A device for rapidly estimating the content of block ice in permafrost and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of device for quickly estimating the content of permafrost block ice, which includes a closed cubic test space formed by side plate, bottom plate and cover plate. The center of the cover plate is inlaid with an infrared imager; the inside of the closed cubic test space is provided with a fixed constant temperature cold source, and the upper part of the fixed constant temperature cold source is provided with a frozen soil sample; the upper part of the frozen soil sample is provided with a movable constant temperature cold source, and a pair of constant temperature cold source handles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable constant temperature cold source; the outside of the closed cubic test space is provided with a circulating pump, a constant temperature liquid storage tank and a cooling chamber connected together through pipes; the output end of the circulating pump is connected with the injection inlet of the movable constant temperature cold source and the fixed constant temperature cold source respectively; one end of the cooling chamber is connected with the outlet of the movable constant temperature cold source and the fixed constant temperature cold source respectively. At the same time, the use method of the device is also disclosed. The present application can be sampled on site to realize rapid testing, and reduce the cost of sample low-temperature transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rapid estimation of blocky ice content in permafrost regions, and particularly to a device for rapidly estimating the blocky ice content in permafrost and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Permafrost is an ice-bearing, sub-zero geological body that is extremely sensitive to temperature and external factors. Its presence of underground ice is its most fundamental difference from other rock and soil bodies. Permafrost is a soil layer that has remained frozen for more than two years; it is both a low-temperature environment and a medium. Permafrost is a product of the interaction between the Earth and the atmosphere, as well as a product of geological history. Intensified climate warming has led to severe degradation of permafrost, accelerating the melting of underground ice, significantly altering hydrological processes and water resource distribution patterns in permafrost regions, disrupting ecosystem stability, and breaking the carbon balance, thus seriously affecting the regional ecological environment and sustainable development. Therefore, conducting research on the blocky ice content in permafrost regions has significant practical implications.

[0003] Currently, the monitoring of underground ice content and distribution characteristics in permafrost regions mainly relies on two methods: (1) ground-penetrating radar (GPR) technology and (2) remote sensing technology. However, underground ice in permafrost regions exhibits strong spatial heterogeneity, with unclear occurrence mechanisms and complex change processes. Both GPR and remote sensing analysis results require verification and support from field survey data. Furthermore, the cost of low-temperature transportation after field sampling is high, and there is a lack of effective in-situ monitoring methods for the content of blocky ice in undisturbed permafrost samples. Therefore, a device for rapidly estimating the content of blocky ice in permafrost is urgently needed to achieve rapid estimation of the content of blocky ice in permafrost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for rapidly estimating the blocky ice content of permafrost by reducing experimental costs.

[0005] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method of using the device for rapidly estimating the blocky ice content of permafrost.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides a device for rapidly estimating the blocky ice content of permafrost, characterized in that: the device comprises a closed cubic test space formed by side plates, a bottom plate, and a cover plate; an infrared imager wirelessly or wiredly connected to a computer is embedded in the center of the cover plate; a fixed constant-temperature cold source is provided inside the closed cubic test space, which is in close contact with the bottom plate, and a permafrost sample is placed above the fixed constant-temperature cold source; a movable constant-temperature cold source is provided above the permafrost sample, and a pair of constant-temperature cold source handles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable constant-temperature cold source; the exterior of the closed cubic test space comprises a circulating pump, a constant-temperature liquid storage tank, and a cooling chamber connected in series by pipes; the output end of the circulating pump is connected to the injection ports of the movable constant-temperature cold source and the fixed constant-temperature cold source respectively through a refrigerant injection pipe; one end of the cooling chamber is connected to the outlet of the movable constant-temperature cold source and the fixed constant-temperature cold source respectively through a refrigerant outlet pipe.

[0007] The rear side of the cover plate is connected to the side plate via a hinge; a pair of cover plate handles are symmetrically provided on the outer front side of the cover plate.

[0008] The side plate, the bottom plate, and the cover plate are all made of two layers of acrylic sheets, and the interlayer of the acrylic sheets is filled with thermal insulation material.

[0009] A sealing gasket is provided on the contact surface between the cover plate and the side plate.

[0010] The imaging range of the infrared imager is comparable to the area of ​​the frozen soil sample.

[0011] Both the movable constant temperature cold source and the fixed constant temperature cold source are composed of a panel and a partition forming an S-shaped liquid circulation channel, with a thickness of 5~10cm and a planar dimension that is the same as the dimension of the bottom plate inside the closed cubic test space.

[0012] A pair of pipe holes I are symmetrically provided on both sides of the side plate connected to the base plate; a pair of pipe holes II are symmetrically provided on both sides of the side plate connected to the cover plate; quick connectors are provided in both pipe holes I and pipe holes II; the refrigerant injection pipe consists of pipe I and pipe II connected together by a tee I; pipe I is connected to the injection port of the fixed constant temperature cold source via the quick connector on pipe hole I; pipe II extends into the interior of the enclosed cubic test space via the quick connector on pipe hole II and is connected to the injection port of the movable constant temperature cold source; the refrigerant outlet pipe consists of pipe III and pipe IV connected together by a tee II; pipe III is connected to the outlet of the fixed constant temperature cold source via the quick connector on pipe hole I; pipe IV extends into the interior of the enclosed cubic test space via the quick connector on pipe hole II and is connected to the outlet of the movable constant temperature cold source.

[0013] The thickness of the frozen soil sample is 1-5 cm, and its planar dimensions are the same as those of the fixed constant temperature cold source.

[0014] The method of using the device for rapidly estimating the blocky ice content of permafrost as described above includes the following steps:

[0015] (1) Excavate a test pit at the test site. After the test pit reaches the permafrost layer, use a sampling device to collect permafrost samples layer by layer. The thickness of the collected permafrost samples is 1~5cm, and the planar dimensions are the same as those of the fixed constant temperature cold source.

[0016] (2) Open the cover, take out the movable constant temperature cold source, apply Vaseline to the lower surface of the movable constant temperature cold source and the upper surface of the fixed constant temperature cold source, place the frozen soil sample on the fixed constant temperature cold source, put back the movable constant temperature cold source, and inject a constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -3℃ to -5℃ into the interior of the movable constant temperature cold source and the fixed constant temperature cold source to perform constant temperature treatment on the frozen soil sample;

[0017] (3) After the frozen soil sample reaches a constant temperature, open the cover, take out the movable constant temperature cold source, and inject a constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -10℃ to -15℃ into the fixed constant temperature cold source. The infrared imager is controlled by a computer and the infrared image of the frozen soil sample is continuously collected until the temperature of the upper surface of the frozen soil sample is close to the temperature of the constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -10℃ to -15℃.

[0018] (4) Import the infrared image of the upper surface of the collected frozen soil sample into the computer, analyze the temperature change of the upper surface over time, interpret the blocky ice regions in the frozen soil sample, determine the outline of the blocky ice distribution area, and calculate the volume of blocky ice in the frozen soil sample using the following formula:

[0019] The volume of blocky ice in a single frozen soil sample = the area of ​​the blocky ice distribution region × the thickness of the frozen soil sample;

[0020] (5) By testing multiple sets of continuous frozen soil samples, the blocky ice regions of the multiple sets of frozen soil samples obtained from the interpretation are stacked in the computer, and the blocky ice distribution at the detection point is reconstructed in three dimensions to understand the macroscopic structure and distribution characteristics of the blocky ice.

[0021] (6) By stacking multiple sets of frozen soil samples with blocky ice areas, the content of blocky ice in the permafrost at the detection point is calculated using the following formula:

[0022] Blocky ice content = Sum of the volumes of blocky ice in multiple frozen soil samples / Sum of the volumes of multiple frozen soil samples.

[0023] The constant-temperature liquid used in both step (2) and step (3) is hydraulic oil.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. This invention utilizes the difference in thermal conductivity between blocky ice and soil in permafrost. By contacting one end of a sheet-like permafrost sample under constant temperature with a constant-temperature refrigerant, and using an infrared imager to continuously record the temperature change pattern of the other end, the blocky ice region in the permafrost sample is interpreted, stacked, and reconstructed in three dimensions, thereby enabling rapid estimation of the blocky ice content in the permafrost sample.

[0026] 2. In this invention, undisturbed samples are collected for testing. Through three-dimensional reconstruction, the macroscopic structure and distribution characteristics of blocky ice in permafrost samples can be indirectly understood.

[0027] 3. This invention allows for rapid testing by taking samples on-site in the field, which reduces the cost of transporting samples at low temperatures compared to indoor testing. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the device for rapidly estimating the content of blocky ice in frozen soil according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of the device for rapidly estimating the content of blocky ice in frozen soil according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable constant temperature cold source in this invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed constant temperature cold source in this invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the usage of the device for rapidly estimating the content of blocky ice in frozen soil according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blocky ice distribution obtained after the computer interprets the infrared image of a single frozen soil sample according to the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1-Side plate, 2-Bottom plate, 3-Cover plate, 4-Hinge, 5-Infrared imager, 6-Cover plate handle, 7-Movable constant temperature cold source, 8-Fixed constant temperature cold source, 9-Constant temperature cold source handle, 10-Frozen soil sample, 11-Sealing gasket, 121-Pipe hole I, 122-Pipe hole II, 13-Panel, 14-Partition plate, 15-Liquid circulation channel, 16-Refrigerant injection pipe, 17-Refrigerant outlet pipe, 18-Quick connector, 19-Circulation pump, 20-Constant temperature liquid storage tank, 21-Cooling chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0036] like Figures 1-4As shown, a device for rapidly estimating the blocky ice content of permafrost includes a closed cubic test space formed by a side plate 1, a bottom plate 2, and a cover plate 3. An infrared imager 5, wirelessly or wiredly connected to a computer, is embedded in the center of the cover plate 3. Inside the closed cubic test space, a fixed constant-temperature cold source 8 is tightly attached to the bottom plate 2, and a permafrost sample 10 is placed above the fixed constant-temperature cold source 8. Above the permafrost sample 10, a movable constant-temperature cold source 7 is placed, with a pair of constant-temperature cold source handles 9 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable constant-temperature cold source 7. Outside the closed cubic test space, a circulating pump 19, a constant-temperature liquid storage tank 20, and a cooling chamber 21 are connected in series via pipes. The output end of the circulating pump 19 is connected to the injection ports of the movable constant-temperature cold source 7 and the fixed constant-temperature cold source 8 via a refrigerant injection pipe 16. One end of the cooling chamber 21 is connected to the outlet of the movable constant-temperature cold source 7 and the fixed constant-temperature cold source 8 via a refrigerant outlet pipe 17.

[0037] Wherein: the rear side of the cover plate 3 is connected to the side plate 1 by a hinge 4; a pair of cover plate handles 6 are symmetrically provided on the outer front side of the cover plate 3.

[0038] Side panel 1, bottom panel 2 and cover panel 3 are all made of two layers of acrylic sheets, and the interlayer of the acrylic sheets is filled with thermal insulation material.

[0039] A sealing gasket 11 is provided on the contact surface between the cover plate 3 and the side plate 1.

[0040] The imaging range of infrared imager 5 is comparable to the area of ​​frozen soil sample 10.

[0041] Both the movable constant temperature cold source 7 and the fixed constant temperature cold source 8 are composed of a liquid circulation channel 15 formed by the panel 13 and the partition 14 in an S-shape. The thickness of both is 5~10cm, and the planar dimensions are the same as the dimensions of the internal base plate 2 of the closed cubic test space.

[0042] A pair of pipe holes I 121 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the side plate 1 connected to the base plate 2; a pair of pipe holes II 122 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the side plate 1 connected to the cover plate 3; quick connectors 18 are provided in both pipe holes I 121 and pipe holes II 122; the refrigerant injection pipe 16 is connected to pipe I and pipe II by a tee I; pipe I is connected to the injection port of the fixed constant temperature cold source 8 through the quick connector 18 on pipe hole I 121; pipe II extends into the interior of the closed cubic test space through the quick connector 18 on pipe hole II 122 and is connected to the injection port of the movable constant temperature cold source 7; the refrigerant outlet pipe 17 is connected to pipe III and pipe IV by a tee II; pipe III is connected to the outlet of the fixed constant temperature cold source 8 through the quick connector 18 on pipe hole I 121; pipe IV extends into the interior of the closed cubic test space through the quick connector 18 on pipe hole II 122 and is connected to the outlet of the movable constant temperature cold source 7.

[0043] The thickness of frozen soil sample 10 is 1~5cm, and its planar dimensions are the same as those of the fixed constant temperature cold source 8.

[0044] Working principle of the invention:

[0045] By utilizing the difference in thermal conductivity between blocky ice and soil in permafrost, the lower end of a sheet-like permafrost sample 10, which is in a constant temperature state, is brought into contact with a fixed constant temperature cold source 8. The temperature change pattern of its upper end is continuously recorded by an infrared imager 5. The blocky ice region in the permafrost sample 10 is interpreted, stacked, and reconstructed in three dimensions, so as to achieve rapid estimation of the blocky ice content in the permafrost sample 10.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, a method for using a device for rapidly estimating the blocky ice content of permafrost includes the following steps:

[0047] (1) Excavate a test pit at the test site. After the test pit reaches the permafrost layer, use a sampling device to collect permafrost samples 10 layer by layer. The thickness of the collected permafrost samples 10 is 1~5cm, and the planar dimensions are the same as those of the fixed constant temperature cold source 8. The sampling device can be the device shown in ZL2022200167029. The circular permafrost samples are trimmed to be the same size and shape as those of the fixed constant temperature cold source 8.

[0048] (2) Open the cover plate 3, take out the movable constant temperature cold source 7, apply Vaseline to the lower surface of the movable constant temperature cold source 7 and the upper surface of the fixed constant temperature cold source 8, place the frozen soil sample 10 on the fixed constant temperature cold source 8, put the movable constant temperature cold source 7 back, and inject a constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -3℃ to -5℃ into the interior of the movable constant temperature cold source 7 and the fixed constant temperature cold source 8 to perform constant temperature treatment on the frozen soil sample 10; the constant temperature liquid is hydraulic oil;

[0049] (3) After the frozen soil sample 10 reaches a constant temperature, open the cover plate 3, take out the movable constant temperature cold source 7, and inject a constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -10℃ ~ -15℃ into the internal circulation of the fixed constant temperature cold source 8. The constant temperature liquid is hydraulic oil. The infrared imager 5 is controlled by the computer and the infrared image of the frozen soil sample 10 is continuously collected until the surface temperature of the frozen soil sample 10 is close to the temperature of the constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -10℃ ~ -15℃.

[0050] (4) Import the infrared image of the upper surface of the collected frozen soil sample 10 into the computer, analyze the temperature change pattern of its upper surface over time, interpret the blocky ice regions in the frozen soil sample 10, and determine the outline of the blocky ice distribution area, such as... Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the square area represents frozen soil sample 10, and the irregular area represents the distribution area of ​​blocky ice obtained through infrared image interpretation. The volume of blocky ice in frozen soil sample 10 is calculated using the following formula:

[0051] The volume of blocky ice in a single frozen soil sample 10 = the area of ​​the blocky ice distribution region × the thickness of frozen soil sample 10;

[0052] (5) By testing multiple sets of continuous frozen soil samples 10, the blocky ice regions of the multiple sets of frozen soil samples 10 obtained by interpretation are stacked in the computer, and the blocky ice distribution at the detection point is reconstructed in three dimensions to understand the macroscopic structure and distribution characteristics of the blocky ice.

[0053] (6) By stacking multiple sets of frozen soil samples 10 with blocky ice areas, the content of blocky ice in the permafrost at this detection point is calculated using the following formula:

[0054] Blocky ice content = Sum of the volumes of blocky ice content in multiple frozen soil samples 10 / Sum of the volumes of multiple frozen soil samples 10.

Claims

1. A device for rapidly estimating the content of block ice in permafrost, characterized in that it comprises: The device comprises a closed cubic test space formed by a side plate (1), a bottom plate (2) and a cover plate (3); the center of the cover plate (3) is inlaid with an infrared imager (5) connected with a computer wirelessly or by wire; the inside of the closed cubic test space is provided with a fixed constant temperature cold source (8) closely attached to the bottom plate (2), and the upper side of the fixed constant temperature cold source (8) is provided with a frozen soil sample (10); the upper side of the frozen soil sample (10) is provided with a movable constant temperature cold source (7), and the two sides of the movable constant temperature cold source (7) are symmetrically provided with a pair of constant temperature cold source handles (9); the outside of the closed cubic test space is provided with a circulating pump (19), a constant temperature liquid storage tank (20) and a cooling chamber (21) connected together through pipes in sequence; the output end of the circulating pump (19) is connected with the injection inlet of the movable constant temperature cold source (7) and the fixed constant temperature cold source (8) through refrigerant injection pipes (16) respectively; one end of the cooling chamber (21) is connected with the outlet of the movable constant temperature cold source (7) and the fixed constant temperature cold source (8) through refrigerant extraction pipes (17) respectively.

2. The device for rapidly estimating the ice content of permafrost according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear side of the cover plate (3) is connected with the side plate (1) through a hinge (4); the outer side of the front end of the cover plate (3) is symmetrically provided with a pair of cover plate handles (6).

3. The device for rapidly estimating the ice content of permafrost according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate (1), the bottom plate (2) and the cover plate (3) are all made of two layers of acrylic plates, and the acrylic plate interlayer is filled with thermal insulation materials.

4. The device for rapidly estimating the ice content of permafrost according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface of the cover plate (3) and the side plate (1) is provided with a sealing gasket (11).

5. The device for rapidly estimating the ice content of permafrost according to claim 1, characterized in that: The imaging range of the infrared imager (5) is equivalent to the area of the frozen soil sample (10).

6. The device for rapidly estimating the ice content of permafrost according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable constant temperature cold source (7) and the fixed constant temperature cold source (8) are both composed of a panel (13) and a partition plate (14) to form an S-shaped liquid circulation channel (15), and the thicknesses of the movable constant temperature cold source (7) and the fixed constant temperature cold source (8) are both 5-10 cm, and the planar sizes are the same as the size of the bottom plate (2) inside the closed cubic test space.

7. The device for rapidly estimating the ice content of permafrost according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of pipeline holes I (121) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side plate (1) connected with the bottom plate (2); a pair of pipeline holes II (122) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the side plate (1) connected with the cover plate (3); a quick connector (18) is arranged in each of the pipeline holes I (121) and the pipeline holes II (122); the refrigerant injection pipeline (16) is connected together by pipeline I and pipeline II through a three-way joint I; the pipeline I is connected with the injection inlet of the fixed constant temperature cold source (8) through the quick connector (18) on the pipeline hole I (121); the pipeline II extends into the inside of the closed cubic test space through the quick connector (18) on the pipeline hole II (122) and is connected with the injection inlet of the movable constant temperature cold source (7); the refrigerant extraction pipeline (17) is connected together by pipeline III and pipeline IV through a three-way joint II; the pipeline III is connected with the extraction outlet of the fixed constant temperature cold source (8) through the quick connector (18) on the pipeline hole I (121); the pipeline IV extends into the inside of the closed cubic test space through the quick connector (18) on the pipeline hole II (122) and is connected with the extraction outlet of the movable constant temperature cold source (7).

8. The device for rapidly estimating the ice content of permafrost according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the frozen soil sample (10) is 1-5 cm, and the planar size is the same as the size of the fixed constant temperature cold source (8).

9. A method for using the device for rapidly estimating the content of block ice in permafrost according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: (1) Excavate a pit at the site to be tested, and after the pit reaches the permafrost layer, use the sampling device to collect frozen soil samples (10) layer by layer, the thickness of the collected frozen soil samples (10) is 1-5 cm, and the planar size is the same as that of the fixed constant temperature cold source (8); (2) Open the cover plate (3), take out the movable constant temperature cold source (7), apply vaseline to the lower surface of the movable constant temperature cold source (7) and the upper surface of the fixed constant temperature cold source (8), place the frozen soil sample (10) on the fixed constant temperature cold source (8), put back the movable constant temperature cold source (7), inject constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -3℃ to -5℃ into the inside of the movable constant temperature cold source (7) and the fixed constant temperature cold source (8), and perform constant temperature treatment on the frozen soil sample (10); (3) After the frozen soil sample (10) reaches a constant temperature state, open the cover plate (3), take out the movable constant temperature cold source (7), circulate the injection of constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -10℃ to -15℃ into the inside of the fixed constant temperature cold source (8), control the infrared imager (5) by the computer, and continuously collect infrared images of the frozen soil sample (10) until the temperature of the upper surface of the frozen soil sample (10) approaches the temperature of the constant temperature liquid with a temperature of -10℃ to -15℃; (4) Import the infrared images of the upper surface of the collected frozen soil sample (10) into the computer, analyze the temperature change law of the upper surface with time, interpret the block ice region in the frozen soil sample (10), determine the contour of the block ice distribution region, and calculate the volume of the block ice in the frozen soil sample (10) by the following formula: The volume of the block ice in a single set of frozen soil sample (10) = the area of the block ice distribution region × the thickness of the frozen soil sample (10). ⑸ Through testing on multiple groups of continuous frozen soil samples (10), stacking the block ice areas of the multiple groups of frozen soil samples (10) obtained through interpretation in the computer, three-dimensionally reconstructing the block ice distribution of the detection points, and understanding the macrostructure and distribution characteristics of the block ice; ⑹ Through stacking the block ice areas of the multiple groups of frozen soil samples (10), calculating the permafrost block ice content of the detection points according to the following formula: Block ice content = sum of block ice content volumes in the multiple groups of frozen soil samples (10) / sum of volumes of the multiple groups of frozen soil samples (10).

10. The method of using the device for rapid estimation of the ice content of permafrost according to claim 9, characterized in that: The constant-temperature liquids in the steps ⑵ and ⑶ are both hydraulic oils.

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