantly lower than that during full-power operation. Therefore, a highly sensitive temporary neutron detector is required to measure the neutron fluence rate." The primary function of the temporary fuel loading monitoring system is to monitor the core neutron fluence level and changes during the initial fuel loading process, accurately reflecting the core's status and preventing unexpected criticality events during the loading process, thereby ensuring the safety of the initial reactor loading. In the event of an unexpected event, the temporary fuel loading monitoring system will promptly issue an alarm, alerting on-site operators to take necessary measures to ensure reactor safety and organize timely evacuation. To ensure the availability of the temporary fuel loading monitoring system, a full-channel availability check using an additional neutron source is required.

[0003] The existing testing method for active testing of temporary fuel loading monitoring systems involves conducting neutron radiation source tests on the reactor pool platform in the nuclear island building using a neutron source, typically an Am-Be (americium-beryllium) neutron source, with the entire test performed manually. This existing testing method has the following major drawbacks: 1) Radiation risk, with operators exposed to additional external radiation exposure; 2) Risk of operator error, with the risk of accidental exposure to the source due to operator error; 3) Safety risk, with the risk of loss or damage to the source; 4) Transportation risk, with the risk of accidental exposure to personnel due to packaging damage, improper shielding, and other factors during transportation; 5) Equipment failure risk, with the risk of accidental exposure due to equipment failure; 6) Since the radioactive sources used in the tests are strictly controlled substances and require dedicated personnel to manage them, this increases the intensity of pre-test preparation and the difficulty of risk management; 7) Since the source intensity is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to actual needs, different sources of different intensity must be matched to different monitoring system requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an active test method and an active test system for a neutron detector.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: an active test method for a neutron detector, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Conduct a body test on the temporary fuel loading monitoring system, and then place the neutron detector of the temporary fuel loading monitoring system on the reactor pool platform;

[0007] S2. Installing a ray generating device on the reactor pool platform, with the neutron emitting end of the ray generating device close to the neutron detector and a moderator disposed between the neutron emitting end and the neutron detector, and performing an active test on the neutron detector;

[0008] S3. After completing the active test, the ray generating device is removed from the reactor pool platform.

[0009] In some embodiments, in step S2, the active test includes the following steps:

[0010] A. adjusting the operating parameters of the ray generating device so that the neutron emitting end of the ray generating device emits neutrons with a preset neutron flux;

[0011] B. the moderator performs a moderation process on the neutrons, and the neutron detector receives the moderated neutrons and generates a detection signal;

[0012] C. The temporary charging monitoring system processes the detection signal and obtains a detection result, and determines the response of the neutron detector according to the detection result.

[0013] In some embodiments, before step A, the required neutron energy and neutron yield are determined based on the sensitivity and range of the neutron detector to select the corresponding neutron reaction of the ray generating device and the moderator, and to determine the preset neutron flux.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step A, adjusting the working parameters of the ray generating device includes: first adjusting the voltage of the ion source of the ray generating device, and after the current of the ion source increases, adjusting the current of the storage of the ray generating device, and then adjusting the acceleration voltage of the ray generating device.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step A, the voltage of the ion source is 1-5 kV, and the adjustment time is 5-15 s; and / or the current of the reservoir is 200-600 mA, and the adjustment time is 100-500 s; and / or the acceleration voltage is 40-100 kV, and the adjustment time is 5-70 s.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S2, one side of the moderator is in close proximity to the neutron emitting end, and the other side of the moderator is in close proximity to the neutron detector;

[0017] The moderator is polyethylene, and the thickness of the moderator is 0.5-1.5 cm; or, the moderator is water, and the thickness of the water layer of the moderator is 5-15 cm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the number of the neutron detectors in the temporary loading monitoring system is at least three. In the step S2, after the first neutron detector is actively tested, the first neutron detector is replaced with the remaining neutron detectors in sequence, and active tests are performed on them in sequence.

[0019] In some embodiments, in the step S1, the main body test includes a pre-power-on check, a system operation test, and a safety check.

[0020] The present invention also proposes an active test system for a neutron detector, which is used for the active test method of the neutron detector described above. The active test system includes a ray generating device and a moderator. The ray generating device includes a storage, an ion source, an accelerating electrode, a target material and a neutron emitting end connected in sequence. The neutron emitting end, the moderator and the neutron detector are arranged in sequence.

[0021] In some embodiments, the active test system further includes a switch and a computer connected to the switch, wherein the switch is respectively connected to the storage, the ion source, and the accelerating electrode.

[0022] In some embodiments, the ray generating device also includes a power supply component, which includes a main power supply and a heating power supply, a pulse power supply and a high-voltage power supply connected to the main power supply, the heating power supply is connected to the storage, the pulse power supply is connected to the ion source, and the high-voltage power supply is connected to the accelerating electrode.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] In the active test method of the neutron detector of the present invention, a ray generating device is used to generate neutrons with an adjustable neutron flux, a moderator is used to perform neutron moderation treatment, and an active response test of the neutron detector is performed on a reactor pool platform. Therefore, the ray generating device is used instead of the existing radioactive source to perform the active test, thereby avoiding various operational risks caused by the use of radioactive sources, reducing the collective exposure dose of test personnel, and can also adjust the required intensity of neutrons according to needs, shortening the preparation and execution time of the active test, and reducing the cost of the active test.

[0025] The active test system for a neutron detector of the present invention includes a radiation generator and a moderator. By adjusting the operating parameters of the reservoir, ion source, and accelerator, neutrons of desired intensity can be emitted. Combined with the moderation effect of the moderator, the neutron flux and neutron energy distribution can be balanced. The active test system of the present invention reduces the risk of operating the radiation source, lowers the overall radiation dose to test personnel, improves the efficiency of active test preparation and implementation, and reduces testing costs, resulting in economical and practical applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an active test method of a neutron detector in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an active test system and a temporary charge monitoring system of a neutron detector in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate the following:

[0030] 1. Radiation generating device; 11. Storage device; 12. Ion source; 13. Accelerator; 14. Target material; 15. Neutron emitter; 2. Temporary loading monitoring system; 21. Neutron detector; 22. Cabinet; 3. Moderator; 4. Switch; 5. Computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] It should be noted that the flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may be decomposed, while others may be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may vary depending on the actual situation.

[0033] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," and "set" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connectivity between two elements or interaction between two elements. When an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element can be "directly" or "indirectly" located above the other element, or one or more intervening elements may be present. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Figure 1 An active test method of the neutron detector 21 in some embodiments of the present invention is shown, and the active test method includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. Perform a body test on the temporary fuel charging monitoring system 2, and then place the neutron detector 21 of the temporary fuel charging monitoring system 2 on the reactor pool platform.

[0036] In step S1, the main body test includes a pre-power-on check, a system operation test, and a safety check. This main body test is intended to ensure the proper operation of the temporary charging monitoring system 2. The pre-power-on check includes hardware integrity checks and power supply tests, the system operation test includes signal path verification and functional tests, and the safety check includes radiation shielding checks. Understandably, the main body test can utilize existing technologies.

[0037] The neutron detector 21 of the temporary fuel loading monitoring system 2 can be placed in an open area on the reactor pool platform to prepare for active testing. In other embodiments, the neutron detector 21 can also be placed in an area that meets active testing operating conditions and safety control for active testing.

[0038] S2. Install the ray generating device 1 on the reactor pool platform, with the neutron emitting end 15 of the ray generating device 1 close to the neutron detector 21, and a moderator 3 is provided between the neutron emitting end 15 and the neutron detector 21, and perform an active test on the neutron detector 21.

[0039] In step S2, one side of the moderator 3 is brought into close proximity with the neutron emitter 15. Moderator 3 fully moderates the fast neutrons generated by the radiation generator 1, making them more easily captured by the neutron detector 21. The other side of the moderator 3 is brought into close proximity with the neutron detector 21, allowing the detector 21 to receive as many moderated neutrons as possible. The neutron emitter 15, moderator 3, and neutron detector 21 can simply be brought into close proximity with each other; there is no connection between them, and their positions do not need to be fixed.

[0040] In step S2, the active test includes the following steps:

[0041] A. Adjust the working parameters of the ray generating device 1 so that the neutron emitting end 15 of the ray generating device 1 emits neutrons with a preset neutron flux.

[0042] Prior to step A, the required neutron energy and yield are determined based on the sensitivity and range of the neutron detector 21 to select the corresponding neutron reaction and moderator 3 for the ray generator 1, and to determine a preset neutron flux. Specifically, the neutron energy and yield required for the active test are determined based on the neutron detection sensitivity and detection range of the neutron detector 21. From this, the appropriate neutron reaction type for the ray generator 1 is selected. Simultaneously, the required moderator 3 is selected based on material properties such as neutron moderation efficiency, neutron absorption, and physical stability. This balances the neutron flux and neutron energy distribution, thereby determining the preset neutron flux of the emitted neutrons. This preset neutron flux is then controlled by the ray generator 1.

[0043] The neutron reactions of the ray generating device 1 are divided into two types, namely DD (deuterium-deuterium) reaction and DT (deuterium-tritium) reaction. The maximum neutron yield of DD reaction is 5×10 6 n / s, the reaction formula is 2 H+ 2 H→ 3 He+n, the released neutron energy is 2.5MeV; the maximum neutron yield of the DT reaction is 4×10 8 n / s, the reaction formula is 2 H+ 3 H→ 4 He+n, the released neutron energy is 14MeV.

[0044] In some embodiments, moderator 3 is made of polyethylene, and the thickness of moderator 3 is 0.5-1.5 cm, specifically 0.5 cm, 1 cm, or 1.5 cm. Alternatively, moderator 3 is made of water, and the thickness of the water layer in moderator 3 is 5-15 cm, specifically 5 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, 12 cm, or 15 cm. For example, moderator 3 can be made of a 1 cm thick polyethylene sheet. It is understood that different compositions and thicknesses of moderator 3 have different neutron moderation capabilities, and the moderator can be selected based on actual needs.

[0045] In step A, adjusting the operating parameters of the radiation generating device 1 involves first adjusting the voltage of the ion source 12 of the radiation generating device 1, then waiting for the current of the ion source 12 to increase. Once the current of the ion source 12 stabilizes (waiting for 1-2 minutes), the current of the reservoir 11 of the radiation generating device 1 is adjusted, and finally, the acceleration voltage of the radiation generating device 1 is adjusted. As the acceleration voltage increases, the current of the ion source 12 increases, and at this point, the current of the reservoir 11 needs to be slowly adjusted again.

[0046] In some embodiments, the voltage of the ion source 12 is 1-5 kV, and the adjustment time is 5-15 s; the current of the reservoir 11 is 200-600 mA, and the adjustment time is 100-500 s; the acceleration voltage is 40-100 kV, and the adjustment time is 5-70 s. It is understandable that the voltage of the ion source 12 can be selected from 1 kV, 2 kV, 3 kV, 4 kV, or 5 kV, and the adjustment time can be selected from 5 s, 8 s, 10 s, 12 s, or 15 s, etc.; the current of the reservoir 11 can be selected from 200 mA, 300 mA, 400 mA, 500 mA, or 600 mA, etc., and the adjustment time can be selected from 100 s, 200 s, 300 s, 400 s, or 500 s, etc.; the acceleration voltage can be selected from 40 kV, 50 kV, 60 kV, 80 kV, or 100 kV, etc., and the adjustment time can be selected from 5 s, 10 s, 20 s, 40 s, or 70 s, etc. In a specific embodiment, the operating parameters of step A are adjusted as follows: the voltage of the ion source 12 is 2 kV, and the adjustment time is 10 s; the current of the reservoir 11 is 400 mA, and the adjustment time is 300 s; the acceleration voltage is 50 kV, and the adjustment time is 10 s.

[0047] B. The moderator 3 moderates the neutrons, and the neutron detector 21 receives the moderated neutrons and generates a detection signal. The neutron detector 21 can detect the moderated neutrons in real time.

[0048] C. The temporary charging monitoring system 2 processes the detection signal and obtains the detection result, and determines the response of the neutron detector 21 according to the detection result.

[0049] The neutron detector 21 sends the detection signal it generates to the cabinet 22 of the temporary charging monitoring system 2 for processing. The cabinet 22 of the temporary charging monitoring system 2 is connected to the neutron detector 21 via a cable. The cabinet 22 provides high voltage to the neutron detector 21, conditions and processes the detection signal from the neutron detector 21, and finally outputs and displays the neutron detection result (such as the neutron flux rate). If the neutron detection result exceeds a safety threshold, an alarm is triggered. In a qualitative active (neutron radiation source) test, if the temporary charging monitoring system 2 indicates that a neutron flux rate has been detected, it indicates that the neutron detector 21 of the temporary charging monitoring system 2 is capable of an active response, and the active test of the neutron detector 21 can be determined to be qualified.

[0050] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned preset neutron flux and the moderation capacity of the moderator 3, a theoretical value of the neutron flux rate of neutrons collected by the neutron detector 21 can be obtained through theoretical analysis and calculation. The neutron detection result output by the temporary loading monitoring system 2 is the measured value of the neutron flux rate. By comparing the theoretical value and the measured value of the neutron flux rate, the active response performance of the neutron detector 21 can be judged.

[0051] In some embodiments, the number of neutron detectors 21 of the temporary charging monitoring system 2 is at least three, for example, three, six, or nine, etc., wherein three neutron detectors 21 are used at the nuclear power site, and the remaining neutron detectors 21 are used as backup. In step S2, after the first neutron detector 21 is subjected to an active test, the first neutron detector 21 is replaced with the remaining neutron detectors 21 in sequence, and active tests are performed in sequence. When the at least three neutron detectors 21 are subjected to active tests in sequence, the position of the cabinet 22 of the temporary charging monitoring system 2 is fixed, the positions of the neutron emission end 15 and the moderator 3 of the ray generating device 1 do not change, and only the neutron detectors 21 are replaced. Active tests need to be performed on all neutron detectors 21.

[0052] S3. After completing the active test, remove the radiation generating device 1 from the reactor pool platform. After completing the active test for all neutron detectors 21 in the temporary fuel loading monitoring system 2, shut down the radiation generating device 1 and remove it directly from the reactor pool platform, then evacuate the nuclear power plant. Subsequently, install the neutron detectors 21 at designated locations within the reactor pool according to the reactor loading plan.

[0053] In the active testing method for neutron detector 21 of the present invention, a ray generator 1 is used to generate neutrons with an adjustable neutron flux, a moderator 3 is used for neutron moderation, and an active response test of neutron detector 21 is conducted on the reactor pool platform. Thus, the ray generator 1 is used instead of the existing radioactive source for active testing, thereby avoiding various operational risks associated with the use of radioactive sources, reducing the collective exposure dose to test personnel, and adjusting the required neutron intensity as needed. This shortens the preparation and execution time of active testing, reduces the number of radioactive sources required for on-site testing, and reduces testing costs. This active testing method can also be applied to active response testing of neutron detectors other than temporary charging monitoring systems.

[0054] The present invention also provides an active test system for a neutron detector 21, which is used for the active test method of the neutron detector 21, such as Figure 2As shown, the active test system includes a ray generating device 1 and a moderator 3. The ray generating device 1 includes a storage 11, an ion source 12, an accelerating electrode 13, a target material 14 and a neutron emitting end 15 connected in sequence. The neutron emitting end 15, the moderator 3 and the neutron detector 21 are arranged in sequence.

[0055] The reservoir 11 is used to store gas, such as deuterium (D2) or tritium (T2). The gas release rate is controlled by adjusting the (heating) current of the reservoir 11, and deuterium gas is supplied to the ion source 12. The ion source 12 is used to ionize the deuterium gas to generate plasma, extract deuterium ions and inject them into the accelerating electrode 13. The accelerating electrode 13 accelerates the deuterium ions through an accelerating high-voltage electric field. The accelerated deuterium ions bombard the target material 14 and undergo corresponding nuclear reactions (neutron reactions) with the deuterium or tritium gas in the target material 14, thereby releasing neutrons with a certain neutron energy at the neutron emission end 15. The reservoir 11, ion source 12, accelerating electrode 13 and target material 14 are all integrated in a sealed ceramic shell. The moderator 3 is used to moderate the released neutrons. The selection of the moderator 3 can refer to the moderator 3 in the aforementioned active test method.

[0056] The corresponding target material 14 is selected based on the type of neutron reaction, namely, a tritium-containing (DT reaction) target material 14 or a deuterium-containing (DD reaction) target material 14. In some embodiments, the tritium-containing target material 14 may be a metal tritide target (such as titanium tritide (TiT2) or zirconium tritide (ZrT2)) or an alloy target material 14 (such as molybdenum-titanium alloy (Mo-Ti) and niobium-titanium alloy (Nb-Ti)); the deuterium-containing target material 14 may be a deuterated polymer target (such as deuterated polyethylene (C2D4)), a metal deuteride target (such as titanium deuteride (TiD2)), or a composite target material 14 (such as a titanium deuteride / palladium multilayer target).

[0057] In some embodiments, the active testing system further includes a switch 4 and a computer 5 connected to the switch 4. The switch 4 is connected to the storage 11, ion source 12, and accelerating electrode 13, respectively. The computer 5 is wirelessly connected to the switch 4, and the switch 4 is wired to the radiation generating device 1. The switch 4 adjusts the operating parameters of the storage 11, ion source 12, and accelerating electrode 13 of the radiation generating device 1 via the computer 5, causing the radiation generating device 1 to emit neutrons with a preset neutron flux. Thus, the test personnel can remotely control the radiation generating device 1 through the computer 5, allowing them to stay away from the radiation generating device 1 during the test, thereby effectively reducing the dose received by the test personnel and lowering the risk of active testing.

[0058] In some embodiments, the ray generating device 1 further includes a power supply assembly (not shown), which includes a main power supply and a heating power supply, a pulse power supply and a high-voltage power supply connected to the main power supply. The heating power supply is connected to the storage 11, the pulse power supply is connected to the ion source 12, and the high-voltage power supply is connected to the accelerating electrode 13. Specifically, the heating power supply provides voltage heating for the storage 11, and the release rate of the gas is adjusted by adjusting the heating current of the storage 11. The pulse power supply modulates the ion beam generated by the ion source 12 through periodic pulse voltage, thereby controlling the ion emission, protecting the target material 14, and preventing the continuous ion beam from causing overheating of the target material 14. A high-voltage power supply is used to provide accelerating high voltage (direct current or pulsed high voltage) to the accelerating electrode 13 to accelerate the ions, thereby determining the final energy of the ions and directly affecting the neutron flux and energy distribution.

[0059] Taking the DD reaction as an example, the working process of the active test system of the neutron detector 21 is as follows:

[0060] Start the computer 5 and the switch 4, and input the working parameters in sequence on the computer 5. First, set the voltage of the ion source 12. The pulse power supply modulates the discharge of the ion source 12. When the current of the ion source 12 increases and stabilizes, slowly adjust the (heating) current of the storage 11. At this time, the heating power supply supplies power to heat the storage 11 to release deuterium gas (D2) to the ion source 12. The ion source 12 ionizes the deuterium gas to produce D + The plasma is injected into the accelerating electrode 13. A high-voltage power supply provides high acceleration voltage to the accelerating electrode 13, accelerating the deuterium ions. The accelerated deuterium ions bombard the target 14, undergoing a deuterium-deuterium reaction with the deuterium gas within the target 14. Subsequently, neutrons with a neutron energy of 2.5 MeV are released from the neutron emission end 15 of the ray generating device 1. After being moderated by the moderator 3, the neutrons are output to the neutron detector 21.

[0061] A power station used the active test method and active test system of the present invention to conduct an active test on the neutron detector of a temporary loading monitoring system. The test results showed that the overall exposure dose of the test personnel was 1 μSv, which was 5 μSv lower than the collective exposure dose of the same type of test. It can be seen that the active test method and active test system of the neutron detector of the present invention can reduce the overall exposure dose of active test personnel.

[0062] The active test system of the neutron detector of the present invention includes a ray generating device and a moderator. By adjusting the operating parameters of the storage, ion source, and accelerating electrode, neutrons of the required intensity can be emitted. Combined with the moderation effect of the moderator, the neutron flux and neutron energy distribution can be balanced. In addition, during the transportation process and in the unpowered state, the ray generating device has no dose and does not need to be controlled according to the radiation source. It has the advantages of convenience and speed, and can have a remote wireless operation function. The active test system of the present invention can reduce the risk of operating the radiation source, reduce the overall exposure dose of the test personnel, improve the preparation and implementation efficiency of the active test, reduce the test cost, and is economical and practical. The active test system can also be used for active response tests of neutron detectors other than temporary loading monitoring systems.

[0063] It can be understood that the above embodiments only express the preferred implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present invention, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several deformations and improvements can be made, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made to the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of coverage of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active test method for a neutron detector, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, conducting a body test on the temporary charging monitoring system (2), and then placing the neutron detector (21) of the temporary charging monitoring system (2) on the reactor pool platform; S2. Installing a ray generating device (1) on the reactor pool platform, placing a neutron emitting end (15) of the ray generating device (1) close to the neutron detector (21), providing a moderator (3) between the neutron emitting end (15) and the neutron detector (21), and performing an active test on the neutron detector (21); S3. After completing the active test, the ray generating device (1) is removed from the reactor pool platform.

2. The active test method of neutron detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the active test includes the following steps: A. adjusting the operating parameters of the ray generating device (1) so that the neutron emitting end (15) of the ray generating device (1) emits neutrons with a preset neutron flux; B. The moderator (3) performs a moderation process on the neutrons, and the neutron detector (21) receives the moderated neutrons and generates a detection signal; C. The temporary charging monitoring system (2) processes the detection signal and obtains a detection result, and determines the response of the neutron detector (21) based on the detection result.

3. The active test method of neutron detector according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before step A, the required neutron energy and neutron yield are determined based on the sensitivity and range of the neutron detector (21), so as to select the corresponding neutron reaction of the ray generating device (1) and the moderator (3), and determine the preset neutron flux.

4. The active test method of neutron detector according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step A, adjusting the working parameters of the ray generating device (1) includes: first adjusting the voltage of the ion source (12) of the ray generating device (1), and when the current of the ion source (12) increases, adjusting the current of the storage (11) of the ray generating device (1), and then adjusting the acceleration voltage of the ray generating device (1).

5. The active test method of neutron detector according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step A, the voltage of the ion source (12) is 1-5 kV, and the adjustment time is 5-15 s; and / or the current of the storage (11) is 200-600 mA, and the adjustment time is 100-500 s; and / or the acceleration voltage is 40-100 kV, and the adjustment time is 5-70 s.

6. The active test method of neutron detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, one side of the moderator (3) is in close proximity to the neutron emitting end (15), and the other side of the moderator (3) is in close proximity to the neutron detector (21); The moderator (3) is polyethylene, and the thickness of the moderator (3) is 0.5-1.5 cm; or, the moderator (3) is water, and the thickness of the water layer of the moderator (3) is 5-15 cm.

7. The active test method of neutron detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the neutron detectors (21) of the temporary charging monitoring system (2) is at least three. In the step S2, after the first neutron detector (21) is subjected to an active test, the first neutron detector (21) is replaced with the remaining neutron detectors (21) in sequence, and the active tests are performed in sequence.

8. The active test method of neutron detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the main body test includes a pre-power-on check, a system operation test, and a safety check.

9. An active test system for a neutron detector, used for the active test method for a neutron detector (21) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The active test system comprises a ray generating device (1) and a moderator (3), wherein the ray generating device (1) comprises a storage (11), an ion source (12), an accelerating electrode (13), a target material (14) and a neutron emitting end (15) connected in sequence, and the neutron emitting end (15), the moderator (3) and the neutron detector (21) are arranged in sequence.

10. The active test system for neutron detectors according to claim 9, characterized in that: The active test system further comprises a switch (4) and a computer (5) connected to the switch (4), wherein the switch (4) is respectively connected to the storage (11), the ion source (12) and the accelerating electrode (13).

11. The active test system for neutron detectors according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ray generating device (1) further includes a power supply assembly, which includes a main power supply and a heating power supply, a pulse power supply and a high-voltage power supply connected to the main power supply, the heating power supply is connected to the storage (11), the pulse power supply is connected to the ion source (12), and the high-voltage power supply is connected to the accelerating electrode (13).

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